CN108365305B - Microwave lens filter and filtering method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microwave lens filter and a filtering method thereof, wherein the lens filter is in a convex lens structure form formed by overlapping a first medium A, a second medium B, a third medium C and a fourth medium D in a certain sequence; the first medium A, the second medium B, the third medium C and the fourth medium D are all wave-absorbing metamaterials. The filtering method of the lens filter comprises the following steps: and parameters of the conductive geometric structure layer and the air layer corresponding to the lens filter are configured according to the microwave frequency required to be transmitted, so that the required equivalent dielectric constant and magnetic conductivity are obtained, microwave adjustment is realized through the lens filter, and clutter absorption and filtration are completed, so that complete filtration is realized for the selected microwave frequency. The microwave filter has reasonable concept and simple structural design, can realize the adjustment of the microwave, complete the absorption of the clutter, realize the filtering effect of the clutter and realize the 100 percent filtering effect on the selected microwave frequency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave communication, and particularly relates to a microwave lens filter and a filtering method thereof.
Background
Microwave filters are wavelength selective devices that select a desired wavelength from a plurality of wavelengths, and microwaves other than this wavelength are rejected. The existing microwave filter is divided into four types of low-pass, high-pass, band-pass and band-stop (the high-pass is usually replaced by a band-pass filter with a wide band), and the structure, parameters and design methods of the existing microwave filter are obviously different due to different indexes such as working frequency, frequency bandwidth, power capacity and the like. In a microwave circuit system, the performance of a filter has a great influence on the performance index of the circuit, so how to design a filter with high performance is of great significance to the design of the microwave circuit system.
Microwave filters are widely used in various circuit systems such as communications, signal processing, and radar. With the rapid development of mobile communication, electronic countermeasure and navigation technologies, higher requirements are put forward for the demand of new microwave devices and the improvement of the performance of existing devices, and developed countries utilize new materials and new technologies to improve the performance and integration level of devices, and simultaneously, reduce the cost, size and power consumption as much as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the microwave lens filter and the filtering method thereof, which have reasonable conception and simple structural design, can realize the adjustment of the microwave, complete the absorption of the clutter, realize the filtering effect of the clutter and realize the filtering effect of 100 percent on the selected microwave frequency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the microwave lens filter is in a convex lens structure form formed by overlapping a first medium, a second medium, a third medium and a fourth medium in a certain sequence; the first medium, the second medium, the third medium and the fourth medium are wave-absorbing metamaterials; the fourth medium is positioned in the middle of the filter, and the first medium, the second medium and the third medium are stacked layer by layer from outside to inside on two opposite side surfaces of the fourth medium; the first medium, the second medium and the third medium which are positioned on two opposite side surfaces of the fourth medium are symmetrically distributed, the inner side surfaces of the first medium, the second medium and the third medium are of concave cambered surface structures, and the outer side surfaces of the first medium, the second medium and the third medium are of convex cambered surface structures.
The microwave lens filter, wherein: the refractive index of the first medium is nAThickness a ═ λ/4nA(ii) a The refractive index of the second medium is nBThickness b ═ λ/4nB(ii) a The refractive index of the third medium is nCThickness c ═ λ/4nC。
The microwave lens filter, wherein: and the thickness d of the fourth medium is C/2 delta f, wherein d is the thickness of the fourth medium, C is the speed of light in vacuum, and delta f is the microwave frequency interval of the filter.
The microwave lens filter, wherein the filtering process of the lens filter is as follows: when the microwaves irradiate the lens filter, the microwaves sequentially pass through the first medium, the second medium, the third medium and the fourth medium to complete the input of the microwaves, and then sequentially pass through the third medium, the second medium and the first medium to complete the output of the microwaves; the microwave absorbs and filters unnecessary frequency wave bands successively in the transmission process, and the required microwave is selected to be left, so that the microwave is filtered; in the transmission process, the microwave which penetrates through the lens filter is focused at the focus position of the convex lens by utilizing the focusing principle of the convex lens, so that the signal energy is enhanced.
The filtering method of microwave lens filter is characterized by that according to the microwave frequency to be passed through, the parameters of conductive geometric structure layer and air layer correspondent to the lens filter are configured so as to obtain the required equivalent dielectric constant and magnetic conductivity, and the microwave regulation can be implemented by means of lens filter so as to implement absorption and filtration of noise wave to implement complete filtering of selected microwave frequency.
The filtering method of the microwave lens filter comprises the following specific steps of: when the microwave passes through the lens filter, the required frequency is selected according to the requirement, noise waves outside the central frequency are absorbed and filtered, and the selected microwave is focused to one point by utilizing the focusing principle of the lens, and meanwhile, the function of enhancing energy and signals is achieved.
The filtering method of the microwave lens filter comprises the following specific processes: when the microwaves irradiate the lens filter, the microwaves sequentially pass through the first medium, the second medium, the third medium and the fourth medium to complete the input of the microwaves, and then sequentially pass through the third medium, the second medium and the first medium to complete the output of the microwaves; the microwave absorbs and filters unnecessary frequency wave bands successively in the transmission process, and the required microwave is selected to be left, so that the microwave is filtered; in the transmission process, the microwave which penetrates through the lens filter is focused at the focus position of the convex lens by utilizing the focusing principle of the convex lens, so that the signal energy is enhanced.
Has the advantages that:
the microwave lens filter is simple in structural design, the first medium A, the second medium B, the third medium C and the fourth medium D are all wave-absorbing metamaterials, and the electromagnetic performance of the wave-absorbing metamaterials is mainly determined by factors such as the structural shapes, the sizes and the arrangement modes of the layers of the conductive geometric structures and the air layers, so that the refractive index, electromagnetic stealth, perfect wave absorption, wave transmission performance improvement, polarization control and the like can be changed by changing the corresponding structural shapes, the sizes and the arrangement modes of the layers of the wave-absorbing metamaterials.
The filtering method of the microwave lens filter is reasonable in concept, the required equivalent dielectric constant and magnetic conductivity are obtained by configuring the parameters of the conductive geometric structure layer and the air layer corresponding to the wave-absorbing metamaterial, and in the transmission process, the focusing principle of the convex lens is utilized to focus the microwave penetrating through the lens filter at the focus position of the microwave, so that the signal energy is enhanced; the clutter is absorbed by adjusting the microwaves, the filtering effect of the clutter is realized, and the filtering effect of 100% on the selected microwave frequency is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a microwave lens filter according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the filtering of the microwave lens filter of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in FIG. 1, the microwave lens filter of the present invention is composed of four different media stacked in a certain order to form a convex lens structure; specifically, the medium includes a first medium a, a second medium B, a third medium C, and a fourth medium D.
The fourth medium D is positioned in the middle of the filter, namely the microwave lens filter takes the fourth medium D as the center, and the first medium A, the second medium B and the third medium C are superposed on the two sides of the fourth medium D layer by layer from outside to inside; the first medium A, the second medium B and the third medium C on two sides of the fourth medium D are symmetrically distributed, the inner side surfaces of the first medium A, the second medium B and the third medium C are of concave arc surface structures, and the outer side surfaces of the first medium A, the second medium B and the third medium C are of convex arc surface structures. The radians or radiuses of the first medium A, the second medium B and the third medium C are determined according to wave frequencies which need to be filtered actually, actual magnetic permeability and dielectric constant of the wave-absorbing material and other factors.
The first medium A, the second medium B, the third medium C and the fourth medium D are all wave-absorbing metamaterials.
The first medium A has a refractive index nAThickness a ═ λ/4nA。
The second medium B has a refractive index nBThickness b ═ λ/4nB。
The refractive index of the third medium C is nCThickness c ═ λ/4nC。
The thickness of the fourth medium D is D ═ C/2 Δ f, where D is the thickness of the fourth medium D, C is the speed of light in vacuum, and Δ f is the microwave frequency spacing of the filter.
The wave-absorbing metamaterial can be but is not limited to wave-absorbing rubber, wave-absorbing sponge, wave-absorbing coating, ferrite wave-absorbing material or nano material, electrochromic material, polycrystalline iron fiber, chiral material, conductive high polymer, circuit simulation material, electromagnetic metamaterial and other novel materials, and the specific parameters are determined according to actual conditions.
The wave-absorbing metamaterial comprises a conductive geometric structure layer and an air layer; the electromagnetic performance of the wave-absorbing metamaterial is mainly determined by factors such as the structural shapes, the sizes of the conductive geometric structures and the air layers, the arrangement modes among the layers and the like, and the refractive index, the electromagnetic stealth, the perfect wave absorption, the wave transmission performance improvement, the polarization control and the like can be realized by changing the corresponding structural shapes, sizes and arrangement modes among the layers; and configuring parameters of a corresponding conductive geometric structure layer and an air layer to obtain the required equivalent dielectric constant and magnetic conductivity, realize the adjustment of the microwave, complete the absorption of the clutter and realize the filtering action of the microwave.
The wave absorbing mechanism of the wave absorbing metamaterial is as follows: in the resonance and anti-resonance areas, the imaginary parts of the complex permittivity and complex permeability of the loss characteristic of the marker material also reach a peak value, which means that the metamaterial can show strong absorption characteristics for electromagnetic waves. The wave absorber can be divided into a metamaterial wave absorber based on electromagnetic resonance and a metamaterial wave absorber based on circuit resonance according to a loss mechanism.
As shown in fig. 2, the filtering process of the microwave lens filter of the present invention is as follows:
when the microwave irradiates the microwave lens filter, the microwave sequentially passes through the first medium A, the second medium B, the third medium C and the fourth medium D to complete the input of the microwave, and then sequentially passes through the third medium C, the second medium B and the first medium A to complete the output of the microwave; the microwave absorbs and filters unnecessary frequency wave bands successively in the transmission process, and the required microwave is selected to be left, so that the microwave is filtered; in the transmission process, the microwave which penetrates through the microwave lens filter is focused at the focus position of the microwave lens filter by utilizing the focusing principle of the convex lens, so that the signal energy is enhanced.
The filtering method of the microwave lens filter is based on the microwave lens filter, and is characterized in that parameters of a conductive geometric structure layer and an air layer corresponding to the lens filter are configured according to the microwave frequency required to be transmitted, so that the required equivalent dielectric constant and magnetic conductivity are obtained, the adjustment of the microwave is realized through the lens filter, the absorption and the filtration of noise waves are completed, and the complete filtering of the selected microwave frequency is realized.
The implementation of microwave adjustment by the lens filter is specifically as follows: when the microwave passes through the lens filter, the required frequency is selected according to the requirement, noise waves outside the central frequency are absorbed and filtered, and the selected microwave is focused to one point by utilizing the focusing principle of the lens, thereby playing the role of enhancing energy and signals.
The specific process of the filtering method of the microwave lens filter of the invention is as follows:
when the microwave irradiates the microwave lens filter, the microwave sequentially passes through the first medium A, the second medium B, the third medium C and the fourth medium D to complete the input of the microwave, and then sequentially passes through the third medium C, the second medium B and the first medium A to complete the output of the microwave; the microwave absorbs and filters unnecessary frequency wave bands successively in the transmission process, and the required microwave is selected to be left, so that the microwave is filtered; in the transmission process, the microwave which penetrates through the microwave lens filter is focused at the focus position of the microwave lens filter by utilizing the focusing principle of the convex lens, so that the signal energy is enhanced.
The microwave lens filter has reasonable concept and simple structural design, can realize the adjustment of microwave, complete the absorption of clutter, realize the filtering effect of the clutter and realize the filtering effect of 100 percent on the selected microwave frequency.
Claims (7)
1. A microwave lens filter, characterized by: the lens filter is in a convex lens structure form formed by overlapping a first medium (A), a second medium (B), a third medium (C) and a fourth medium (D) in a certain sequence;
the first medium (A), the second medium (B), the third medium (C) and the fourth medium (D) are all wave-absorbing metamaterials;
the fourth medium (D) is positioned in the middle of the filter, and the first medium (A), the second medium (B) and the third medium (C) are superposed on two opposite side surfaces of the fourth medium (D) layer by layer from outside to inside;
the first medium (A), the second medium (B) and the third medium (C) which are positioned on two opposite side surfaces of the fourth medium (D) are symmetrically distributed, the inner side surfaces of the first medium (A), the second medium (B) and the third medium (C) are of concave arc surface structures, and the outer side surfaces of the first medium (A), the second medium (B) and the third medium (C) are of convex arc surface structures.
2. A microwave lens filter as defined in claim 1, wherein: the refractive index of the first medium (A) is nAThickness a ═ λ/4nA；
The refractive index of the second medium (B) is nBThickness b ═ λ/4nB；
The refractive index of the third medium (C) is nCThickness c ═ λ/4nC。
3. A microwave lens filter as defined in claim 1, wherein: the thickness D of the fourth medium (D) is C/2 Δ f, where D is the thickness of the fourth medium (D), C is the speed of light in vacuum, and Δ f is the microwave frequency spacing of the filter.
4. A microwave lens filter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filtering process of the lens filter is: when the microwaves irradiate the lens filter, the microwaves sequentially pass through the first medium (A), the second medium (B), the third medium (C) and the fourth medium (D) to complete input of the microwaves, and then sequentially pass through the third medium (C), the second medium (B) and the first medium (A) to complete output of the microwaves; the microwave absorbs and filters unnecessary frequency wave bands successively in the transmission process, and the required microwave is selected to be left, so that the microwave is filtered; in the transmission process, the microwave which penetrates through the lens filter is focused at the focus position of the convex lens by utilizing the focusing principle of the convex lens, so that the signal energy is enhanced.
5. A filtering method based on a microwave lens filter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, according to the microwave frequency to be transmitted, the parameters of the corresponding conductive geometric structure layer and air layer of the lens filter are configured to obtain the required equivalent dielectric constant and permeability, the microwave adjustment is realized through the lens filter, and the absorption and filtering of noise waves are completed to realize complete filtering for the selected microwave frequency.
6. The filtering method of a microwave lens filter according to claim 5, wherein the lens filter implements microwave adjustment specifically by: when the microwave passes through the lens filter, the required frequency is selected according to the requirement, noise waves outside the central frequency are absorbed and filtered, and the selected microwave is focused to one point by utilizing the focusing principle of the lens, and meanwhile, the function of enhancing energy and signals is achieved.
7. A method of filtering a microwave lens filter according to claim 5, wherein: the specific process of the filtering method is as follows: when the microwaves irradiate the lens filter, the microwaves sequentially pass through the first medium (A), the second medium (B), the third medium (C) and the fourth medium (D) to complete input of the microwaves, and then sequentially pass through the third medium (C), the second medium (B) and the first medium (A) to complete output of the microwaves; the microwave absorbs and filters unnecessary frequency wave bands successively in the transmission process, and the required microwave is selected to be left, so that the microwave is filtered; in the transmission process, the microwave which penetrates through the lens filter is focused at the focus position of the convex lens by utilizing the focusing principle of the convex lens, so that the signal energy is enhanced.
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