CN108228273B - Method and equipment for executing executable file - Google Patents

Method and equipment for executing executable file Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108228273B
CN108228273B CN201710910912.6A CN201710910912A CN108228273B CN 108228273 B CN108228273 B CN 108228273B CN 201710910912 A CN201710910912 A CN 201710910912A CN 108228273 B CN108228273 B CN 108228273B
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executable
module
executable file
function
file
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CN108228273A (en
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江威
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Meizu Technology Co Ltd
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Meizu Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/4401Bootstrapping
    • G06F9/4406Loading of operating system
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/445Program loading or initiating
    • G06F9/44536Selecting among different versions
    • G06F9/44542Retargetable
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/445Program loading or initiating
    • G06F9/44568Immediately runnable code

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  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Stored Programmes (AREA)

Abstract

A method and equipment for executing an executable file are provided, the method is applied to an android device, the android device comprises a compatible module, and the method comprises the following steps: loading at least one executable file into a memory of the android device through the compatible module, wherein the executable file is a file in an IOS environment; carrying out symbol redirection processing on the executable file; and calling an entry function in the executable file to execute the executable file, wherein the entry function refers to a function pointed by an external symbol. By adopting the scheme, the android device can execute the executable file in the IOS environment.

Description

Method and equipment for executing executable file
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of operating system technologies, and in particular, to a method and a device for executing an executable file.
Background
Currently, executable files are mainly used to accomplish predefined tasks according to predefined sequences and manners to achieve corresponding effects. The executable file refers to a file which can be loaded and executed by an operating system, and under different operating system environments, the presentation mode of an executable program is different. The terminal device based on the IOS can provide functions with stable performance and good effect for users, such as excellent functions of receiving and sending messages, operating games and the like, and each function provided by the IOS is generally superior to other mobile operating systems.
But executable files in the IOS environment cannot be applied to other mobile operating systems at present, for example, android devices cannot execute the executable files in the IOS environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method and equipment for executing an executable file, which can solve the problem that in the prior art, an android device cannot execute the executable file in an IOS environment.
A first aspect of the present application provides a method for executing an executable file, where the method is applied to an android device, where the android device includes a compatible module, and the method includes:
loading at least one executable file into a memory of the android device through the compatible module, wherein the executable file is a file in an IOS environment;
carrying out symbol redirection processing on the executable file;
and calling an entry function in the executable file to execute the executable file, wherein the entry function refers to a function pointed by an external symbol.
In some possible designs, after the at least one executable file is loaded into the memory of the android device by the compatibility module and before the entry function in the executable file is called, the method further includes:
performing lazy binding processing on each function in the executable file so as to find the memory address of the entry function when the function in the executable file is called;
the calling an entry function in the executable file includes:
and calling the entry function according to the searched memory address of the entry function.
In some possible designs, the loading a compatible module into a memory of the android device includes:
dividing the executable file into a plurality of segments, wherein each segment comprises a file offset, a memory starting address and a field size;
and loading the data of the file offset between the field sizes to the memory initial address position of the memory.
In some possible designs, the executable file includes at least two executable modules, each executable module includes at least one function, the at least two executable modules include a first executable module and a second executable module, and an association relationship of calling functions to each other exists between the first executable module and the second executable module;
the performing symbol redirection processing on the executable file includes:
and carrying out symbol redirection processing on the first executable module and the second executable module, so that when the first executable module executes a first function, the first executable module calls the second function by searching a memory address of the second function in the second executable module, or calls a global variable in the second executable module by searching a global variable of the second executable module.
In some possible designs, the executable file comprises a Mach-O file.
A second aspect of the present application provides a terminal device having a function of implementing the method of executing an executable file provided corresponding to the first aspect described above. The functions can be realized by hardware, and the functions can also be realized by executing corresponding software by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions, which may be software and/or hardware.
In one possible design, the terminal device includes an android device, and the terminal device includes a compatible module and a processing module;
the compatible module is used for loading at least one executable file into the internal memory of the android device, wherein the executable file is a file in an IOS environment;
the processing module is used for carrying out symbol redirection processing on the executable file loaded into the memory;
and calling an entry function in the executable file to execute the executable file, wherein the entry function refers to a function pointed by an external symbol.
Optionally, after the compatible module loads at least one executable file into the memory of the android device, and before the processing module invokes the entry function in the executable file, the processing module is further configured to:
performing lazy binding processing on each function in the executable file so as to find the memory address of the entry function when the function in the executable file is called;
the processing module is specifically configured to:
and calling the entry function according to the searched memory address of the entry function.
Optionally, the processing module is specifically configured to:
dividing the executable file into a plurality of segments, wherein each segment comprises a file offset, a memory starting address and a field size;
and loading the data of the file offset between the field sizes to the memory initial address position of the memory.
Optionally, the executable file includes at least two executable modules, each executable module includes at least one function, the at least two executable modules include a first executable module and a second executable module, and an association relationship between the first executable module and the second executable module that mutually calls the function exists;
the processing module is specifically configured to:
and carrying out symbol redirection processing on the first executable module and the second executable module, so that when the first executable module executes a first function, the first executable module calls the second function by searching a memory address of the second function in the second executable module, or calls a global variable in the second executable module by searching a global variable of the second executable module.
Optionally, the executable file comprises a Mach-O file.
A further aspect of the application provides a computer apparatus comprising a processor for implementing the steps as described in the above aspects when executing a computer program stored in a memory.
Yet another aspect of the present application provides a computer storage medium having stored thereon a computer program (or instructions) which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the operations of the above-described aspects.
Compared with the prior art, in the scheme provided by the application, at least one executable file is loaded into the memory of the android device through the compatible module, and the executable file is subjected to symbol redirection processing; and calling an entry function in the executable file to execute the executable file, wherein the entry function refers to a function pointed by an external symbol. By adopting the scheme, the android device can execute the executable file in the IOS environment, and then diversified functions are provided for a user, or the function which cannot be realized by the android device is provided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for executing an executable file according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating loading of a map-O file into a memory according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating symbol redirection processing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating lazy binding in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of a terminal device in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments described herein may be practiced otherwise than as specifically illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprise," "include," and "have," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or modules expressly listed, but may include other steps or modules not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus, the division of modules presented herein is merely a logical division that may be implemented in a practical application in a further manner, such that a plurality of modules may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not implemented, and such that couplings or direct couplings or communicative coupling between each other as shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect couplings or communicative coupling between modules may be electrical or other similar forms, this application is not intended to be limiting. The modules or sub-modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, may or may not be physical modules, or may be distributed in a plurality of circuit modules, and some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present disclosure.
The application provides a method and equipment for executing an executable file, which are used for solving the problem that in the prior art, an android device cannot execute the executable file in an IOS environment.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for executing an executable file provided in the present application is illustrated below, where the method may be applied to an android device, and may also be applied to a terminal device of another operating system. The android device comprises a compatible module, and the method comprises the following steps:
101. and loading at least one executable file into the memory of the android device through the compatible module.
The executable file corresponds to a process, and the executable file includes byte codes to be run on various processors, and may be a file in an IOS environment, for example, the executable file may include a Mach-O file, or a file in another format, and the application is not limited in particular. The executable file may be obtained by the terminal device through a mail, an interactive application, a download link, and the like, and the specific application is not limited. Wherein the Mach-O file is an executable file, object code, a shared library, or dynamically loaded code. The Mach-O file can provide more scalability and faster symbol table information access, which is mainly applied to a Mach core-based system.
Optionally, in some invention embodiments of the present application, loading a compatible module into a memory of the android device includes:
(1) and dividing the executable file into a plurality of segments, wherein each segment comprises a file offset, a memory starting address and a field size.
(2) And loading the data of the file offset between the field sizes to the memory initial address position of the memory.
As shown in fig. 2, the Mach-O file is divided into a plurality of segments, each segment includes a file offset, a memory start address and a field size, and then data in the Mach-O file from the file offset to the field size is loaded to the memory start address position, so that the data of each segment can be read efficiently in the following process.
102. And carrying out symbol redirection processing on the executable file.
In this embodiment of the present application, the symbol redirection may refer to converting an instruction and symbol data in the executable file from a file offset to a real memory address.
In some embodiments, the executable file may include at least two executable modules, each of the executable modules including at least one function, the at least two executable modules including a first executable module and a second executable module, and an association relationship between the first executable module and the second executable module that mutually calls the function exists.
For example, the android device needs to load a Mach-O file in an IOS environment, the Mach-O file to be loaded includes a plurality of Mach-O modules, each Mach-O module may include a plurality of functions, the functions may be mutually invoked in one Mach-O module, and the functions may be mutually invoked between different Mach-O modules. In order to realize correct calling in the android environment, the application further provides a redirection method to realize mutual calling, which specifically comprises the following steps:
and carrying out symbol redirection processing on the first executable module and the second executable module, so that when the first executable module executes a first function, the first executable module calls the second function by searching a memory address of the second function in the second executable module, or calls a global variable in the second executable module by searching a global variable of the second executable module.
As shown in fig. 3, the terminal device performs redirection processing on the memory pointer and the symbolic address in the file module, respectively, so that the memory pointer in the memory module is converted into a memory pointer in a process, and the symbolic address in the memory module is converted into a symbolic address in the process.
103. And calling an entry function in the executable file to execute the executable file.
Wherein the entry function refers to a function pointed to by an external symbol. For example, in a Mach-O file, the entry function is the function pointed to by the _ main symbol. After the Mach-O file is divided, redirected and lazy bound, assembly codes pointed by the _ main symbols are searched in the Mach-O file, and the assembly codes pointed by the _ main symbols are called, so that the Mach-O file can be executed in an android environment.
In the embodiment of the application, at least one executable file is loaded into a memory of the android device through the compatible module, wherein the executable file is a file in an IOS environment; carrying out symbol redirection processing on the executable file; and calling an entry function in the executable file to execute the executable file, wherein the entry function refers to a function pointed by an external symbol. By adopting the scheme, the android device can execute the executable file in the IOS environment, and then diversified functions are provided for a user, or the function which cannot be realized by the android device is provided.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the invention of the present application, after the at least one executable file is loaded into the memory of the android device by the compatible module and before the entry function in the executable file is called, the method further includes:
and carrying out lazy binding processing on each function in the executable file so as to find the memory address of the entry function when the function in the executable file is called.
Accordingly, invoking an entry function in the executable file may include:
and calling the entry function according to the searched memory address of the entry function.
The lazy binding means that the memory address of the entry function is searched only when the function is called.
As shown in fig. 4, in an initial state, that is, the function a is not set to be called by the "lazy function binding address", the lazy function binding address is an address of the "lazy binding single function" of the system, and since the address corresponding to the lazy function binding address does not exist in the android system, when the executable file in the IOS environment is executed in the android environment, the lazy function binding address and the address corresponding to the lazy function binding address need to be added. In some embodiments, it may be achieved by a lazy binding that when function a is called, a lazy binding function is called. Specifically, when the memory module 1 executes the logic for calling the function a, the function a is called by the address corresponding to the "function lazy binding address".
When the function A is called for the first time, the actually called function is the lazy binding function, the real address of the function A is found in the lazy binding function, the real address of the function A is written into the function lazy binding address, and the function A can be directly called when the function A is called for the next time. Meanwhile, in the lazy binding function, the function A is required to be called continuously, so that the first function call aiming at the function A can be executed correctly.
The features of the executable file, the entry function, the redirection, the lazy binding, and the like in the above embodiments are also applicable to the embodiments corresponding to fig. 5 and fig. 6 in the present application, and subsequent similar parts are not repeated.
A method for executing an executable file in the present application is described above, and a terminal device for executing the method is described below.
Referring to fig. 5, a terminal device is described, where the terminal device includes an android device, and the terminal device includes a transceiver module, a compatible module, and a processing module;
the transceiver module is used for acquiring at least one executable file.
The compatible module is used for loading at least one executable file into the memory of the android device, wherein the executable file is a file in an IOS environment.
The processing module is configured to perform symbol redirection processing on the executable file loaded into the memory, and call an entry function in the executable file to execute the executable file, where the entry function is a function pointed by an external symbol.
Optionally, after the compatible module loads at least one executable file into the memory of the android device, and before the processing module invokes the entry function in the executable file, the processing module is further configured to:
performing lazy binding processing on each function in the executable file so as to find the memory address of the entry function when the function in the executable file is called;
the processing module is specifically configured to:
and calling the entry function according to the searched memory address of the entry function.
Optionally, the processing module is specifically configured to:
dividing the executable file into a plurality of segments, wherein each segment comprises a file offset, a memory starting address and a field size;
and loading the data of the file offset between the field sizes to the memory initial address position of the memory.
Optionally, the executable file includes at least two executable modules, each executable module includes at least one function, the at least two executable modules include a first executable module and a second executable module, and an association relationship between the first executable module and the second executable module that mutually calls the function exists;
the processing module is specifically configured to:
and carrying out symbol redirection processing on the first executable module and the second executable module, so that when the first executable module executes a first function, the first executable module calls the second function by searching a memory address of the second function in the second executable module, or calls a global variable in the second executable module by searching a global variable of the second executable module.
Optionally, the executable file comprises a Mach-O file.
In the embodiment of the invention, the compatible module loads at least one executable file into the memory of the android device, and the processing module carries out symbol redirection processing on the executable file; and calling an entry function in the executable file to execute the executable file, wherein the entry function refers to a function pointed by an external symbol. By adopting the scheme, the android device can execute the executable file in the IOS environment, and then diversified functions are provided for a user, or the function which cannot be realized by the android device is provided.
Next, a structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application is described from a hardware perspective, please refer to fig. 6, and fig. 6 is a diagram of an embodiment of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application. The terminal device of this embodiment includes: a processor 601, a memory 602, a transceiver 603, and a computer program stored in said memory 602 and executable on said processor, e.g. a program comprising the above-described method of executing an executable file. Wherein the processor 601 is configured to perform the steps shown in any one of fig. 1-5, and the transceiver 603 is configured for the terminal device to communicate with other devices or networks. Alternatively, the processor 601, the transceiver 603, and the memory 602 implement the functions of the modules/units in the foregoing device embodiments when executing the computer program, for example, the processor 601 is used to implement the functions of the processing module 601 in the embodiment shown in fig. 5, and the transceiver 603 is used to implement the terminal device to communicate with other devices or networks.
Illustratively, the computer program may be partitioned into one or more modules/units that are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to implement the invention. The one or more modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which are used for describing the execution process of the computer program in the terminal device. For example, the computer program may be divided into a transceiver module and a processing module, and the specific functions of each module are as follows: the receiving and sending module is mainly used for receiving and sending functions of the terminal equipment, and the processing module is mainly used for processing functions and logics of the terminal equipment.
The terminal device can be a desktop computer, a notebook, a palm computer, a cloud terminal device and other computing devices. The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor, a memory. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the schematic diagram of fig. 6 is merely an example of a terminal device, and does not constitute a limitation of the terminal device, and may include more or less components than those shown, or combine some components, or different components, for example, the terminal device may further include an input-output device, a network access device, a bus, etc.
The Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like, which is the control center of the terminal device and connects the various parts of the whole terminal device using various interfaces and lines.
The memory may be used for storing the computer programs and/or modules, and the processor may implement various functions of the terminal device by executing or executing the computer programs and/or modules stored in the memory and calling data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, a phonebook, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone, and the like. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
The terminal device integrated modules/units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as separate products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain content that is subject to appropriate increase or decrease as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, computer readable media does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals as is required by legislation and patent practice.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. A method for executing an executable file, wherein the method is applied to an android device, the android device comprises a compatible module, and the method comprises the following steps:
loading at least one executable file into a memory of the android device through the compatible module, wherein the executable file is a file in an IOS environment;
carrying out symbol redirection processing on the executable file;
calling an entry function in the executable file to execute the executable file, wherein the entry function refers to a function pointed by an external symbol;
after the at least one executable file is loaded into the memory of the android device through the compatible module and before the entry function in the executable file is called, the method further includes:
performing lazy binding processing on each function in the executable file so as to find the memory address of the entry function when the function in the executable file is called;
the calling an entry function in the executable file includes:
and calling the entry function according to the searched memory address of the entry function.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the loading, by the compatibility module, at least one executable file into a memory of the android device comprises:
dividing the executable file into a plurality of segments, wherein each segment comprises a file offset, a memory starting address and a field size;
and loading the data of the file offset between the field sizes to the memory initial address position of the memory.
3. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the executable file comprises at least two executable modules, each executable module comprises at least one function, the at least two executable modules comprise a first executable module and a second executable module, and an association relationship between the first executable module and the second executable module for calling the functions is existed;
the performing symbol redirection processing on the executable file includes:
and carrying out symbol redirection processing on the first executable module and the second executable module, so that when the first executable module executes a first function, the first executable module calls the second function by searching a memory address of the second function in the second executable module, or calls a global variable in the second executable module by searching a global variable of the second executable module.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the executable file comprises a Mach-O file.
5. The terminal equipment is characterized by comprising android equipment, wherein the terminal equipment comprises a compatible module and a processing module;
the compatible module is used for loading at least one executable file into the internal memory of the android device, wherein the executable file is a file in an IOS environment;
the processing module is used for carrying out symbol redirection processing on the executable file loaded into the memory;
calling an entry function in the executable file to execute the executable file, wherein the entry function refers to a function pointed by an external symbol;
after the compatible module loads at least one executable file into the memory of the android device and before the processing module calls the entry function in the executable file, the processing module is further configured to:
performing lazy binding processing on each function in the executable file so as to find the memory address of the entry function when the function in the executable file is called;
the processing module is specifically configured to:
and calling the entry function according to the searched memory address of the entry function.
6. The terminal device of claim 5, wherein the processing module is specifically configured to:
dividing the executable file into a plurality of segments, wherein each segment comprises a file offset, a memory starting address and a field size;
and loading the data of the file offset between the field sizes to the memory initial address position of the memory.
7. A computer arrangement, characterized in that the computer arrangement comprises a processor for implementing the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-4 when executing a computer program stored in a memory.
8. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that: the computer program realizing the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-4 when executed by a processor.
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