CN108197421B - Quantitative evaluation method for beneficial zone of joint development of dense gas and coal bed gas - Google Patents
Quantitative evaluation method for beneficial zone of joint development of dense gas and coal bed gas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a quantitative evaluation method for a favorable area of the joint development of dense gas and coal bed gas, which comprises the following steps: establishing a two-gas geological occurrence mode of dense gas and coal bed gas of a target block; comprehensively determining key evaluation parameters of the beneficial area of the combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target area; establishing a numerical simulation model of the target block, developing numerical simulation by adopting an orthogonal test design method, and respectively determining the influence weight of key evaluation parameters of each dense gas and coal bed gas combined mining beneficial area of the target block on the two gas combined mining yield of the target block; respectively drawing a distribution diagram of key evaluation parameters of the two-gas combined mining beneficial area of each dense gas and coal bed gas in the target area on a plane; and calculating the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the beneficial area of the combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block, drawing a distribution diagram of the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the beneficial area of the combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block, and determining the beneficial area of the combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of the combined development of dense gas and coal bed gas, and particularly relates to a quantitative evaluation method for a favorable area of the combined development of dense gas and coal bed gas.
Background
The reserves of the dense gas account for a considerable proportion of the reserves of the whole natural gas, and the dense gas reservoir has a wide development prospect, but the dense gas reservoir has the characteristics of low single-well yield, no fracturing, no economic yield, high yield reduction, poor stable capacity, low exploitation speed and recovery ratio and the like. The exploration of coal bed gas in China has huge reserves, but the development of the coal bed gas has the characteristics of longer drainage and production period, production which can be realized only by fracturing, low yield of the coal bed gas well except for a block with better individual benefit and the like. Therefore, the problems of poor efficiency exist in the independent development of the dense gas and the coal bed gas.
In recent years, the exploration and development scale of compact gas and coal bed gas resources in China is continuously enlarged, and in order to improve the development benefit of low-grade unconventional gas such as compact gas and coal bed gas, some scholars put forward the idea of 'two-gas co-extraction' of compact gas and coal bed gas, compact gas and shale gas, shale gas and coal bed gas, even 'three-gas co-extraction' of compact gas, shale gas and coal bed gas, and put into practice in some regions, so that certain effects are achieved.
The main problem faced by the two-gas combined mining of dense gas and coal bed gas is the problem of developing and selecting areas, and the two-gas combined mining foundation can be realized geologically only under the specific two-gas overlapping occurrence condition and the proper geological parameter matching condition. In the quantitative evaluation method of geological selection, a grey correlation method, a hierarchical analysis method, an expert scoring method and the like are frequently adopted. However, there are some remaining improvements to these methods in practical applications: the grey correlation method considers the correlation between the target function and other factors based on a statistical method, and is difficult to pay attention to the internal relation analysis of each factor and the target function; the analytic hierarchy process focuses on the judgment of primary and secondary factors from the aspect of mathematics, and is deficient in describing a physical mechanism; the expert scoring method depends on expert experience and is strong in subjectivity. In addition, in the geological selection evaluation stage, the existing research focuses more on selection evaluation from the perspective of reserves and reservoir physical properties, and cannot systematically evaluate from the perspective of production.
At present, a large amount of research work is carried out on two-gas combined mining geological selection areas around coal reservoir development areas such as Ordos basin, Qin water basin, Qian west and the like, a corresponding two-gas combined mining geological evaluation method is established, and research work is carried out on fracture expansion, development strategies, yield influence factors and the like of two gases to obtain certain results. However, aiming at a specific block, the method for optimizing the two-gas combined mining beneficial area is established by using the abundance of two gas reserves, the physical properties of a reservoir and the like as main parameters and utilizing fuzzy evaluation or multi-parameter superposition, and on one hand, the problems of low universality and limited popularization exist; on the other hand, the parameters such as reserve capacity, reservoir physical properties and the like cannot directly indicate the yield difference of the two-gas combined production, and the practicability is not strong.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a quantitative evaluation method for a beneficial area of the combined development of dense gas and coal bed gas, which aims at the yield of the two-gas combined mining, establishes a universal quantitative evaluation index system for the beneficial area of the two-gas combined mining, solves the problems of low universality, limited popularization and an unclear index system of the traditional two-gas combined mining development selection area method, and provides guidance and basis for the two-gas combined mining development selection area.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a quantitative evaluation method for a favorable area of the joint development of dense gas and coal bed gas comprises the following steps:
1) determining main force dense gas and coal bed gas layer positions to be developed in a target block, and establishing a two-gas geological occurrence mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block according to a space superposition mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block;
2) comprehensively determining key evaluation parameters of the beneficial area of the two-gas combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target area according to the parameters which can influence the two-gas combined mining yield and the influence degree of each parameter on the two-gas combined mining yield and can be obtained by the target area in the combined development and selection stage;
3) establishing a numerical simulation model of the target block according to the two-gas geological occurrence mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block, developing numerical simulation by adopting an orthogonal test design method, and respectively determining the influence weight of key evaluation parameters of each dense gas and coal bed gas two-gas combined mining beneficial area of the target block on the two-gas combined mining yield of the target block;
4) respectively drawing a distribution diagram of key evaluation parameters of the two-gas combined mining beneficial area of each dense gas and coal bed gas in the target area on a plane;
5) and calculating the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the compact gas and coal bed gas dual-exploitation advantageous zone of the target block by using the distribution diagram of the key evaluation parameters of the compact gas and coal bed gas dual-exploitation advantageous zone of the target block on the plane, drawing the distribution diagram of the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the compact gas and coal bed gas dual-exploitation advantageous zone of the target block, and determining the compact gas and coal bed gas dual-exploitation advantageous zone of the target block.
The two-gas geological occurrence mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block in the step 1) can be simplified into three typical modes: the mode A is that the dense gas is under the coal bed gas, the mode B is that the dense gas is over the coal bed gas, and the mode C is that the dense gas and the coal bed gas are distributed alternately.
The optimal selection principle of the key evaluation parameters of the beneficial area of the combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target area in the step 2) is as follows: firstly, the candidate parameters can quantify their relationship to yield; secondly, the candidate parameters can realize the distribution rule of the candidate parameters in a plane or a longitudinal direction in geology.
The calculation formula of the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the compact gas and coal bed gas combined mining profitable area of the target block in the step 5) is as follows:
in the formula, I is a comprehensive evaluation coefficient of a beneficial area for the combined mining of dense gas and coal bed gas of a target block; fiAn ith key evaluation parameter of the target block is obtained; fiminThe minimum value of the ith key evaluation parameter of the target block is obtained; fimaxThe maximum value of the ith key evaluation parameter of the target block is obtained; n is the number of key evaluation parameters of the target block; w is aiAnd the influence weight of the ith key evaluation parameter of the target block on the yield of the two-gas combined mining is taken as the weight.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: 1. according to the method for quantitatively evaluating the beneficial zone for the combined development of the dense gas and the coal bed gas, the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the beneficial zone for the combined exploitation of the dense gas and the coal bed gas is defined, the yield of the combined exploitation of the two gases is taken as an evaluation target, the key parameters influencing the yield of the combined exploitation of the two gases and the influence degree of the key parameters on the yield are determined by adopting an orthogonal test design and a numerical simulation means, so that the quantitative evaluation on the beneficial zone for the combined exploitation of the two gases is realized, the method has universality and universality, is suitable for different geological gas reservoir conditions and different occurrence modes, can quantitatively evaluate the adaptability of the combined exploitation of the two gases in each zone from the angle influencing the yield, and has great theoretical technical significance. 2. The quantitative evaluation method for the beneficial zone of the combined development of the dense gas and the coal bed gas can quantitatively evaluate the beneficial zone of the combined mining of the two gases and provide guidance and basis for the selection of the combined mining of the two gases.
Drawings
FIGS. 1(a), (b), (c) are schematic diagrams of the vertical occurrence of a dense gas and coal bed methane pattern A, B, C, respectively;
FIGS. 2(a) and (b) are cumulative thickness contour plots of the dense gas bed and coal bed of the KNW mine area, respectively;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the dense gas in the KNW mining area;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of comprehensive evaluation coefficients of coal bed gas in a KNW mining area;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas in the KNW mining area.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The method aims at establishing a two-gas combined mining general quantitative evaluation index system, determines key evaluation parameters and influence degrees influencing the two-gas combined mining yield by taking the two-gas combined mining yield as an evaluation target and adopting an orthogonal design and a numerical simulation means, and establishes a comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the two-gas combined mining favorable area, thereby establishing an evaluation method capable of quantitatively evaluating the two-gas combined mining favorable area aiming at occurrence modes of dense gas and coal bed gas, specific geology of the two gases, fluid and other parameters, and providing guidance and basis for the two-gas combined mining development selection area.
Based on the principle, the method for quantitatively evaluating the favorable area of the combined development of the dense gas and the coal bed gas, provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
1) determining the main power dense gas and coal bed gas layer positions to be developed in the target block, and establishing a two-gas geological occurrence mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block according to the space superposition mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block.
The spatial stacking pattern of dense gas and coal bed gas is very complex. On the plane, dense gas develops in some areas, coal bed gas develops in some areas, and the area where the dense gas and the coal bed gas develop simultaneously focuses on the two-gas combined mining development selection area. In the vertically superposed mode, a mode that the coal bed gas is under a plurality of layers or a single layer of dense gas exists, a mode that the coal bed gas is over a plurality of layers or a single layer of dense gas exists, or an occurrence mode that the coal bed gas and the dense gas are distributed in a plurality of layers and are mutually distributed exists. For example, in an Ore-Doss KNW mining area, a 4+5# coal seam, a 7# coal seam and an 8+9# coal seam are main coal seam gas occurrence layers; while the main dense gas layers, such as box 8, Tai 2, mountain 2, Ben 1, etc., exist above, below or between these coal layers, the two gas occurrence modes are extremely complex. In the actual development process, the main force dense gas and coal bed gas layer positions to be developed are determined, and then a two-gas occurrence mode is established. The geological occurrence modes are determined mainly by providing a basis for establishing numerical simulation models, and on the basis, different geological occurrence modes correspond to different numerical simulation models, so that the determined parameter response degrees are different.
According to the spatial superposition mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas, the geological occurrence modes of the two gases are classified and summarized, and the occurrence modes of the dense gas and the coal bed gas in the vertical direction can be simplified into three typical modes: as shown in fig. 1(a), mode a is that dense gas underlies coal bed gas; as shown in fig. 1(B), the mode B is that the dense gas is overlaid on the coal bed gas, and as shown in fig. 1(C), the mode C is that the dense gas and the coal bed gas are distributed alternately.
2) And comprehensively determining key evaluation parameters of the beneficial area of the two-gas combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target area according to the parameters which can influence the two-gas combined mining yield and the influence degree of each parameter on the two-gas combined mining yield and can be obtained by the target area in the combined development and selection stage.
When quantitative evaluation is performed on two-gas combined mining development selection areas with yield as a target, parameters having large influence on yield need to be selected as key evaluation parameters. The factors influencing the yield of the two-gas combined production are numerous and mainly include: gas reservoir factors such as permeability (absolute permeability, gas phase effective permeability), gas layer thickness, porosity, gas saturation, formation pressure, Lane's volume, coal bed gas content, and the like; fluid factors such as temperature, pressure, Z-factor, fluid viscosity, fluid composition, and the like; engineering factors such as fracture half-length, fracture width, fracture conductivity, fracture spacing, etc.; production factors such as working system, development system combination and the like.
The preferred principles for key evaluation parameters are: firstly, the relation between the candidate parameters and the yield can be quantified, namely the candidate parameters are reflected in a numerical reservoir simulation program, such as porosity, permeability and the like; and mineral components and the like cannot be obtained, and the influence analysis of the mineral components and the like on the yield cannot be realized in a numerical reservoir simulation program. Secondly, the distribution rule of the candidate parameters on the plane or the longitudinal direction can be realized in geology, namely, some parameters related in numerical reservoir simulation are not geological parameters such as diffusion coefficients and the like, the parameters also influence the yield, but the parameters cannot be obtained from the geological perspective in the geological region selection stage, so that the key parameters which influence the yield and are determined through numerical simulation can be realized in the geological region selection stage, and otherwise, the quantitative region selection cannot be carried out.
3) According to the two-gas geological occurrence mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block, a numerical simulation model of the target block is established, numerical simulation is carried out by adopting an orthogonal test design method, and influence weights of key evaluation parameters of each dense gas and coal bed gas two-gas combined mining beneficial area of the target block on the two-gas combined mining yield of the target block are respectively determined.
After key evaluation parameters of the beneficial area of the combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target area are determined, the distribution range of the key evaluation parameters of the beneficial area of the combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target area is combined, and an orthogonal design method is adopted, so that a possible geological parameter combination mode capable of covering the target area is obtained with the least number of times of numerical simulation. The orthogonal test design method is a method for arranging tests and carrying out data analysis by using an established table, namely an orthogonal table, and is simple and feasible and is tabulated by calculation. The so-called geological parameter combination model is the possible combination and model of different geological parameters in the area, for example, the thickness is 5-10 m and the porosity is 5-10% in the area, so that the possibility of combination is very high. For example, 5 meters thick, the porosity may be 5%, 10%, or anywhere between 5-10%, which may be very multi-component. To determine the influence of different parameters in different combination modes, if orthogonal design is not adopted, too many calculation cases are needed. For example, if the thickness has 10 values, the porosity has 10 values, and the permeability has 10 values, 1000 examples are required to obtain the influence degree of each parameter in the complete range; when the number of parameters is more, the calculation is more exemplary. Therefore, reasonable results can be obtained with the least number of times of calculation by adopting the orthogonal design. The numerical simulation results of different examples of the orthogonal design table are analyzed, and the influence degree of each key evaluation parameter on the yield of the two-gas combined production can be quantified.
4) And respectively drawing a distribution diagram of key evaluation parameters of the compact gas and coal bed gas combined mining beneficial area of the target block on a plane, namely a plane distribution rule, such as the position of the key evaluation parameter and the quantity of the parameter value.
5) And calculating the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the compact gas and coal bed gas dual-exploitation advantageous zone of the target block by using the distribution diagram of the key evaluation parameters of the compact gas and coal bed gas dual-exploitation advantageous zone of the target block on the plane, drawing the distribution diagram of the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the compact gas and coal bed gas dual-exploitation advantageous zone of the target block, and determining the compact gas and coal bed gas dual-exploitation advantageous zone of the target block.
And defining the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the two-gas combined mining favorable area of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block as I, and realizing the quantitative evaluation of the two-gas combined mining favorable area through the definition. And defining a calculation formula of a comprehensive evaluation coefficient I of the compact gas and coal bed gas combined mining profitable area of the target block as follows:
in the formula, FiThe specific unit of the ith key evaluation parameter of the target block, such as permeability, porosity, thickness, pressure, Langmiur pressure and the like, depends on the selected key evaluation parameter; fiminThe minimum value of the ith key evaluation parameter of the target block is obtained; fimaxIs a target areaBlock the maximum value of the ith key evaluation parameter; n is the number of key evaluation parameters of the target block; w is aiAnd determining the weight of each parameter by using a level difference analysis method of the orthogonal design table, wherein the weight of the influence of the ith key evaluation parameter of the target block on the yield of the two-gas combined mining is derived from numerical simulation results of different examples of the orthogonal design table, and if the ith key evaluation parameter is in positive correlation with the yield of the two-gas combined mining, taking a positive value, otherwise, taking a negative value.
The beneficial zone quantitative evaluation method for the joint development of the dense gas and the coal bed gas is further described by taking an Ore's KNW mining area as an example, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) determining the main power dense gas and coal bed gas horizon of the KNW mining area, and establishing a two-gas geological occurrence mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the KNW mining area as a mode shown in a figure 1b according to the space superposition mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the KNW mining area, namely the dense gas is covered on the coal bed gas.
2) Parameters which can influence the yield of the two-gas combined mining and can be obtained in the KNW mining area in the combined development and selection stage are permeability (absolute permeability and gas phase effective permeability), gas layer thickness, porosity, gas saturation, formation pressure, Langmuir volume, coal bed gas content and the like; fluid factors: such as temperature, pressure, Z-factor, fluid viscosity, fluid composition, etc.; engineering factors: such as the half-length of the fracture, the width of the fracture, the flow conductivity of the fracture, the interval of the fracture and the like.
Considering that the types of fluids in the KNW mining area are basically consistent, the fracturing construction parameters are basically consistent, and the working system is basically consistent, so that the influence of the three aspects on the yield is neglected, and the distribution rule of the parameters of the three aspects on a plane is difficult to obtain, so that the key evaluation parameters of the beneficial area of the combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas in the KNW mining area are determined to be 12, and for a dense gas reservoir, 5 key parameters such as porosity, permeability, gas saturation, reservoir thickness, dense gas lamination pressure and the like are mainly considered; aiming at a coal bed gas reservoir, 7 parameters such as porosity, permeability, thickness, gas content, Langmuir volume, Langmuir pressure, coal bed pressure and the like are mainly considered.
3) According to the two-gas geological occurrence mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the KNW mining area, a numerical simulation model of the KNW mining area is established, numerical simulation is carried out by adopting an orthogonal test design method, the influence weight of key evaluation parameters of each dense gas and coal bed gas two-gas combined mining profitable area of the KNW mining area on the two-gas combined mining yield of a target block is respectively determined, and therefore the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the two-gas combined mining profitable area of the KNW mining area is determined as follows:
in the formula, the number in front of each parameter is the weight of the influence of each parameter on the yield of the two-gas combined mining.
4) And (5) drawing a distribution diagram of key geological and fluid parameters of the KNW mining area, as shown in the figures (a) and (b).
5) As shown in fig. 3, the key geological and fluid parameter distribution map of the KNW mining area is used to calculate the sum of the first 5 items in the comprehensive evaluation coefficients of the two-gas combined mining profitable area of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the KNW mining area, i.e. the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the key parameter part of the dense gas, and draw the comprehensive evaluation coefficient distribution map of the key parameter part of the dense gas of the KNW mining area. It can be seen that the central region of KNW-10, KNW-33 and the southwest region of KNW-9 are favorable regions from the standpoint of the development of dense gas alone.
As shown in fig. 4, the key geological and fluid parameter distribution map of the KNW mining area is used to calculate the sum of the last 7 items in the comprehensive evaluation coefficients of the mining profitable area of the dense gas and the coal bed gas in the KNW mining area, that is, the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the key parameter part of the coal bed gas, and draw the comprehensive evaluation coefficient distribution map of the key parameter part of the coal bed gas in the KNW mining area. It can be seen that from the coal bed gas exploitation perspective alone, the south region and the north KNW-37 well of the mining area are favorable regions for coal bed gas exploitation.
As shown in fig. 5, the key geological and fluid parameter distribution map of the KNW mining area is used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the advantageous area of the combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the KNW mining area, and the comprehensive evaluation coefficient distribution map of the advantageous area of the combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the KNW mining area is drawn. It can be seen that from the perspective of two-gas combined mining, the middle and southwest parts of the mining area are favorable areas for two-gas combined mining.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and the structure, the arrangement position, the connection mode, and the like of each component can be changed, and all equivalent changes and improvements based on the technical scheme of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A quantitative evaluation method for a favorable area of the joint development of dense gas and coal bed gas comprises the following steps:
1) determining main force dense gas and coal bed gas layer positions to be developed in a target block, and establishing a two-gas geological occurrence mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block according to a space superposition mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block; the two-gas geological occurrence mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block comprises the following steps: the mode A is that the dense gas is under the coal bed gas, the mode B is that the dense gas is over the coal bed gas, and the mode C is that the dense gas and the coal bed gas are distributed alternately;
2) according to parameters which can influence the two-gas combined mining yield and can be obtained by a target block in a combined development and selection stage and the influence degree of each parameter on the two-gas combined mining yield, key evaluation parameters of a dense gas and coal bed gas combined mining beneficial area of the target block are comprehensively determined, wherein the parameters influencing the two-gas combined mining yield comprise: gas reservoir factors including permeability, gas layer thickness, porosity, gas saturation, formation pressure, Langmuir volume, and coal bed gas content; fluid factors including temperature, pressure, Z factor, fluid viscosity, fluid composition; engineering factors including fracture half-length, fracture width, fracture conductivity and fracture spacing;
3) establishing a numerical simulation model of the target block according to the two-gas geological occurrence mode of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target block, developing numerical simulation by adopting an orthogonal test design method, and respectively determining the influence weight of key evaluation parameters of each dense gas and coal bed gas two-gas combined mining beneficial area of the target block on the two-gas combined mining yield of the target block;
4) respectively drawing a distribution diagram of key evaluation parameters of the two-gas combined mining beneficial area of each dense gas and coal bed gas in the target area on a plane;
5) calculating a distribution diagram of key evaluation parameters of the compact gas and coal bed gas combined mining beneficial area of the target block on a plane, drawing a distribution diagram of the compact gas and coal bed gas combined mining beneficial area comprehensive evaluation coefficients of the target block, and determining the compact gas and coal bed gas combined mining beneficial area of the target block; the calculation formula of the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of the beneficial area of the combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target area is as follows:
in the formula, I is a comprehensive evaluation coefficient of a beneficial area for the combined mining of dense gas and coal bed gas of a target block; f is the ith key evaluation parameter of the target block; fiminThe minimum value of the ith key evaluation parameter of the target block is obtained; fimaxThe maximum value of the ith key evaluation parameter of the target block is obtained; n is the number of key evaluation parameters of the target block; w is aiAnd the influence weight of the ith key evaluation parameter of the target block on the yield of the two-gas combined mining is taken as the weight.
2. The method for quantitatively evaluating the beneficial area of the combined development of the dense gas and the coal bed gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preferred principle of the combined mining of the dense gas and the coal bed gas of the target area in the step 2) for the key evaluation parameters of the beneficial area is as follows: firstly, the candidate parameters can quantify their relationship to yield; secondly, the candidate parameters can realize the distribution rule of the candidate parameters in a plane or a longitudinal direction in geology.
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