CN108305220A - A kind of Airborne IR degraded image bearing calibration - Google Patents
A kind of Airborne IR degraded image bearing calibration Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Include that one-dimensional signal component is obtained according to the target direction of ripple in Airborne IR degraded image the invention discloses a kind of Airborne IR degraded image bearing calibration；Discrete Fourier transform is carried out to one-dimensional signal component, obtains frequency data sequence, amplitude frequency spectrum sequence and phase frequency spectrum sequence are obtained according to frequency data sequence, construct cosinusoidal component；All one-dimensional signal components for arranging either all rows subtract the cosinusoidal component of respective column or corresponding row in Airborne IR degraded image, obtain the Airborne IR degraded image after removal ripple；The Airborne IR degraded image after removal ripple is enhanced using histogram projection enhancing, the Airborne IR degraded image corrected.By removing the ripple in image and enhancing image, it can effectively enhance picture quality, improve the follow-up advanced application of the image data.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to astronautics and airborne remote sensing fields, more particularly, to a kind of Airborne IR degraded image bearing calibration.
Background technology
Airborne imaging bad environments, Image-forming instrument are frequently subjected to the influences such as electromagnetic interference and high-frequency physical vibration so that figure
Occurs the ripple with some cycles as in, the gray value that initial data occurs in a certain direction is continuous higher or relatively low
Phenomenon.The gray scale interval of infrared image is wide, and the available gray-scale section very little of real image, is extremely difficult to the maximum of Image-forming instrument
Ability, therefore often contrast is very poor for image, area-of-interest and target and background difference unobvious.Waviness phenomena masks figure
The true radiation information as in, low contrast then further reduced the quality of image, adverse effect caused to subsequent applications.
For the PERIODIC INTERFERENCE in image, common method is to be based on two-dimension fourier transform, and image is transformed to frequency
Domain space switches back to come again after removing high frequency.It is this go stripe method processing Airborne IR degraded image major defect be,
It is periodically only occurred in possessed by waviness phenomena in image in a dimension, if using the mode of two-dimension fourier transform
High-frequency noise is removed, can image be thickened.In addition, when going stripe method to be removed waviness phenomena using other,
Although ripple visually can be removed effectively, have the following defects：Ripple noise is reflected into a certain extent
As certain performances of instrument itself, existing method cannot carry out ripple noise itself quantitative description and analysis；When in image
When having contained high value object of interest and target, two-dimension fourier transform method and existing go stripe method in removal ripple
Meanwhile fuzzy and interference can be also generated to target, so that original and its finite sum preciousness target information is further cut
It is weak.
It can be seen that the prior art there is technical issues that be easy to make image to obscure, be easy to cause ringing.
Invention content
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of corrections of Airborne IR degraded image
Thus method solves the prior art and there is technical issues that be easy to make image to obscure, be easy to cause ringing.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of Airborne IR degraded image bearing calibrations, including：
(1) according to the target direction of ripple in Airborne IR degraded image, obtain each row of Airborne IR degraded image or
One-dimensional signal component of the person per a line；
(2) discrete Fourier transform is carried out to one-dimensional signal component, frequency data sequence is obtained, according to frequency data sequence
Amplitude frequency spectrum sequence and phase frequency spectrum sequence are obtained, amplitude frequency spectrum sequence and phase frequency spectrum sequence structure cosinusoidal component are utilized；
(3) all one-dimensional signal components for arranging either all rows subtract respective column or correspondence in Airborne IR degraded image
Capable cosinusoidal component obtains the Airborne IR degraded image after removal ripple；
(4) being enhanced using histogram projection enhances the Airborne IR degraded image after removal ripple, is corrected
Airborne IR degraded image.
Further, the target direction of ripple is line direction, column direction or tilted direction in Airborne IR degraded image.
Further, it when the target direction of ripple is line direction in Airborne IR degraded image, obtains Airborne IR and degenerates
The one-dimensional signal component of each row of image；When the target direction of ripple is column direction in Airborne IR degraded image, obtain airborne
One-dimensional signal component of the infrared degraded image per a line；When the target direction of ripple is tilted direction in Airborne IR degraded image,
When the target direction of ripple and line direction angle are less than it with column direction angle, each row of Airborne IR degraded image are obtained
One-dimensional signal component, conversely, then obtaining one-dimensional signal component of the Airborne IR degraded image per a line.
Further, the specific implementation of step (2) is：
Discrete Fourier transform is carried out to one-dimensional signal component, frequency data sequence is obtained, is obtained according to frequency data sequence
To amplitude frequency spectrum sequence and phase frequency spectrum sequence, the amplitude frequency for meeting cosinusoidal component structure condition is selected in amplitude frequency spectrum sequence
Spectrum, according to corresponding phase of the amplitude frequency spectrum in phase frequency spectrum sequence, amplitude frequency spectrum corresponding frequency in frequency data sequence
Rate and amplitude construct cosinusoidal component.
Further, cosinusoidal component structure condition is：
Wherein, AnTo meet the amplitude frequency spectrum that cosinusoidal component builds condition, n is the nth pixel in one-dimensional signal component
Point, N are the length of one-dimensional signal component, integers of the i between [- 3,3].
Further, cosinusoidal component is：
Akcos(2πFkt+Pk)
Wherein, FkFor amplitude frequency spectrum in frequency data sequence corresponding frequency, AkIt is amplitude frequency spectrum in frequency data sequence
In corresponding amplitude, PkThe corresponding phase for being amplitude frequency spectrum in phase frequency spectrum sequence, t indicate the moment.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect：
(1) present invention to each row of image using the ripple in Fourier analysis removal image in a column direction at
Point, it is fuzzy to solve the problems, such as that common Fourier denoising method is easy to generate image；The present invention first removes ripple again to image
Doing enhances, and solves the problems, such as that enhancing be easy to cause ringing after frequency domain processes image and is amplified.The present invention passes through
It removes the ripple in image and image is enhanced, can effectively enhance picture quality, improve the follow-up height of the image data
Grade application, such as detection, identification, tracking.
(2) when contain in image have high value object of interest and target when, using this method extract ripple noise, from frequency
The angle of rate will not generate any influence to target, so that original extremely limited valuable information is completely retained,
Simultaneously so that the follow-up specificity analysis reliability for target itself greatly improves.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of Airborne IR degraded image bearing calibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 (a) is the ripple noise for the Airborne IR degraded image that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 2 (b) is that the ripple done to Airborne IR degraded image after histogram projection that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides is made an uproar
Sound；
Fig. 3 is the Airborne IR degraded image one-dimensional signal component that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 4 is the amplitude frequency spectrum figure for the one-dimensional signal component that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 5 is the phase frequency spectrum figure for the one-dimensional signal component that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 6 is the cosinusoidal component that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 7 is the airborn infrared image that ripple noise is removed using the method for the present invention that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 8 is the removal ripple noise that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides and carries out enhanced airborn infrared image；
Fig. 9 (a) is the enhanced picture of Airborne IR degraded image that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 9 (b) is that the Airborne IR degraded image that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides removes the picture enhanced again after ripple.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
It does not constitute a conflict with each other and can be combined with each other.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention removes the ripple in image in column direction to each row of image using Fourier analysis
On ingredient, it is fuzzy to solve the problems, such as that common Fourier denoising method is easy to generate image；The present invention first removes ripple again
Being done to image enhances, and solves the problems, such as that enhancing be easy to cause ringing after frequency domain processes image and is amplified.This hair
Bright to provide a kind of bearing calibration of Airborne IR degraded image, this approach includes the following steps：
(1) the one-dimensional signal component for extracting a row or column in image carries by column if ripple target direction is line direction
It takes；If ripple target direction is column direction, extract line by line；If ripple target direction is tilted direction, when ripple target direction
When being less than it with column direction angle with line direction angle, it is line direction to be considered as ripple target direction, conversely, being then considered row side
To；
(2) remember that one-dimensional signal component is f (x), x=0,1 ..., N-1, length N in image；Direct computation of DFT is carried out to f
Leaf transformation obtains frequency data sequence F,
Wherein, u is frequency variable；N-th point of corresponding frequency is in sequence F
Wherein, FsFor sample frequency,Before taking sequence FA data construct corresponding amplitude frequency spectrum
Sequence A and phase frequency spectrum sequence P, if the value of nth data is in sequence F
an+bnI,
Then the value of nth data is in A
The value of nth data is in P
(3) amplitude frequency spectrum A is chosennCosinusoidal component is built, will be met
The amplitude frequency spectrum A of conditionnCorresponding frequency is denoted as Fk, AnCorresponding amplitude is denoted as Ak, in phase frequency spectrum sequence P
In corresponding phase be denoted as Pk, thus construct cosinusoidal component Akcos(2πFkt+Pk), the quantity of cosinusoidal component is denoted as Npeak；
If amplitude frequency spectrum A can not be selectednThen return to step (6)；
(4) signal f subtracts this NpeakA cosinusoidal component obtains the one-dimensional signal after removal ripple；
(5) step (1) is executed to all row or column in image and arrives step (4), complete to remove the ripple of entire image；
(6) image after removal ripple is enhanced using histogram projection Enhancement Method, what is corrected is airborne red
Outer image.Histogram projection Enhancement Method is that 0~255 tonal gradation is divided into N number of section, calculate grey level histogram when
It waits, if there is gray value on i-th of section, grey level histogram ith zone adds up to be 1；If do not had on i-th of section
There is gray value, then grey level histogram ith zone adds up to be 0.Then image enhancement is carried out according to cumulative distribution function.
Embodiment 1
A kind of bearing calibration of Airborne IR degraded image, this approach includes the following steps：
(1) Fig. 2 (a) is the ripple noise for the Airborne IR degraded image that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；Fig. 2 (b) is this hair
Ripple noise Airborne IR degraded image done after histogram projection that bright embodiment 1 provides；Airborne IR degraded image
Size is 256*256, the Banded improvement in Airborne IR degraded image be line direction, then to Airborne IR degraded image carry out by
Row extraction；
(2) gray value of a row pixel of extraction Airborne IR degraded image, forms one-dimensional signal f (x), x=0,
1 ..., N-1, as shown in figure 3, length is 256；Discrete Fourier transform is carried out to f, obtains frequency data sequence F,
Wherein, u is frequency variable；N-th point of corresponding frequency is in sequence F
Wherein, FsFor sample frequency,Preceding 132 data of F, construct corresponding amplitude frequency spectrum sequence
A and phase frequency spectrum sequence P, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, if the value of nth data is in sequence F
an+bnI,
Wherein, anFor the real part of nth data, bnFor the imaginary part of nth data；
Then the value of nth data is in A
The value of nth data is in P
(3) amplitude frequency spectrum A is chosennCosinusoidal component is built, will be met
The amplitude frequency spectrum A of conditionnCorresponding frequency is denoted as Fk, AnCorresponding amplitude is denoted as Ak, in phase frequency spectrum sequence P
In corresponding phase be denoted as Pk, thus construct cosinusoidal component Akcos(2πFkt+Pk), the quantity of cosinusoidal component is denoted as Npeak；
10th data of the amplitude frequency spectrum sequence obtained in analysis (2) amount to 120 data to the 129th data.Hair
Existing 13rd data meet condition
The corresponding frequency of the data is 7Hz；Find the amplitude and phase frequency spectrum in the corresponding amplitude frequency spectrum sequences of frequency 7Hz
Phase in sequence, respectively amplitude 1.2113, -2.6405 radian of phase, then it is as shown in Figure 6 to construct cosinusoidal component；
1.2113cos(2π7t-2.6405)
(4) the row signal subtracts cosine construction ingredient, obtains the signal component after removal ripple；
(5) step (1) is executed to all row or column in image and arrives step (4), remove all ripples in onboard image；It obtains
Removal ripple noise as shown in Figure 7 airborn infrared image；
The image after removal ripple is enhanced using histogram projection Enhancement Method, the Airborne IR figure corrected
Picture.Histogram projection Enhancement Method is that 0~255 tonal gradation is divided into N number of section, when calculating grey level histogram,
If there is gray value on i-th of section, grey level histogram ith zone adds up to be 1；If do not had on i-th of section
Gray value, then grey level histogram ith zone add up to be 0.Then image enhancement is carried out according to cumulative distribution function.It obtains such as figure
Ripple noise is removed shown in 8 and carries out enhanced airborn infrared image；
Fig. 9 (a) is the enhanced picture of Airborne IR degraded image that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；Fig. 9 (b) is this hair
The Airborne IR degraded image that bright embodiment 1 provides removes the picture enhanced again after ripple.It can be seen that the present invention is to the every of image
Ingredient of one row using the ripple in Fourier analysis removal image in a column direction, solves common Fourier denoising method appearance
Easily image is led to the problem of fuzzy；The present invention, which first removes ripple and done again to image, to be enhanced, and is solved to do image in frequency domain and be located
Enhancing be easy to cause the problem of ringing is amplified after reason.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention made by all any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Airborne IR degraded image bearing calibration, which is characterized in that including：
(1) according to the target direction of ripple in Airborne IR degraded image, Airborne IR degraded image each row or every are obtained
The one-dimensional signal component of a line；
(2) discrete Fourier transform is carried out to one-dimensional signal component, obtains frequency data sequence, is obtained according to frequency data sequence
Amplitude frequency spectrum sequence and phase frequency spectrum sequence utilize amplitude frequency spectrum sequence and phase frequency spectrum sequence structure cosinusoidal component；
(3) all one-dimensional signal components for arranging either all rows subtract respective column or correspond to row in Airborne IR degraded image
Cosinusoidal component obtains the Airborne IR degraded image after removal ripple；
(4) being enhanced using histogram projection enhances the Airborne IR degraded image after removal ripple, the machine corrected
Carry infrared degraded image.
2. a kind of Airborne IR degraded image bearing calibration as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the Airborne IR is moved back
The target direction for changing ripple in image is line direction, column direction or tilted direction.
3. a kind of Airborne IR degraded image bearing calibration as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the Airborne IR is moved back
When the target direction for changing ripple in image is line direction, the one-dimensional signal component of each row of Airborne IR degraded image is obtained；Machine
When the target direction for carrying ripple in infrared degraded image is column direction, one-dimensional signal of the Airborne IR degraded image per a line is obtained
Component；When the target direction of ripple is tilted direction in Airborne IR degraded image, when target direction and the line direction angle of ripple
When less than it with column direction angle, the one-dimensional signal component of each row of Airborne IR degraded image is obtained, conversely, then obtaining airborne
One-dimensional signal component of the infrared degraded image per a line.
4. a kind of Airborne IR degraded image bearing calibration as described in any one of claims 1-3, which is characterized in that the step
(2) specific implementation is：
Discrete Fourier transform is carried out to one-dimensional signal component, frequency data sequence is obtained, width is obtained according to frequency data sequence
It is worth spectrum sequence and phase frequency spectrum sequence, the amplitude frequency spectrum for meeting cosinusoidal component structure condition is selected in amplitude frequency spectrum sequence,
According to corresponding phase of the amplitude frequency spectrum in phase frequency spectrum sequence, amplitude frequency spectrum in frequency data sequence corresponding frequency and
Amplitude constructs cosinusoidal component.
5. a kind of Airborne IR degraded image bearing calibration as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the cosinusoidal component structure
The condition of building is：
Wherein, AnTo meet the amplitude frequency spectrum that cosinusoidal component builds condition, n is the nth pixel point in one-dimensional signal component, and N is
The length of one-dimensional signal component, integers of the i between [- 3,3].
6. a kind of Airborne IR degraded image bearing calibration as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the cosinusoidal component
For：
Akcos(2πFkt+Pk)
Wherein, FkFor amplitude frequency spectrum in frequency data sequence corresponding frequency, AkIt is right in frequency data sequence for amplitude frequency spectrum
The amplitude answered, PkThe corresponding phase for being amplitude frequency spectrum in phase frequency spectrum sequence, t indicate the moment.
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