CN108252699A - The method for exploiting oil - Google Patents
The method for exploiting oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN108252699A CN108252699A CN201611270536.0A CN201611270536A CN108252699A CN 108252699 A CN108252699 A CN 108252699A CN 201611270536 A CN201611270536 A CN 201611270536A CN 108252699 A CN108252699 A CN 108252699A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229960005419 nitrogen Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 90
- 238000010796 Steam-assisted gravity drainage Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010795 Steam Flooding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001023788 Cyttus traversi Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007701 flash-distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010913 used oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
- E21B43/168—Injecting a gaseous medium
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods for exploiting oil, include the following steps：Horizontal well group is opened up according to oil reservoirs.Steam is injected in horizontal well group so that oil reservoirs form vapor chamber.Straight well is opened up according to oil reservoirs, nitrogen is injected in straight well so that the oil body of oil reservoirs is discharged by horizontal well group.Nitrogen is injected by straight well, using nitrogen-gas heat-insulating pressure maintaining effect, steam heat loss is reduced, improves heat utilization efficiency, reach raising gas oil ratio, the yield of oil can be effectively improved using this method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of petroleum extraction, in particular to a kind of method for exploiting oil.
Background technology
It is the effective of raising oil deposit of shallow-layer super heavy exploitation using dual horizontal well SAGD in existing technical field of petroleum extraction
Technology compared with steam soak and steam drive development technology, has the advantage that daily oil production is high, gas oil ratio is high, recovery ratio is high.It is double
Horizontal well SAGD exploitations are high to reservoir conditions requirement, and the SAGD well group horizontal segments existed between I, P well and above I wells every interlayer are employed
The problems such as degree is low, and vapor chamber development is unbalanced, and well group is actually movably reduced with oil in place, causes production capacity not high.Wherein, with
Production time increase, vapor chamber gradually arrive top and extending transversely, and yield enters plateau, and steam is warm after being contacted with cap rock
Loss increase, oil and gas reduce.
Invention content
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a kind of method for exploiting oil, to solve in the prior art, oil production rate is not
The problem of high.
To achieve these goals, according to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of method for exploiting oil, method packet
Include following steps：Horizontal well group is opened up according to oil reservoirs；Steam is injected in horizontal well group so that oil reservoirs form vapor chamber；Root
Straight well is opened up according to oil reservoirs, nitrogen is injected in straight well so that the oil body of oil reservoirs is discharged by horizontal well group.
Further, horizontal well group is opened up to include the following steps：Horizontal production well is opened up, is opened above horizontal production well
If horizontal steam injection well.
Further, steam is injected in horizontal well group to include the following steps：Steam is injected in horizontal steam injection well
So that oil reservoirs form vapor chamber.
Further, vapor chamber is formed between the sandwiched area of oil reservoirs.
Further, straight well is opened up to include the following steps：Straight well is opened up in the sandwiched area for forming vapor chamber.
Further, straight well is opened up to include the following steps：Straight well is opened up in sandwiched area so that vapor chamber is formed in straight well
Between horizontal steam injection well.
Further, nitrogen is injected in straight well to include the following steps：Nitrogen is injected in straight well, nitrogen passes through spray-hole
Injection is to sandwiched area, so that the oil body in sandwiched area is discharged by horizontal production well.
Further, spray-hole is located at the top of horizontal production well.
Further, nitrogen is injected in straight well to include the following steps：Nitrogen is injected in straight well until in vapor chamber
Nitrogen-gas heat-insulating layer is formed on top.
Further, it is further comprising the steps of to open up straight well：Straight well is opened up in the side of the center line of horizontal well group.
It applies the technical scheme of the present invention, the method for the exploitation oil includes the following steps：Level is opened up according to oil reservoirs
Well group.Steam is injected in horizontal well group so that oil reservoirs form vapor chamber.Straight well is opened up according to oil reservoirs, is injected in straight well
Nitrogen is so that the oil body of oil reservoirs is discharged by horizontal well group.Nitrogen is injected by straight well, utilizes nitrogen-gas heat-insulating pressure maintaining effect, drop
Low steam heat loss is improved heat utilization efficiency, reaches raising gas oil ratio, the production of oil can be effectively improved using this method
Amount.
Description of the drawings
The accompanying drawings which form a part of this application are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and of the invention shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation do not constitute improper limitations of the present invention for explaining the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows straight well auxiliary SAGD nitrogen injection yield-increasing technology principle schematics according to the present invention.
Wherein, above-mentioned attached drawing is marked including the following drawings：
10th, horizontal well group；11st, horizontal production well；12nd, horizontal steam injection well；20th, vapor chamber；30th, straight well；31st, it sprays
Hole.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the application can phase
Mutually combination.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combination thereof.
It should be noted that term " first " in the description and claims of this application and above-mentioned attached drawing, "
Two " etc. be the object for distinguishing similar, and specific sequence or precedence are described without being used for.It should be appreciated that it uses in this way
Term can be interchanged in the appropriate case, so that presently filed embodiment described herein for example can be in addition to herein
Sequence other than those of diagram or description is implemented.In addition, term " comprising " and " having " and their any deformation, it is intended that
Be to cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, containing the process of series of steps or unit, method, system, product or equipment not
Be necessarily limited to those steps clearly listed or unit, but may include not listing clearly or for these processes, side
The intrinsic other steps of method, product or equipment or unit.
For ease of description, spatially relative term can be used herein, as " ... on ", " ... top ",
" ... upper surface ", " above " etc., for describing such as a device shown in the figure or feature and other devices or spy
The spatial relation of sign.It should be understood that spatially relative term is intended to comprising the orientation in addition to device described in figure
Except different direction in use or operation.For example, if the device in attached drawing is squeezed, it is described as " in other devices
It will be positioned as " under other devices or construction after the device of part or construction top " or " on other devices or construction "
Side " or " under other devices or construction ".Thus, exemplary term " ... top " can include " ... top " and
" in ... lower section " two kinds of orientation.The device can also other different modes positioning (being rotated by 90 ° or in other orientation), and
And respective explanations are made in opposite description to space used herein above.
Now, the illustrative embodiments according to the application are more fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings.However, these are exemplary
Embodiment can be implemented by many different forms, and should not be construed to be limited solely to embodiment party set forth herein
Formula.It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that disclosure herein is thoroughly and complete, and these are shown
The design of example property embodiment is fully conveyed to those of ordinary skill in the art, in the accompanying drawings, for the sake of clarity, it is possible to expand
The big thickness of layer and region, and make identical device is presented with like reference characters, thus they are retouched by omitting
It states.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the invention, a kind of method for exploiting oil is provided.
Specifically, the method for the exploitation oil includes the following steps：Horizontal well group 10 is opened up according to oil reservoirs.In horizontal well
Injection steam in group 10 is so that oil reservoirs form vapor chamber 20.Straight well 30 is opened up according to oil reservoirs, injects nitrogen in straight well 30
So that the oil body of oil reservoirs is discharged by horizontal well group 10.
In the present embodiment, nitrogen is injected by straight well, using nitrogen-gas heat-insulating pressure maintaining effect, reduces steam heat loss, carry
High heat utilization efficiency reaches raising gas oil ratio, and the yield of oil can be effectively improved using this method.
Wherein, horizontal well group 10 is opened up to include the following steps：Horizontal production well 11 is opened up, in the top of horizontal production well 11
Open up horizontal steam injection well 12.It enables in this way under the action of nitrogen is injected, the consistency for hiding oil can be effectively reduced,
So that it is that oil body can be quickly flowed into horizontal production well 11 under the gravity of itself to hide oil.
Steam is injected in horizontal well group 10 to include the following steps：Steam is injected in horizontal steam injection well 12 so that storage
Oil reservoir forms vapor chamber 20.Wherein, vapor chamber 20 is formed between the sandwiched area (as shown in A in Fig. 1) of oil reservoirs.In shape
Open up straight well 30 into the sandwiched area of vapor chamber 20 so that vapor chamber 20 be formed in straight well 30 and horizontal steam injection well 12 it
Between.Setting can further improve Tibetan oil yield in this way.Wherein, straight well is opened up in the side of the center line of horizontal well group 10
30。
Further, nitrogen is injected in straight well 30 to include the following steps：Nitrogen is injected in straight well 30, nitrogen passes through spray
Perforation 31 is sprayed to sandwiched area, so that the oil body in sandwiched area is discharged by horizontal production well 11.Wherein, spray-hole 31
In the top of horizontal production well 11.Nitrogen is injected in straight well 30 until forming nitrogen-gas heat-insulating layer (such as at the top of vapor chamber 20
In Fig. 1 shown in B).Specifically, after vapor chamber expands to top, nitrogen is injected by straight well, is made using nitrogen " heat-insulated pressurize "
With reduction steam heat loss improves heat utilization efficiency, reaches raising gas oil ratio, increase the purpose of economic benefit.
Straight well auxiliary SAGD nitrogen injection yield-increasing technologies are one and assist the SAGD thermals efficiency for straight well is improved, and improve gas oil ratio
Yield-increasing technology.In straight well auxiliary SAGD production processes, after vapor chamber is extending transversely along top of oil horizon completion, steam is direct
It is contacted with cap rock, nitrogen is injected in heat loss increase into vapor chamber at this time, using the low property of the nitrogen coefficient of heat conduction, reduces
Vapor chamber improves gas oil ratio to the heat leakage amount of cap rock.Before nitrogen injection, straight well auxiliary SAGD gas oil ratios are promoted after nitrogen injection
0.02~0.07.
After straight well assists SAGD vapor chambers to top, steam is directly contacted with cap rock, heat loss increase, at this time into vapor chamber
Nitrogen is injected, using the low property of the nitrogen coefficient of heat conduction, heat leakage amount of the vapor chamber to cap rock is reduced, improves gas oil ratio.
Wherein, wherein, SAGD oil recovery techniques (Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage, abbreviation SAGD) are one
A bite straight well or a bite horizontal well injection oil reservoir of the kind by steam above the horizontal production well near oil reservoir bottom, are added
The crude oil of heat and steam condensate are from the oil production method of the horizontal well output of oil reservoir bottom.
SAGD is a cutting edge technology of international development super-viscous oil.Its theory is initially based on water filling and adopts salt principle, that is, notes
Enter fresh water to dissolve solid salt in salt deposit, the big salting liquid of concentration flows downward since its density is big, and density is relatively small
Aqueous solution float on above, by continuing to the water filling of salt deposit top, the continuous high concentration salt solutions in salt deposit lower part are produced.By this
As soon as principle is applied to during heat extraction by steam injection, the concept of gravity drainage is produced.SAGD is exactly steam driving exploitation mode, i.e.,
High temperature, high-quality steam are continuously injected into steam injection well, develops vapor chamber first, in heated oil reservoir and keeps certain formation pressure
(supplement stratum energy), crude oil is driven in producing well around, is then produced.
SAGD abbreviations steam assisted gravity drainage (Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage, abbreviation SAGD) is
A kind of a bite straight well or a bite horizontal well injection oil reservoir by steam above the horizontal production well near oil reservoir bottom, quilt
The crude oil and steam condensate of heating have high oil recovery ability, high oil from the oil production method of the horizontal well output of oil reservoir bottom
Vapour is than, higher ultimate recovery and reduces inter-well interference, avoids altering the advantages of logical between too early well.
Frequently problem in SAGD oil recovery techniques SAGD：
1st, reservoir quality is poor than expected, and if oil saturation is than relatively low, water saturation is higher.
2nd, producing well well screen is shaked out destruction by channeling --- it is showed more so in the artesian well of non-armored pump.
3rd, jacking capacity is insufficient, and vaporium cannot advance downwardly --- particularly well section it is very long in the case of.
4th, vaporium hypotony, it is impossible to prevent water enchroachment (invasion).
5th, TRAJECTORY CONTROL level is low, and steam injection well and producing well horizontal segment hang down away from fluctuation greatly, be easy to cause flash distillation.
The crude oil that viscous crude is asphalitine and gum level is higher, viscosity is larger.Usually ground surface density be more than 0.943,
Lower viscosity is more than the crude oil of 50 centipoises viscous crude.Because the density of viscous crude is big, also referred to as heavy oil.
Viscous crude, viscosity is more than 50 mpas or degassed crude viscosity is 1000~10000 millipascals under reservoir temperature
The high viscosity heavy crude of second.For viscous crude in addition to viscosity is high, density is also high.Viscous crude is few containing light fraction, and colloid is high with bitumen content.
The viscosity of viscous crude varies with temperature, and changes significantly, if temperature increases by 8~9 degrees Celsius, viscosity can reduce half.Therefore, to viscous crude
Exploitation, conveying, multi-purpose heating power reduces its viscosity, such as steam driving, hot-oil circulation, combustion in situ.It is dilute that incorporation can also be used
Oil, emulsification, addition activating agent reduce its viscosity.Under reservoir temperature, degassed crude viscosity is more than the crude oil of 10000 mpas
Referred to as special heavy crude oil (very heavy oil).
Viscous crude is a kind of more sticky oil as its name suggests.Because of its viscosity height, density is big, external to be generally referred to as
Heavy oil, we are accustomed to being referred to as viscous crude, this is named with respect to thin oil.The intuitive comparison of viscous crude and thin oil, we can see
It is flowed as water to thin oil, and viscous crude is difficult flowing, caused by this is viscosity of thickened oil height, some viscosity of thickened oil are up to hundreds of
Ten thousand mpas as " black mud ", can use spade, be picked up with hand.Said with the language of science, be exactly the mobility of viscous crude too
Difference, oil sticky in this way are difficult to be produced from underground naturally.
In the oil exploitation in oil field, viscous crude has special high viscosity and high-solidification point characteristic, in development and application
Various aspects all encounter some technical barriers.For production technique, colloid, asphalitine and long chain paraffin cause crude oil in reservoir
It is deteriorated with the mobility in pit shaft, it is desirable that implement the tertiary oil recovery process of high investment.Height is viscous, the conveying of High viscosity crude is necessary
Using more powerful pumping equipment, and in order to reach rational pump displacement, it is desirable that transport system is heated
Or processing is diluted to crude oil.For refinery technology, the heavy metal in heavy oil can reduce rapidly the effect of catalyst, and
And in order to which viscous crude is converted into fuel oil, it is also necessary to hydrogen is added in, is greatly increased so as to cause refinery cost, residual oil amount is big, sulphur,
The difficult component content such as nitrogen, metal, acid is high and oil plant is reluctant the reason of refining viscous crude more.As it can be seen that the special nature of viscous crude
Determine adopting, is defeated, refining what is necessarily carried out around the modification of the viscosity reduction pour point depression of viscous crude or modifying process for viscous crude.
Different DP technologies can be taken for the construction of the features such as viscosity of thickened oil is big and each oil reservoir.Heavy crude reservoir water drive is opened
Technology is adopted mainly to include mechanical viscosity reduction, pit shaft heating, dilution viscosity reduction, chemical viscosity reduction, microbial single well stimulation, take out thick process matching
Deng：Heavy crude reservoir thermal recovery technology mainly includes steam soak, steam drives, clump formula directional well and horizontal well, combustion in situ and
Mating other technologies etc. with heavy crude heat extraction.
The difficult point of combustion in situ is that implementing process difficulty is big, is difficult to control underground combustion, while high pressure injection large quantity of air
Cost again it is sufficiently expensive.And the chemical agent that chemical viscosity reduction method adds in causes stratum seriously to pollute to a certain extent.At present
Both at home and abroad to viscous crude and high solidifying oil exploitation generally using thermal recovery mode, electric-heating technology is that an electricity is worn in hollow rod
Cable, one end of cable are connected with the bottom end of hollow rod, apply exchange on the circuit being made of cable, hollow rod
Electricity realizes heating, viscosity reducing by the hollow rod heated to viscous crude or the high heat transfer for coagulating oil.Compared with other technologies, tool
There is higher efficiency, and the process operation is fairly simple, expense is relatively low, recovers the oil both economical.Therefore with apparent
Superiority is used widely in many oil fields of China.
Heavy oil development is global hang-up.In today that Chinese energy is in short supply, viscous crude resource is undoubtedly China can not
One of energy of ignorance.Most of heavy crude reservoir of China is essentially all small fault block heavy crude reservoir, and this kind of oil reservoir belongs to low product
Position petroleum resources, crude oil property is poor, and exploitation, oil recovery, surface gathering and transferring and intractability are big.
In heavy crude producing, since viscosity is excessively high, paraffin content is big so that the oil flow channel of oil pipe reduces, rod string
Uplink and downlink resistance increases, and when down stroke horse head easily occurs and " fights " phenomenon, and beam rating increases during upstroke, can make when serious
Sucker rod is stuck in oil pipe or even to cause the down-hole accident of rod broken.In addition, for the relatively low well of reservoir temperature,
Standing valve for oil-well pump, standing valve cover and its with lower portion since pressure is low, be easily formed stifled well in process of production, and will quilt
Compel to carry out well workover.
For electric submersible pump producing well, since electric immersible pump well discharge capacity is big, pressure is low at suction inlet, when reservoir temperature is relatively low
When, herein easy wax deposition and cause blade guiding wheel runner block, drilling fluid resistance increase, decline the discharge capacity of pump, while electricity can be made
Machine load increases, serious that motor is caused often to shut down, and prevents electric pump unit from running well.
In short, there are many difficulties in the recovery process of viscous crude, since the property of viscous crude causes the down-hole accident in exploitation
And its expense, cost for oil production can be made significantly to increase.Therefore, the research of reducing thick oil viscosity recovery method is for reducing down-hole accident
Occur and reduction thickened oil recovery cost is of great significance.
Than that described above, it is also necessary to which explanation is " one embodiment " spoken of in the present specification, " another implementation
Example ", " embodiment " etc. refer to that the specific features, structure or the feature that combine embodiment description are included in the application summary
Property description at least one embodiment in.It is not centainly to refer to same reality that statement of the same race, which occur, in multiple places in the description
Apply example.Furthermore, it is understood that when describing a specific features, structure or feature with reference to any embodiment, what is advocated is knot
Other embodiment is closed to realize that this feature, structure or feature are also fallen within the scope of the present invention.
In the above-described embodiments, it all emphasizes particularly on different fields to the description of each embodiment, there is no the portion being described in detail in some embodiment
Point, it may refer to the associated description of other embodiment.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. method for exploiting oil, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps：Horizontal well group (10) is opened up according to oil reservoirs；The injection steam in the horizontal well group (10) is so that the oil reservoirs form vapor chamber (20)；Straight well (30) is opened up according to oil reservoirs, injection nitrogen is so that the oil body of the oil reservoirs passes through institute in the straight well (30) State horizontal well group (10) discharge.
- 2. according to the method described in claim 1, include the following steps it is characterized in that, opening up the horizontal well group (10)：Horizontal production well (11) is opened up, horizontal steam injection well (12) is opened up above the horizontal production well (11).
- 3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the injection steam includes in the horizontal well group (10) Following steps：The steam is injected in the horizontal steam injection well (12) so that the oil reservoirs form vapor chamber (20).
- 4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the vapor chamber (20) is formed in the interlayer of the oil reservoirs Between region.
- 5. according to the method described in claim 4, include the following steps it is characterized in that, opening up the straight well (30)：The straight well (30) is opened up in the sandwiched area for forming the vapor chamber (20).
- 6. according to the method described in claim 5, include the following steps it is characterized in that, opening up the straight well (30)：The straight well (30) is opened up in the sandwiched area so that the vapor chamber (20) be formed in the straight well (30) with it is described Between horizontal steam injection well (12).
- 7. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the injection nitrogen is including following in the straight well (30) Step：The injection nitrogen in the straight well (30), the nitrogen are sprayed by spray-hole (31) to the sandwiched area, with The oil body in the sandwiched area is made to be discharged by the horizontal production well (11).
- 8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that the spray-hole (31) is positioned at the horizontal production well (11) Top.
- 9. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the injection nitrogen is including following in the straight well (30) Step：The injection nitrogen at the top of the vapor chamber (20) until form nitrogen-gas heat-insulating layer in the straight well (30).
- 10. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, to open up the straight well (30) further comprising the steps of：The straight well (30) is opened up in the side of the center line of the horizontal well group (10).
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| CN112081567A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-12-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for improving SAGD oil production effect |
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