CN108196880A - Software project knowledge mapping method for automatically constructing and system - Google Patents
Software project knowledge mapping method for automatically constructing and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108196880A CN108196880A CN201711307630.3A CN201711307630A CN108196880A CN 108196880 A CN108196880 A CN 108196880A CN 201711307630 A CN201711307630 A CN 201711307630A CN 108196880 A CN108196880 A CN 108196880A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of software project knowledge mapping method for automatically constructing and systems.This method includes:1) priginal soft resource data is parsed, obtains rudimentary knowledge entity and its association of software project, and be stored in chart database in the form of vertex and side;2) existing rudimentary knowledge entity and it is its associated on the basis of, establish new association between entities using knowledge refinement method, and/or new rudimentary knowledge entity and its association are added in knowledge mapping, and be stored in chart database in the form of vertex and side;3) selected section or whole rudimentary knowledge entities and its association, form software project knowledge mapping.The analytic method and knowledge refinement method of each soft-asset data exist with card format, and software project knowledge mapping is generated by selecting and running the plug-in unit of needs.The present invention solves the problems, such as extraction and tissue areas specific knowledge from multi-source heterogeneous software resource, and applied widely, scalability is strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to computer software technical fields, are related to the automatic constructing technology of software project knowledge mapping, specifically relate to
And knowledge mapping method for automatically constructing and system to the software project comprising multi-source heterogeneous resource.
Background technology
One software project generally comprises a plurality of types of software resources, such as source code, question and answer document, demand/design
Document, defect report, mail tabulation etc..In Software Reuse, in order to help, user is quick, effectively obtains the soft of its needs
Part resource needs to excavate, utilizes abundant field specific knowledge.At present, obtain software project in field specific knowledge to multiplexing
It is a time-consuming and laborious process for person, in the process comprising following two main difficulties:
1) soft-asset data is typically multi-source heterogeneous.A plurality of types of data simultaneously deposit and bring problem of detached island of information,
The a variety of incidence relations implied between soft-asset data have to be excavated;
2) many soft-asset datas exist in the form of natural language, and machine can not be well understood by its semantic information,
This brings very big difficulty to the retrieval of related resource.
More than in view of, since the prior art can not be organized effectively, the field specific knowledge in associated software project, cause
Multiple user expends great effort during software project resource is obtained.Therefore, a kind of software project knowledge mapping is studied certainly
Dynamic building method is very necessary.
Knowledge mapping is substantially a kind of semantic network, and vertex represents entity and concept, while between representing entity/concept
Various semantic relations.It realizes the conversion for being described to structuring semantic description from character string to objective world, is to objective
The Knowledge Mapping in the world.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of software project knowledge mapping method for automatically constructing and systems.This method can be suitably used for difference
The software resource of data type, applied widely, scalability is strong.
The present invention is directed to construct software project knowledge mapping automatically, the advantage of knowledge mapping is played and is led in software development
Domain.Particularly, in software project knowledge mapping, knowledge definition that can directly by being obtained to single type software resource resolution
For basic knowledge;Will be by data digging method, knowledge definition obtained by rudimentary knowledge is associated and is extended is known for derivative
Know.
The technical scheme is that:
A kind of software project knowledge mapping method for automatically constructing, step are:
1) interpolation data parsing plug-in unit.Priginal soft resource data is parsed, obtains the rudimentary knowledge of software project
Entity and its association are stored in the form of vertex and side in chart database (such as Neo4j).Preferably, each software resource
The analytic method of data exists with card format.
2) knowledge refinement plug-in unit is added.Existing rudimentary knowledge entity and it is its associated on the basis of, using plug-in unit on basis
New association is established between knowledge entity and/or new rudimentary knowledge entity and its association are added in knowledge mapping.With vertex
It is stored in chart database (such as Neo4j) with the form on side.Preferably, knowledge refinement method equally exists with card format.
3) the part or all of rudimentary knowledge entity and its association that step 1), step 2) obtain are selected, forms software project
Knowledge mapping.The step can run generation software project knowledge mapping by the plug-in unit for selecting to need.
Further, software project knowledge mapping method for automatically constructing proposed by the present invention is based on the Spring frames increased income
Frame adds two kinds of plug-in unit (data parsing plug-in unit, knowledge refinement plug-in unit) with supporting dynamic flexible.The present invention introduced below
The plug-in unit of realization.In use, dynamic select part plug-in component operation can also be needed according to user.
Further, step 1) includes following sub-step:
1-1) software project source code parses.It particularly may be divided into following three steps:
The software project source code of written in Java 1-1-1) is resolved into abstract syntax tree using Eclipse JDT;
1-1-2) ergodic abstract syntax tree, code element (class, method, interface) information in record code;
1-1-3) using the API of Neo4j, the vertex of 4 types is added in chart database:Class (Class), method
(Method), interface (Interface), domain (Field) and 6 kinds of associations:Succession association (extend) between class and class, class
Realization association (implement) between interface, between class and method comprising association (have_method), class and domain it
Between comprising between association (have_field), method and method calling association (call_method), between method and domain
Call association (call_field).There is corresponding property value on each type of vertex, such as class vertex includes class name, class annotates
Attribute.
1-2) software project question and answer document parses.Question and answer document comes from StackOverflow, particularly may be divided into following three
Step:
It 1-2-1) is made a speech and remembered according to tag extraction project correlation from the archive file of the XML format of StackOverflow
Record (Post) and user (User);
1-2-2) according to Post ID and User ID, multiple Post are organized into a question and answer document, each question and answer document
Comprising a problem, 0 or multiple answers, each problem and answer have unique author and several comments;
All question and answer documents 1-2-3) are traversed, the vertex of 4 types is added in chart database:Problem
(Question), (Answer), comment (Comment), StackOverflow user (User) and 4 kinds of associations are answered:Problem
Reply association (haveAnswer) between answer, the comment association (haveComment) between question/response and comment,
The repetition association between author's association (haveAuthor), problem and problem between question/response and user
(duplicated)。
1-3) software project demand/design documentation parsing.It is required that document format is Microsoft's Office Word documents, depositing
It puts and indicates under the catalogue it is requirement documents or design documentation under the root of document, particularly may be divided into following two steps:
1-3-1) the file under recursive search DocumentRoot is if suffix name " 1-3-2 is performed if .docx "), otherwise
Skip this document;
1-3-2) file of .docx forms is parsed using Open-Source Tools Apache POI, POI can be extracted
.docx the chapters and sections format information of document.The tree structure that each document after parsing is made of multiple chapters and sections, under each chapters and sections
The node of three types can be subdivided into:Plain text, table, sub- chapters and sections (chapters and sections are a kind of recursive data structures);
The structure tree corresponding to single document 1-3-3) is traversed, vertex (such as Fig. 4 of 4 types is added in chart database
It is shown):Document (DocxFile), document section (DocxSection), document table (DocxTable), document plain text
(DocxPlainText), wherein Doctype node contains there are one document type property (usageType), according to root
Information may be configured as demand (require)/design (design).Simultaneously a kind of association is added in chart database kind:Include association
(have_sub_element), document and chapters and sections, chapters and sections and sub- chapters and sections, chapters and sections and plain text, chapters and sections can be represented comprising association
Subordinate relation between table.
Further, step 2) includes following sub-step:
2-1) code element tracking association in question and answer document.It is specifically divided into following two steps:
2-1-1) code in chart database is established with the name attribute of the code element (class, method, interface) in source code
The index on element vertex;
The vertex of question and answer document in chart database 2-1-2) is traversed, if containing what can be indexed in the content of text on vertex
Code element title establishes incidence relation new in one between the code element vertex and question and answer document vertex indexed:Generation
Code tracking association (docRef).
2-2) requirement documents are associated with design documentation.Traverse the document section top that all properties in chart database are " demand "
Point extracts the heading message on vertex.To the title of each requirement documents chapters and sections, recursive traversal all properties are the text of " design "
Shelves chapters and sections vertex, if the title of requirement documents chapters and sections is the substring of the title of design documentation chapters and sections, on the two chapters and sections tops
A kind of new association is established between point:Demand/design association (designed_by).
Further, step 3) includes following sub-step:
3-1) plug-in card configuration.The system that the present invention realizes, in configuration plug-in, is needed based on the Spring frames increased income
Plug-in unit entry is added in the configuration file for the XML format that frame provides, a plug-in unit entry includes:Plug-in unit ID, plug-in unit perform class
Path, plug-in unit need initial parameter value;
3-2) knowledge mapping path is configured.After all plug-in card configurations, according to wanting generation step 1) corresponding basis knows
Know collection of illustrative plates or the corresponding derivative knowledge mapping of step 2), carry out following path configuration:
3-2-1) for rudimentary knowledge collection of illustrative plates, the path of the knowledge mapping of generation need to be only specified;
3-2-2) for derivative knowledge mapping, specified rudimentary knowledge collection of illustrative plates path and the knowledge mapping path of generation are needed;
3-3) after the configuration of path, principal function is run, software project knowledge mapping will be completed in the case where providing path
Automatic construction.
A kind of software project knowledge mapping constructs system automatically, including:
Data parse plug-in unit, for priginal soft resource to be parsed, obtain software project rudimentary knowledge entity and
It is associated with, and rudimentary knowledge entity and its association are stored in the form of vertex and side in chart database;
Knowledge refinement plug-in unit, for existing rudimentary knowledge entity and it is its associated on the basis of, using knowledge refinement method
New association is established between entities and/or new rudimentary knowledge entity and its association is added in knowledge mapping, and with vertex
It is stored in chart database with the form on side;
Software project knowledge mapping generation module is inserted for selecting and running the data of needs parsing plug-in unit and knowledge refinement
Part generates software project knowledge mapping.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The software project knowledge mapping method for automatically constructing and system of the present invention, the advantage of knowledge mapping is played in software
Development field solves the problems, such as extraction and tissue areas specific knowledge from multi-source heterogeneous software resource, can be suitable for
The software resource of different types of data, applied widely, scalability is strong.It is simultaneously follow-up MSR (Mining Software
Repository, software resource excavate) work provides good data and method is supported.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the automatic tectonic framework figure of software project knowledge mapping.
Fig. 2 is software project source code analytic structure figure.
Fig. 3 is software project question and answer document analytic structure figure.
Fig. 4 is software project demand/design documentation analytic structure figure.
Specific embodiment
Features described above and advantage to enable the present invention are clearer and more comprehensible, special embodiment below, and institute's attached drawing is coordinated to do
It is described in detail.
The present invention provides a kind of software project knowledge mapping method for automatically constructing, and realizes corresponding system, system frame
Frame figure including data analytic sheaf, knowledge refinement layer, and in application layer as shown in Figure 1, provide user's inspection based on chart database
Suo Gongneng.Two specific embodiments are as follows:
Embodiment one:
In the present embodiment, user needs structure one to include source code, question and answer document related top and associated software item
Mesh knowledge mapping, software project use open source projects Apache Lucene.Specific implementation step is as follows:
1) it gets out knowledge mapping and generates required initial data, knowledge mapping as generation needs Apache
The complete source code of mono- version of Lucene and the archive of StackOverflow;
2) it is inserted into data parsing plug-in unit.This step carries out data parsing to source code and question and answer document respectively, is specifically divided into
Source code parses plug-in unit and question and answer document parsing plug-in unit.
Source code parses plug-in unit and is parsed by the source code to written in Java, obtains code structure figure as shown in Figure 2, and
Entity in structure chart and incidence relation are stored in the form of vertex and side into chart database, are specifically divided into three steps:
The software project source code of written in Java 2-1) is resolved into abstract syntax tree using Eclipse JDT;
2-2) ergodic abstract syntax tree, code element (class, method, interface) information in record code;
2-3) using the API of Neo4j, the vertex of 4 types is added in chart database:Class (Class), method
(Method), interface (Interface), domain (Field) and 6 kinds of associations:Succession association (extend) between class and class, class
Realization association (implement) between interface, between class and method comprising association (have_method), class and domain it
Between comprising between association (have_field), method and method calling association (call_method), between method and domain
Call association (call_field).
Question and answer document parses plug-in unit and is parsed by the archive file to StackOverflow, obtains document as shown in Figure 3
Structure chart, and the entity in structure chart and incidence relation are stored in the form of vertex and side into chart database, it is specifically divided into
Three steps:
2-4) from the archive file of the XML format of StackOverflow according to tag extraction project correlation Post and
User;
2-5) according to Post ID and User ID, multiple Post are organized into a question and answer document, each question and answer document packet
Containing a problem, 0 or multiple answers, each problem and answer have unique author and several comments;
2-6) all question and answer documents add the vertex of 4 types in chart database:Problem (Question) is answered
(Answer), (Comment), StackOverflow user (StackOverflowUser) and 4 kinds of associations are commented on:Problem and
The comment between reply association (haveAnswer), question/response and comment between answer is associated with (haveComment), asks
The author of topic/between answer and user is associated with the repetition association (duplicate) between (haveAuthor), problem and problem.
3) plug-in unit is performed.It is specifically divided into three steps:
3-1) configuration plug-in.Two plug-in unit entries are added in project profile:Source code parsing plug-in unit, question and answer document
Parse plug-in unit.Each plug-in unit entry needs the initial parameter value (step 1) that plug-in unit ID, plug-in unit perform the path of class, plug-in unit needs
In the code file path mentioned and StackOverflow archive files path).
3-2) knowledge mapping path is configured.The generation path of knowledge mapping is specified in configuration file.
3-3) run principal function, the knowledge mapping generated.Knowledge mapping is stored in the form of chart database Neo4j,
User can be browsed and be retrieved to knowledge mapping using chart database query language Cypher.
Wherein, principal function is the entrance function of this system operation, needs to obtain configuration file context in principal function, start
Plug-in component operation.
Embodiment two:
In the present embodiment, user is needed in the rudimentary knowledge figure on included source code vertex and question and answer document vertex
New " code-question and answer document associations " knowledge is extracted in spectrum, so as to construct a new software project knowledge mapping.Specific step
It is rapid as follows:
1) the rudimentary knowledge collection of illustrative plates of knowledge refinement is ready for, this example uses the knowledge graph generated in embodiment one
Spectrum.
2) it is inserted into knowledge refinement plug-in unit.In the present embodiment, needing insertion, " code element tracking association is inserted in question and answer document
Part ".
It is as follows:
2-1) code member in chart database is established with the name attribute of the code element (class, method, interface) in source code
The index on plain vertex;
The vertex of question and answer document in chart database 2-2) is traversed, if containing the generation that can be indexed in the content of text on vertex
Data code title establishes a kind of new incidence relation between the code element vertex and question and answer document vertex indexed:Code
Tracking association (docRef).
3) plug-in unit is performed.It is specifically divided into three steps:
3-1) configuration plug-in.Addition " code element tracks associated plug-in in the question and answer document " item in project profile
Mesh.Plug-in unit entry needs the initial parameter value that plug-in unit ID, plug-in unit perform the path of class, plug-in unit needs.
3-2) knowledge mapping path is configured.The path of rudimentary knowledge collection of illustrative plates and new derivative knowledge are specified in configuration file
The generation path of collection of illustrative plates.
3-3) run principal function, the knowledge mapping generated.Knowledge mapping is stored in the form of chart database Neo4j,
User can be browsed and be retrieved to knowledge mapping using chart database query language Cypher.
The core of the present invention is to propose the software project knowledge mapping building method of a set of frame, specific plug-in unit
(data parsing plug-in unit, knowledge refinement plug-in unit) is realized can dynamic expansion and screening in practical applications.Meanwhile original data source,
The storage form of knowledge mapping, the plug-in implement method having been mentioned also can be used and be adjusted flexibly, and such as be provided using other kinds of software
Source inputs (this programme have processed software project source code, StackOverflow question and answer document, software item as bottom data
Mesh demand/design documentation), (this programme uses chart database to the knowledge mapping of selection other types database purchase generation
Neo4j), other code analysis tools are used in source code parsing (this programme uses Eclipse JDT).
Specific embodiment described herein is only an example for the spirit of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can do various modifications or additions to described specific embodiment or replace in a similar way
In generation, however, it does not deviate from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of software project knowledge mapping method for automatically constructing, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
1) priginal soft resource data is parsed, obtains rudimentary knowledge entity and its association of software project, and will be basic
Knowledge entity and its association are stored in the form of vertex and side in chart database;
2) existing rudimentary knowledge entity and it is its associated on the basis of, establish new pass between entities using knowledge refinement method
Join and/or new rudimentary knowledge entity and its association are added in knowledge mapping, and figure number is stored in the form of vertex and side
According in library;
3) the part or all of rudimentary knowledge entity and its association that step 1), step 2) obtain are selected, forms software project knowledge
Collection of illustrative plates.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the analytic method of each soft-asset data is with slotting in step 1)
Part form exists, and the knowledge refinement method in step 2) exists with card format, and step 3) is by selecting and running inserting for needs
Part generates software project knowledge mapping.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that software project knowledge graph is realized based on the Spring frames increased income
The automatic construction of spectrum adds two kinds of plug-in unit with supporting dynamic flexible:Data parse plug-in unit and knowledge refinement plug-in unit.
4. the method as described in any claim in claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that step 1) includes software project source
Code analysis, the parsing of software project question and answer document and software project demand/design documentation parsing.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the software project source code parsing includes the following steps:
The software project source code of written in Java 1-1-1) is resolved into abstract syntax tree;
1-1-2) ergodic abstract syntax tree, code element information in record code;
The vertex of 4 types 1-1-3) is added in chart database:Class, method, interface, domain and 6 kinds of associations:Class and class it
Between succession association, the realization association between class and interface, between class and method comprising between association, class and domain comprising closing
The calling association between calling association, method and domain between connection, method and method;There is corresponding category on each type of vertex
Property value.
6. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the software project question and answer document parsing includes the following steps:
1-2-1) according to tag extraction project correlation Post and User from the archive file of XML format;
1-2-2) according to Post ID and User ID, multiple Post are organized into a question and answer document, each question and answer document includes
One problem, 0 or multiple answers, each problem and answer have unique author and several comments;
All question and answer documents 1-2-3) are traversed, the vertex of 4 types is added in chart database:Problem, answer, comment, use
Family and 4 kinds of associations:The comment association between reply association, question/response and comment between problem and answer, problem/return
The repetition answered between author's association between user, problem and problem is associated with.
7. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the software project demand/design documentation parsing, it is desirable that document
Form is Microsoft's Office Word documents, indicates under the catalogue it is requirement documents or design text under the root of storage document
Shelves, include the following steps:
1-3-1) the file under recursive search DocumentRoot performs 1-3-2 if suffix name is " .docx "), otherwise skip
This document;
1-3-2) file of .docx forms is parsed, the tree-like knot that each document after parsing is made of multiple chapters and sections
Structure is subdivided into the node of three types under each chapters and sections:Plain text, table, sub- chapters and sections;
The structure tree corresponding to single document 1-3-3) is traversed, the vertex of 4 types is added in chart database:Document, document
Chapters and sections, document table, document plain text, wherein Doctype node contain there are one document type property, according to the letter of root
Breath may be configured as demand/design;Simultaneously a kind of association is added in chart database kind:Comprising association, document and chapters and sections, chapters and sections are represented
Subordinate relation between sub- chapters and sections, chapters and sections and plain text, chapters and sections and table.
8. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that step 2) includes following sub-step:
2-1) code element tracking association in question and answer document, including:
The index on code element vertex in chart database 2-1-1) is established with the name attribute of the code element in source code;
The vertex of question and answer document in chart database 2-1-2) is traversed, if containing the code that can be indexed in the content of text on vertex
Element term establishes incidence relation new in one between the code element vertex and question and answer document vertex indexed:Code chases after
Track is associated with;
2-2) requirement documents are associated with design documentation:The document section vertex that all properties in chart database are " demand " is traversed,
Extract the heading message on vertex;To the title of each requirement documents chapters and sections, recursive traversal all properties are the document of " design "
Chapters and sections vertex, if the title of requirement documents chapters and sections is the substring of the title of design documentation chapters and sections, on the two chapters and sections vertex
Between establish a kind of new association:Demand/design association.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that step 3) includes following sub-step:
3-1) plug-in card configuration:Plug-in unit entry is added, a plug-in unit entry includes:Plug-in unit ID, plug-in unit perform the path of class, plug-in unit
The initial parameter value needed;
3-2) knowledge mapping path is configured:After all plug-in card configurations, according to wanting generation step 1) corresponding rudimentary knowledge figure
Spectrum or the corresponding derivative knowledge mapping of step 2), carry out following path configuration:
3-2-1) for rudimentary knowledge collection of illustrative plates, the path of the knowledge mapping of generation need to be only specified;
3-2-2) for derivative knowledge mapping, specified rudimentary knowledge collection of illustrative plates path and the knowledge mapping path of generation are needed;
3-3) after the configuration of path, principal function is run, the automatic construction of software project knowledge mapping is completed in the case where providing path.
10. a kind of software project knowledge mapping constructs system automatically, which is characterized in that including:
Data parse plug-in unit, for being parsed to priginal soft resource data, obtain software project rudimentary knowledge entity and
It is associated with, and rudimentary knowledge entity and its association are stored in the form of vertex and side in chart database;
Knowledge refinement plug-in unit, for existing rudimentary knowledge entity and it is its associated on the basis of, using knowledge refinement method in reality
New association is established between body and/or new rudimentary knowledge entity and its association are added in knowledge mapping, and with vertex and side
Form be stored in chart database;
Software project knowledge mapping generation module comes for selecting and running the data of needs parsing plug-in unit and knowledge refinement plug-in unit
Generate software project knowledge mapping.
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