CN108182581B - Accounting method and device for block chain - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a block chain accounting method and device, relates to the technical field of internet, and aims to solve the problems that an existing token-free block chain system cannot be continuously and efficiently identified and is easily attacked by malicious nodes and operators, so that the block chain accounting application is limited. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: creating a billing node set; when a transaction request is received, verifying each accounting node according to a first random value; if the verification is passed, extracting the current accounting node from the accounting node set; and triggering the current accounting node to execute accounting operation. The invention is suitable for accounting of the block chain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of internet, in particular to a block chain accounting method and device.
Background
The block chain Technology (BT) is a decentralized distributed storage Technology, and is widely used in the financial field because of its advantages such as decentralized, transparent transaction process, non-falsification of information, traceability, etc. In the operation process of the block chain, a consensus mechanism is required to be maintained by each node in the block chain, so that each node in the network can create a transaction under the block chain consensus mechanism, when a new transaction is created by a certain node, the node broadcasts a transaction application to the whole network, and then an accounting node is selected to process the transaction.
Currently, existing POS (Proof of stock) and DPOS (freed Proof of commission) both require tokens as support to achieve a block chain consensus mechanism for public chain items, and for private chain items without tokens, a similar efficient consensus mechanism cannot be sustained, and a block chain is easily operated by malicious nodes and attackers, so that block chain accounting applications have limitations.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a block chain accounting method and device, and mainly aims to implement an efficient consensus mechanism in a token-free block chain system, improve the security of the bottom layer of the block chain system, and further improve the application universality of the block chain system.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a block chain accounting method, including:
creating a billing node set, wherein the billing node is a node with a billing authority in the block chain;
when a transaction request is received, verifying each accounting node according to a first random number, wherein the first random number is generated and sent by each accounting node randomly;
if the verification is passed, extracting a current accounting node from the accounting node set, wherein the current accounting node is used for writing the data of the transaction into the block chain;
and triggering the current accounting node to execute accounting operation.
Optionally, after creating the accounting node set, the method further includes:
configuring accounting weights respectively corresponding to the accounting nodes, wherein the accounting weights are used for identifying the accounting authority degrees of the accounting nodes;
and sequentially extracting the accounting nodes from the accounting node set to obtain accounting node subsets corresponding to the accounting nodes respectively, wherein the accounting node subsets comprise all the accounting nodes except the accounting nodes.
Optionally, the verifying the respective accounting nodes according to the first random number includes:
acquiring a first random number and a hash value corresponding to each accounting node, wherein the hash value is obtained by performing hash operation on each accounting node according to the first random number;
respectively sending the hash values to the rest accounting nodes in the accounting node subset;
and respectively sending the first random number to the rest accounting nodes in the accounting node subset, so that the accounting nodes perform mutual authentication according to the random number and the hash value.
Optionally, the method further includes:
when receiving verification passing response information sent by each accounting node, determining that the verification passes;
if verification failure information sent by any one of the accounting nodes is received, acquiring an abnormal accounting node, wherein the abnormal accounting node is a node of which the random number is not matched with the hash value;
and deleting the abnormal accounting node from the accounting node set.
Optionally, if the verification is passed, extracting the current billing node from the billing node set includes:
calling a preset algorithm to generate second random numbers according to the first random numbers respectively corresponding to the accounting nodes;
and determining the current accounting node according to a preset random number range corresponding to the second random number.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an accounting device for a blockchain, including:
the creating unit is used for creating a billing node set, and the billing node is a node with a billing authority in the block chain;
the verification unit is used for verifying each accounting node according to a first random number when a transaction request is received, wherein the first random number is generated and sent by each accounting node randomly;
an extracting unit, configured to extract a current accounting node from the accounting node set if the verification is passed, where the current accounting node is used to write the data of the transaction into the block chain;
and the accounting unit is used for triggering the current accounting node to execute accounting operation.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: a configuration unit for configuring the configuration unit,
the configuration unit is configured to configure accounting weights corresponding to the accounting nodes, and the accounting weights are used to identify accounting authority degrees of the accounting nodes;
the extracting unit is further configured to sequentially extract the billing nodes from the billing node set to obtain billing node subsets corresponding to the billing nodes, where the billing node subsets include all the billing nodes except the billing node.
Optionally, the verification unit includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a first random number and a hash value which correspond to each accounting node respectively, wherein the hash value is obtained by performing hash operation on each accounting node according to the first random number;
a first sending module, configured to send the hash values to the remaining accounting nodes in the accounting node subset, respectively;
and the second sending module is used for respectively sending the first random number to the rest accounting nodes in the accounting node subset so that the accounting nodes perform mutual verification according to the random number and the hash value.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: a determining unit and a deleting unit,
the determining unit is used for determining that the verification is passed when receiving verification passing response information sent by each accounting node;
the acquiring unit is further configured to acquire an abnormal accounting node if verification failure information sent by any one of the accounting nodes is received, where the abnormal accounting node is a node where the random number does not match the hash value;
and the deleting unit is used for deleting the abnormal accounting node from the accounting node set.
Optionally, the extracting unit includes:
the generation module is used for calling a preset algorithm to generate second random numbers according to the first random numbers respectively corresponding to the accounting nodes;
and the determining module is used for determining the current accounting node according to a preset random number range corresponding to the second random number.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage medium including a stored program, wherein when the program runs, a device on which the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the above accounting method for block chains.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a processor for executing a program is provided, where the program executes to perform the above accounting method for block chains.
By means of the technical scheme, the bookkeeping method and device of the block chain, provided by the invention, solve the problems that in the prior art, an efficient consensus mechanism cannot be maintained in the block chain without tokens, and the bookkeeping application of a token-free block chain system is limited due to the fact that the prior art is easily attacked by malicious nodes, maliciously controlled and the like, the invention ensures that the efficient consensus mechanism is maintained in the token-free block chain system by creating a bookkeeping node set in advance and storing all bookkeeping nodes, when a transaction application of whole-network broadcasting is received, each bookkeeping node is triggered to generate a random number and verify the random number, when the verification is passed, the current bookkeeping node for performing bookkeeping operation on the round of transaction is extracted from the bookkeeping node set, and the node is triggered to perform bookkeeping operation, so compared with the prior art, when the token-free block chain system is bookkept, by configuring a plurality of accounting nodes, the block chain system can maintain an efficient consensus mechanism, and one accounting node is extracted as an accounting operation executor of the transaction after each accounting node is verified, so that malicious nodes and malicious operations can be avoided, the accounting operation in the token-free block chain system is realized, and the comprehensiveness of the token-free block chain accounting application is improved; in addition, according to the method, when the verification of each accounting node fails, the abnormal accounting node is extracted and deleted from the accounting node set, and the verification operation is performed again until all the verification passes, so that the safe accounting operation can be executed under the condition that the consensus mechanism of each accounting node is maintained, and the block chain accounting accuracy is improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a block chain accounting method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of another block chain accounting method provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an accounting apparatus of a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of another block chain accounting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
In order to improve the universality of block chain accounting application, an embodiment of the present invention provides a block chain accounting method, as shown in fig. 1, the method including:
101. a set of accounting nodes is created.
Wherein the accounting node is a node with accounting authority in the block chain. The accounting authority may be an authority to write data into the blockchain, and the accounting node may be specified by a party initiating a transaction in the blockchain, or may be obtained by voting through a participating node included in the blockchain, such as a common full node, a client single node, and the like, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
102. And when the transaction request is received, verifying each accounting node according to the first random number.
Wherein the first random number is randomly generated and transmitted by each accounting node. The transaction request may be generated by a transaction initiator in a process of creating a transaction, and the transaction request may also carry address information of the transaction initiator, address information of a transaction receiver, transaction time information, and the like. Specifically, in this step, a random number may be generated for each accounting node, and a hash value is obtained by performing hash operation on the random number, and each two accounting nodes exchange the hash value respectively, and then exchange a random value corresponding to the hash value sent by each accounting node, and the verification of each accounting node in this step is implemented by comparing the hash value sent by each node with the random value, but is not limited thereto.
It should be noted that, for the implementation subject of the embodiment of the present invention, the implementation subject may be a device configured in the blockchain system for blockchain accounting, and when the device receives a transaction request broadcast in the whole network, it indicates that it is necessary to determine that a consensus mechanism is formed between the account nodes at this time to implement blockchain accounting, so that verification of each account node is triggered at this time, and thus accounting of the token-free blockchain system is implemented.
For the embodiment of the invention, by verifying each accounting node in the step, whether a malicious node exists in the accounting node and whether malicious operation on the accounting node exists can be judged according to the verification result, namely, when the verification passes, the nodes in the accounting node set at the moment can be determined to cooperatively operate under an efficient consensus mechanism, and when the verification fails, the nodes in the accounting node set at the moment can be determined to have at least one malicious operation, so that the verification in the step can realize that the transaction is carried out again under the condition that all the accounting nodes are determined to be safe, the safety performance of the bottom layer of the block chain system is ensured, and the safety of the block chain accounting is improved.
103. And if the verification is passed, extracting the current accounting node from the accounting node set.
Wherein the current accounting node is configured to write data of the transaction to the blockchain. Similarly, in this step, the current accounting node may be designated by the transaction initiator, or may be selected according to a preset rule, for example, according to an accounting authority selection mode, a random extraction mode, or the like.
It should be noted that the accounting nodes extracted in this step are only used for writing data into the blockchain in the current round of transaction, and when the blockchain system receives the transaction request again, the operations of verifying each accounting node, extracting the current accounting node, and the like are performed again in the same manner.
104. And triggering the current accounting node to execute accounting operation.
Specifically, the specific implementation manner in this step may be to call a preset function or a preset interface or the like to trigger the current accounting node according to the identification information of the current accounting node determined in the above step, so as to complete the accounting operation of the current round of transaction, or may be a manner of counting blocks by block links in the prior art, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
The accounting method of the block chain provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that for the problem that the prior art cannot maintain an efficient consensus mechanism in the block chain without a token and is easy to be attacked by malicious nodes and maliciously controlled, so that the accounting application of the token-free block chain system is limited, the invention ensures that the efficient consensus mechanism is maintained in the token-free block chain system by creating an accounting node set in advance and storing all accounting nodes, when a transaction application of whole network broadcasting is received, each accounting node is triggered to generate a random number and verify the random number, when the verification is passed, the current accounting node for executing accounting operation on the round of transaction is extracted from the accounting node set, and the node is triggered to execute the accounting operation, so compared with the prior art, when the token-free block chain system is executed, the invention can maintain the efficient consensus mechanism by configuring a plurality of accounting nodes, and after each accounting node is verified, one accounting node is extracted to serve as an accounting operation executor of the current round of transaction, so that malicious nodes and malicious operations can be avoided, the accounting operation in the token-free block chain system is realized, and the comprehensiveness of the token-free block chain accounting application is improved.
Further, as a refinement and an extension of the embodiment shown in fig. 1, another block chain accounting method is provided in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2.
201. A set of accounting nodes is created.
Wherein the accounting node is a node with accounting authority in the block chain. The concept explanation of the billing authority and the billing node, and the specific implementation of this step, may refer to the corresponding description in step 101, and are not described herein again.
202. And configuring accounting weights respectively corresponding to the accounting nodes.
The billing weight is used for identifying the billing authority degree of each billing node, and for example, the billing weight of a configured billing node is 25%, 1/3, and the like. Specifically, in this step, the accounting weight of each accounting node may be determined by negotiation between each accounting node, may be set for a transaction initiator, and may also be selected for all participating nodes, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
That is, for this step, as the accounting weight of the accounting node is greater, the data processing capability of the accounting node can be identified to be greater, so that there is a greater possibility that block accounting can occur when the blockchain system receives the transaction. Therefore, the corresponding accounting weight is configured for each accounting node, so that an efficient consensus mechanism is maintained among the subsequent accounting nodes, and a block accounting can be finally determined from a plurality of accounting nodes without carrying out measurement and adjustment on the amount of the token, so that the efficient and accurate operation of the token-free block chain accounting is ensured.
203. And sequentially extracting each accounting node from the accounting node set.
Further, a sub-set of the accounting nodes corresponding to the accounting nodes is obtained, and the sub-set of the accounting nodes includes all the accounting nodes except the accounting nodes. For example, the set of accounting nodes created in the above steps is { accounting node 1; accounting node 2; a billing node 3; accounting node 4, sequentially extracting four nodes in the accounting node set in this step, and further obtaining subsets corresponding to the four nodes respectively, where the four subsets are: subset corresponding to accounting node 1 { accounting node 2; a billing node 3; accounting node 4 }; subset corresponding to accounting node 2 { accounting node 1; a billing node 3; accounting node 4 }; subset corresponding to accounting node 3 { accounting node 1; accounting node 2; accounting node 4 }; subset corresponding to accounting node 4 { accounting node 1; accounting node 2; accounting node 3 }.
Furthermore, in order to ensure the corresponding relationship between each accounting node and the corresponding subset, each subset may be identified by an identifier, and the identifier may be identification information of each accounting node, a preset identifier that is set in advance and stored in a unified manner, or the like. For the embodiment of the invention, the accounting nodes are sequentially extracted through the step, and the rest other nodes form the subset, so that the subsequent verification is performed through the nodes and the subset, and the problem of verification errors caused by the fact that a large number of accounting nodes perform unordered data interactive verification is avoided, so that the verification accuracy among the accounting nodes is improved, and the block chain accounting accuracy is further improved.
204. And when the transaction request is received, verifying each accounting node according to the first random number.
Wherein, the first random number is randomly generated and sent by each accounting node, and the concept explanation of the transaction request may refer to the corresponding description in step 102, which is not described herein again.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring a first random number and a hash value corresponding to each accounting node, wherein the hash value is obtained by performing hash operation on each accounting node according to the first random number; respectively sending the hash values to the rest accounting nodes in the accounting node subset; and respectively sending the first random number to the rest accounting nodes in the accounting node subset, so that the accounting nodes perform mutual authentication according to the random number and the hash value.
That is to say, in this step, a random number r is generated for each accounting node P, and a hash value hash (r) is obtained by performing hash operation on the random data, then the hash (r) is first sent, so that all the other nodes in the subset corresponding to the accounting node P receive and store the hash value, and then the random number is sent, so that all the other nodes in the subset perform hash operation according to the random data received later and compare with the hash value received earlier, thereby realizing mutual authentication between the accounting nodes.
For example, if there are 3 accounting nodes stored in the accounting node set corresponding to a certain blockchain system, which are respectively accounting node a, accounting node B, and accounting node C, three subsets are generated, and each subset is configured with an identifier corresponding to each accounting node, that is, the obtained subset combination corresponding to accounting node a is: a { accounting node B, accounting node C }, the subset combination corresponding to accounting node B is: b { accounting node A, accounting node C }, the subset combination corresponding to accounting node C is: c { accounting node A, accounting node B }. When receiving a task request, taking accounting node A as an example, a random number r is generated firstaAnd carrying out hash operation on the random numerical value to obtain a hash value hash (r)a) And sending the hash value, and sending the hash value to the node in the subset A { accounting node B, accounting node C } corresponding to the accounting node A after the server receives the hash value, namely, sending the hash value to hash (r)a) Respectively sent to accounting node B and accounting node C, which are coupled to hash value hash (r)a) The random value r generated by the accounting node A is stored and then is used by the accounting node AaThe same is transmitted to the accounting node B and the accounting node C, and the two nodes receive the random value r transmitted by the accounting node AaThereafter, the hash value is computed and compared with the received hash (r)a) And comparing to realize the verification of the accounting node A.
For the embodiment of the invention, the accounting nodes are triggered to sequentially send the hash value and the random number, so that mutual verification can be carried out among the accounting nodes, whether malicious nodes exist in the accounting node set or whether the nodes are controlled maliciously is judged according to the verification result, the safety performance of the block chain system is improved, and the safety of block chain accounting application is further improved.
205a, when receiving the verification passing response information sent by each accounting node, determining that the verification passes.
Specifically, this step may be preset to feed back the verification result after each accounting node receives and verifies the random number sent by the other nodes, for example, when verification of all other nodes is completed and the hash value sent by each accounting node matches the random number, verification passing response information is sent, and when an accounting node in which any hash value does not match the random number is found in the verification process, verification failure response information is sent immediately, but the specific embodiment is not limited thereto.
For the embodiment of the invention, the response information is sent after the verification of each accounting node is completed, so that the server can take further measures according to the response information of all the nodes, and only when all the nodes respond to the verification, the verification is determined to be passed, namely all the accounting nodes are safe accounting nodes, thereby ensuring the running safety of the block chain system and further improving the accounting safety of the block chain.
206a, extracting the current accounting node from the accounting node set.
Wherein the current accounting node is configured to write data of the transaction to the blockchain.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: calling a preset algorithm to generate second random numbers according to the first random numbers respectively corresponding to the accounting nodes; and determining the current accounting node according to a preset random number range corresponding to the second random number. The preset algorithm may be a random number algorithm, but is not limited thereto. Specifically, in this step, a value range corresponding to each accounting node may be preset, for example, the preset range corresponding to the accounting node 1 is X1～X2If the random number generated by each accounting node is taken as a seed, the current random number A generated by calling a random number algorithm belongs to a preset range X1～X2Accounting node 1 is determined to be the current accounting node.
207a, triggering the current accounting node to execute accounting operation.
Specifically, the corresponding concept explanations and embodiments in this step may refer to the corresponding descriptions in step 104, which are not repeated herein.
Wherein the abnormal accounting node is a node where the random number does not match the hash value. Specifically, it may be set in each accounting node, and when it is detected that the hash values of the remaining accounting nodes are not matched with the random data, the alarm information is output and the identification information of the unmatched nodes is output, so as to quickly and accurately determine the abnormal node, but is not limited thereto.
For the embodiment of the invention, mutual verification is carried out among all accounting nodes, and the abnormal node is immediately triggered and obtained when the malicious node exists, so that the problem of data writing errors caused by block chain accounting when the abnormal node is not monitored is avoided, and the accuracy of block chain data writing is ensured.
206b, deleting the abnormal accounting node from the accounting node set.
It should be noted that, when there is a node whose hash value sent for the first time does not match the random value sent for the second time, indicating that the node has malicious operation, the node should be immediately removed from the accounting node set, and new round of hash value and random value verification should be performed again until all accounting nodes pass verification, so as to ensure stable operation of the blockchain system.
Further, according to the method described in step 201-206b, an embodiment of the present invention may further provide an implementation manner of block chain accounting in combination with a specific application scenario, where the implementation process is divided into six execution steps, which are specifically described as follows:
firstly, when a block chain is established, electing all participating nodes to determine accounting nodes of the block chain, wherein the accounting nodes are { accounting node 1; accounting node 2; … …, respectively; accounting node 5) and accounting weights negotiated among the accounting nodes and allocated to the accounting nodes are respectively 20%.
Secondly, when a transaction request is received, each node respectively generates a random numerical value r corresponding to each node at the moment1～r5And respectively calculating hash values hash (r) corresponding to the random values1)～hash(r5)。
Thirdly, performing the first round of synchronous operation, namely the 5 nodes respectively send the calculated hash values to the other four accounting nodes, such as the accounting node 4 sends the hash (r)4) To accounting node 1, accounting node 2, accounting node 3 and accounting node 5.
The fourth step is then to carry out a second round of synchronous operation, that is, the 5 nodes respectively transmit the generated random values to the other four accounting nodes, like the accounting node 4, and transmit r4To accounting node 1, accounting node 2, accounting node 3 and accounting node 5.
Fifthly, each node respectively verifies according to the received hash values and the random numerical values of the other four accounting nodes, for example, the accounting node 3 sequentially receives the hash values (r) respectively sent by the other four accounting nodes1)、hash(r2)、hash(r4)、hash(r5) And a random number r1、r2、r4And r5Then, the accounting node 3 performs hash operation according to the random numerical values to obtain hash (r)1)′、hash(r2)′、hash(r4)′、hash(r5) ', and comparing to obtain hash (r)1)＝hash(r1)′、hash(r2)＝hash(r2)′、hash(r4)＝hash(r4)′、hash(r5)＝hash(r5)′。
Sixthly, all the five accounting nodes pass verification, and at the moment, the random values r of the 5 accounting nodes are obtained1～r5And calling a random function to generate a new random value R, detecting to obtain a range of the random value R as a second preset range, and triggering the accounting node 5 to perform block output to complete the block chain accounting task at the moment when the block output node corresponding to the second preset range is the accounting node 5.
However, it should be noted that the specific implementation described in the above application scenarios is only an example, and is not the only specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, and is only one of the optimized implementations of the method according to the present invention.
Further, as an implementation of the method shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a block chain accounting device, which is used to implement the method shown in fig. 1. The embodiment of the apparatus corresponds to the embodiment of the method, and for convenience of reading, details in the embodiment of the apparatus are not repeated one by one, but it should be clear that the apparatus in the embodiment can correspondingly implement all the contents in the embodiment of the method. As shown in fig. 3, the apparatus includes: a creation unit 31, a verification unit 32, an extraction unit 33, a billing unit 34, wherein
A creating unit 31, configured to create a set of accounting nodes, where the accounting nodes are nodes having accounting rights in the blockchain.
The verifying unit 32 may be configured to, when receiving the transaction request, verify each accounting node stored in the accounting node set created by the creating unit 31 according to a first random number, where the first random number is randomly generated and sent by each accounting node.
An extracting unit 33, configured to extract a current accounting node from the accounting node set if the verification is passed by the verifying unit 32, where the current accounting node is used to write the data of the transaction into the blockchain.
A billing unit 34, configured to trigger the current billing node extracted by the extracting unit 33 to perform a billing operation.
Further, as an implementation of the method shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides another block chain accounting device, which is used to implement the method shown in fig. 2. The embodiment of the apparatus corresponds to the embodiment of the method, and for convenience of reading, details in the embodiment of the apparatus are not repeated one by one, but it should be clear that the apparatus in the embodiment can correspondingly implement all the contents in the embodiment of the method. As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus includes: a creation unit 41, a verification unit 42, an extraction unit 43, a billing unit 44, wherein
A creating unit 41, configured to create a set of accounting nodes, where the accounting nodes are nodes having accounting rights in the blockchain.
The verifying unit 42 may be configured to, when receiving the transaction request, verify each accounting node stored in the accounting node set created by the creating unit 41 according to a first random number, where the first random number is randomly generated and sent by each accounting node.
An extracting unit 43, configured to extract a current accounting node from the accounting node set if the verification unit 42 verifies, where the current accounting node is used to write the data of the transaction into the blockchain.
A billing unit 44, configured to trigger the current billing node extracted by the extracting unit 43 to perform a billing operation.
Further, the extracting unit 43 may be further configured to sequentially extract the billing nodes from the billing node set to obtain billing node subsets corresponding to the billing nodes, where the billing node subsets include all the billing nodes except the billing node.
Further, the verification unit 42 includes:
the obtaining module 4201 may be configured to obtain a first random number and a hash value corresponding to each billing node, where the hash value is obtained by performing hash operation on each billing node according to the first random number.
A first sending module 4202 may be configured to send the hash values to the remaining accounting nodes in the subset of accounting nodes, respectively.
A second sending module 4203, configured to send the first random number to the remaining accounting nodes in the subset of accounting nodes, respectively, so that the accounting nodes perform mutual authentication according to the random number and the hash value.
Further, the apparatus further comprises:
the determining unit 45 may be configured to determine that the verification is passed when receiving the verification-passed response information sent by the respective accounting nodes.
Further, the extraction unit 43 includes:
the generating module 4301 may be configured to invoke a preset algorithm to generate second random numbers according to the first random numbers respectively corresponding to the respective accounting nodes.
The determining module 4302 may be configured to determine the current accounting node according to a preset random number range corresponding to the second random number.
Further, the apparatus further comprises: an acquisition unit 46 and a deletion unit 47.
The obtaining unit 46 may be configured to obtain an abnormal accounting node if verification failure information sent by any one of the accounting nodes is received.
The deleting unit 47 may be configured to delete the abnormal accounting node from the accounting node set.
The embodiment of the invention provides another accounting device for a block chain. The device comprises: the system comprises a creating unit, a verifying unit, an extracting unit and a billing unit. For the problem that the prior art cannot maintain an efficient consensus mechanism in a block chain without tokens, is easy to be attacked by malicious nodes and maliciously controlled and the like, and causes limitation of the accounting application of a token-free block chain system, the invention ensures that the efficient consensus mechanism is maintained in the token-free block chain system by pre-creating an accounting node set and storing all the accounting nodes, triggers each accounting node to generate a random number and verify the random number when a transaction application of a whole network broadcast is received, extracts the current accounting node for executing accounting operation on the round of transaction from the accounting node set and triggers the node to execute the accounting operation when the verification is passed, so compared with the prior art, the invention can ensure that the block chain system maintains the efficient consensus mechanism by configuring a plurality of accounting nodes when the token-free block chain system is accounted, after each accounting node is verified, one accounting node is extracted to serve as an accounting operation executor of the current round of transaction, so that malicious nodes and malicious operations can be avoided, accounting operation in the token-free block chain system is realized, and the comprehensiveness of token-free block chain accounting application is improved; in addition, according to the method, when the verification of each accounting node fails, the abnormal accounting node is extracted and deleted from the accounting node set, and the verification operation is performed again until all the verification passes, so that the safe accounting operation can be executed under the condition that the consensus mechanism of each accounting node is maintained, and the block chain accounting accuracy is improved.
The text processing apparatus comprises a processor and a memory, the creating unit 31, the verifying unit 32, the extracting unit 33, the accounting unit 34, etc. are stored in the memory as program units, and the program units stored in the memory are executed by the processor to realize the corresponding functions.
The processor comprises a kernel, and the kernel calls the corresponding program unit from the memory. The kernel can be set to be one or more, and the universality of the block chain accounting application is improved by adjusting the kernel parameters.
The memory may include volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM), and the memory includes at least one memory chip.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium on which a program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the accounting method for the blockchain.
The embodiment of the invention provides a processor, which is used for running a program, wherein the program runs to execute the accounting method of the block chain.
The embodiment of the invention provides equipment, which comprises a processor, a memory and a program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program and realizes the following steps: creating a billing node set, wherein the billing node is a node with a billing authority in the block chain; when a transaction request is received, verifying each accounting node according to a first random number, wherein the first random number is generated and sent by each accounting node randomly; if the verification is passed, extracting a current accounting node from the accounting node set, wherein the current accounting node is used for writing the data of the transaction into the block chain; and triggering the current accounting node to execute accounting operation.
Further, after creating the accounting node set, the method further includes:
configuring accounting weights respectively corresponding to the accounting nodes, wherein the accounting weights are used for identifying the accounting authority degrees of the accounting nodes;
and sequentially extracting the accounting nodes from the accounting node set to obtain accounting node subsets corresponding to the accounting nodes respectively, wherein the accounting node subsets comprise all the accounting nodes except the accounting nodes.
Further, the verifying the respective accounting nodes according to the first random number includes:
acquiring a first random number and a hash value corresponding to each accounting node, wherein the hash value is obtained by performing hash operation on each accounting node according to the first random number;
respectively sending the hash values to the rest accounting nodes in the accounting node subset;
and respectively sending the first random number to the rest accounting nodes in the accounting node subset, so that the accounting nodes perform mutual authentication according to the random number and the hash value.
Further, the method further comprises:
when receiving verification passing response information sent by each accounting node, determining that the verification passes;
if verification failure information sent by any one of the accounting nodes is received, acquiring an abnormal accounting node, wherein the abnormal accounting node is a node of which the random number is not matched with the hash value;
and deleting the abnormal accounting node from the accounting node set.
Further, if the verification is passed, extracting the current accounting node from the accounting node set includes:
calling a preset algorithm to generate second random numbers according to the first random numbers respectively corresponding to the accounting nodes;
and determining the current accounting node according to a preset random number range corresponding to the second random number.
The device in the embodiment of the invention can be a server, a PC, a PAD, a mobile phone and the like.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing apparatus, is adapted to execute a program that initializes the following method steps: creating a billing node set, wherein the billing node is a node with a billing authority in the block chain; when a transaction request is received, verifying each accounting node according to a first random number, wherein the first random number is generated and sent by each accounting node randomly; if the verification is passed, extracting a current accounting node from the accounting node set, wherein the current accounting node is used for writing the data of the transaction into the block chain; and triggering the current accounting node to execute accounting operation.
Further, after creating the accounting node set, the method further includes:
configuring accounting weights respectively corresponding to the accounting nodes, wherein the accounting weights are used for identifying the accounting authority degrees of the accounting nodes;
and sequentially extracting the accounting nodes from the accounting node set to obtain accounting node subsets corresponding to the accounting nodes respectively, wherein the accounting node subsets comprise all the accounting nodes except the accounting nodes.
Further, the verifying the respective accounting nodes according to the first random number includes:
acquiring a first random number and a hash value corresponding to each accounting node, wherein the hash value is obtained by performing hash operation on each accounting node according to the first random number;
respectively sending the hash values to the rest accounting nodes in the accounting node subset;
and respectively sending the first random number to the rest accounting nodes in the accounting node subset, so that the accounting nodes perform mutual authentication according to the random number and the hash value.
Further, the method further comprises:
when receiving verification passing response information sent by each accounting node, determining that the verification passes;
if verification failure information sent by any one of the accounting nodes is received, acquiring an abnormal accounting node, wherein the abnormal accounting node is a node of which the random number is not matched with the hash value;
and deleting the abnormal accounting node from the accounting node set.
Further, if the verification is passed, extracting the current accounting node from the accounting node set includes:
calling a preset algorithm to generate second random numbers according to the first random numbers respectively corresponding to the accounting nodes;
and determining the current accounting node according to a preset random number range corresponding to the second random number.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of the storage medium of the computer include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM)
(DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium, which can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. The use of the phrase "including an" as used herein does not exclude the presence of other, identical elements, components, methods, articles, or apparatus that may include the same, unless expressly stated otherwise.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. A method for accounting blockchains, the method comprising:
creating a billing node set, wherein the billing node is a node with a billing authority in the block chain;
when a transaction request is received, verifying each accounting node according to a first random number, wherein the first random number is generated and sent by each accounting node randomly, and the method comprises the following steps: carrying out hash operation on the first random number to obtain a hash value, and obtaining the first random number and the hash value corresponding to each accounting node; optionally selecting two accounting nodes, interchanging corresponding hash values, and interchanging first random numbers corresponding to the hash values sent by the accounting nodes; verifying each accounting node by comparing the hash value sent by each accounting node with the first random number;
if the verification is passed, extracting a current accounting node from the accounting node set, wherein the current accounting node is used for writing the data of the transaction into the block chain;
and triggering the current accounting node to execute accounting operation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after creating the set of billing nodes, the method further comprises:
configuring accounting weights respectively corresponding to the accounting nodes, wherein the accounting weights are used for identifying the accounting authority degrees of the accounting nodes;
and sequentially extracting the accounting nodes from the accounting node set to obtain accounting node subsets corresponding to the accounting nodes respectively, wherein the accounting node subsets comprise all the accounting nodes except the accounting nodes.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein said authenticating the respective accounting node according to the first random number comprises:
acquiring a first random number and a hash value corresponding to each accounting node, wherein the hash value is obtained by performing hash operation on each accounting node according to the first random number;
respectively sending the hash values to the rest accounting nodes in the accounting node subset;
and respectively sending the first random number to the rest accounting nodes in the accounting node subset, so that the accounting nodes perform mutual authentication according to the random number and the hash value.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
when receiving verification passing response information sent by each accounting node, determining that the verification passes;
if verification failure information sent by any one of the accounting nodes is received, acquiring an abnormal accounting node, wherein the abnormal accounting node is a node of which the random number is not matched with the hash value;
and deleting the abnormal accounting node from the accounting node set.
5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein said extracting a current billing node from said set of billing nodes if said verification is successful comprises:
calling a preset algorithm to generate second random numbers according to the first random numbers respectively corresponding to the accounting nodes;
and determining the current accounting node according to a preset random number range corresponding to the second random number.
6. An apparatus for accounting for a blockchain, the apparatus comprising:
the creating unit is used for creating a billing node set, and the billing node is a node with a billing authority in the block chain;
the verification unit is configured to verify each accounting node according to a first random number when a transaction request is received, where the first random number is randomly generated and sent by each accounting node, and includes: carrying out hash operation on the first random number to obtain a hash value, and obtaining the first random number and the hash value corresponding to each accounting node; optionally selecting two accounting nodes, interchanging the hash values, and interchanging first random numbers corresponding to the hash values sent by the accounting nodes; verifying each accounting node by comparing the hash value sent by each accounting node with the first random number;
an extracting unit, configured to extract a current accounting node from the accounting node set if the verification is passed, where the current accounting node is used to write the data of the transaction into the block chain;
and the accounting unit is used for triggering the current accounting node to execute accounting operation.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising: a configuration unit for configuring the configuration unit,
the configuration unit is configured to configure accounting weights corresponding to the accounting nodes, and the accounting weights are used to identify accounting authority degrees of the accounting nodes;
the extracting unit is further configured to sequentially extract the billing nodes from the billing node set to obtain billing node subsets corresponding to the billing nodes, where the billing node subsets include all the billing nodes except the billing node.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the authentication unit comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a first random number and a hash value which correspond to each accounting node respectively, wherein the hash value is obtained by performing hash operation on each accounting node according to the first random number;
a first sending module, configured to send the hash values to the remaining accounting nodes in the accounting node subset, respectively;
and the second sending module is used for respectively sending the first random number to the rest accounting nodes in the accounting node subset so that the accounting nodes perform mutual verification according to the random number and the hash value.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising: a determining unit and a deleting unit,
the determining unit is used for determining that the verification is passed when receiving verification passing response information sent by each accounting node;
the acquiring unit is further configured to acquire an abnormal accounting node if verification failure information sent by any one of the accounting nodes is received, where the abnormal accounting node is a node where the random number does not match the hash value;
and the deleting unit is used for deleting the abnormal accounting node from the accounting node set.
10. The apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the extraction unit comprises:
the generation module is used for calling a preset algorithm to generate second random numbers according to the first random numbers respectively corresponding to the accounting nodes;
and the determining module is used for determining the current accounting node according to a preset random number range corresponding to the second random number.
11. A storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein the program, when executed, controls a device on which the storage medium is located to perform a block chain accounting method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
12. A processor for running a program, wherein the program when running performs the accounting method for a blockchain of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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