CN108363067B - Standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system and use method - Google Patents
Standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108363067B CN108363067B CN201810346311.1A CN201810346311A CN108363067B CN 108363067 B CN108363067 B CN 108363067B CN 201810346311 A CN201810346311 A CN 201810346311A CN 108363067 B CN108363067 B CN 108363067B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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Abstract
The invention aims to solve the problem of improving the high laser measurement precision of total station instruments. The standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system comprises a total station instrument and a laser displacement sensor, wherein the laser displacement sensor is vertically and downwards arranged at the center of a total station instrument base, the standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system is characterized by also comprising a laser reflection cap, the reflection cap is in a table shape, four mark vertical lines symmetrically distributed along the center of the reflection cap are arranged on the side face of the reflection cap, the upper surface of the reflection cap is a plane, the lower surface of the reflection cap is a spherical surface, the spherical surface curvature of the reflection cap is equal to that of the upper surface of a measurement mark, when the laser measurement instrument is high, the reflection cap covers the spherical surface protrusion of the measurement mark, and the four mark vertical lines are aligned with the edges of a cross groove-shaped centering mark on the spherical surface protrusion of the measurement mark. The system has the beneficial effects that: 1. the groove at the centering mark on the measuring mark is covered by the laser reflection cap, so that errors brought by the laser reflection cap to laser ranging are eliminated; 2. the laser reflection cap is simple in leveling, the upper surface is a plane, and the laser ranging precision is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to measurement of total station instrument height.
Background
The instrument height is the plumb distance from the ground measurement control point of the total station to the center point of the instrument dial. The high precision of the total station instrument directly determines the precision of the elevation of the to-be-measured coordinates and the measurement of the elevation of the triangle, and the influence on the whole measurement precision is great.
(1) Measuring method for steel tape
The most traditional instrument height measurement method. The instrument height is the plumb distance from the measuring control point to the center of the instrument dial, the direct measurement is error because of the relation of not being the plane, and the measuring accuracy of the steel tape is not high.
(2) Suspension height measurement method
1. The total station is erected at a position far away from the measuring object, so that the vertical angle from the telescope of the measuring station to the suspension point is smaller than 45 degrees. Because the vertical angle is larger, the altitude difference calculated by the trigonometric function is larger. 2. The prism is set up at a datum point where the suspended point projects onto the ground. The line connecting the measuring station and the ground reference point preferably intersects the direction of the suspended measuring object perpendicularly. 3. And entering a suspension height measurement program of the total station, inputting the height of the prism, aiming the prism, pressing a measurement key, and observing the distance between the measuring station and the reference point prism. 4. And when the braking of the telescope in the vertical direction is released, the elevation point above the prism is aimed, and the instrument displays the height difference from the corresponding ground point to the elevation point along with the rotation of the vertical scale. The measuring method has complicated operation procedures, and errors mainly comprise laser ranging errors, trigonometric function errors and errors brought by the introduced prism.
(3) Laser measuring method
At present, a standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system is provided, a laser displacement sensor is vertically arranged below a total station base and is aligned with a measurement mark on the ground, and the total station instrument height can be conveniently and rapidly read. The important problem is that the error of millimeter level brought by the groove on the centering mark on the measuring mark to the laser ranging is ignored. This is because, 1, when the laser is centered, the laser center is shot into the groove, and the measured distance may go deep into the groove, not the distance to the surface of the top end of the measuring mark; 2. the inside of the groove and the periphery of the groove are uneven, so that the direction of laser reflected light is disordered, the intensity and quality of reflected light received by a laser receiving end are poor, and a great error is brought to laser ranging.
The measurement accuracy of the measurement method is millimeter level, and the method is not applicable to occasions requiring accurate instruments and high parameters. In order to meet the requirements of certain high-precision measurement occasions of elevations, a high-precision, simple and easy total station instrument high-measurement system and method are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of improving the high laser measurement precision of total station instruments.
The standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system comprises a total station instrument and a laser displacement sensor, wherein the laser displacement sensor is vertically and downwards arranged at the center of a total station instrument base, the standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system is characterized by also comprising a laser reflection cap, the reflection cap is in a table shape, four mark vertical lines symmetrically distributed along the center of the reflection cap are arranged on the side face of the reflection cap, the upper surface of the reflection cap is a plane, the lower surface of the reflection cap is a spherical surface, the spherical surface curvature of the reflection cap is equal to that of the upper surface of a measurement mark, when the laser measurement instrument is high, the reflection cap covers the spherical surface protrusion of the measurement mark, and the four mark vertical lines are aligned with the edges of a cross groove-shaped centering mark on the spherical surface protrusion of the measurement mark.
The laser of the laser displacement sensor is red visible light, and the laser displacement sensor also serves as a laser centralizer and is connected with the total station host through a data line.
The upper surface of the laser reflection cap is made of white ceramic, and the body material is a permanent magnet.
The laser reflection cap material is white ceramic.
The using method of the system is as follows:
a. after the total station is leveled, a laser displacement sensor is turned on, and a centering mark on a measuring mark is aimed for centering;
b. after centering, covering the laser reflection cap on the spherical protrusion of the measurement mark, aligning four vertical mark lines with the edges of the cross groove centering mark on the spherical protrusion of the measurement mark, and finishing the leveling of the laser reflection cap;
c. and reading the instrument height measured by the laser displacement sensor on the total station, wherein the instrument height needs to be added with the thickness of the laser reflection cap and the height from the laser displacement sensor to the center of the dial of the total station, and the two parts of the heights are the fixed length of the equipment.
The system is not only suitable for total stations, but also can be used for leveling instruments, GPS instruments, prisms and other instruments needing to measure the height, and has the following beneficial effects:
1. the groove at the centering mark on the measuring mark is covered by the laser reflection cap, so that errors brought by the laser reflection cap to laser ranging are eliminated;
2. the laser reflection cap is simple in leveling, after four vertical mark lines on the reflection cap are aligned with the edges of the cross groove-shaped centering marks on the spherical protrusions of the measurement marks, the upper surface of the reflection cap is leveled, and meanwhile, the upper surface of the reflection cap is a plane which is the same as the standard plane set when the laser displacement sensor leaves a factory, so that the laser ranging precision is ensured;
3. the upper surface of the laser reflection cap is made of white ceramic, and is the same as the standard surface material set when the laser displacement sensor leaves the factory, so that the laser ranging precision can be ensured;
4. the laser reflection cap body material is a permanent magnet which has attraction to the steel measurement mark, and when the laser reflection cap deflects, the laser reflection cap body material is also tightly contacted with the upper surface of the measurement mark, so that operation errors are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of a laser displacement sensor;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of a measurement tag;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the laser reflection cap of example 1;
fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the laser reflection cap in example 2.
In the figure: 1. total station, 2, laser displacement sensor, 3, total station base, 4, laser reflection cap, 5, measurement mark, 6, mark vertical line, 7, cross recess shape centering mark, 8, white ceramic, 9, permanent magnet.
Detailed Description
Example 1
1-3, the standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system comprises a total station instrument and a laser displacement sensor, wherein the laser displacement sensor is vertically and downwards arranged at the center of a total station instrument base, the laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system is characterized by further comprising a laser reflection cap which is in a table shape, four mark vertical lines symmetrically distributed along the center of the laser reflection cap are arranged on the side face, the upper surface of the laser reflection cap is a plane, the lower surface of the laser reflection cap is a spherical surface, the spherical surface curvature of the laser reflection cap is equal to that of the upper surface of a measurement mark, when the laser measuring instrument is high, the reflection cap covers the spherical surface bulge of the measurement mark, and the four mark vertical lines are aligned with the edges of a cross groove-shaped centering mark on the spherical bulge of the measurement mark.
The laser of the laser displacement sensor is red visible light, and the laser displacement sensor also serves as a laser centralizer and is connected with the total station host through a data line.
As shown in fig. 4, the upper surface of the laser reflection cap is made of white ceramic, and the body material is a permanent magnet.
The using method of the system is as follows:
a. after the total station is leveled, a laser displacement sensor is turned on, and a centering mark on a measuring mark is aimed for centering;
b. after centering, covering the laser reflection cap on the spherical protrusion of the measurement mark, aligning four vertical mark lines with the edges of the cross groove centering mark on the spherical protrusion of the measurement mark, and finishing the leveling of the laser reflection cap;
c. and reading the instrument height measured by the laser displacement sensor on the total station, wherein the instrument height needs to be added with the thickness of the laser reflection cap and the height from the laser displacement sensor to the center of the dial of the total station, and the two parts of the heights are the fixed length of the equipment.
Example 2
1-3, the standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system comprises a total station instrument and a laser displacement sensor, wherein the laser displacement sensor is vertically and downwards arranged at the center of a total station instrument base, the laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system is characterized by further comprising a laser reflection cap which is in a table shape, four mark vertical lines symmetrically distributed along the center of the laser reflection cap are arranged on the side face, the upper surface of the laser reflection cap is a plane, the lower surface of the laser reflection cap is a spherical surface, the spherical surface curvature of the laser reflection cap is equal to that of the upper surface of a measurement mark, when the laser measuring instrument is high, the reflection cap covers the spherical surface bulge of the measurement mark, and the four mark vertical lines are aligned with the edges of a cross groove-shaped centering mark on the spherical bulge of the measurement mark.
The laser of the laser displacement sensor is red visible light, and the laser displacement sensor also serves as a laser centralizer and is connected with the total station host through a data line.
As shown in fig. 5, the laser reflection cap material is white ceramic.
The using method of the system is as follows:
a. after the total station is leveled, a laser displacement sensor is turned on, and a centering mark on a measuring mark is aimed for centering;
b. after centering, covering the laser reflection cap on the spherical protrusion of the measurement mark, aligning four vertical mark lines with the edges of the cross groove centering mark on the spherical protrusion of the measurement mark, and finishing the leveling of the laser reflection cap;
c. and reading the instrument height measured by the laser displacement sensor on the total station, wherein the instrument height needs to be added with the thickness of the laser reflection cap and the height from the laser displacement sensor to the center of the dial of the total station, and the two parts of the heights are the fixed length of the equipment.
Claims (3)
1. The standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system comprises a total station instrument and a laser displacement sensor, wherein the laser displacement sensor is vertically and downwards arranged at the center of a total station instrument base, the standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system is characterized by also comprising a laser reflection cap, the reflection cap is in a table shape, four mark vertical lines symmetrically distributed along the center of the reflection cap are arranged on the side surface of the reflection cap, the upper surface of the reflection cap is a plane, the lower surface of the reflection cap is a sphere, the sphere curvature of the reflection cap is equal to the sphere curvature of the upper surface of a measurement mark, when the laser measuring instrument is high, the reflection cap covers the sphere protrusion of the measurement mark, the four mark vertical lines are aligned with the edges of a cross groove-shaped centering mark on the sphere protrusion of the measurement mark,
the laser of the laser displacement sensor is red visible light, the laser displacement sensor also serves as a laser centralizer, is connected with the total station host machine through a data line,
the upper surface of the laser reflection cap is made of white ceramic, and the body material is a permanent magnet.
2. The standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system of claim 1, wherein the laser reflection cap material is white ceramic.
3. The standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the use method of the system is as follows:
a. after the total station is leveled, a laser displacement sensor is turned on, and a centering mark on a measuring mark is aimed for centering;
b. after centering, covering the laser reflection cap on the spherical protrusion of the measurement mark, aligning four vertical mark lines with the edges of the cross groove centering mark on the spherical protrusion of the measurement mark, and finishing the leveling of the laser reflection cap;
c. and reading the instrument height measured by the laser displacement sensor on the total station, wherein the instrument height needs to be added with the thickness of the laser reflection cap and the height from the laser displacement sensor to the center of the dial of the total station, and the two parts of the heights are the fixed length of the equipment.
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| CN201810346311.1A CN108363067B (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2018-04-18 | Standard plane laser ranging total station instrument height measurement system and use method |
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| CN108363067B true CN108363067B (en) | 2023-04-25 |
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Citations (7)
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| CN203148424U (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-08-21 | 罗江临 | Total station with function of automatic measuring of height of total station |
| CN105865426A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-08-17 | 河南理工大学 | Automatic centering and measuring total station |
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| CN206281484U (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-06-27 | 西安科技大学 | High precision total station instrument height measurement system |
| CN206514857U (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-09-22 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of total powerstation with instrument height real―time precision measurment function |
| CN206601128U (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-10-31 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of spirit level with high precision instrument high measurement function |
| CN207992451U (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-10-19 | 湖南科技大学 | Index plane laser ranging total powerstation instrument height measuring system |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009100774A1 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-20 | Trimble Ab | Localizing a surveying instrument in relation to a ground mark |
| EP3264034B1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2020-02-26 | Leica Geosystems AG | Measuring device with height measurement system and method for measuring a height |
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- 2018-04-18 CN CN201810346311.1A patent/CN108363067B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203148424U (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-08-21 | 罗江临 | Total station with function of automatic measuring of height of total station |
| CN105865426A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-08-17 | 河南理工大学 | Automatic centering and measuring total station |
| CN106289078A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2017-01-04 | 余代俊 | A kind of total powerstation instrument high measurement method |
| CN206281484U (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-06-27 | 西安科技大学 | High precision total station instrument height measurement system |
| CN206514857U (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-09-22 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of total powerstation with instrument height real―time precision measurment function |
| CN206601128U (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-10-31 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of spirit level with high precision instrument high measurement function |
| CN207992451U (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-10-19 | 湖南科技大学 | Index plane laser ranging total powerstation instrument height measuring system |
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