CN108344987B - Numerical value calculation-based method for multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar frequency domain function - Google Patents

Numerical value calculation-based method for multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar frequency domain function Download PDF

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CN108344987B
CN108344987B CN201810008390.5A CN201810008390A CN108344987B CN 108344987 B CN108344987 B CN 108344987B CN 201810008390 A CN201810008390 A CN 201810008390A CN 108344987 B CN108344987 B CN 108344987B
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azimuth
phase
frequency domain
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CN108344987A (en
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张学波
杨沛萱
谭程
方标
肖军
杨博
代勋韬
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Chinese People's Liberation Army 91388
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar frequency domain system function based on a numerical calculation method, which comprises the following steps: s1, calculating a phase dwell point by using a numerical calculation method; s2, calculating a two-dimensional frequency domain system function by using the phase dwell point obtained by the numerical calculation method; s3, calculating an azimuth pulse pressure dwell point for azimuth matched filtering by using a numerical calculation method; s4, calculating the phase of the azimuth matched filter function according to the azimuth pulse pressure dwell point; and S5, calculating the two-dimensional coupling phase according to the two-dimensional frequency domain system function and the azimuth matching filter function. The method effectively solves the problem of approximation of the frequency domain system function of the traditional multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar, and improves the precision of the multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar system function and the synthetic aperture imaging quality. The method is beneficial to improving the image quality, and can replace a time domain imaging algorithm to quickly evaluate the performance of other imaging algorithms.

Description

Numerical value calculation-based method for multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar frequency domain function
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of signal processing, and particularly relates to a numerical calculation-based method for a multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar frequency domain function.
Background
Considering multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar imaging as the inverse process of a linear system, the construction of frequency domain system functions is crucial to fast imaging. The multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar system comprises two single-pass slant-distance histories with root signs, so that an analytic and accurate frequency domain system function is difficult to calculate by an algebraic method. Traditional fast imaging algorithms are based on the approximation of a precise system function, which results in imaging performance limited by the approximation of the approximated system function to the precise system function. And the high-precision system function is not only beneficial to improving the image quality, but also beneficial to rapidly evaluating the performance of other imaging algorithms.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to avoid the approximation problem of frequency domain system functions in the existing method, and provides a numerical calculation-based method for the frequency domain functions of multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar, which can improve the precision of the frequency domain system functions of the multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the method for calculating the frequency domain function of the multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar based on the numerical value comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating a phase dwell point by using a numerical calculation method;
s2, calculating a two-dimensional frequency domain system function by using the phase dwell point obtained by the numerical calculation method;
s3, calculating an azimuth pulse pressure dwell point for azimuth matched filtering by using a numerical calculation method;
s4, calculating the phase of the azimuth matched filter function according to the azimuth pulse pressure dwell point;
and S5, calculating the two-dimensional coupling phase according to the two-dimensional frequency domain system function and the azimuth matching filter function.
As a further improvement, in the step S1, the phase dwell point is calculated by using a numerical calculation method
Figure GDA0003574373660000011
The expression is as follows:
Figure GDA0003574373660000012
wherein the subscript i (i ∈ [1, M ]]) An index representing the elements of the received array,m represents the number of receiving array elements in the receiving array;
Figure GDA0003574373660000021
representing the two-way slant distance process between the specific point target with the distance and the azimuth coordinate of (r,0) and each receiving and transmitting array element in the two-dimensional space;
Figure GDA0003574373660000022
representing a first partial derivative of the two-way slope history with respect to azimuth slow time; diRepresenting the distance between the ith receiving array element and the transmitting array element; r represents a distance; v represents the sonar carrier velocity; t represents the azimuth slow time.
Figure GDA0003574373660000023
Representing the phase dwell points obtained based on numerical calculation methods. f. ofτ、ftRespectively representing a range-direction instantaneous frequency and an azimuth Doppler frequency; f. ofcRepresents a carrier frequency; c represents the speed of underwater sound.
As a further improvement, in said step S2, a two-dimensional frequency domain system function Ψ is calculatedi(fτ,ft) The expression is as follows:
Figure GDA0003574373660000024
as a further improvement, in the step S3, the position pulse pressure dwell point for the position direction matching filtering is calculated by using a numerical calculation method
Figure GDA0003574373660000025
The expression of (2) is:
Figure GDA0003574373660000026
as a further improvement, in the step S4, the phase of the azimuth matched filter function is calculated
Figure GDA0003574373660000027
The expression is as follows:
Figure GDA0003574373660000028
as a further improvement, in the step S5, a two-dimensional coupling phase is calculated
Figure GDA0003574373660000029
The expression is as follows:
Figure GDA00035743736600000210
the invention provides a numerical calculation-based method for a multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar frequency domain function, which comprises the following steps of: s1, calculating a phase dwell point by using a numerical calculation method; s2, calculating a two-dimensional frequency domain system function by using the phase dwell point obtained by the numerical calculation method; s3, calculating an azimuth pulse pressure dwell point for azimuth matched filtering by using a numerical calculation method; s4, calculating the phase of the azimuth matched filter function according to the azimuth pulse pressure dwell point; and S5, calculating the two-dimensional coupling phase according to the two-dimensional frequency domain system function and the azimuth matching filter function. The invention effectively overcomes the approximation problem of the frequency domain system function of the traditional multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar, and improves the precision and the imaging quality of the multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar system function. The method is beneficial to improving the image quality, and can replace a time domain imaging algorithm to quickly evaluate the performance of other imaging algorithms.
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The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the invention, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of the following drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic calculation flow diagram of a method for calculating frequency domain functions of multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar based on numerical values.
Figure 2 is a two-dimensional imaging geometry for multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar.
Fig. 3 is an imaging result of a numerically computed frequency domain system function.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and it is to be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.
As shown in fig. 1, the implementation flow of the method for calculating the frequency domain function of the multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar based on numerical values in this embodiment mainly includes the following steps: calculating a phase dwell point by using a numerical calculation method; calculating a two-dimensional frequency domain system function by using the phase residence point obtained by the numerical calculation method; calculating an azimuth pulse pressure dwell point for azimuth matched filtering by using a numerical calculation method; calculating the phase of the azimuth matched filter function according to the azimuth pulse pressure dwell point; and calculating the two-dimensional coupling phase according to the two-dimensional frequency domain system function and the azimuth matching filter function. The method effectively solves the problem of approximation of the frequency domain system function of the traditional multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar, and improves the precision and the imaging quality of the multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar system function. The method is beneficial to improving the image quality, and can replace a time domain imaging algorithm to quickly evaluate the performance of other imaging algorithms.
Fig. 2 shows a two-dimensional imaging geometry of a multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar system, without loss of generality, assuming that an ideal point target exists in a two-dimensional space, and the azimuth coordinate of the ideal point target is 0 and the distance coordinate of the ideal point target is r. And in the process that the platform moves forwards at a constant speed v, the transmitting array elements transmit broadband signals irrelevant to the position to the front side view direction at a fixed pulse repetition frequency. According to the two-dimensional imaging geometric relationship, when time t passes, the azimuth coordinate of the transmitting array element is vt, and at the time, the ith receiving array element, the transmitting array element and the two-way slant range history R of the point targeti(t; r) is:
Figure GDA0003574373660000041
wherein the index i denotes the index of the receiving array element; r represents a distance; t represents the azimuth slow time; diRepresenting the distance between the ith receiving array element and the transmitting array element; c represents the speed of underwater sound.
The derivative of the two-way ramp history with respect to azimuth to slow time t is:
Figure GDA0003574373660000042
according to the numerical calculation method, the phase dwell point can be obtained
Figure GDA0003574373660000043
The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0003574373660000044
wherein f isτ、ftRespectively representing a range-direction instantaneous frequency and an azimuth Doppler frequency; f. ofcRepresenting the carrier frequency.
Based on the numerically calculated phase dwell, the two-dimensional frequency domain system function can be expressed as:
Figure GDA0003574373660000045
based on a numerical calculation method, the position pulse pressure dwell point for the position direction matched filtering can be calculated
Figure GDA0003574373660000046
The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0003574373660000047
according to the position pulse pressure dwell point, the phase function for the position matching filtering can be obtained as follows:
Figure GDA0003574373660000051
according to the two-dimensional frequency domain system function and the azimuth matching filter function, the two-dimensional coupling phase between the azimuth and the distance can be obtained, namely:
Figure GDA0003574373660000052
the frequency domain system function of the multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar can be obtained after the processing according to the steps, the target can be imaged by using a distance direction blocking imaging algorithm and based on the numerically calculated frequency domain system function, and the imaging result is shown in fig. 3.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (1)

1. The method for calculating the frequency domain function of the multi-subarray synthetic aperture sonar based on the numerical value is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, calculating a phase dwell point by using a numerical calculation method, wherein the expression is as follows:
Figure FDA0003613593480000011
wherein
Figure FDA0003613593480000012
Representing the derivative of the two-way slope course with respect to the azimuth slow time t at the phase dwell point
Figure FDA0003613593480000013
Taking the value of (A);
Figure FDA0003613593480000014
representing the double-range slope course between the ith receiving array element, the transmitting array element and the target, wherein the double-range slope course is the phase dwell point
Figure FDA0003613593480000015
A function of (a); subscript i (i e [1, M ]]) An index representing a received array element; m represents the number of receiving array elements in the receiving array;
Figure FDA0003613593480000016
representing the two-way slant distance course between the specific point target with the distance and the azimuth coordinate (r,0) and each receiving and transmitting array element in the two-dimensional space; r isi(t; r) represents the double-pass slant range process between the ith receiving array element, the transmitting array element and the point target;
Figure FDA0003613593480000017
representing a first partial derivative of the two-way slope history with respect to azimuth slow time; diRepresenting the distance between the ith receiving array element and the transmitting array element; r represents a distance; v represents the sonar carrier velocity; t represents the azimuth slow time;
Figure FDA0003613593480000018
representing phase stagnation points obtained based on a numerical calculation method; f. ofτ、ftRespectively representing a range-direction instantaneous frequency and an azimuth Doppler frequency; f. ofcRepresents a carrier frequency; c represents the acoustic speed of sound;
s2, calculating two-dimensional frequency domain system function by using phase dwell point obtained by numerical calculation methodΨi(fτ,ft) The expression is as follows:
Figure FDA0003613593480000019
s3, calculating the position pulse pressure dwell point for the position-direction matched filtering by using a numerical calculation method
Figure FDA00036135934800000110
The expression of (2) is:
Figure FDA0003613593480000021
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003613593480000022
the derivative of the double-range slope distance process with respect to the azimuth slow time t at the dwell point of the azimuth pulse pressure is shown
Figure FDA0003613593480000023
Taking the value of (1);
Figure FDA0003613593480000024
representing the double-range slope course between the ith receiving array element, the transmitting array element and the target, wherein the double-range slope course is the position pulse pressure dwell point
Figure FDA0003613593480000025
A function of (a);
s4, calculating the phase of the azimuth matched filter function according to the azimuth pulse pressure dwell point
Figure FDA0003613593480000026
The expression is as follows:
Figure FDA0003613593480000027
s5, calculating two-dimensional coupling phase according to the two-dimensional frequency domain system function and the phase of the azimuth matching filter function
Figure FDA0003613593480000028
The expression is as follows:
Figure FDA0003613593480000029
therein, Ψi(fτ,ft(ii) a r) represents a two-dimensional frequency domain system function calculated based on the phase dwell points obtained by the numerical calculation method, the system function being a function of range-wise instantaneous frequency, azimuth-wise doppler frequency domain and range;
Figure FDA00036135934800000210
indicating the azimuth matched filter function phase calculated based on the azimuth pulse pressure dwell point, which is a function of azimuth doppler frequency and range.
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