CN108245121A - Endoscope and its imaging method and intelligent diagnosis system - Google Patents
Endoscope and its imaging method and intelligent diagnosis system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108245121A CN108245121A CN201611240693.7A CN201611240693A CN108245121A CN 108245121 A CN108245121 A CN 108245121A CN 201611240693 A CN201611240693 A CN 201611240693A CN 108245121 A CN108245121 A CN 108245121A
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- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 36
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- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 claims description 20
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00004—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing
- A61B1/00006—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of control signals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
- A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
- A61B1/0008—Insertion part of the endoscope body characterised by distal tip features
- A61B1/00096—Optical elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00131—Accessories for endoscopes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
Abstract
The imaging method and intelligent diagnosis system of a kind of endoscope, endoscope.The endoscope includes：Probe, light supply apparatus, output terminal and flexible connector.Flexible connector will pop one's head in be connect and the optical transport that sends out light supply apparatus is to popping one's head in and by the reflected light pass for reception of popping one's head in output terminal respectively with light supply apparatus and output terminal, probe includes dispersion means and scanning means, dispersion means are configured as converging the light for being transmitted to probe from light supply apparatus and increase effect of dispersion, and scanning means is configured as to the light for being transmitted to probe from light supply apparatus into horizontal deflection being scanned sample to be tested.The endoscope can carry out three-dimensional imaging by dispersion means and scanning means to sample to be tested, and the dimension of information is obtained, and can also improve the accuracy rate of diagnosis of the diagnostic system using the endoscope so as to improve the endoscope.
Description
Technical field
The embodiment of the present invention is related to the imaging method and intelligent diagnosis system of a kind of endoscope, endoscope.
Background technology
Endoscope has many advantages, such as small, easy to operate, and the application on clinic diagnosis is more and more extensive.It is logical
Often, endoscope includes probe and the flexible pipe being connected with probe, and flexible pipe may include two fiberglass pipes, and light can be by wherein
One of enter pop one's head in and be irradiated to sample to be tested, observed by another pipe.
Deep learning is the important directions of current machine learning art development, and its feature is that have multiple hidden layers, and
Multiple neurons are configured in each hidden layer, this structure can extract the high-level characteristic information of sample, so as to fulfill accurate point
Class shows accuracy higher than artificial treatment as a result, being answered in Target under Complicated Background identification etc. at present by experiment
With.
Invention content
At least one embodiment of the present invention provides the imaging method and intelligent diagnosis system of endoscope, endoscope.This is interior
Sight glass includes：Probe, light supply apparatus, output terminal and flexible connector.Flexible connector will pop one's head in light supply apparatus and
The optical transport that output terminal connects and sends out light supply apparatus respectively is extremely exported to the reflected light pass popped one's head in and receive probe
End, probe include dispersion means and scanning means, dispersion means be configured as to be transmitted to from light supply apparatus the light of probe into
Row, which converges, simultaneously increases effect of dispersion, and scanning means is configured as to the light for being transmitted to probe from light supply apparatus into horizontal deflection treating
Test sample is originally scanned.The endoscope can carry out three-dimensional imaging by dispersion means and scanning means to sample to be tested, so as to
It improves the endoscope and obtains the dimension of information, and can also improve the accuracy rate of diagnosis of the diagnostic system using the endoscope.
At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of endoscope, including：Probe；Light supply apparatus；Output terminal；It and can
The probe with the light supply apparatus and the output terminal connect and is configured as filling the light source by flex connector respectively
The optical transport sent out is put to the probe and by the reflected light pass that the probe receives to the output terminal, the probe wraps
Dispersion means and scanning means are included, the dispersion means are configured as the light to being transmitted to the probe from the light supply apparatus
It is converged and increases effect of dispersion, the scanning means is configured as the light to being transmitted to the probe from the light supply apparatus
Into horizontal deflection to be scanned to sample to be tested.
For example, the endoscope that one embodiment of the invention provides further includes：Spectral analysis device is connected simultaneously with the output terminal
It is configured as analyzing the reflected light for being transmitted to the output terminal.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one embodiment of the invention, the probe further includes：Shell, the dispersion means,
Scanning means is set in the housing.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one embodiment of the invention, it is remote that the dispersion means are arranged on the scanning means
Side from the flexible connector.
For example, it is further included in the endoscope that one embodiment of the invention provides：Controller, the controller are filled with the scanning
Communication is put to be connected and be configured as that the scanning means is controlled to be scanned.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one embodiment of the invention, the light supply apparatus includes white light emitter, described white
Optical transmitting set is configured as transmitting super continuous spectrums white light.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one embodiment of the invention, the light supply apparatus includes laser emitter.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one embodiment of the invention, the light supply apparatus swashs including tunable ultrashort pulse
Light device and photonic crystal fiber, the tunable ultrashort pulse laser couple super continuous to generate with the photonic crystal fiber
Compose white light.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one embodiment of the invention, the flexible connector includes optical fiber.
For example, the endoscope that one embodiment of the invention provides further includes：Fiber coupler, the flexible connector include
First connecting portion, second connecting portion and third connecting portion, the first connecting portion connection probe and the fiber coupling
Device, the second connecting portion connect the fiber coupler and the light supply apparatus, and the third connecting portion connects the optical fiber
Coupler and the output terminal.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one embodiment of the invention, the first connecting portion only includes an optical fiber.
At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of imaging method of endoscope, and the endoscope includes probe, light source
Device, output terminal and flexible connector, the flexible connector is by the probe and the light supply apparatus and described defeated
Outlet connects and is configured as receiving by the optical transport that the light supply apparatus is sent out to the probe and by the probe respectively
Reflected light pass to the output terminal, the probe includes dispersion means and scanning means, and the dispersion means are configured
To be converged to the light that the probe is transmitted to from the light supply apparatus and increasing effect of dispersion, the scanning means is configured
For to being transmitted to the light of the probe from the light supply apparatus into horizontal deflection to be scanned to sample to be tested, the imaging method
Including：The light supply apparatus emits white light, and the white light is transmitted to the probe through the flexible connector；The scanning dress
It puts to the white light into horizontal deflection to form a scanning element；The dispersion means converge the white light and increase dispersion
The white light to be divided into multiple ingredients with different wave length by effect；The multiple ingredient is peeped in described in sample to be tested upper edge
Mirror is focused on the different depth on the direction of the sample to be tested；At least portion after the multiple ingredient is reflected by the sample to be tested
Dispersion means, scanning means described in lease making are exported to the output terminal；According to the wavelength of the multiple ingredient of the output terminal
Obtain the depth of focus of the multiple ingredient；According to the light intensity of the multiple ingredient of the output terminal and the depth of focus with
It obtains the chromatography information of the scanning element and the scanning means changes deflection direction to be scanned and obtain multiple scannings
The chromatography information of point, so as to obtain the stereo-picture of the sample to be tested.It should be noted that above-mentioned chromatography message reflection
It is current scan point in information such as the reflectivity of different longitudinal directions.
For example, one embodiment of the invention provide endoscope imaging method in, the endoscope further include with it is described
Output terminal is connected and is configured as the spectral analysis device analyzed the reflected light for being transmitted to the output terminal, the imaging
Method includes：The curve of spectrum of the output terminal is obtained using the spectral analysis device to obtain the described more of the output terminal
The wavelength and light intensity of a ingredient.
At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of intelligent diagnosis system, including：Endoscope；And neural network list
Member, the endoscope include probe, light supply apparatus, output terminal, flexible connector and spectral analysis device, the bendable
The probe with the light supply apparatus and the output terminal connect and is configured as the light supply apparatus by bent connector respectively
To the probe and the reflected light pass for receiving the probe to the output terminal, the probe includes the optical transport sent out
Dispersion means and scanning means, the dispersion means be configured as to be transmitted to from the light supply apparatus light of the probe into
Row, which converges, simultaneously increases effect of dispersion, the scanning means be configured as to be transmitted to from the light supply apparatus light of the probe into
To be scanned to sample to be tested, the spectral analysis device is connected with the output terminal and is configured as to being transmitted to for horizontal deflection
The reflected light of the output terminal is analyzed, and the communication of the neural network unit and the spectral analysis device is connected, and by with
The signal exported according to the spectral analysis device is set to be diagnosed.
For example, in the intelligent diagnosis system provided in one embodiment of the invention, the endoscope includes controller, the intelligence
Energy diagnostic system further includes：Control unit, described control unit are connected with controller communication and are configured as by described
Controller controls the scanning means to be scanned.
For example, in the intelligent diagnosis system provided in one embodiment of the invention, it is white that the light supply apparatus is configured as transmitting
Light and laser, described control unit are connected with light supply apparatus communication and are configured as controlling the light supply apparatus transmitting white light
Or laser.
For example, in the intelligent diagnosis system provided in one embodiment of the invention, described control unit controls the light source dress
It puts and emits white light, the laser for the laser that excites Autofluorescence and for exciting Raman spectrum, the nerve respectively
Network element further includes：First nerves network element, the spectrum point when being configured as emitting white light according to the light supply apparatus
The signal of analysis apparatus output is handled and exports the first characterization parameter；Nervus opticus network element is configured as according to
The light supply apparatus signal that the spectral analysis device exports when emitting the laser for exciting Autofluorescence is handled simultaneously
Export the second characterization parameter；And third nerve network element, it is configured as being drawn for exciting according to light supply apparatus transmitting
The signal of the spectral analysis device output is handled and exports third characterization parameter during the laser of graceful spectrum.
For example, in the intelligent diagnosis system provided in one embodiment of the invention, the neural network unit is configured as root
It is diagnosed according to first characterization parameter, second characterization parameter and third characterization parameter.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure, will simply be situated between to the attached drawing of embodiment below
It continues, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description merely relates to some embodiments of the present disclosure rather than the limitation to the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of a kind of endoscope that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of another endoscope that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of a kind of light supply apparatus that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of another light supply apparatus that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the imaging method of a kind of endoscope that one embodiment of the invention provides；And
Fig. 6 is the structure diagram of a kind of diagnostic system that one embodiment of the invention provides.
Specific embodiment
Purpose, technical scheme and advantage to make the embodiment of the present disclosure are clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present disclosure
Attached drawing, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is this public affairs
The part of the embodiment opened, instead of all the embodiments.Based on described embodiment of the disclosure, ordinary skill
Personnel's all other embodiments obtained under the premise of without creative work belong to the range of disclosure protection.
Unless otherwise defined, the technical term or scientific terminology that the disclosure uses, which are should be in disclosure fields, to be had
The ordinary meaning that the personage for having general technical ability is understood." first ", " second " and the similar word used in the disclosure is simultaneously
It does not indicate that any sequence, quantity or importance, and is used only to distinguish different component parts." comprising " or "comprising" etc.
Either object covers the element or object for appearing in the word presented hereinafter to the element that similar word means to occur before the word
And its it is equivalent, and it is not excluded for other elements or object.The similar word such as " connection " or " connected " is not limited to physics
Or mechanical connection, but electrical connection can be included, either directly or indirectly.
At present, the diseases such as cancer need to be diagnosed using assay method and equipment, and existence time is longer, cost compared with
The problems such as height, wound easy infection.Therefore, present inventor expects diagnosing the diseases such as cancer using endoscope.
However, common endoscope is only capable of obtaining the color or surface shape information of sample to be tested, and cancer is when diseases are in early stage,
Diseased region has no apparent feature in color and surface shape.Present inventor thinks can be by carrying out sample to be tested
Three-dimensional imaging is diagnosed, and can also analyze whether sample to be tested is normal group using the spectral signature of sample to be tested
It knits.On the other hand, with the development of information technology, high-precision, efficient expert system gradually replace artificial diagnosis and treatment process.
Therefore, the present inventors considered that can be combined medical instrument (for example, endoscope) with computer, there is diagnosis so as to build
The efficiency of diagnosis will be substantially improved with the intelligent diagnosis system of forecast function.
The embodiment of the present invention provides the imaging method and intelligent diagnosis system of a kind of endoscope, endoscope.The endoscope
It includes：Probe, light supply apparatus, output terminal and flexible connector.Flexible connector will pop one's head in and light supply apparatus and output terminal
The reflected light pass received is extremely popped one's head in and will be popped one's head in connection and the optical transport for sending out light supply apparatus to output terminal respectively, pop one's head in
Including dispersion means and scanning means, dispersion means are configured as converging simultaneously the light for being transmitted to probe from light supply apparatus
Increase effect of dispersion, scanning means be configured as to be transmitted to from light supply apparatus the light of probe into horizontal deflection with to sample to be tested into
Row scanning.The endoscope can carry out three-dimensional imaging by dispersion means and scanning means to sample to be tested, interior so as to improve this
Sight glass obtains the dimension of information.In addition, the endoscope can also emit spectral information of the laser to sample to be tested by light supply apparatus
It is detected, so as to be diagnosed to diseases such as cancers.Also, the endoscope can also improve the diagnosis system using the endoscope
The accuracy rate of diagnosis of system.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to endoscope provided in an embodiment of the present invention and its imaging method and intelligent diagnosis system into
Row explanation.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment provides a kind of endoscope, as shown in Figure 1, the endoscope includes probe 110, light supply apparatus 120, output
End 130 and flexible connector 140.Flexible connector 140 divides probe 110 with light supply apparatus 120 and output terminal 130
It does not connect and is configured as the optical transport for sending out light supply apparatus 120 to 110 and the 110 reflected lights biographies received that will pop one's head in of popping one's head in
Output terminal 130 is transported to, so as to be observed in output terminal 130 or form image using other devices (spectral analysis device).
Probe 110 includes dispersion means 112 and scanning means 114；Dispersion means 112 are used for being transmitted to probe from light supply apparatus 120
110 light is converged and increases effect of dispersion, so as to make to be transmitted to different waves in the light of probe 110 from light supply apparatus 120
Long ingredient can be in the different deep focus of sample to be tested 200；Scanning means 114 is used for being transmitted to spy from light supply apparatus 120
First 110 light is into horizontal deflection to be scanned to sample to be tested 200.
In endoscope provided in this embodiment, the white light that light supply apparatus is sent out can be under the action of scattered color device to be measured
The different depth of sample focuses on, so as to obtain the information of sample to be tested different depth and realize that color chromatographs.It can pass through as a result,
The devices such as spectral analysis device analyze the intensity signal of sample to be tested different depth position and obtain chromatography information, and can
Scanning comprehensively is carried out so as to synthesize the stereo-picture of sample to be tested by scanning means.Also, endoscope has small grade for spies
Point under the premise of noninvasive, can be imaged for internal sample to be tested.
For example, as shown in Figure 1, dispersion means 112 can be dispersing lens, for example, the lens with larger axial chromatic aberration.When
So, the embodiment of the present invention includes but not limited to this, and dispersion means 112 can also be that other have the function of aggregation feature and with dispersion
Device.
For example, as shown in Figure 1, scanning means 114 can be scanning mirror.Certainly, the embodiment of the present invention includes but not limited to this,
Scanning means 114 can also be other devices with scanning function.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one example of the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, flexible connector 140 includes light
It is fine.Since endoscope volume is narrow, the structure of optical system and function re-optimization are limited, using optical fiber cooperation scanning means
Imaging mode overcomes existing contradiction between optical system resolution ratio and size.Also, since optical fiber belongs to flexible optical device
Part and with smaller volume, can further reduce the volume of endoscope and range of its application.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one example of the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the endoscope further includes fiber coupling
Device 170.Flexible connector 140 includes first connecting portion 141, second connecting portion 142 and third connecting portion 143, and first connects
The connection of socket part 141 probe 110 and fiber coupler 170, second connecting portion 142 connect fiber coupler 170 and light supply apparatus
120, third connecting portion 143 connects fiber coupler 170 and output terminal 130.First connecting portion 141 is both used to pass light as a result,
Probe 110 is transported to be also used for reflected light, so as to further reduce the volume of endoscope, simplifying structure from 110 outflow of probe.
For example, first connecting portion can only include an optical fiber.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one example of the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the endoscope further includes spectrum analysis
Device 150.Spectral analysis device 150 is connected with output terminal 130 and for dividing the reflected light for being transmitted to output terminal 130
Analysis.The spectrum for being transmitted to the reflected light of output terminal can be analyzed by spectral analysis device as a result, it is current anti-so as to obtain
The parameters such as light intensity of the ingredient of different wave length in light are penetrated, since the ingredient of different wave length is focused in the different depth of sample to be tested,
So as to obtain intensity of reflected light of the scanning element where current reflective light under different depth, so as to restructural and obtain to be measured
Chromatography information under sample different depth.For example, when endoscope provided in this embodiment uses white light sample to be tested, light
Spectrum analysis device can obtain abscissa as wavelength X, and ordinate is the curve of spectrum of light intensity I.Keep intensity value I constant, by wavelength X
Depth of focus h is scaled, is exactly the chromatography information of current scan point.It and then can be by the chromatography information of each scanning element spatially position
It puts to be spliced and can obtain stereo-picture.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one example of the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, probe 110 further includes shell 111.Color
It is in bulk put 112 and scanning means 114 be arranged in shell 111.
For example, shell 111 can be cylinder.Certainly, this is not restricted for the embodiment of the present invention, and the shape of shell can basis
Actual conditions are configured.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one example of the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, probe 110 further includes collimating element
113, such as collimation lens.Collimating element 113 may be provided at scanning means 114 close to the side of flexible connector 140, be used for
The light that probe 110 is transmitted to from light supply apparatus 120 is collimated.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one example of the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, dispersion means 112 are arranged on scanning dress
Put 114 sides far from flexible connector 140.The light for being transmitted to probe 110 from light supply apparatus 120 as a result, first passes through scanning
The deflection of device 114 is converged by dispersion means 112 and increases effect of dispersion again.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one example of the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the endoscope may also include controller
160.Controller 160 is connected with the communication of scanning means 114 and for scanning means 114 to be controlled to be scanned.Controller as a result,
160 by controlling scanning means 114, so as to adjust the exit direction of the light projected from probe 110, so as to to be measured
Sample 200 is scanned.It should be noted that above-mentioned communication connection can by wired mode also wirelessly into
Row connection.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one example of the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, light supply apparatus 120 includes white light emission
Device 121.White light emitter 121 is for emitting white light, so as to the dispersion under the action of dispersing lens and in sample to be tested not
Color chromatography is carried out with depth.
For example, white light emitter 121 is used to emit super continuous spectrums white light.The brightness of super continuous spectrums white light source is strong, spectral line
Width, therefore signal-to-noise ratio is high, axial working range is big, and sample to be tested can be imaged deeper position.
In endoscope provided in this embodiment, realized using this different principle of different wave length corresponding focus positions empty
Between different depth position focusing.For example, when light source includes three kinds of wavelength components λ1、λ2、λ3When, as shown in Fig. 2, ingredient λ1's
Focus 301 can be located at the surface layer of sample to be tested 200, ingredient λ2Focus 302 and ingredient λ3Focus 303 be located at sample to be tested
Inside.Since different wavelength components focus on different longitudinal regions, for this purpose, can be by the method for calibration, according to a series of
Wavelength and the data of corresponding focal position, the wavelength of current imaging systems and depth of focus function table are established using the method for fitting
Up to formula.After obtaining this relationship, current scan point (such as (x can be known by the image of the output of spectral analysis device1,y1)) under
The respective intensity of reflected light I of three wavelength components1|x1y1、I2|x1y1、I3|x1y1, then pass through the wavelength established before and focusing
Wavelength is scaled corresponding depth of focus d by depth function expression formula1、d2、d3, so as to obtain current scan point in three differences
The data of respective intensity of reflected light under depth location, the i.e. restructural chromatography letter obtained under three width different depths after being scanned through
Breath.Chromatography information can be obtained into stereo-picture by lengthwise position sequential concatenation, as including the graphics inside sample to be tested
Picture.
For example, when using super continuous spectrums white light, since the wavelength of light source has a certain range and presents continuous
Distribution, therefore a series of chromatography information in longitudinal operating distances can be obtained, chromatography information is pressed into lengthwise position sequential concatenation
So as to obtain the stereo-picture of longitudinal depth bigger.
For example, in the endoscope provided in one example of the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, light supply apparatus 120 may include that laser is sent out
Emitter 122.Laser emitter 122 can emit laser, for example, laser emitter 122 can emit Autofluorescence or Raman light
The laser of respective maximum excitation wavelength is composed, so as to carry out Autofluorescence and Raman spectrum detection to sample to be tested, so as to
Further judge the ingredient of sample to be tested and whether normal.
For example, one example of the present embodiment provide endoscope in, as shown in figure 4, light supply apparatus 120 may include it is tunable
Ultrashort pulse laser 123 and photonic crystal fiber 124.Tunable ultrashort pulse laser 123 can be with photonic crystal fiber 124
Coupling is to generate super continuous spectrums white light, to be converged under the action of dispersing lens and increase effect of dispersion in sample to be tested
Different depth carries out color chromatography.Also, tunable ultrashort pulse laser 123 can individually emit laser and Wavelength tunable,
For example, tunable ultrashort pulse laser 123 can emit Autofluorescence or Raman spectrum respectively maximum excitation wavelength swash
Light, so as to carry out Autofluorescence and Raman spectrum detection to sample to be tested.On the other hand, tunable ultra-short pulse laser
The ultrashort pulse way of output can be used in device, so as to obtain high peak power, and then can reduce detection the time of integration and
The speed of detection is accelerated in the requirement of sensitivity.While signal-to-noise ratio is promoted, since the extremely low duty ratio of ultrashort pulse also is able to
Mean power is reduced, avoids continuously exporting the fuel factor in the energy accumulation formation of biological tissue surface, it is thin thus, it is possible to reduce
The risk that born of the same parents are damaged, improves safety.In addition, tunable ultrashort pulse laser and photonic crystal fiber coupling generate
Super continuous spectrums white light spectral line width, therefore axial operating distance is long, can the deeper position imaging to sample to be tested.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment provides a kind of imaging method of endoscope, the endoscope include probe, light supply apparatus, output terminal and
Flexible connector.Flexible connector, which will pop one's head in, to be connect with light supply apparatus and output terminal and respectively for light supply apparatus to be sent out
Optical transport to popping one's head in and the reflected light pass received that will pop one's head in is to output terminal, probe includes dispersion means and scanning fills
It puts, for being converged to the light that probe is transmitted to from light supply apparatus and increasing effect of dispersion, scanning means is used for dispersion means
To being transmitted to the light of probe from light supply apparatus into horizontal deflection to be scanned to sample to be tested, as shown in figure 5, the imaging method packet
Include step S201-S207.
Step S201：Light supply apparatus emits white light, and white light is transmitted to probe through flexible connector.
For example, white light can be super continuous spectrums white light, to obtain higher signal-to-noise ratio and larger axial working range.
Step S202：Scanning means deflects white light to form a scanning element.
Step S203：Dispersion means converge white light and increase effect of dispersion being divided into white light with different wave length
Multiple ingredients.
Step S204：Different depth of multiple ingredients on sample to be tested focuses on.It should be noted that above-mentioned depth is
Refer to the distance on the optical axis direction of dispersion means with sample to be tested surface.In addition, the focus position for the ingredient for passing through a wavelength
Put the depth for calculating the ingredient on sample to be tested.For example, it can be subtracted by the position of focus and the distance of endoscope to be measured
Sample surface and the operating distance of endoscope can obtain depth of the ingredient on sample to be tested.
Step S205：Multiple ingredients are at least partly exported through dispersion means, scanning means to defeated after being reflected by sample to be tested
Outlet.
Step S206：The depth of focus of multiple ingredients is obtained according to the wavelength of multiple ingredients of output terminal.
Step S207：The chromatography information of the scanning element is obtained according to the light intensity of multiple ingredients of output terminal and the depth of focus.
And
Step S208：Scanning means changes deflection direction to be scanned and obtain the chromatography information of multiple scanning elements, from
And obtain the stereo-picture of sample to be tested.
In imaging method provided in this embodiment, the white light that light supply apparatus is sent out can treated under the action of scattered color device
The different depth of test sample sheet focuses on, so as to obtain the information of sample to be tested different depth and realize that color chromatographs.It can lead to as a result,
The devices such as spectral analysis device are crossed to analyze the intensity signal of sample to be tested different depth position and obtain chromatography information, and
Scanning comprehensively can be carried out by scanning means so as to synthesize the stereo-picture of sample to be tested.Also, endoscope has small etc.
Feature under the premise of noninvasive, can be imaged for internal sample to be tested.
For example, the imaging method of the endoscope provided in one example of the present embodiment, endoscope is further included to be connected with output terminal
And the spectral analysis device for being analyzed the reflected light for being transmitted to output terminal, the imaging method include：Utilize spectrum point
Analysis apparatus obtains the curve of spectrum of output terminal to obtain the wavelength and light intensity of multiple ingredients of output terminal.Spectrum can be passed through as a result,
Analytical equipment analyzes the spectrum for being transmitted to the reflected light of output terminal, so as to obtain different wave length in current reflective light into
The parameters such as the light intensity divided, since the ingredient of different wave length is focused in the different depth of sample to be tested, so as to obtain current reflective
Intensity of reflected light of the scanning element under different depth where light, so as to restructural and obtain the layer under sample to be tested different depth
Analyse information.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment provides a kind of intelligent diagnosis system, as shown in fig. 6, it includes endoscope 100 and neural network list
Member 500.Endoscope 100 includes probe 110, light supply apparatus 120, output terminal 130, flexible connector 140 and spectrum analysis
Device 150.Probe 110 is connect with light supply apparatus 120 and output terminal 130 and can fill light source by flexible connector 140 respectively
120 optical transports sent out are put to the reflected light pass of pop one's head in 110 and 110 receptions that will pop one's head in output terminal 130,110 packets of popping one's head in
Dispersion means 112 and scanning means 114 are included, dispersion means 112 are used for the light to being transmitted to probe 110 from light supply apparatus 120
It is converged and increases effect of dispersion, scanning means 114 is used to carry out the light for being transmitted to probe 110 from light supply apparatus 120 inclined
Turn to be scanned sample to be tested 200.Spectral analysis device 150 is connected with output terminal 130 and for being transmitted to output terminal
130 reflected light is analyzed.Neural network unit 500 is connected, and be configured as according to light with the communication of spectral analysis device 150
The signal that spectrum analysis device 150 exports is diagnosed.
It in intelligent diagnosis system provided in this embodiment, is diagnosed using neural network unit, the neural network
Unit can extract the spectroscopic data of spectral analysis device output and the further feature of chromatography information, and extractable high-level characteristic,
So as to state the nuance between different samples, therefore accuracy can be effectively improved.In addition, due to further feature reflection
It is very fine distinction, therefore the further feature by extracting data can not only be made a definite diagnosis, it can also be according to different
Minutia realizes pathology cycle evaluation, is diagnosed so as to fulfill qualitative and quantitative.
For example, neural network unit can be convolutional neural networks.Convolutional neural networks can effectively avoid using great amount of samples
Over-fitting problem caused by training.
For example, neural network unit may include processor, memory and neural network stored in memory coding
Or program.Processor can perform neural network coding or program to form neural network.
For example, in the intelligent diagnosis system provided in one example of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, endoscope 100 includes control
Device 160, the intelligent diagnosis system further include control unit 600, and control unit 600 is connected and is configured with the communication of controller 160
Scanning means 104 to be controlled to be scanned by controller 160.
For example, control unit 600 can be computer.
For example, in the intelligent diagnosis system provided in one example of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, light supply apparatus 120 can emit
White light and laser, control unit 600, which is connected with the communication of light supply apparatus 120 and is configured as control light supply apparatus 120, emits white light
Or laser.The endoscope can be made to exist by the way that light supply apparatus 120 is controlled to emit white light or laser by control unit 600 as a result,
It measures sample to be tested reflectance spectrum and chromatographs the pattern of information and measure the mould of sample to be tested Autofluorescence and Raman spectrum
Switch between formula.
For example, in the intelligent diagnosis system provided in one example of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, control unit 600 controls light
Source device 120 emits white light, the laser for the laser that excites Autofluorescence and for exciting Raman spectrum respectively, should
Neural network unit 500 further includes first nerves network element 510, nervus opticus network element 520 and third nerve network
Unit 530.Spectral analysis device 150 exports when first nerves network element 510 is used to emit white light according to light supply apparatus 120
Signal is handled and exports the first characterization parameter；Nervus opticus network element 520 is used to be used for according to the transmitting of light supply apparatus 120
The signal that spectral analysis device 150 exports when exciting the laser of Autofluorescence is handled and exports the second characterization parameter；
Spectrum analysis fills when third nerve network element 530 is used to emit the laser for exciting Raman spectrum according to light supply apparatus 120
The signal for putting 150 outputs is handled and exports third characterization parameter.As a result, the intelligent diagnosis system by sample to be tested not
Same information, i.e. reflectance spectrum information or chromatography information, Autofluorescence information and Raman spectral information are located respectively
Reason, so as to improve the accuracy rate of the intelligent diagnosis system.
For example, in the intelligent diagnosis system provided in one example of the present embodiment, neural network unit 500 is configured as basis
First characterization parameter, the second characterization parameter and third characterization parameter are diagnosed.For example, neural network unit 500 can be
One characterization parameter, the second characterization parameter and third characterization parameter just diagnose this when being all characterized as cancer or other diseases and treat test sample
This has cancer or other diseases, so as to further improve the accuracy rate of the intelligent diagnosis system.Certainly, packet of the embodiment of the present invention
It includes but is not limited to, other modes also can be used to utilize the first characterization parameter, the second characterization parameter and the in neural network unit
Three characterization parameters are diagnosed.
There is the following to need to illustrate：
(1) in attached drawing of the embodiment of the present invention, relate only to the present embodiments relate to structure, other structures can join
It examines and is commonly designed.
(2) in the absence of conflict, the feature in the same embodiment of the present invention and different embodiment can be combined with each other.
The specific embodiment of the above, the only disclosure, but the protection domain of the disclosure is not limited thereto, it is any
In the technical scope that those familiar with the art discloses in the disclosure, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, should all be contained
It covers within the protection domain of the disclosure.Therefore, the protection domain of the disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (18)
1. a kind of endoscope, including：
Probe；
Light supply apparatus；
Output terminal；And
The probe with the light supply apparatus and the output terminal connect and be configured as will be described by flexible connector respectively
The optical transport that light supply apparatus is sent out to the probe and the reflected light pass for receiving the probe to the output terminal,
Wherein, the probe includes dispersion means and scanning means, and the dispersion means are configured as to being filled from the light source
It puts and is transmitted to the light of the probe and is converged and increase effect of dispersion, the scanning means is configured as to being filled from the light source
The light for being transmitted to the probe is put into horizontal deflection to be scanned to sample to be tested.
2. endoscope according to claim 1, further includes：
Spectral analysis device is connected with the output terminal and is configured as dividing the reflected light for being transmitted to the output terminal
Analysis.
3. endoscope according to claim 1, wherein, the probe further includes：
Shell, the dispersion means, scanning means setting are in the housing.
4. endoscope according to claim 1, wherein, the dispersion means are arranged on the scanning means can far from described in
The side of flex connector.
5. endoscope according to claim 1, further includes：
Controller, the controller are connected with scanning means communication and are configured as that the scanning means is controlled to be swept
It retouches.
6. endoscope according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, the light supply apparatus includes white light emitter, institute
It states white light emitter and is configured as transmitting super continuous spectrums white light.
7. endoscope according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, the light supply apparatus includes laser emitter.
8. endoscope according to claim 7, wherein, the light supply apparatus includes tunable ultrashort pulse laser and light
Photonic crystal fiber, the tunable ultrashort pulse laser couple to generate super continuous spectrums white light with the photonic crystal fiber.
9. endoscope according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, the flexible connector includes optical fiber.
10. endoscope according to claim 9, further includes：
Fiber coupler,
Wherein, the flexible connector includes first connecting portion, second connecting portion and third connecting portion, first connection
Portion's connection probe and the fiber coupler, the second connecting portion connect the fiber coupler and light source dress
It puts, the third connecting portion connects the fiber coupler and the output terminal.
11. endoscope according to claim 10, wherein, the first connecting portion only includes an optical fiber.
12. a kind of imaging method of endoscope, wherein, the endoscope includes probe, light supply apparatus, output terminal and flexible
The probe is connect and is configured as respectively with the light supply apparatus and the output terminal by connector, the flexible connector
By the optical transport that the light supply apparatus is sent out to the probe and the reflected light pass for receiving the probe to the output
End, the probe include dispersion means and scanning means, and the dispersion means are configured as to being transmitted from the light supply apparatus
Light to the probe is converged and increases effect of dispersion, and the scanning means is configured as to being transmitted from the light supply apparatus
Extremely into horizontal deflection to be scanned to sample to be tested, the imaging method includes the light of the probe：
The light supply apparatus emits white light, and the white light is transmitted to the probe through the flexible connector；
The scanning means is to the white light into horizontal deflection to form a scanning element；
The dispersion means converge the white light and increase effect of dispersion being divided into the white light with different wave length
Multiple ingredients；
The multiple ingredient is focused in the different depth of the sample to be tested；
The multiple ingredient is at least partly exported through the dispersion means, scanning means to described after being reflected by the sample to be tested
Output terminal；
The depth of focus of the multiple ingredient is obtained according to the wavelength of the multiple ingredient of the output terminal；
The chromatography information of the scanning element is obtained according to the light intensity of the multiple ingredient of the output terminal and the depth of focus；
And
The scanning means changes deflection direction to be scanned and obtain the chromatography information of multiple scanning elements, described so as to obtain
The stereo-picture of sample to be tested.
13. the imaging method of endoscope according to claim 12, wherein, the endoscope further includes and the output terminal
It is connected and is configured as the spectral analysis device analyzed the reflected light for being transmitted to the output terminal, the imaging method packet
It includes：
The multiple ingredient of the curve of spectrum acquisition output terminal of the output terminal is obtained using the spectral analysis device
Wavelength and light intensity.
14. a kind of intelligent diagnosis system, including：
Endoscope；And
Neural network unit,
Wherein, the endoscope includes probe, light supply apparatus, output terminal, flexible connector and spectral analysis device, institute
Flexible connector is stated to connect the probe respectively with the light supply apparatus and the output terminal and be configured as the light
The optical transport that source device is sent out is to the probe and the reflected light pass for receiving the probe to the output terminal, the spy
Head includes dispersion means and scanning means, and the dispersion means are configured as to being transmitted to the probe from the light supply apparatus
Light converged and increase effect of dispersion, the scanning means is configured as to being transmitted to the probe from the light supply apparatus
Light into horizontal deflection to be scanned to sample to be tested, the spectral analysis device is connected with the output terminal and is configured as pair
The reflected light for being transmitted to the output terminal is analyzed,
The neural network unit is connected, and be configured as according to the spectral analysis device with spectral analysis device communication
The signal of output is diagnosed.
15. intelligent diagnosis system according to claim 14, wherein, the endoscope includes controller, and the intelligence is examined
Disconnected system further includes：
Control unit, described control unit are connected with controller communication and are configured as by described in controller control
Scanning means is scanned.
16. intelligent diagnosis system according to claim 15, wherein, the light supply apparatus is configured as transmitting white light and swashs
Light, described control unit are connected with light supply apparatus communication and are configured as controlling the light supply apparatus transmitting white light or swash
Light.
17. intelligent diagnosis system according to claim 16, wherein, described control unit controls the light supply apparatus difference
Transmitting white light, the laser for the laser that excites Autofluorescence and for exciting Raman spectrum, the neural network list
Member further includes：
First nerves network element, the spectral analysis device exports when being configured as emitting white light according to the light supply apparatus
Signal is handled and exports the first characterization parameter；
Nervus opticus network element, when being configured as emitting the laser for exciting Autofluorescence according to the light supply apparatus
The signal of the spectral analysis device output is handled and exports the second characterization parameter；And
Third nerve network element, described in when being configured as emitting laser for exciting Raman spectrum according to the light supply apparatus
The signal of spectral analysis device output is handled and exports third characterization parameter.
18. intelligent diagnosis system according to claim 17, wherein, the neural network unit is configured as according to
First characterization parameter, second characterization parameter and third characterization parameter are diagnosed.
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