CN108243432B - Prototype design method for wireless access and return integrated small base station - Google Patents
Prototype design method for wireless access and return integrated small base station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a prototype design method for a wireless access and return integrated small base station, belonging to the technical field of wireless communication. The method designs a scheme chart of integrating wireless access and backhaul according to the realization principle of a wireless self-backhaul system. Clearing signaling and data processing flow, and designing the user plane protocol stack layer of the wireless access and return integrated system. Based on backward compatibility of a TDD frame structure of LTE, the design of a new generation of wireless self-feedback frame structure supports wireless self-feedback of a small base station, and the design comprises a proper PHY layer framework, self-feedback subframe and common subframe design, a multiplexing mode of a feedback link control signal and an access link resource and the like. The invention can well fuse the wireless access link and the return link of the small base station and can realize the integrated design of the wireless self-return small base station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and relates to a prototype design method of a wireless access and return integrated small base station.
Background
With the popularization of intelligent terminals and the abundance of mobile broadband services, network flow is increasing continuously. In order to meet the rapid development of mobile data services, operators need to increase network capacity by acquiring more spectrum resources, increasing spectrum efficiency, and the like. Macro Base Stations (MBS) can achieve the purpose of increasing cell density by cell splitting or increasing the number of base stations, but the macro base stations have higher installation space requirements and are difficult to acquire station addresses. Therefore, in the upcoming 5G communication system, a low-power wireless access and backhaul integrated Small Base Station (SBS), that is, a wireless self-backhaul small base station, is taken as a key technology for realizing Ultra-dense network (UDN) deployment. The traditional mobile forward transmission and return transmission load is directly connected by a wired optical fiber, and the problems of serious resource consumption, difficult capacity expansion, complex site selection and deployment and the like exist. In order to reduce deployment cost and improve resource utilization rate, a mode of sharing wireless access and return link frequency spectrums in wireless communication is provided to improve wireless capacity. In order to promote the rapid popularization of the 5G related technology, the small base station supports line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenes by designing a prototype scheme of the wireless access and return integrated small base station and designing a new generation of wireless self-return frames, so that the small base station can be flexibly and conveniently installed, can be used in a plug-and-play mode, and greatly reduces communication time delay, equipment volume, power consumption and system deployment cost.
In the existing design method of the wireless access and return transmission integrated small base station, most of the existing design methods are solutions based on the traditional optical fiber and copper wire wired scene, and the problems of high cost, difficult deployment and the like are often ignored. In addition, the wireless transmission mode is adopted in the wireless access and return, and the waveform, frame structure, signaling, network architecture and the like of the current LTE need to be modified or redesigned, so that the design of a new generation of wireless air interface and protocol integrating the wireless access and return is completed. Therefore, developing new devices and schemes for transmitting and receiving at the same frequency, it is necessary to propose new wireless self-feedback frames.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a prototype design method for a radio access and backhaul integrated small cell, which includes a radio access and backhaul integrated scheme diagram, an analysis diagram at a user plane protocol stack level of a radio access and backhaul integrated system, a design diagram of a new generation frame structure of a radio self-backhaul, and the like. The wireless access link and the return link of the small base station are well fused, and the integrated communication of the wireless self-return small base station can be realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a prototype design method for a wireless access and return integrated small base station comprises the following steps:
s1: designing a wireless access and return integrated scheme according to the realization principle of a wireless self-return system;
s2: clearing signaling and data processing flows, and designing the user plane protocol stack layer of the wireless access and return integrated system;
s3: based on the backward compatibility of the LTE TDD frame structure, a new generation of wireless self-return frame structure is designed for supporting the wireless self-return of the small base station, and the method comprises the steps of designing a proper PHY layer framework, a self-return subframe, a normal subframe, a return link control signal and an access link resource multiplexing mode.
Further, the backward compatibility is compatibility in an LTE system, the base stations are interconnected through an X2 interface, a user plane and a control plane are respectively communicated with data and signaling through an X2-U and an X2-C, and a main transmission protocol of the user plane is GTP-U;
a system information processing device is added at the small base station side of the wireless communication network and is used for unpacking the data part and encapsulating the data into a data frame format from a high protocol layer to a low protocol layer, and the data transmission is completed by the communication between a physical layer and the macro base station and the processing mode of the user communication which is compatible with the processing mode of the LTE system; for an uplink of a wireless self-return network, in the process of processing data in the user plane protocol stack layer of a wireless access and return integrated small base station system, a device acts on a return link between a small base station and a macro base station and is used for completing the whole data transmission process; the application data of the user terminal is transmitted to a PDCP layer in an IP form, compressed and encrypted, and then transmitted to the small base station through an air interface from the high to low after passing through an RLC layer, an MAC layer and a PHY layer;
the wireless access and return integrated small base station analyzes an IP data packet, carries out GTP protocol encapsulation, and then processes software to unpack a data part and transmit the data part to a macro base station through an air interface, wherein the data part is carried out at the small base station;
the macro base station analyzes the data, transmits the data to the core network, and then carries out decapsulation and post-processing on the data by the core network equipment.
Further, the small base station is changed into information interaction with the macro base station through a new air interface from transmission through the Ethernet after being encapsulated through a GTP protocol.
Furthermore, the device for processing the system information is added on the small base station side of the wireless communication network and is realized by software running on a Linux server.
Further, the wireless self-feedback new generation frame structure is divided into a plurality of areas with different purposes, and each area occupies one or more subframes.
Further, the wireless self-feedback new generation frame structure separately designs a self-feedback sub-frame and a common sub-frame during design;
placing a BHL (backhaul link) subframe and an ACL (access link) subframe of a small base station with integrated wireless access and backhaul in the same subframe; multiplexing a return link control signal and an access link control signal of the wireless access and return integrated small base station in a time division multiplexing mode; realizing the simultaneous transmission of signaling and data on the same frame;
a wireless frame period T of a wireless self-return new generation frame structures10ms, including 10 sub-frames of 0-9, each sub-frame period length is TnEach subframe comprises 28 time slots of 0-27, and each time slot has a period Tslot＝1/28ms。
Further, the wireless self-feedback new generation frame structure comprises 5 areas, which are respectively configured by an access uplink area, a feedback uplink area, an access downlink area, a feedback downlink area and a time slot protection area;
the access uplink region sequentially comprises an access uplink control signaling subframe, an access uplink data transmission subframe and a GP guard interval;
the return uplink region sequentially comprises a return uplink control signaling subframe, a return uplink data transmission subframe and a GP guard interval;
the return downlink region sequentially comprises a return downlink control signaling subframe, a return downlink data transmission subframe and a GP guard interval;
the return downlink region sequentially comprises a return downlink control signaling subframe, a return downlink data transmission subframe and a GP guard interval;
the time slot protection zone is used for each control signaling subframe or each data transmission subframe, and is provided with one or more protection intervals GP;
in order to reduce the times of multiple alternation of an UpLink region (UpLink, UL) and a DownLink region (DownLink, DL), the UpLink region and a backhaul UpLink region are jointly configured, and an access DownLink region and a backhaul DownLink region are jointly configured;
in order to avoid generating more transmission time delay when the control signaling subframe and the data transmission subframe are alternated, the uplink control signaling subframe and the downlink control signaling subframe are jointly configured, and the uplink data transmission subframe and the downlink data transmission subframe are jointly configured;
the initial M time slots are used for signaling transmission, including access/return and downlink/uplink control signaling, and one or more guard intervals GP are arranged between each signaling transmission time slot;
the subsequent K time slots are used for data transmission, including access/backhaul and downlink/uplink data, with one or more guard intervals between each data transmission time slot;
the sum of M and K slots is one subframe, i.e., the number L of all symbols of one period is 28.
Further, in the wireless self-return new generation frame structure, the values of the number M of time slots for signaling transmission and the number K of time slots for data transmission are dynamically configured according to the requirements of downlink transmission rate, uplink transmission rate and cellular coverage.
Further, in the sub-frame period TnAn inner time slot configured as DL for implementing resource allocation indication and other system control information;
configured as UL, the user transmits feedback information including buffer status information, QoS type, and Channel Quality Indicator (CQI).
Further, when the data traffic of the DL is greater than the UL, there are: based on the basis of the number of return time slots > the number of access time slots and the number of downlink time slots > the number of uplink time slots, 27 time slot ratios in the wireless self-return TDD mode are obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the design scheme of the wireless access and return integrated small base station, the invention changes the original solution based on the traditional optical fiber and copper wire wired scene, provides a method for integrating the wireless access and return system into an integrated system, reduces the cost of the small base station, and solves the problems of difficult deployment and the like. The frame structure of the current LTE is modified and a new generation frame structure integrating wireless access and return is designed, under the condition that other hardware parts of the existing network do not need to be changed, the deployment of the wireless access and return integrated small base station only needs to be additionally provided with a device at the base station side for sending and receiving information under the same frequency, and an access and return system is technically and morphologically integrated into a set of system to greatly reduce the volume and power consumption of equipment, reduce the deployment cost of the system and be beneficial to the rapid commercial popularization of dense networking and high-frequency communication systems.
Drawings
In order to make the object, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the invention more clear, the invention provides the following drawings for explanation:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless access and backhaul integrated small cell;
fig. 2 is a user plane protocol discovery of an uplink of a wireless access and backhaul integrated small cell system;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of a wireless access and backhaul integrated small base station;
fig. 4 is a specific example diagram of a configuration ratio of wireless self-return new generation frame structure access UL, return UL, access DL, and return DL being 3:5:9: 11.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 illustrates a wireless access and backhaul integrated small base station scheme, which includes a core network 101, a Macro Base Station (MBS) 102, a Small Base Station (SBS) 103, a User (UEs) 104, a wireless device 105, a wireless backhaul link 106, and a wireless access link 107. In this embodiment, based on the LTE system, the base station and the base station are connected by an X2 interface and an optical fiber, and the user plane communicates through an X2-U interface, where the main protocol is GTP-U. After the wireless self-return system is introduced into the SBS103, the SBS103 changes from the original transmission through ethernet after being encapsulated by the GTP protocol to the interaction with the MBS102 through the air interface, and then a software running on the Linux server needs to be added to the SBS103 side, that is, the wireless device 105 unpacks the encapsulation of the data part and processes the data part into a data frame format for PHY communication, and finally the processing part is consistent with the processing of the LTE system, thereby completing the data transmission.
Referring to fig. 2, a user plane protocol stack of an uplink of the integrated radio access and backhaul small cell system is shown. The system comprises a user 201, a wireless access and backhaul integrated small cell 202, an integrated small cell internal transmission process 203, an LTE small cell 204, processing software 205 of a wireless device, a macro cell 206, a service gateway or a data packet gateway 207 and the like. For the uplink of the wireless access and return integrated small base station system, the transmission process of user data on a user plane protocol stack is as follows: application data of the user UE terminal 201 is transmitted to the PDCP layer in an IP format, and is compressed, encrypted, and the like, and then the data is transmitted to the LTE small base station 204 through an air interface after passing through the RLC layer, the MAC layer, and the PHY layer from high to low. The SBS204 parses out the IP packet, performs the transmission processing 203 inside the integrated small cell, such as encapsulating the GTP protocol, and transmits the packet in the form of a user packet at the application layer. Then, the processing software 205 of the wireless device unpacks the encapsulation of the data portion and transmits the data portion to the MBS206 through the air interface, the MBS206 parses the data and transmits the data to the core network, and then the service gateway or the data packet gateway 207 of the core network unpacks the data for post-processing. The whole transmission process is completed.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of a small base station integrating wireless access and backhaul. The figure includes a core network 301, an MBS302, a wireless access and backhaul integrated SBS303, a UE304, a wireless backhaul downlink 305, a wireless backhaul uplink 306, a wireless access downlink 307, and a wireless access uplink 308. The UEs data packets are transmitted to the MBS302 through the core network 301, then the macro base station user data packets are directly transmitted to the macro user, and the SBS303 integrating wireless access and backhaul receives the small base Station User (SUEs) data packets from the MBS302 and forwards the small base station user data packets to the small base station user through the wireless access downlink 307. In the whole process, the SBS303 with integrated radio access and backhaul is a small base station that receives and forwards data at the same time, which means that the SBS303 with integrated radio access and backhaul receives data sent by the MBS302 through the downlink 305 and uplink 306, and then forwards the data to the end user UE304 through the downlink 307 and uplink 308. Wherein the wireless backhaul downlink 305, the wireless backhaul uplink 306, the wireless access downlink 307, and the wireless access uplink 308 share the same spectrum bandwidth, and all use time division multiplexing. Therefore, a further separation concept can be adopted to further split the SBS303 with integrated radio access and backhaul into four parts, namely, a user side 3031, a base station side 3032, a base station side to user side internal downlink 3033, and a user side to base station side internal uplink 3034.
Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a diagram of an embodiment of a wireless self-return new generation frame structure configuration ratio of 3:5:9:11 for access UL, return UL, access DL and return DL, and a wireless frame period T of a wireless self-return new generation frames10ms, containing 10 sub-frames, each having a period length of TnEach subframe contains 28 slots with a period T of each slot, 1ms slot1/28 ms. The wireless self-return new generation frame sequentially comprises 5 areas which are respectively configured by an access uplink area, a return uplink area, an access downlink area, a return downlink area and a time slot protection area; the access uplink region sequentially comprises an access uplink control signaling subframe, an access uplink data transmission subframe and a GP guard interval; the return uplink region sequentially comprises a return uplink control signaling subframe, a return uplink data transmission subframe and a GP guard interval; the return downlink region sequentially comprises a return downlink control signaling subframe, a return downlink data transmission subframe and a GP guard interval; the return downlink region sequentially comprises a return downlink control signaling subframe, a return downlink data transmission subframe and a GP guard interval; the time slot protection zone is used for each control signaling subframe or each data transmission subframe, and can have one or more protection intervals GP; the specific implementation steps are as follows:
s1: the initial M time slots are used for signaling transmission, including access/return and downlink/uplink control signaling, and one or more guard intervals GP are arranged between each signaling transmission time slot;
s2: the subsequent K time slots are used for data transmission, including access/backhaul and downlink/uplink data, with one or more guard intervals between each data transmission time slot;
the sum of M and K time slots is the number L of all symbols of one sub-frame (namely one period) is 28S 3;
s4: in the wireless self-return new generation frame, the values of the number M of time slots for signaling transmission and the number K of time slots for data transmission can be dynamically configured according to the requirements of downlink transmission rate, uplink transmission rate and cellular coverage;
s5 in a sub-frame period TnTime slots in the system are configured as DL which can be used for realizing resource allocation indication, other control information of the system and the like;
s6, the UL configured available users transmit feedback information, such as: buffer status information, QoS type, Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), and the like;
the specific example of fig. 4 is for reference, and in the practical application process, the specific example is not limited to 1.
As shown in table 1, 27 slot ratios are shown in the wireless self-return new generation frame TDD mode.
The analytical procedure was as follows:
s1: since GP needs at least 7 and signaling needs at least 4, these are defined to be transmitted in DL, and at most 17 slots are left for data transmission;
s2: considering that the data traffic of DL is larger than UL, at least the time slot for DL data transmission should be configured with 9, and the total number of DL time slots is at least 20 in addition to the 11 time slots transmitted in DL defined above.
S3: UL for access and backhaul: the ratio of DL access and backhaul may be 8:207:216:225:234:243:252:261: 27;
s4: since there are at least 7 GPs, the number of UL or DL slots should be greater than 7 in order to make the transmission more efficient.
In summary, the UL: the ratio of the DL access and backhaul is determined to be 8: 20. Based on the basis that the number of the return time slots is larger than the number of the access time slots and the number of the downlink time slots is larger than the number of the uplink time slots, 27 time slot ratios in the wireless self-return TDD mode are obtained.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A prototype design method for a wireless access and return transmission integrated small base station is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: designing a wireless access and return integrated scheme according to the realization principle of a wireless self-return system;
s2: clearing signaling and data processing flows, and designing the user plane protocol stack layer of the wireless access and return integrated system;
s3: based on the backward compatibility of the LTE TDD frame structure, a new generation of wireless self-return frame structure is designed for supporting the wireless self-return of the small base station, and the method comprises the steps of designing a proper PHY layer frame, a self-return subframe, a normal subframe, a return link control signal and access link resource multiplexing mode;
the backward compatibility is compatibility in an LTE system, the base stations are interconnected through an X2 interface, a user plane and a control plane respectively carry out data and signaling communication through X2-U and X2-C, and the main transmission protocol of the user plane is GTP-U;
a system information processing device is added at the small base station side of the wireless communication network and is used for unpacking the data part and encapsulating the data into a data frame format from a high protocol layer to a low protocol layer, and the data transmission is completed by the communication between a physical layer and the macro base station and the processing mode of the user communication which is compatible with the processing mode of the LTE system; for an uplink of a wireless self-return network, in the process of processing data in the user plane protocol stack layer of a wireless access and return integrated small base station system, a device acts on a return link between a small base station and a macro base station and is used for completing the whole data transmission process; the application data of the user terminal is transmitted to a PDCP layer in an IP form, compressed and encrypted, and then transmitted to the small base station through an air interface from the high to low after passing through an RLC layer, an MAC layer and a PHY layer;
the wireless access and return integrated small base station analyzes an IP data packet, carries out GTP protocol encapsulation, and then processes software to unpack a data part and transmit the data part to a macro base station through an air interface, wherein the data part is carried out at the small base station;
the macro base station analyzes the data, transmits the data to the core network, and then decapsulates the data by the core network equipment for post-processing;
when the wireless self-return new generation frame structure is designed, a self-return subframe and a common subframe are separately designed;
placing a wireless access and return integrated small base station return link subframe BHL and an access link ACL subframe in the same subframe; multiplexing a return link control signal and an access link control signal of the wireless access and return integrated small base station in a time division multiplexing mode; realizing the simultaneous transmission of signaling and data on the same frame;
a wireless frame period T of a wireless self-return new generation frame structures10ms, including 10 sub-frames of 0-9, each sub-frame period length is TnEach subframe comprises 28 time slots of 0-27, and each time slot has a period Tslot＝1/28ms；
The wireless self-return new generation frame structure comprises 5 areas, namely an access uplink area, a return uplink area, an access downlink area, a return downlink area and a time slot protection area;
the access uplink region sequentially comprises an access uplink control signaling subframe, an access uplink data transmission subframe and a GP guard interval;
the return uplink region sequentially comprises a return uplink control signaling subframe, a return uplink data transmission subframe and a GP guard interval;
the return downlink region sequentially comprises a return downlink control signaling subframe, a return downlink data transmission subframe and a GP guard interval;
the return downlink region sequentially comprises a return downlink control signaling subframe, a return downlink data transmission subframe and a GP guard interval;
the time slot protection zone is used for each control signaling subframe or each data transmission subframe, and is provided with one or more protection intervals GP;
in order to reduce the times of multiple alternation of an uplink region UL and a downlink region DL, the uplink region and a return uplink region are jointly configured, and an access downlink region and a return downlink region are jointly configured;
in order to avoid generating more transmission time delay when the control signaling subframe and the data transmission subframe are alternated, the uplink control signaling subframe and the downlink control signaling subframe are jointly configured, and the uplink data transmission subframe and the downlink data transmission subframe are jointly configured;
the initial M time slots are used for signaling transmission, including access/return and downlink/uplink control signaling, and one or more guard intervals GP are arranged between each signaling transmission time slot;
the subsequent K time slots are used for data transmission, including access/backhaul and downlink/uplink data, with one or more guard intervals between each data transmission time slot;
the sum of M and K slots is one subframe, i.e., the number L of all symbols of one period is 28.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the small base station is converted into information interaction with the macro base station through a new air interface from transmission through the Ethernet after being encapsulated through a GTP protocol.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the device for processing the system information is added on the small base station side of the wireless communication network and is realized by software running on a Linux server.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the wireless self-feedback new generation frame structure is compatible with the TDD frame structure of the LTE and is divided into a plurality of areas with different purposes, and each area occupies one or more subframes.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: in the wireless self-return new generation frame structure, the values of the number M of time slots for signaling transmission and the number K of time slots for data transmission are dynamically configured according to the requirements of downlink transmission rate, uplink transmission rate and cellular coverage.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: in the sub-frame period TnAn inner time slot configured as DL for implementing resource allocation indication and other system control information;
configured as UL, the user transmits feedback information including buffer status information, QoS type, and channel quality indicator CQI.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: when the data traffic of the DL is greater than the UL, there are: based on the basis of the number of return time slots > the number of access time slots and the number of downlink time slots > the number of uplink time slots, 27 time slot ratios in the wireless self-return TDD mode are obtained.
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| CN104581816A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-29 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | Method, apparatus, anchor point and system for data multi-streaming transmission |
| CN106604300A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-26 | 北京邮电大学 | Small cell base station self-energy-supply self-back-transmission method based on technologies of full duplex and large-scale antennas |
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