CN108299119A - A kind of charcoal organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of charcoal organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108299119A CN108299119A CN201710019471.0A CN201710019471A CN108299119A CN 108299119 A CN108299119 A CN 108299119A CN 201710019471 A CN201710019471 A CN 201710019471A CN 108299119 A CN108299119 A CN 108299119A
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- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- organic fertilizer
- charcoal
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- powdered carbon
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of charcoal organic fertilizers and preparation method thereof.The charcoal organic fertilizer includes biological 20 40 parts of powdered carbon, 50 70 parts of organic fertilizer, 5 10 parts of composite fertilizer.The utilization rate of fertilizer and the stability of fertilizer quality both can be improved after the charcoal organic fertilizer application, improve ecological environment of soil, can effectively reduce N, P, K element soil leaching loss, the problem of environmental pollution that current organic waste combustion zone comes can be solved simultaneously, turn waste into wealth, and meet environmental requirement, there is good application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers more particularly to a kind of carbonizing agricultural organic waste to generate charcoal, and
The charcoal organic fertilizer product containing a great number of elements is formed using charcoal component.
Background technology
20.25 hundred million mu of China's cultivated area, is large agricultural country.Raising grain yield is excessively emphasized in agricultural production at present, greatly
The chemical fertilizer of amount puts into agricultural production.Excessively applying chemical fertilizer also easily causes to destroy soil, and the soil organism is caused to contain
Amount declines, the imbalance of all kinds of nutrients ratios, and soil starts acidification, hardened, the physicochemical character of soil and soil microflora by
It is serious to destroy, lead to its water conservation, fertilizer conservation, poor air permeability, it is difficult to meet the practical growth needs of crops.These excessive chemistry
Fertilizer not only effectively cannot be absorbed and be utilized, and also a large portion enters water body and causes serious agricultural area source dirty
Dye.
China's agricultural production and life in the countryside generate a large amount of biomass castoffs, and recycling treatment pressure increasingly increases.I
State's agricultural crop straw quantity is big, type is more, distribution is wide.According to statistics, it is about 700,000,000 t that all kinds of stalks in 2010, which collect amount, comprehensive profit
Account for about the 73% of national total amount wherein 13 major grain producing areas are about 500,000,000 t with rate 70.6%.Agricultural is basically formed at present
The polynary pattern utilized of stalk fertilizer, fodder, base-material, raw material, turning sludge into fuel.But generally speaking, agriculture waste goods and materials
Source degree is low, and comprehensive utilization scope of the enterprise is small, lacks leading enterprise and drives, industrialized development is slow.Quite a few agricultural
Waste does not obtain efficient resource utilization, not only waste of resource, but also causes environmental pollution, the random stacking of agricultural crop straw,
It is unordered to burn as stubborn problem the most in government control air quality and Countryside Environment Rectification.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome agricultural wastes to fail to obtain efficient resource utilization and soil pollution of area source
The problems such as getting worse, provide a kind of primary raw material source it is wide, it is at low cost and meet green agriculture, environmental protection concept charcoal
Organic fertilizer.
Technical proposal that the invention solves the above-mentioned problems is, provides a kind of charcoal organic fertilizer, including following mass ratioes
Component：
Biological powdered carbon 20-40 parts
50-70 parts of organic fertilizer
Composite fertilizer 5-10 parts.
In charcoal organic fertilizer provided by the invention, the biology powdered carbon is that agricultural wastes are placed in retort to take off
The processing of water deoxygenation simultaneously crushes generation, grain size≤1mm after high temperature carbonization.
In charcoal organic fertilizer provided by the invention, the organic fertilizer is that agricultural wastes pulverization process is made its grain size
Appropriate EM bacterium are added in≤20mm, and uniformly being sprayed by water makes its water content be about 40-50%, are made through the decomposed fermentation of high temperature.
In charcoal organic fertilizer provided by the invention, the composite fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer 50-70%, phosphate fertilizer 10-30% and
Potash fertilizer 10-30%.
In charcoal organic fertilizer provided by the invention, the nitrogenous fertilizer includes in urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride
At least one；The phosphate fertilizer includes at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, monoammonium phosphate；The potash fertilizer includes
At least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride or potassium nitrate.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of charcoal organic fertilizer, include the following steps：
It is S100, each component in selected composite fertilizer is soluble in water by proper proportion；
S200, it will be uniformly sprayed onto in biological powdered carbon dissolved with the aqueous solution of the composite fertilizer；
S300, by the biological powdered carbon and organic fertilizer mixing containing composite fertilizer, including biological powdered carbon 20-40 parts,
50-70 parts, composite fertilizer 5-10 parts of organic fertilizer.
In the preparation method of charcoal organic fertilizer provided by the invention, the biology powdered carbon is to be placed in agricultural wastes
It is dehydrated deoxygenation processing in retort and is crushed after high temperature carbonization and generates, grain size≤1mm.
In the preparation method of charcoal organic fertilizer provided by the invention, the organic fertilizer is will be at agricultural wastes crushing
Reason makes its grain size≤20mm, appropriate EM bacterium is added, uniformly being sprayed by water makes its water content be about 40-50%, decomposed through high temperature
Fermentation is made.
In the preparation method of charcoal organic fertilizer provided by the invention, the composite fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer 50-70%, phosphate fertilizer
10-30% and potash fertilizer 10-30%.
In the preparation method of charcoal organic fertilizer provided by the invention, the nitrogenous fertilizer includes urea, ammonium nitrate, sulfuric acid
At least one of ammonium, ammonium chloride；The phosphate fertilizer includes at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, monoammonium phosphate；Institute
It includes at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride or potassium nitrate to state potash fertilizer.
Implement the present invention, has the advantages that：Fertilizer both can be improved after the charcoal organic fertilizer application of the present invention
The stability of utilization rate and fertilizer quality, improve ecological environment of soil, can effectively reduce N, P, K element soil leaching loss, simultaneously
The problem of environmental pollution that current organic waste combustion zone comes can be solved, is turned waste into wealth, and meet environmental requirement, is had good
Application value.
Description of the drawings
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing：
Fig. 1 is the variation experimental result of Different Fertilization mode N Leaching loss；
Fig. 2 is the variation experimental result of Different Fertilization mode P Leaching loss；
Fig. 3 is the variation experimental result of Different Fertilization mode K Leaching loss.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Charcoal be biological material under anaerobic or anoxia condition through high temperature pyrolysis, remove that volatile oil is gentle to be left
Solid matter.Charcoal has larger specific surface area and stronger suction-operated, plays the role of fertilizer conservation, water conservation to soil.
Charcoal seems to become the important measures for solving loss of soil nutrient.Pollution for agricultural organic waste and soil nutrient stream
The present situation of mistake, the present invention not only makes agricultural organic waste high-quality and high-efficiency recycling, and can also reduce the nutrients such as N, P, K
Loss be beneficial to prevention and control agricultural non-point source pollution.
The present invention charcoal organic fertilizer include：Biological powdered carbon 20-40 parts, 50-70 parts, composite fertilizer 5-10 parts of organic fertilizer.
Wherein biological powdered carbon is that agricultural wastes are placed in (offer of Rui Jing source biomass Science and Technology Ltd. of Shenzhen) charcoal
Change to be dehydrated deoxygenation processing in stove and crush after high temperature carbonization and makes its grain size≤1mm.Preparation method：Stalk is transferred to charing
Stove rises to 550 DEG C with the heating speed of 5 DEG C/min, and final temperature keeps 120min；After cooling by carbonizing production smash at grain size≤
The biological powdered carbon of 1mm.
Organic fertilizer is that agricultural wastes pulverization process is made its grain size≤20mm, and appropriate EM bacterium (BeiJing ZhongKe Huinong is added
Technical service center provides), it is uniformly sprayed onto in composting material by water, it is about 40-50% to make its water content, decomposed through high temperature
Fermentation is made.
N, P, K each component ratio can be adjusted according to plant growth in composite fertilizer.
The composite fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer 50-70% (mass fraction), phosphate fertilizer 10-30% (mass fraction) and potash fertilizer 10-
30% (mass fraction).
Nitrogenous fertilizer described in composite fertilizer includes at least one of urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride.
Phosphate fertilizer described in composite fertilizer includes at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, monoammonium phosphate.
Potash fertilizer described in composite fertilizer includes at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride or potassium nitrate.
Composite fertilizer is dissolved in after suitable quantity of water and is uniformly sprayed onto in biological powdered carbon
By the biological powdered carbon containing composite fertilizer and organic fertilizer, the product of the invention is made in mixing according to the ratio.
The main material charcoal and organic fertilizer of the present invention is cheap by the cost of raw material of agricultural organic waste, comes
Source is easy to get.The requirement promoted a conservation culture that response center proposes, And To Develop Agriculture of Energy Saving, circular agriculture, the ecological agriculture are reinforced
Ecological environmental protection not only provided new opportunities for agricultural organic waste comprehensive utilization, but also alleviated because excessively applying the fertile band of emulsification
The pollution of area source come.
The present invention also provides above-mentioned charcoal fertilizer preparation methods, include the following steps：
It is S100, each component in selected composite fertilizer is soluble in water by proper proportion；
S200, it will be uniformly sprayed onto in biological powdered carbon dissolved with the aqueous solution of the composite fertilizer；
S300, by the biological powdered carbon and organic fertilizer mixing containing composite fertilizer, including biological powdered carbon 20-40 parts,
50-70 parts, composite fertilizer 5-10 parts of organic fertilizer.
Wherein, biological powdered carbon, organic fertilizer, the preparation process of composite fertilizer are as previously described.
Embodiment 1
The agricultural wastes 200kg for taking water content 15% or so, is put into retort, is risen to the heating speed of 5 DEG C/min
550 DEG C, final temperature keeps 120min；Carbonizing production was smashed into 20 mesh sieve after charcoal cooling, forms the biology of grain size≤1mm
Powdered carbon；
Take that urea 60kg, agricultural potassium sulfate 30kg, agricultural monoammonium phosphate 10kg is soluble in water is uniformly sprayed onto biological powdered carbon
Surface is dried；
Take the agricultural wastes 700kg of water content 15% or so, pulverization process.Appropriate EM bacterium are added, are uniformly sprayed by water
It is spread across in composting material, it is about 40-50% to make its water content, is added to fermentation maturity in organic fertilizer equipment；
By the biological powdered carbon containing composite fertilizer and organic fertilizer mixing, product is made.
Charcoal fertilizer obtained above is applied to rice growing season, about 10% can be increased production.
Embodiment 2
The agricultural wastes 300kg for taking water content 15% or so, is put into retort, is risen to the heating speed of 5 DEG C/min
550 DEG C, final temperature keeps 120min；Carbonizing production was smashed into 20 mesh sieve after charcoal cooling, forms the biology of grain size≤1mm
Powdered carbon；
Take that ammonium sulfate 50kg, agricultural potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20kg, agricultural potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30kg is soluble in water is uniformly sprayed onto
Biological powdered carbon surface, dries；
Take the agricultural wastes 600kg of water content 15% or so, pulverization process.Appropriate EM bacterium are added, are uniformly sprayed by water
It is spread across in composting material, it is about 40-50% to make its water content, is added to fermentation maturity in organic fertilizer equipment；
By the biological powdered carbon containing composite fertilizer and organic fertilizer mixing, product is made.
Charcoal fertilizer obtained above is applied to rice growing season, about 10% can be increased production.
Embodiment 3
The agricultural wastes 400kg for taking water content 15% or so, is put into retort, is risen to the heating speed of 5 DEG C/min
550 DEG C, final temperature keeps 120min；Carbonizing production was smashed into 20 mesh sieve after charcoal cooling, forms the biology of grain size≤1mm
Powdered carbon；
Take ammonium nitrate 70kg, agricultural potassium chloride 10kg, agricultural ammonium polyphosphate 20kg are soluble in water to be uniformly sprayed onto charcoal
Powder surface, dries；
Take the agricultural wastes 550kg of water content 15% or so, pulverization process.Appropriate EM bacterium are added, are uniformly sprayed by water
It is spread across in composting material, it is about 40-50% to make its water content, is added to fermentation maturity in organic fertilizer equipment；
By the biological powdered carbon containing composite fertilizer and organic fertilizer mixing, product is made.
Charcoal fertilizer obtained above is applied to rice growing season, about 9% can be increased production.
The leaching loss of soil nutrient can be reduced for the fertilizer is further described, carries out simulation laboratory test.Test procedure
It is as follows：
Make leaching device by oneself：Soil eluviation device is made certainly with glass round tube.Glass round tube internal diameter is 3cm, is highly
30cm, pipe lower end is equipped with white glass sand core (only water being allowed to pass through), and bottom connects a funnel-form tubule, and connection rubber is soft
Pipe, convenient for collecting leaching liquor.
By the organic fertilizer prepared in above-described embodiment 3 and soil by 2:100 mass ratioes mix, and weigh 500g, are packed into self-control
In leaching device, 3 repetitions (CL) are set.Add water that its water content is made to be 30% similar with field moisture.It balances after a week,
Water 100ml was added every 7 days, and measured N, P and K amount fallen with water leaching loss.Check experiment directly weighs 500g soil, addition
N, P, K of CL moderates, remaining step is the same as CL processing.Each processing carries out five leaching processing.Test result such as Fig. 1-3 institutes
Show.
By Fig. 1-3 it is found that N, P, K of equivalent are added in a manner of being adsorbed by charcoal in soil with the invention
(CL), compared with directly applying into soil, the Leaching loss of N, P, K are substantially less than CK processing in CL processing.
The embodiment of the present invention is described with above attached drawing, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned specific
Embodiment, the above mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restrictive, those skilled in the art
Under the inspiration of the present invention, without breaking away from the scope protected by the purposes and claims of the present invention, it can also make very much
Form, all of these belong to the protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of charcoal organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that include the component of following mass ratioes：
Biological powdered carbon 20-40 parts
50-70 parts of organic fertilizer
Composite fertilizer 5-10 parts.
2. charcoal organic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the biology powdered carbon is to set agricultural wastes
It is dehydrated deoxygenation processing in retort and is crushed after high temperature carbonization and generates, grain size≤1mm.
3. charcoal organic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the organic fertilizer is to crush agricultural wastes
Processing makes its grain size≤20mm, and appropriate EM bacterium are added, and uniformly being sprayed by water makes its water content be about 40-50%, through high temperature corruption
Ripe fermentation is made.
4. charcoal organic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the composite fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer 50-70%, phosphorus
Fertile 10-30% and potash fertilizer 10-30%.
5. charcoal organic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogenous fertilizer includes urea, ammonium nitrate, sulfuric acid
At least one of ammonium, ammonium chloride；The phosphate fertilizer includes at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, monoammonium phosphate；Institute
It includes at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride or potassium nitrate to state potash fertilizer.
6. a kind of preparation method of charcoal organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
It is S100, each component in selected composite fertilizer is soluble in water by proper proportion；
S200, it will be uniformly sprayed onto in biological powdered carbon dissolved with the aqueous solution of the composite fertilizer；
S300, by the biological powdered carbon and organic fertilizer mixing containing composite fertilizer, including biological powdered carbon 20-40 parts, it is organic
It is 50-70 parts fertile, composite fertilizer 5-10 parts.
7. the preparation method of charcoal organic fertilizer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the biology powdered carbon is by agriculture
Industry waste is placed in retort to be dehydrated deoxygenation processing and crush after high temperature carbonization and generate, grain size≤1mm.
8. the preparation method of charcoal organic fertilizer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the organic fertilizer is will be agriculture
Waste pulverization process makes its grain size≤20mm, and appropriate EM bacterium are added, and uniformly being sprayed by water makes its water content be about 40-
50%, it is made through the decomposed fermentation of high temperature.
9. the preparation method of charcoal organic fertilizer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the composite fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer
50-70%, phosphate fertilizer 10-30% and potash fertilizer 10-30%.
10. the preparation method of charcoal organic fertilizer according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the nitrogenous fertilizer include urea,
At least one of ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride；The phosphate fertilizer includes in ammonium polyphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, monoammonium phosphate
It is at least one；The potash fertilizer includes at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride or potassium nitrate.
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| CN201710019471.0A CN108299119A (en) | 2017-01-11 | 2017-01-11 | A kind of charcoal organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201710019471.0A CN108299119A (en) | 2017-01-11 | 2017-01-11 | A kind of charcoal organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11124461B2 (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2021-09-21 | Incitec Pivot Limited | Fertilizer |
| CN115286464A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-04 | 浙江农林大学 | Carbon-based fertilizer for rice planting and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180720 |