CN108229362B - Binocular face recognition living body detection method based on access control system - Google Patents

Binocular face recognition living body detection method based on access control system Download PDF

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CN108229362B
CN108229362B CN201711452118.8A CN201711452118A CN108229362B CN 108229362 B CN108229362 B CN 108229362B CN 201711452118 A CN201711452118 A CN 201711452118A CN 108229362 B CN108229362 B CN 108229362B
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face
living body
video image
control system
door
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CN108229362A (en
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王叶群
林建送
袁爱君
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Hangzhou Seeiner Technology Co ltd
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/16Human faces, e.g. facial parts, sketches or expressions
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V20/00Scenes; Scene-specific elements
    • G06V20/40Scenes; Scene-specific elements in video content
    • G06V20/46Extracting features or characteristics from the video content, e.g. video fingerprints, representative shots or key frames
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/40Spoof detection, e.g. liveness detection
    • G06V40/45Detection of the body part being alive
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    • G07C9/32Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check
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Abstract

The invention discloses a binocular face recognition living body detection method based on an access control system. The method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) a binocular acquisition system is adopted to acquire video images; (2) carrying out face detection on the collected color video image; (3) if the human face is detected, analyzing the color video image and the infrared video image; (4) carrying out classification detection on the picture and the living body by utilizing a machine-learned SVM living body detection classifier; (5) matching and recognizing the collected human face and the human face bottom library, if the matching is successful, indicating that the human face recognition is successful, and controlling the door to be opened by the access control system; and if the matching is unsuccessful, the access control system does not open the door. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the cost is low, the algorithm speed is high, and the algorithm effect can be ensured; in addition, the detection accuracy rate of the living body detection can be improved to a great extent by matching with the analysis of the color image and the infrared image, and the user does not need to cooperate to act, so that the method is quicker and more convenient.

Description

Binocular face recognition living body detection method based on access control system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field related to biological pattern recognition, in particular to a binocular face recognition living body detection method based on an access control system.
Background
With the development of the biometric technology and the pattern recognition technology, the face recognition technology is mature, the face recognition system can well perform face detection and recognition, but for the access control system, a user can deceive the system by using a photo, so that research is needed to solve the defects existing in the prior art, and the crisis that the access control system is broken by using the photo is avoided.
The existing binocular face recognition living body detection mainly adopts three schemes: 1. the living body detection is carried out in coordination with the actions, and the user needs to coordinate with a series of specified actions such as shaking head, blinking, opening mouth and the like to judge whether the living body is a living body. 2. Whether a video acquired by the monocular camera is a living body is judged by using an image algorithm, and because the face and the picture of the living body acquired by the camera are two-dimensional images, the picture or the face is difficult to distinguish by using a simple image algorithm, and the detection rate is low. 3. The depth camera is used for 3D modeling to judge whether the living body is the living body, but the method not only needs to add the depth camera, but also has expensive cost, complex 3D modeling algorithm and low operation speed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides the binocular face recognition living body detection method based on the access control system, which has high detection efficiency and high detection accuracy and is used for overcoming the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a binocular face recognition living body detection method based on an access control system specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) a binocular acquisition system is adopted to acquire video images, and color video images and infrared video images are acquired respectively;
(2) carrying out face detection on the collected color video image, carrying out next analysis if the face is detected, and if the face is not detected, indicating that the color video image is a non-living body, terminating the step and not carrying out face identification;
(3) analyzing the color video image and the infrared video image, if the conditions of the color video image and the infrared video image are met at the same time, performing the next step, otherwise, judging that the black-white picture is not a living body, terminating the step and not performing face recognition;
(4) classifying and detecting the photo and the living body by using a machine-learned SVM living body detection classifier, if the living body is judged, carrying out next human face comparison, if the living body is judged, indicating that the living body is not a living body, and terminating the step;
(5) matching and recognizing the collected human face and the human face bottom library, if the matching is successful, the human face recognition is successful, the user is a legal user, and the door access system controls the door to be opened; if the matching is unsuccessful, the face recognition is failed, the user is an illegal user, and the door control system does not open the door.
The invention mainly utilizes an image algorithm to analyze the color video image and the infrared video image, and the acquisition system distinguishes whether the black-and-white picture is the black-and-white picture or not from the image characteristics of the video image acquired by the living human face because the image characteristics are obviously different. Although the image analysis module can eliminate the attack of black and white photos on the system, the attack of color photos on the system cannot be eliminated, so that the photos and living bodies are classified and detected by using the SVM classifier of machine learning. The binocular camera is adopted, so that the cost is low, the algorithm speed is high, and the algorithm effect can be guaranteed; in addition, the detection accuracy rate of the living body detection can be improved to a great extent by matching with the analysis of the color image and the infrared image, and the user does not need to cooperate to act, so that the method is quicker and more convenient.
Preferably, in step (1), the binocular shooting system includes a camera with a color camera and a camera with an infrared camera, and the two cameras shoot video images, wherein: the camera with the color camera collects color video images, the camera with the infrared camera collects infrared video images, and the two cameras are located on the same parallel line and collect images simultaneously. Wherein: the parallel camera is more favorable to the production of hardware equipment than other positions like the arc, and the convenient integrated binocular camera of hardware reduces manufacturing cost, and the video that the parallel camera was shot is favorable to the modeling of algorithm, and algorithm model complexity is low, promotes the arithmetic speed.
Preferably, in step (2), the face detection adopts a classic machine learning algorithm Adaboost face detection algorithm.
Preferably, in step (3), the conditions for satisfying the color video image are: the similarity of the RGB components of the color video image is greater than a threshold T1; the conditions for satisfying the infrared video image are as follows: the histogram contrast C of the infrared video image is greater than the threshold T2, and the calculation formula of C is as follows:
C=∑[δ(i,j)]2p (i, j); wherein: t1 is an empirical value, T2 is an empirical value, δ (i, j) ═ i-j |, which is a gray scale difference between adjacent pixels, and P (i, j) is a pixel distribution probability of a gray scale difference between adjacent pixels. The principle in which the RGB components of a color video image have a similarity greater than a threshold T1 is: if the images are black and white photos, the color components of the images acquired by the color camera are relatively close and very similar, and the threshold value of T1 is generally 0.78 and can be adjusted according to the use scene. The infrared image generally refers to thermal imaging, if the object is not a living body, the temperature difference between the object (photo) in the scene and the background is lower than that of the living body, the dynamic range of the infrared image is large, the contrast is low, and according to the characteristic, the temperature difference between the object (photo) and the background in the scene is lower than that of the living body, the dynamic range of the infrared image is large, and the contrast is lowAn algorithm is designed to judge the living body and the picture, and T2 generally takes a value of 1.8.
Preferably, in step (4), the machine-learned SVM live body detection classifier is trained using two sets of samples of color photographs and live body faces.
Preferably, in the step (5), the specific steps are as follows: comparing the faces by using the color video images, calculating a score by similarity of the collected faces and all the faces in the face bottom library, if the highest score is more than 80 minutes, indicating that the face comparison is successful, wherein the matched face is the face with the highest score in the bottom library, the face identification is successful, the matched face is a legal user, and the door access system controls to open the door; otherwise, the face comparison fails, the user is an illegal user, and the door control system does not open the door. Wherein: the value of 80 is most suitable, because if the setting is too large, the recognition rate is reduced, and some legal users are judged as illegal users by mistake under the condition of low quality of the collected photos, such as illumination or side faces; if too low, this can result in some people with similar growth being misidentified as others.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the binocular camera is adopted, so that the cost is low, the algorithm speed is high, and the algorithm effect can be ensured; in addition, the detection accuracy rate of the living body detection can be improved to a great extent by matching with the analysis of the color image and the infrared image, and the user does not need to cooperate to act, so that the method is quicker and more convenient.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, a binocular face recognition live body detection method based on an access control system specifically includes the following steps:
(1) a binocular acquisition system is adopted to acquire video images, and color video images and infrared video images are acquired respectively;
binocular collection system is including the camera that is equipped with colored camera and the camera that is equipped with infrared camera, and two cameras carry out video image and gather, wherein: the camera with the color camera collects color video images, the camera with the infrared camera collects infrared video images, and the two cameras are positioned on the same parallel line and collect images simultaneously; compared with other positions such as an arc, the parallel camera is more beneficial to the production of hardware equipment, the hardware is convenient to integrate the binocular camera, the production cost is reduced, the video shot by the parallel camera is beneficial to the modeling of an algorithm, the complexity of an algorithm model is low, and the operation speed is improved;
(2) carrying out face detection on the collected color video image, wherein the face detection adopts a classic machine learning algorithm Adaboost face detection algorithm, if a face is detected, the next step of analysis is carried out, if no face is detected, the image is a non-living body, the step is terminated, and face identification is not carried out;
(3) analyzing the color video image and the infrared video image, if the conditions of the color video image and the infrared video image are met at the same time, performing the next step, otherwise, judging that the black-white picture is not a living body, terminating the step and not performing face recognition;
(4) classifying and detecting the photo and the living body by using a machine-learned SVM living body detection classifier, if the living body is judged, carrying out next human face comparison, if the living body is judged, indicating that the living body is not a living body, and terminating the step;
the conditions for satisfying a color video image are: the similarity of the RGB components of the color video image is greater than a threshold T1; if the images are black and white photos, the color components of the images acquired by the color camera are relatively close and very similar, and the threshold value of T1 is generally 0.78 and can be adjusted according to the use scene;
the conditions for satisfying the infrared video image are as follows: the histogram contrast C of the infrared video image is greater than the threshold T2, and the calculation formula of C is as follows: c ═ Σ [ δ (i, j)]2P (i, j); the infrared image generally refers to thermal imaging, if the image is not a living body, the temperature difference between a target (picture) and a background in a scene is lower than that of the living body, the dynamic range of the infrared image is large, the contrast is low, the living body and the picture are judged according to an algorithm designed according to the characteristics, and the threshold value of T2 generally takes 1.8;
wherein: t1 is an empirical value, T2 is an empirical value, δ (i, j) ═ i-j |, which is a gray level difference between adjacent pixels, and P (i, j) is a pixel distribution probability of a gray level difference between adjacent pixels;
(5) matching and recognizing the collected human face and the human face bottom library, if the matching is successful, the human face recognition is successful, the user is a legal user, and the door access system controls the door to be opened; if the matching is unsuccessful, the face recognition is failed, the user is an illegal user, and the door control system does not open the door;
the method comprises the following specific steps: comparing the faces by using the color video images, calculating a score by similarity of the collected faces and all the faces in the face bottom library, if the highest score is more than 80 minutes, indicating that the face comparison is successful, wherein the matched face is the face with the highest score in the bottom library, the face identification is successful, the matched face is a legal user, and the door access system controls to open the door; otherwise, the face comparison fails, the user is an illegal user, and the door control system does not open the door. Wherein: the value of 80 is most suitable, because if the setting is too large, the recognition rate is reduced, and some legal users are judged as illegal users by mistake under the condition of low quality of the collected photos, such as illumination or side faces; if too low, this can result in some people with similar growth being misidentified as others.
The invention mainly utilizes an image algorithm to analyze the color video image and the infrared video image, and the acquisition system distinguishes whether the black-and-white picture is the black-and-white picture or not from the image characteristics of the video image acquired by the living human face because the image characteristics are obviously different. Although the image analysis module can eliminate the attack of black and white photos on the system, the attack of color photos on the system cannot be eliminated, so that the photos and living bodies are classified and detected by using the SVM classifier of machine learning. The binocular camera is adopted, so that the cost is low, the algorithm speed is high, and the algorithm effect can be guaranteed; in addition, the detection accuracy rate of the living body detection can be improved to a great extent by matching with the analysis of the color image and the infrared image, and the user does not need to cooperate to act, so that the method is quicker and more convenient.

Claims (5)

1. A binocular face recognition living body detection method based on an access control system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) a binocular acquisition system is adopted to acquire video images, and color video images and infrared video images are acquired respectively;
(2) carrying out face detection on the collected color video image, carrying out next analysis if the face is detected, and if the face is not detected, indicating that the color video image is a non-living body, terminating the step and not carrying out face identification;
(3) analyzing the color video image and the infrared video image, if the conditions of the color video image and the infrared video image are met at the same time, performing the next step, otherwise, judging that the black-white picture is not a living body, terminating the step and not performing face recognition;
(4) classifying and detecting the photo and the living body by using a machine-learned SVM living body detection classifier, if the living body is judged, carrying out next human face comparison, if the living body is judged, indicating that the living body is not a living body, and terminating the step; the conditions for satisfying a color video image are: the similarity of the RGB components of the color video image is greater than a threshold T1; the conditions for satisfying the infrared video image are as follows: the histogram contrast C of the infrared video image is greater than the threshold T2, and the calculation formula of C is as follows: c ═ Σ [ δ (i, j)]2P (i, j); wherein: t1 is an empirical value, T2 is an empirical value, δ (i, j) ═ i-j |, which is a gray level difference between adjacent pixels, and P (i, j) is a pixel distribution probability of a gray level difference between adjacent pixels;
(5) matching and recognizing the collected human face and the human face bottom library, if the matching is successful, the human face recognition is successful, the user is a legal user, and the door access system controls the door to be opened; if the matching is unsuccessful, the face recognition is failed, the user is an illegal user, and the door control system does not open the door.
2. The binocular face recognition live body detection method based on the access control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the binocular acquisition system comprises a camera with a color camera and a camera with an infrared camera, and the two cameras are used for video image acquisition, wherein: the camera with the color camera collects color video images, the camera with the infrared camera collects infrared video images, and the two cameras are located on the same parallel line and collect images simultaneously.
3. The binocular face recognition live body detection method based on the access control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the face detection adopts a classic machine learning algorithm Adaboost face detection algorithm.
4. The binocular face recognition and live body detection method based on the access control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the two groups of samples of the color photograph and the live body face are used for training a SVM live body detection classifier for machine learning.
5. The binocular face recognition live body detection method based on the access control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the specific steps are as follows: comparing the faces by using the color video images, calculating a score by similarity of the collected faces and all the faces in the face bottom library, if the highest score is more than 80 minutes, indicating that the face comparison is successful, wherein the matched face is the face with the highest score in the bottom library, the face identification is successful, the matched face is a legal user, and the door access system controls to open the door; otherwise, the face comparison fails, the user is an illegal user, and the door control system does not open the door.
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