CN108207548A - A kind of light cultivation matrix of potting persimmon and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of light cultivation matrix of potting persimmon and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108207548A CN108207548A CN201810011801.6A CN201810011801A CN108207548A CN 108207548 A CN108207548 A CN 108207548A CN 201810011801 A CN201810011801 A CN 201810011801A CN 108207548 A CN108207548 A CN 108207548A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of light ground mass and preparation method for persimmon potting, which further includes vermiculite, coconut palm chaff and garden mould using decomposed mushroom residue as main component, and each component volume percentage composition is：Decomposed mushroom residue 45%~65%, coconut palm chaff 15%~20%, vermiculite 10%~20%, garden mould 0~15%.The matrix is particularly suitable for potting persimmon tree, and well developed root system, plant strain growth are vigorous after potting.In addition, the matrix of the present invention has unit weight small, porosity is high, and water conservation is breathed freely, it is economic and practical, nutrient is balanced the advantages that, while above-mentioned material derives from a wealth of sources, is environmentally protective, turning waste into wealth, and improves the comprehensive utilization ratio of natural resources.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit tree potting technical field, in particular to be a kind of the light of persimmon container seedling cultivation
Type matrix and preparation method.
Background technology
Persimmon originates in China, the characteristic for having greenery dense shade, red leaves bright red, fruit sweet, and containing rich in its fruit
Rich glucose, protein, vitamin C, calcium, phosphorus, iron etc., nutritive value is high, is favored by people.Persimmon collection is seen leaf, is seen
Fruit, it is edible be one of best seeds for making potted landscape, while be also the excellent material of family potted plant.The core of potting
It is cultivation matrix, not only fixes nursery stock, but also to provide the moisture that seedling growth is suitble to, nutrient, gas etc., provide one
Good matrix environment.And it there are no the dedicated cultivation base Quality Research report of persimmon at present.
Traditional garden mould as potting media there is weight to be not easy to carry again, and surface layer is easily hardened when doing, venting and water permeable when wet
The shortcomings that property is poor.The research of domestic and international researcher shows the mixed-matrix of turf, vermiculite and perlite, because it has weight
Amount is light, and retentiveness, aeration are good, and root aggressiveness is relatively easy to form, low saline salinity and higher CEC values, is known as at present
The comparatively ideal cultivation matrix of this in container nursery.But turf is non-renewable resources, and expensive in a short time, excessively exploitation grass
Charcoal soil can make CO in air2Concentration increases, and increase from global warming, various countries start actively to seek novel environment friendly matrix to replace turf
As seedling medium.
Mushroom residue is the organic solid waste material through microorganism decomposition after mushroom-cultivating production, and China can produce largely in 1 year
Mushroom, up to ten million ton of generated mushroom residue fertilizer, if for a long time be used as garbage disposal, it will cause water pollution,
Germ is grown, harm is brought to environment.It as one kind of container seedling cultivation matrix, will turn waste into wealth, promote matrix development
While reduce excessive use to non-renewable resources turf, seedling cost substantially reduces, and can be that social creativity is greatly economical
Interests.However, mushroom residue itself pH value>7, in alkalinity, EC values are higher, are unfavorable for the normal growth of potting persimmon tree.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are by rational proportion and preparation, are provided
One kind is with mushroom residue light substrate groups as main component, to be applicable in and be satisfied with persimmon potting.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, inventor combines oneself and is passed through for many years in the scientific research of field of fruit tree cultivation
It tests, and by a large number of experiments research and persistent exploration, is finally obtained following technical solution：
A kind of light ground mass for persimmon potting, the matrix using decomposed mushroom residue as main component, further include vermiculite,
Coconut palm chaff and garden mould, each component volume percentage composition are：Decomposed mushroom residue 45%~65%, coconut palm chaff 15%~20%, vermiculite 10%
~20%, garden mould 0~15%.
It is further preferred that being used for the light ground mass of persimmon potting as described above, wherein the matrix is by decomposed mushroom residue, leech
Stone and coconut palm chaff composition, each component volume percentage composition are：Decomposed mushroom residue 45%~65%, coconut palm chaff 15%~20%, vermiculite
10%~20%.
It is further preferred that being used for the light ground mass of persimmon potting as described above, wherein the matrix is by decomposed mushroom residue, leech
Stone, coconut palm chaff and garden mould composition, each component volume percentage composition are：Decomposed mushroom residue 45%~58%, coconut palm chaff 15%~20%, leech
Stone 15%~20%, garden mould 8~15%.
Still further preferably, it is used for the light ground mass of persimmon potting as described above, wherein the decomposed mushroom residue is
Mushroom residue by the way of hot fermentation is handled, obtains organic matter and the abundant mushroom residue compost of nutrient content, is held
Weigh 0.15~0.60g/cm3, pH value 7.2~7.9, total porosity 70%~80%, ventilating slit 10%~30%, EC values 0.5
~1.3mS/cm.
Still further preferably, it is used for the light ground mass of persimmon potting as described above, wherein the vermiculite is flaky,
3~6mm of grain size.
Still further preferably, it is used for the light ground mass of persimmon potting as described above, the persimmon of wherein matrix application to be
Ebenaceae calamander.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of the above-mentioned light ground mass for persimmon potting, the wherein party
Method includes the following steps：
(1) water is added to adjust humidity mushroom residue, using high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting technology, composting height is 1.4~1.6m,
The conical stacking of a diameter of 2~3m, and plastic covering film play not turning in 5~7 days after heap body reaches fermentation temperature,
To kill germ, worm's ovum, then turning, and while reaching fermentation temperature afterwards carry out turning, common fermentation obtains after 60~70 days
Decomposed mushroom residue；
(2) after mushroom residue decomposed obtained by step (1) is mixed with vermiculite, coconut palm chaff and garden mould, uniform stirring is obtained for persimmon
The light ground mass of sub- potting.
It is further preferred that as described above for the preparation method of the light ground mass of persimmon potting, which is characterized in that step
(1) in, water is added to adjust humidity to 50~60%.
It is further preferred that as described above for the preparation method of the light ground mass of persimmon potting, which is characterized in that step
(1) in, the temperature of the fermentation is 55~60 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the light ground mass of persimmon potting of the present invention has the following advantages that and progressive：
(1) persimmon potting dedicated substrate of the invention, rich in organic matter and various trace elements, and springy texture, water conservation
Fertilizer conservation, for persimmon using potting media of the present invention compared with simple same volume garden mould is cultivated, ground diameter increases by 120%, newly slightly long to increase
90%, newly slightly rugosity increases by 20%.
(2) raw material of the invention is simple, ecological, environmental protective, and mushroom residue is the waste of Edible Fungi, and garden mould can take on the spot
Material, coconut palm chaff are the coconut by-product or waste after processing, and vermiculite is natural, the nothing by being generated during certain granite hydration
Machine, nontoxic minerals.The use of above-mentioned material can turn waste into wealth, and improve the comprehensive utilization ratio of natural resources.
(3) unit weight of cultivation matrix of the invention is small, quality is light, easy to use, easy to carry.
In short, the matrix formulations of the present invention have unit weight small, porosity is high, and water conservation is breathed freely, economic and practical, nutrient is balanced etc.
Advantage, while derive from a wealth of sources, is environmentally protective, improve the comprehensive utilization ratio of natural resources.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment and comparative example, the advantageous effect that the present invention is furture elucidated, embodiment is only used for
It is bright the present invention rather than limit the scope of the invention.After reading this disclosure, those skilled in the art are to each of the present invention
The modification of kind equivalent form falls within the application protection domain defined in the appended claims.
Embodiment 1：The preparation of decomposed mushroom residue
Mushroom residue plus water are adjusted into humidity to 55%, using high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting technology, composting height is left for 1.5m
The right side, the conical stacking of a diameter of 2~3m, and plastic covering film.Heap body reach 55 DEG C rise keep 6 days after artificial turning,
Later temperature carries out turning again when reaching 55 DEG C.Fermentation obtains decomposed mushroom residue (for embodiment 2-3 and comparative example after 60 days
The preparation of 2-3 cultivation matrixes).
Embodiment 2
The volume ratio of each ingredient of cultivation matrix be decomposed mushroom residue 63%, coconut palm chaff 20%, vermiculite 17%.
Embodiment 3
The volume ratio of each ingredient of cultivation matrix be decomposed mushroom residue 50%, garden mould 13%, coconut palm chaff 20%, vermiculite 17%.It is right
Ratio 1 (does not add coconut palm chaff and mushroom residue)
The volume ratio of each ingredient of cultivation matrix be garden mould 83%, vermiculite 17%.
Comparative example 2 (does not add coconut palm chaff and garden mould, 65%) decomposed mushroom residue adding proportion is more than
The volume ratio of each ingredient of cultivation matrix be decomposed mushroom residue 83%, vermiculite 17%.
Comparative example 3 (decomposed mushroom residue adding proportion is less than 45%)
The volume ratio of each ingredient of cultivation matrix be decomposed mushroom residue 33%, garden mould 33%, coconut palm chaff 16%, vermiculite 17%.
In March, 2016, above-mentioned each cultivation matrix are configured in proportion, measure after the physicochemical property of each matrix (table 1).Choosing
It selects basin on the raw healthy and strong seedlings of ' Yang Feng ' persimmon 1 year, 10 basin of basin and is numbered in each matrix.Prevented using same watering and pest and disease damage
Principle is controlled, does not in addition apply any fertilizer.The ground diameter per basin persimmon potting, new slightly long, new slightly diameter etc. 3 are monthly measured after upper basin
A overground part growth indexes.After stopping growing to plant fallen leaves in December, plant is extracted, measures total root long, tip of a root number, root surface
4 underground part indexs such as product, root volume.To in December, 2016, the overground part growing state of each plant is shown in Table 2, underground part growth
Situation is shown in Table 3.This research was tested once in repetition in 2017, was obtained and same result in 2016.
The physicochemical property of 1 each matrix formulations of table
Compared with comparative example 1, the unit weight of embodiment 2 and 3 is small by 60%~70%, various nutrient contents but mostly several times to several
Ten times.Comparative example 2 also has the characteristics of light-weight, full of nutrition.It can be seen that mushroom residue compost is a kind of light-duty base full of nutrition
Matter.
2 persimmon potting overground part growing state of table
As can be seen from Table 2, the growing state of the persimmon potted plant of embodiment 3 is best, with not adding mushroom residue and coconut palm
The comparative example 1 of chaff compares, and ground diameter increases more 100%, newly slightly increases more 83%, newly slightly thick to increase more 10%.Embodiment 2 shows
It is pretty good.Comparative example 2 (coconut palm chaff and garden mould are not added, mushroom residue adding proportion is good more than new slightly growth pattern 65%),
But ground diameter growth is worst, and plant is elongated thin and weak.Comparative example 3 (mushroom residue adding proportion is less than 45%) newly slightly increases most slow.
3 persimmon potting underground part growing state of table
As can be seen from Table 3, the root growth situation of embodiment 2 and 3 is much better than comparative example, total root long, tip of a root number, root table
Totally 4 indexs are significantly greater than comparative example for area and root volume, and comparatively speaking embodiment 1 performs better.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of light ground mass for persimmon potting, which is characterized in that the matrix is using decomposed mushroom residue as main component, also
Including vermiculite, coconut palm chaff and garden mould, each component volume percentage composition is：Decomposed mushroom residue 45%~65%, coconut palm chaff 15%~20%,
Vermiculite 10%~20%, garden mould 0~15%.
2. according to claim 1 be used for persimmon potting light ground mass, which is characterized in that the matrix by decomposed mushroom residue,
Vermiculite and coconut palm chaff composition, each component volume percentage composition are：Decomposed mushroom residue 45%~65%, coconut palm chaff 15%~20%, vermiculite
10%~20%.
3. according to claim 1 be used for persimmon potting light ground mass, which is characterized in that the matrix by decomposed mushroom residue,
Vermiculite, coconut palm chaff and garden mould composition, each component volume percentage composition are：Decomposed mushroom residue 45%~58%, coconut palm chaff 15%~20%,
Vermiculite 15%~20%, garden mould 8~15%.
4. the light ground mass of persimmon potting to be used for according to claim any one of 1-3, which is characterized in that the decomposed mushroom
Mushroom slag be fermentation maturity after mushroom residue compost, 0.15~0.60g/cm of unit weight3, pH value 7.2~7.9, total porosity 70%~
80%, ventilating slit 10%~30%, 0.5~1.3mS/cm of EC values.
5. the light ground mass of persimmon potting to be used for according to claim any one of 1-3, which is characterized in that the vermiculite is in
Flake, 3~6mm of grain size.
6. the light ground mass of persimmon potting to be used for according to claim any one of 1-3, which is characterized in that matrix application
Persimmon is Ebenaceae calamander.
It is 7. a kind of as described in claim 1 for the preparation method of the light ground mass of persimmon potting, which is characterized in that this method packet
Include following steps：
(1) water is added to adjust humidity mushroom residue, using high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting technology, composting height is 1.4~1.6m, diameter
For the conical stacking of 2~3m, and plastic covering film, not turning in 5~7 days is played after heap body reaches fermentation temperature, to kill
Dead germ, worm's ovum, then turning, and while reaching fermentation temperature afterwards, carry out turning, and common fermentation obtains decomposed after 60~70 days
Mushroom residue；
(2) after mushroom residue decomposed obtained by step (1) is mixed with vermiculite, coconut palm chaff and garden mould, uniform stirring is obtained for persimmon basin
The light ground mass of cultivation.
8. according to claim 7 for the preparation method of the light ground mass of persimmon potting, which is characterized in that in step (1),
Water is added to adjust humidity to 50~60%.
9. according to claim 7 for the preparation method of the light ground mass of persimmon potting, which is characterized in that in step (1),
The fermentation temperature is 55~60 DEG C.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109076922A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-12-25 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | The preparation method and matrix preparation facilities of a kind of persimmon seedlings cultivation matrix, matrix |
| CN110352828A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-10-22 | 甘肃农业大学 | It is a kind of using agricultural wastes as pakchoi cultivation matrix of major ingredient and preparation method thereof |
| CN112939666A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-11 | 东北农业大学 | Method for preparing matrix soil by utilizing agricultural wastes |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109076922A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-12-25 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | The preparation method and matrix preparation facilities of a kind of persimmon seedlings cultivation matrix, matrix |
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| CN110352828A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-10-22 | 甘肃农业大学 | It is a kind of using agricultural wastes as pakchoi cultivation matrix of major ingredient and preparation method thereof |
| CN112939666A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-11 | 东北农业大学 | Method for preparing matrix soil by utilizing agricultural wastes |
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Application publication date: 20180629 |