CN108236491B - Fracture external fixation frame with adjustable axial stress between bone blocks - Google Patents
Fracture external fixation frame with adjustable axial stress between bone blocks Download PDFInfo
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- CN108236491B CN108236491B CN201611211363.5A CN201611211363A CN108236491B CN 108236491 B CN108236491 B CN 108236491B CN 201611211363 A CN201611211363 A CN 201611211363A CN 108236491 B CN108236491 B CN 108236491B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/60—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
- A61B17/64—Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned
- A61B17/6441—Bilateral fixators, i.e. with both ends of pins or wires clamped
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/60—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
- A61B17/64—Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned
- A61B17/645—Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned comprising a framework
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/60—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
- A61B17/64—Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned
- A61B17/6491—Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned allowing small-scale motion of bone ends
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/60—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
- A61B17/66—Alignment, compression or distraction mechanisms
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fracture external fixation frame, in particular to a fracture external fixation frame with adjustable axial pressure among bone blocks, which belongs to an external fixation device for fracture treatment and solves the problem that the fracture can not be properly pressurized when the existing fracture fixation device is used for stably fixing the fracture; the plug or the interface is internally provided with a spring device (one or more of a metal spring, a gas spring and an elastic substance cushion), and the plug or the interface forms a connecting device capable of adjusting axial stress among the bone blocks after being inserted, and the segmented hacks are combined into an integral combined hack lever through the connecting device. The elastic force of the whole spring device can be adjusted to change the acting force of the connecting device on the two frame rods at the two sides of the connecting device in the long axis direction, so as to adjust the axial stress between the bone blocks. The invention is used for fixing the fracture, can avoid excessive stress shielding while stably fixing the fracture, can realize flexible quantitative regulation and control on the axial pressure between the bone blocks, ensures that the axial pressure is in a proper level meeting the requirement of fracture healing, and promotes the fracture healing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to an external fracture fixing frame with adjustable axial stress between bone blocks.
Background
When in clinical treatment of fracture, the fracture needs to be reset and fixed, the anatomical relationship among fracture blocks is restored, the stability of bones is reconstructed, and the physiological function of the bones as a human body support is restored; at the same time, it is desirable to provide a suitable biological environment for fracture healing, such as minimizing damage to soft tissues and periosteum, maintaining adequate blood circulation, and maintaining adequate compression between fracture fragments to promote fracture healing. Modern fracture treatment provides a new BO (biological osteosynthesis) concept on the basis of AO principle, attaches importance to mechanical and mechanical properties of fracture fixation, attaches importance to biological properties of fixation, reduces surgical trauma by using an indirect reduction mode, and promotes callus formation by using a relatively elastic fixation mode. The early AO principle of fracture treatment requires strong fixation and absolute stability, the new AO principle is changed into the one requiring stable fixation and relative stability, and the micromotion of the fracture end in the elastic fixation is considered to stimulate the rapid growth of callus and reduce the complications caused by the excessively strong fixation. When the existing fracture fixation equipment (external fracture fixation bracket, intramedullary nail or internal fixation bone plate) is used for elastically fixing the fracture, if the fixation strength is proper, the fracture is stably fixed, and proper micromotion is generated among fracture blocks, so that callus formation can be stimulated to further heal the fracture; if the fixation strength is too low, the stability is insufficient, the mobility between fracture blocks is too large, and fracture nonunion (proliferative fracture nonunion) still occurs although a large amount of callus exists; if the fixation strength is too high, the fracture blocks are too stable and cannot generate effective micromotion, the callus growth cannot be effectively stimulated, and fracture nonunion (atrophic fracture nonunion) is formed. When the existing fracture fixation devices are adopted to perform elastic fixation on fracture, the improvement of the stability of fracture fixation and the preservation of micromotion among bone blocks are contradictory. For example, when a locking bone fracture plate (LCP) which is widely applied at present is applied to fracture fixation, because the stability of locking nail fixation is high, when fracture is fixed in a small span manner by a short steel plate, the fixation to the fracture is too strong, stress shielding can be caused, the fracture cannot be healed due to insufficient micromotion among fracture blocks, and meanwhile, the probability of steel plate fracture is increased due to stress concentration. In order to reduce stress shielding and obtain a certain micromotion between bone blocks, a bridging technology is adopted, namely a longer steel plate is selected, the span is increased, and fixing screws are reduced. Thus, after the span is increased, the fracture is allowed to slightly move through the deformation of the bone plate, the technology actually sacrifices part of the stability brought by using a longer steel plate to obtain a certain degree of slight movement between fracture blocks, but the use of the longer steel plate actually increases the surgical trauma. This kind of fracture is not always successful, and it is often difficult to combine both fracture stability and maintaining the micro-motion between fracture blocks in more complicated cases, for example, when a complicated comminuted fracture of a long bone is fixed by a conventional unilateral external fixation frame, the stability of the fracture end is often insufficient, lateral displacement, angular displacement and rotational displacement are easily generated, and some orthopedic surgeons may add limited internal fixation (fixing limited regions on both sides of the fracture end by a short built-in steel plate) to enhance stability while fixing the fracture by the external fixation frame, because in the case of very unstable fracture itself, the reconstruction of the stability of the bone is very difficult even if the micro-motion between fracture blocks is not considered at all, but the addition of limited internal fixation inevitably limits the micro-motion between fracture blocks at the fracture end, and thus, atrophic fracture is easily not healed. In recent years, doctors try to place LCP outside the body as an external bracket for fixing the fracture, and a better treatment effect is achieved, but the contradiction between the improvement of the fixing stability and the preservation of the moderate micromotion between the bone blocks is also existed. The situation when fixing a fracture with the existing external fixation bracket is similar to the situation when using the locking bone plate as an external bracket. In fracture fixation, axial compression between bone fragments to properly compress the bone fragments is beneficial for stimulating callus growth and promoting fracture healing, while other forms of displacement tendencies (lateral displacement, distraction displacement, rotational displacement) are considered to be detrimental to callus formation fracture healing; for example, a research group led by Uhthoff considers: the only method to improve the healing of sub-laminar fractures is to construct micro-motion of the fracture point, but the micro-motion must be limited in the direction of the long axis, and bending, torsion, and shear motion must be limited (Backman D, Uhthoff H, Poitras P, et al. mechanical performance of a fracture plate in vivo inserts [ J ]. J Bone Joint Surg produced Br,2004,86(Suppl): 300.); maintaining a moderate micromotion between the fracture fragments means maintaining a moderate axial compression between the fracture fragments. The contradiction when the existing fracture fixing equipment is adopted to fix the fracture is that: if the fracture end is firmly fixed, stress shielding can be generated; while limiting the harmful transverse, separation and rotary displacement among the bone blocks, the axial pressure among the bone fracture blocks is also reduced, so that callus growth cannot be effectively stimulated, and fracture nonunion (atrophic fracture nonunion) is caused by insufficient callus generation amount; if the stability of the sacrifice part leads to micromotion among bone blocks at the fracture end, the tendency of transverse, separation and rotary displacement is increased, the gap among the bone blocks is easily enlarged, the fracture contraposition is poor, and the fracture cannot heal although callus is formed (hyperplastic fracture does not heal). In summary, when the existing fracture fixation device is used for elastically fixing the fracture, the stability of fracture fixation is improved and the micromotion between the bone blocks is preserved, so that the proper axial compression between the bone blocks at the fracture end can not be maintained while the fixation is kept stable enough, and the fracture is not easy to heal.
Disclosure of Invention
The fracture fixation device aims to solve the problem that when the existing fracture fixation device is used for fixing and stabilizing the fracture, the fracture can not be properly pressurized. The invention provides a fracture external fixation frame with adjustable axial pressure among bone blocks, which can stably fix the fracture, avoid excessive stress shielding, realize flexible quantitative regulation and control on the axial pressure among the bone blocks, ensure that the axial pressure is in a proper level and promote fracture healing.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the hack lever (can be a steel plate or a connecting rod) is segmented (divided into two or more segments), one end or two ends of each segment of the hack lever are provided with a plug or an interface, a spring device (one or more of a metal spring, a gas spring and an elastic substance cushion) is arranged in the plug or the interface, the plug and the interface are spliced to form a connecting device capable of adjusting axial stress between the bone blocks, the segmented hack levers form an integral combined hack lever through the connecting device, and the combined hack lever is used as a main bracket of the external fixing frame. The steel plate is used as an external fixing frame of the hack lever, the hole on the steel plate is a locking hole, the used screw is a locking screw, and the tail part of the locking screw is screwed in the locking hole to connect and fix the screw and the steel plate. The connecting rod is used as an external fixing frame of the hack lever, and the screw of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the connecting rod through the clamp. The acting force of the connecting device on the two sections of the frame rods on the two sides of the connecting device in the long axis direction can be adjusted by adjusting the elastic force of the spring device, so that the axial stress between the bone blocks is adjusted. The spring device can be a metal spring, an air spring or an elastic substance cushion, or two or three of the three spring devices can be combined to form a combined spring device. The spring device can be used alone without being connected with the transmission device (for example, the gas spring is used as the spring device in fig. 5, 6 and 11, and no transmission device is arranged); the device can also be connected with a transmission device (for example, a metal spring is used as a spring device in fig. 7 and is connected with a hydraulic transmission device, a metal spring is used as a spring device in fig. 8 and is connected with a mechanical transmission device, an elastic substance pad is used as a spring device in fig. 9 and is connected with a hydraulic transmission device, and an elastic substance pad is used as a spring device in fig. 10 and is connected with a mechanical transmission device), force transmission is completed through the transmission device, and the elastic force of the spring device is adjusted more conveniently through the transmission device. The shape of the plug and the shape of the inner wall of the interface are non-right circular (octagonal is preferred in fig. 12), the contact surfaces are smooth and tightly attached to eliminate mutual rotation displacement and angular displacement and allow mutual sliding in the long axis direction; the outer wall of interface is circular, have the screw thread, the external diameter of interface and the internal diameter of lid shape set nut 5 suit, lid shape set nut 5 is a nut of area lid, have the trompil on its capping, its inner wall screw thread suits with the screw thread of interface outer wall, the trompil on the lid shape set nut capping allows the hack lever to pass through, great plug can't pass through, after plug and interface are pegged graft, make lid shape set nut along the screw thread removal to suitable position, the relative position of plug and interface will be injectd to the lid shape set nut, the separation displacement of this position is surpassed for the interface to the restriction plug, and do not restrict the relative slip between plug and the interface. The integral combined hack lever formed by combining the segmented hack levers through the connecting device can be used independently as a main bracket (for example, figure 3) or can be used after being installed with an auxiliary bracket (for example, figure 4) so as to increase the fixing angle of a screw, expand the fixing range and increase the fixing strength. When the fracture is reset and the combined frame rods are used for fixing, the elasticity of the spring device in the connecting device is adjusted to a proper level according to the load born by the fracture part, so that the pressure between the bone blocks at the fracture end is realized (for example, in the rest period after the fracture operation of the limbs, the load born by the limbs is small, the elasticity of the spring device can be adjusted to be tensile force, so that the pressure between the two frame rods is realized, for example, in the functional exercise period after the fracture operation of the limbs, the load with larger strength is born by the limbs, the elasticity of the spring device can be adjusted to be pressure, when the axial pressure load born by the limbs is smaller than the spring pressure, the spring device is not compressed, the load is completely transmitted from one end of the limbs to the other end of the limbs through the frame rods, the pressure between the bone blocks at the fracture end is not increased, and when the axial pressure load born by the bones exceeds the spring pressure, the spring device is compressed, the excessive load can be partially, axial compression between the bone blocks is realized, and the pressure of the spring is adjusted according to the strength of the axial load born by the limb, so that the load transmitted to the fracture end can be in a proper level, and the axial pressure between the bone blocks can be kept in a proper level).
The invention has the advantages that the fracture can be stably fixed, excessive stress shielding can be avoided, the flexible quantitative regulation and control of the axial pressure between the bone blocks can be realized, the axial pressure is in a proper level, and the fracture healing is promoted. Not only can fix the fracture with high stability, but also can keep moderate micromotion (moderate axial compression) between fracture blocks. The high stability of the fracture is kept while the moderate micromotion between the fracture blocks is kept, so that the fractured bone can move early, and the muscular atrophy, the joint stiffness and the disuse osteoporosis caused by the disuse of limbs after the fracture fixation are relieved. The fracture can be fixed with high stability, and simultaneously the stress shielding of the fracture end can not occur, so that the bone blocks at the fracture end are properly pressurized, the generated callus has good quality and high strength, and the risk of fracture after internal fixation is removed is reduced. Because the axial pressure between the bone blocks is adjustable, the strength of the functional exercise does not influence the axial pressure between the bone blocks, and the rehabilitation training amount can be flexibly arranged according to the individual difference of different patients. When the invention is used for fixing a plurality of fractures of the same limb, because the axial pressure among the bone blocks is adjustable, the axial pressure of different intensities can be set for each fracture according to the stability after fixation and the callus growth condition, and the functional exercise of the limb under the same intensity can not cause the mutual interference among different healing processes of different fracture parts. When the invention is used for fixing the fracture, because the high stability of the fracture is obtained and the moderate micromotion among fracture blocks is not lost, the invention can allow the fixation with higher strength, and can add a secondary bracket to increase the fixing angle, enlarge the fixing range and increase the fixing stability.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the appearance diagram of the external fixing frame which takes the steel plate as the frame rod and is connected by the connecting device is shown;
FIG. 2: the appearance diagram of the external fixing frame which takes the connecting rod as the frame rod and is connected by the connecting device is shown;
FIG. 3: the embodiment is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of fixing two fractures on the same long bone by adopting a combined frame rod (serving as a main bracket) formed by combining three sections of steel plates into a whole body;
FIG. 4: the schematic diagram of the embodiment of fixing the fracture close to the metaphysis by placing an auxiliary bracket (increasing the fixing angle and expanding the fixing range) for a combined frame rod (serving as a main bracket) which combines two sections of steel plates into a whole;
FIG. 5: the connecting device with a gas spring is adopted to connect two sections of steel plates, and the outer fixing frame of the integrated combined frame rod is combined into a section view;
FIG. 6: is a sectional view of the connecting device using a gas spring as a spring device;
FIG. 7: is a sectional view of a connecting device which adopts hydraulic transmission and takes a metal spring as a spring device;
FIG. 8: is a sectional view of a connecting device which adopts mechanical transmission and takes a metal spring as a spring device;
FIG. 9: is a sectional view of a connecting device which adopts hydraulic transmission and takes an elastic substance pad as a spring device;
FIG. 10: is a sectional view of a connecting device which adopts mechanical transmission and takes an elastic substance pad as a spring device;
FIG. 11: is a sectional view of a connecting device adopting a combined spring device (a gas spring and an elastic substance pad are combined); FIG. 12: the schematic diagram of the cross section of the plug after being plugged with the interface;
FIG. 13: is a schematic cover surface view of a cover-shaped positioning nut;
FIG. 14: the cross section of the main bracket of the external fixing frame with the steel plate as the hack lever;
FIG. 15: is a cross section view of an auxiliary bracket of an external fixing bracket using a steel plate as a hack lever;
FIG. 16: is a cross section view when the main bracket and the auxiliary bracket of the external fixing bracket which takes the steel plate as the hack lever are combined for use.
Description of reference numerals:
1-interface of the connecting device; 2-a plug for connecting the device; 3-gas spring (pneumatic cylinder filled with air);
3.1-hydraulic cylinder filled with liquid; 4-gas (liquid) filled hole; 5-cover-shaped positioning screw cap;
6-metal spring; 6.1-elastic substance pad; 7-a driving plate; 7.1 drive plate for mechanical drives
8-a compression nut; 9-a pressure-bearing ball bearing; 10-main support with steel plate as external fixing frame of hack lever;
11, using a steel plate as a secondary bracket of an external fixing frame of the hack lever; 12-a screw; 13-bone;
14, using the connecting rod as a main connecting rod of the frame rod; 15-a clip for connecting the connecting rod and the screw; 16-screw.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in the embodiment 1, the main support 10 with steel plates as the support rods (two steel plates are combined into an integral combined support rod by a connecting device with a gas spring) is connected with the screws 16, and the external fixing frame is formed by the two steel plates together with the connecting device with the gas spring as shown in fig. 1 and 5. The steel plate is divided into two sections, the interface 1 with the connecting device and the plug 2 of the connecting device are respectively arranged, the plug and the interface are inserted to form the connecting device, the closed space is a pneumatic cylinder 3 filled with air, the closed pneumatic cylinder 3 filled with air becomes an air spring device due to the compressibility of the air, the air can be filled or drawn out through an air filling hole 4, the elasticity of the air spring is changed, a barometer can be connected through the air filling hole (or another hole can be formed in the pneumatic cylinder), the air pressure in the air chamber is measured, the elasticity of the air spring can be estimated by combining the cross section area of the air spring, and therefore the elasticity is quantitatively controlled. The outer wall of the interface is circular and is provided with threads, the outer diameter of the interface is matched with the inner diameter of the cover-shaped positioning screw cap 5, the cover-shaped positioning screw cap 5 is a screw cap with a cover, the cover surface of the cover-shaped positioning screw cap is provided with an opening, the threads of the inner wall of the cover-shaped positioning screw cap are matched with the threads of the outer wall of the interface, the opening on the cover surface of the cover-shaped positioning screw cap allows a hack lever to pass through, a larger plug cannot pass through, after the plug is plugged with the interface, the cover-shaped positioning screw cap moves to a proper position along the threads, the cover-shaped positioning screw cap limits the relative position of the plug and the interface, the separation and displacement of the plug relative to the interface beyond the position are limited, and the plug and the interface do not slide. The segmented steel plates are combined into an integral combined frame rod through a connecting device, when the combined frame rod is used as a main support for fixing fracture, a certain amount of air is reserved in a pneumatic cylinder, when the fracture is reset, the skeleton and the combined frame rod are fixed together through screws (the tail parts of locking screws are screwed into locking holes in the steel plates) like when other external fixing frames are used for fixing the fracture, the fixation is completed (the long axis of the frame rod and the long axis of the skeleton are kept parallel by paying attention to), and then the elasticity of an air spring is adjusted according to the axial load born by limbs, so that the compression between fracture blocks at the fracture end is realized. For example, when the affected limb is kept in a resting state after an operation (the limb does not bear axial load or bears a small amount of axial load), part of air can be pumped out through the air charging hole to enable the air spring to output tension, two steel plates on two sides of the connecting device are pulled to be close to each other in the long axis direction, so that the bone blocks at the fracture end after reset can be more tightly jointed and axial pressurization can be obtained, the cover-shaped positioning screw cap is appropriately screwed down to fix the position of the plug and ensure that the plug and the interface cannot be separated and displaced beyond the position, an air pressure meter can be connected through the air charging hole (or an additional hole can be formed in the pneumatic cylinder), the air pressure is measured, the tension output by the spring device is calculated, and quantitative control of the axial pressurization force between the fracture blocks is realized. For example, when starting limb function exercise after fracture fixation (the limb bears a certain amount of axial compression load), firstly, it is confirmed that the cap-shaped positioning screw cap is screwed, the steel plates at the two ends of the connecting device are not separated and displaced, then the elasticity of the air spring is adjusted, air is filled through the air filling hole, so that the air spring outputs pressure (due to the limitation of the cap-shaped positioning screw cap, the steel plates at the two ends of the connecting device are not separated and displaced, and the fracture blocks are not separated and displaced), when the axial compression load borne by the limb is smaller than the pressure of the air spring, the air spring is not compressed, the load is completely transmitted from one end of the limb to the other end of the limb through the frame rod, no compression exists among the bone blocks at the fracture end, when the axial compression load borne by the skeleton exceeds the pressure of the air spring, the air spring is compressed, and the, the axial compression between the bone blocks is realized, the pressure of the air spring is adjusted according to the strength of the axial load born by the limb, the load transmitted to the fracture end can be in a proper level, and the axial pressure between the bone blocks can be kept in a proper level.
In embodiment 2, the main support 10 with steel plates as the support rods (two steel plates are combined into an integrated combined support rod by a connecting device, the spring device in the connecting device can be a gas spring 3, see fig. 5 and 6, can be a metal spring 6, see fig. 7 and 8, can be an elastic substance pad 6.1, see fig. 9 and 10, or two or three of the three spring devices can be combined to form a combined spring device, see fig. 11), and is connected with a screw 16, see fig. 1, to form an external fixing frame together.
In embodiment 3, the main bracket 10 using the connecting rod as the frame rod (two sections of connecting rods are combined into an integrated combined frame rod by the connecting device, the spring device carried in the connecting device can be a gas spring 3, see fig. 5 and 6, can be a metal spring 6, see fig. 7 and 8, can be an elastic substance pad 6.1, see fig. 9 and 10, or two or three of the three spring devices can be combined to form a combined spring device, see fig. 11), and is connected with the screw 16, see fig. 2, to form the external fixing frame together.
In embodiment 4, the spring means provided in the connecting means for connecting the two poles is a metal spring 6, and a hydraulic actuator is used, and referring to fig. 7, a hydraulic cylinder 3.1 is filled with a fluid, and when the fluid is injected or withdrawn through a fluid filling hole because the fluid is incompressible, the position of the actuator plate 7 is changed, so that the metal spring is compressed or extended, and the spring force thereof is changed. When liquid is pumped into the hydraulic chamber, the metal spring extends to output tension, and two steel plates on two sides of the connecting device are pulled to be close to each other in the long axis direction; when liquid is injected into the hydraulic chamber, the metal spring is shortened to output pressure. The hydraulic pressure meter can be connected through the liquid filling hole (or an additional hole can be formed in the hydraulic cylinder) to measure the elastic force between the two frame rods. The arrangement and use of the cap-shaped set nut are the same as in embodiment 1.
In embodiment 5, the spring device in the connecting device connecting the two section of the frame rod is the metal spring 6, a mechanical transmission device is used, referring to fig. 8, a pressure nut 8 is positioned behind the interface, the inner wall of the pressure nut is provided with threads which are matched with the threads on the frame rod and can move along the frame rod, a pressure bearing ball bearing 9 is arranged between the pressure nut and a transmission plate 7.1 (different from a simple transmission plate of a hydraulic transmission device, the transmission plate of the mechanical transmission device is more complex and is composed of two parallel metal plates and more than three support columns, and the support columns penetrate through holes at the bottom of the interface), the rotation of the pressure nut is converted into the linear motion of the transmission plate, the pressure nut is rotated, the position of the transmission plate is changed, the metal spring is extended or compressed, and the elasticity of the metal spring. The length of the metal spring can be changed by changing the position of the pressurizing nut, and the elasticity of the metal spring can be adjusted; when the pressurizing nut is rotated to be far away from the center of the connecting device, the metal spring extends to output pulling force, and two sections of steel plates on two sides of the connecting device are pulled to be close to each other in the long axis direction; when the pressurizing nut is rotated to be close to the center of the connecting device, the metal spring is shortened, and pressure is output. The arrangement and use of the cap-shaped set nut are the same as in embodiment 1.
In example 6, the spring means provided in the connection means connecting the two poles is an elastomeric pad 6.1, and a hydraulic actuator is used, see fig. 9. the hydraulic cylinder 3.1 is filled with a fluid, and since the fluid is incompressible, when the fluid is injected or withdrawn through the fluid filling holes, the position of the actuator plate 7 is changed, causing the elastomeric pad to compress or elongate and thereby changing its spring force. When liquid is pumped into the hydraulic chamber, the elastic substance pad extends to output tensile force, and two steel plates at two sides of the connecting device are pulled to be close to each other in the long axis direction; when liquid is injected into the hydraulic chamber, the elastic substance pad compresses to output pressure. The hydraulic pressure meter can be connected through the liquid filling hole (or an additional hole can be formed in the hydraulic cylinder) to measure the elastic force between the two frame rods. The arrangement and use of the cap-shaped set nut are the same as in embodiment 1.
In example 7, the spring device in the connection device connecting the two sections of the frame rods is an elastic material pad, a mechanical transmission device is used, referring to fig. 10, a pressure nut 8 is positioned behind the interface, the inner wall of the pressure nut is provided with threads which are matched with the threads on the frame rod and can move along the frame rod, a pressure bearing ball bearing 9 is arranged between the pressure nut and a transmission plate 7.1 (different from a simple transmission plate of a hydraulic transmission device, the transmission plate of the mechanical transmission device is more complex and is composed of two parallel metal plates and more than three support columns, and the support columns penetrate through holes at the bottom of the interface), the rotation of the pressure nut is converted into the linear motion of the transmission plate, the pressure nut is screwed, the position of the transmission plate is changed, the elastic material pad is stretched or compressed, and the elasticity of the elastic material pad. The elastic substance pad can be deformed by changing the position of the pressurizing nut, so that the elasticity of the elastic substance pad can be adjusted; when the compression nut is screwed to be far away from the center of the connecting device, the elastic substance pad extends to output tensile force, and two sections of steel plates at two sides of the connecting device are pulled to be close to each other in the long axis direction; when the pressurizing nut is screwed to make it approach to the center of the connecting device, the elastic material pad is compressed to output pressure. The arrangement and use of the cap-shaped set nut are the same as in embodiment 1.
In the embodiment 8, referring to fig. 11, the spring device provided in the connecting device for connecting two sections of the support rods is formed by combining an elastic substance cushion and a spring thereof, air can be filled or drawn through the air filling hole 4, so that the elastic force of the air spring is changed, and the elastic substance cushion connected with the air spring is simultaneously deformed, which is equivalent to that two spring devices of the air spring and the elastic substance cushion are connected in series to form a combined spring device. The arrangement and use of the cap-shaped set nut are the same as in embodiment 1.
In example 9, referring to fig. 3, a bone has two fractures, the fracture is fixed by a combined bracket consisting of three rods, and when the limb is subjected to functional exercise with certain strength, the elasticity of the spring devices of the two connecting devices can be respectively adjusted according to the exercise strength, the stability after fracture reduction and the callus growth condition, so that axial pressure forces with different degrees can be obtained between the two fractured bone pieces.
In example 10, referring to fig. 4, one end of the frame rod is fixed on the diaphysis, and the other end of the frame rod is fixed on the metaphysis of the bone after being provided with the auxiliary bracket, so that the auxiliary bracket provides a larger fixing range and a fixed angle, and the fixation is more stable.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides an axial pressurization adjustable fracture external fixation frame between bone piece, includes main support and screw, its characterized in that: the frame rods of the main bracket are divided into two or more sections, the frame rods are connected through a connecting device capable of adjusting axial pressure among the bone blocks, the connecting device is provided with a plug and an interface which are mutually inserted, a spring device is arranged in the plug or the interface, all the hack levers are connected by the connecting device to form an integral combined hack lever which is used as a main bracket of the external fixing frame, the connecting device can control the elastic force output by the spring device to be pressure or tensile force and adjust the elastic force of the spring device, the acting force of the connecting device on the two sections of the frame rods at the two sides of the connecting device in the long axis direction can be adjusted by adjusting the elastic force of the spring device, further adjusting the axial pressure between the bone blocks, the shape of the plug and the shape of the inner wall of the interface are non-perfect circles, the contact surface is smooth and tightly attached, to eliminate mutual rotational and angular displacements and to allow mutual sliding in the direction of the long axis; the outer wall of the interface is round and is provided with threads, the front end of the interface is provided with a cover-shaped positioning nut, the outer diameter of the interface is matched with the inner diameter of the cover-shaped positioning nut, the cover of the cover-shaped positioning nut is provided with an opening which allows a hack lever to pass through but prevents a larger plug from passing through, after the plug is plugged in the interface, the cover-shaped positioning nut is moved to a proper position along the threads, the cover-shaped positioning nut limits the relative position of the plug and the interface and limits the separation and displacement of the plug relative to the interface beyond the position without limiting the opposite sliding between the plug and the interface, the spring device is a metal spring (6), the connecting device capable of adjusting the axial pressure among the bone blocks comprises a pressure nut (8) arranged on the hack lever at the rear side of the interface, the inner wall of the pressure nut (8) is provided with threads matched with the threads on the hack lever, the pressurizing nut (8) is connected with the transmission plate (7.1) through a pressure-bearing ball bearing (9), the transmission plate (7.1) comprises more than three support columns, the support columns penetrate through corresponding holes at the bottom of the connector, metal plates are arranged at two ends of the support columns, the metal plate at one end of the transmission plate (7.1) is connected with the metal spring (6), the metal plate at the other end of the transmission plate (7.1) is connected with the pressure-bearing ball bearing (9), and when the pressurizing nut (8) is rotated to enable the pressurizing nut to be far away from the center of the connecting device, the metal spring extends to output tension; when the pressurizing nut is rotated to be close to the center of the connecting device, the metal spring is shortened, and pressure is output.
2. The external fracture fixation frame with adjustable axial pressure between bone blocks as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spring device in the plug and the interface can be a metal spring, an air spring, an elastic substance cushion or a combination of two or three of the three spring devices to form a combined spring device.
3. The external fracture fixation frame with adjustable axial pressure between bone blocks as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sectional hack levers are combined through the connecting device to form an integral combined hack lever on which an auxiliary bracket is arranged.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611211363.5A CN108236491B (en) | 2016-12-24 | 2016-12-24 | Fracture external fixation frame with adjustable axial stress between bone blocks |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611211363.5A CN108236491B (en) | 2016-12-24 | 2016-12-24 | Fracture external fixation frame with adjustable axial stress between bone blocks |
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| CN108236491B true CN108236491B (en) | 2021-07-13 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109124747B (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2023-08-25 | 山东中医药大学 | Fracture external fixation support with variable rigidity |
| CN109350207A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-19 | 创辉医疗器械江苏有限公司 | A kind of flexible connecting rod and exterior fixing rack |
| CN112022315B (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2022-09-16 | 北华大学 | Fracture external fixation support with external fixation nail |
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| WO1994006364A1 (en) * | 1992-09-15 | 1994-03-31 | Dynastab Limited Partnership | Dynamic compensating stabilizer |
| US6176860B1 (en) * | 1995-07-24 | 2001-01-23 | Hadasit Medical Research Services & Development Company, Ltd. | Orthopaedic fixator |
| CN201182643Y (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2009-01-21 | 张长青 | Continuous pressure external fixator with lock |
| CN201684003U (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2010-12-29 | 曾义成 | Continuous-pressurization combined external fixed bracket |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010050891A1 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-06 | Teslux Holding S.A. | Device and method for bone adjustment operating with wireless transmission energy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994006364A1 (en) * | 1992-09-15 | 1994-03-31 | Dynastab Limited Partnership | Dynamic compensating stabilizer |
| US6176860B1 (en) * | 1995-07-24 | 2001-01-23 | Hadasit Medical Research Services & Development Company, Ltd. | Orthopaedic fixator |
| CN201182643Y (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2009-01-21 | 张长青 | Continuous pressure external fixator with lock |
| CN201684003U (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2010-12-29 | 曾义成 | Continuous-pressurization combined external fixed bracket |
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| CN108236491A (en) | 2018-07-03 |
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