CN108152223A - A kind of multiple dimensioned plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things field automatic observing system - Google Patents
A kind of multiple dimensioned plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things field automatic observing system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of multiple dimensioned plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things field automatic observing system of the present invention, including：The multiple dimensioned growth rhythm observation module in field, data acquisition and long range radio transmissions module, field solar energy power supply and Holder Fasteners, data receiving terminal；The multiple dimensioned growth rhythm observation module in field is divided into 5 different submodules, is forest, meadow, desert, wetland, farmland submodule；Data acquire and long range radio transmissions module, include CR6 data collectors, multiple 3G/4G wireless transport modules and the multiple network adapter of multiple storage SD cards containing image；Field solar energy is powered and Holder Fasteners module includes：Solar panels and accumulator, field Holder Fasteners；Data receiving terminal is the calculating unit that can be surfed the Internet.Quick, accurately and real-time system acquisition, transmission and the storage to multi-site plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things multi-source information can be achieved in the present invention, improves efficiency and automatization level, better meets ecological and research of agricultural science needs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multiple dimensioned plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things field automatic observing system more particularly to one kind for typical case
The multiple dimensioned plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things field automatic observing system of the ecosystem (forest, meadow, desert, wetland, farmland) belongs to ecology
The plants field monitoring studying technological domain such as or agronomy is related specifically to ecosystem monitoring, growth and development of plants and the whole world
The research fields such as variation.
Background technology
The observation of the plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things not only contributes to understand plant own growth rule and physiological change, it may also be used for research
Response and adaptation of the plant to external environment, to disclosing the response countermeasure of plant under biology basic law and whole world change background
It is respectively provided with important theory and practice meaning.At present, plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things observation in each ecosystem is also rested on artificial
Observation, Personnel Dependence is big, 1 year or observation for many years it is primary, observing frequency is low, and error is big, and can not trace, and far can not expire
Foot service ecology and the needs of research of agricultural science.By the development of digital imagery and technology of Internet of things, to plant growth
Rhythm and pace of moving things progress is automatic, real-time, high rate observation has become the important trend of current ecological study and the ecosystem is supervised for a long time
One of Automation New Technology means of probing rope.Although existing individual case utilizes digital camera to bion both at home and abroad at present
Phenology carries out automatic Observation, but to phytobiocoenose different levels, multiple growth rhythm parameters of different scale synchronize networking
Automatic Observation is not yet.The multiple dimensioned field automatic observing system of the plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things that we establish is mainly from group's scale, sample
3 scales of square chi degree and individual scale carry out multiple crucial plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things indexs of Different ecosystems type long-term
Position automatic Observation：Forest ecosystem observation group aspect, vegetation index, sociales arbor sample strain the radial growth rhythm and pace of moving things and
The main phenological period；Grassland ecosystems observation group aspect, cover degree, sociales draft crucial phenological period and height；Desert ecology
Systematic observation group aspect, cover degree, sociales bushy plant height degree, hat width and crucial phenological period；Observation on Wetland Ecosystem group
Fall aspect, cover degree, sociales crucial phenological period and height；Farmland ecosystem observation crop community fertility management, plant spacing,
The key developmental stages and height of sample strain.Based on visible ray and multispectral imaging, by the automatic high frequency imaging acquisition in field and wirelessly
Transmission, is transferred to terminal by different zones different scale plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things data real time remote, realizes to multi-site
Quick, accurately and real-time system acquisition, transmission and the storage of plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things multi-source information promote the ecosystem and supervise for a long time
Measured data Up-to-date state, systematicness and applicability improve the ability of ecosystem monitoring service science research and Demand of Nation.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of multiple dimensioned plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things field automatic observing system, with mainly for
Phytobiocoenose, the sample prescription level in national different zones Ecosystem (forest, meadow, desert, wetland, farmland) are distributed in,
And the growth and development situation of 3 scale levels of the individual of sociales/crop carries out long-term tillage, automatic, high frequency acquisition, passes through
Technology of Internet of things, wireless remote are transferred to data terminal, so as to fulfill to the multiple dimensioned automatic Observation in plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things field.This
Invention can not only realize the multi-site plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things information automatic remote wireless high-frequency acquisition of field unattended and can
It alarms field work abnormal state, it can also be by related to the comparison of each station data, integration, analysis and characterization plant growth
Key parameter, and original image preserves so that dates back, responding to global change and its life to the research plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things
Object basic law has great theoretical and practical significance.
A kind of multiple dimensioned plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things field automatic observing system, mainly includes：The multiple dimensioned growth rhythm in field is seen
Survey module, data acquisition and long range radio transmissions module, field solar energy power supply and 4 Holder Fasteners, data receiving terminal portions
Point.
The multiple dimensioned growth rhythm observation module in field is divided into 5 different submodules according to ecosystem-type, is respectively
Forest, meadow, desert, wetland, farmland submodule；Wherein, meadow, desert, wetland sub-modular structure are identical.Forest ecosystem
Plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things observation submodule includes：Group's aspect and multi-optical spectrum imaging system, sample strain radial growth observation system, sample strain
Phenological period observation system.Meadow, desert, wetlands ecosystems plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things observation submodule include：Group's aspect and more
Spectrum imaging system, sample prescription cover degree/density observation system, sample strain phenological period observation system, height observation system.Agro-ecosystem
System plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things observation submodule includes：Crop groups breeding time dynamic and multi-optical spectrum imaging system, sample prescription density are observed
System, sample strain breeding time observation system and height observation system.Group's aspect and multi-optical spectrum imaging system by 14 channel (it is red,
It is green, blue and infrared) multispectral camera and 1 reference plate composition, wherein 500~900nm of multispectral camera spectral region.Sample strain diameter
It is made of to growth observation system multiple radial growth automatic recording instruments and wireless transmitter module.Height observation system is by high-precision
Digital network camera and altitude scale composition.
Data acquire and long range radio transmissions module mainly include it is multiple containing image storage SD cards CR6 data collectors,
Multiple 3G/4G wireless transport modules and multiple network adapter realize field image data timing acquiring, storage and radio remote
Journey forwards, while monitors battery capacity and equipment running status including 1 power management module, occurs abnormal adopting by data
Storage and wireless transport module send short message and mail he alarm.
Field solar energy is powered and Holder Fasteners module mainly includes：Solar panels and accumulator, field Holder Fasteners；This
Invention still further comprises：Lightning rod and earth lead and all appts equipment caisson are powered and are propped up with field solar energy
Support accessory module realizes that field solar energy power supply, instrument fixed point steady shot and field are taken shelter from the thunder the protection such as rain-proof jointly.
Data receiving terminal is the calculating unit that can be surfed the Internet.
A kind of multiple dimensioned plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things field automatic observing system of the present invention, advantage and effect are：Based on can
See light and multispectral imaging, acquire and be wirelessly transferred by the automatic high frequency imaging in field, from the group of different ecosystem-types
Aspect, the vegetation index of scale, cover degree, hat width, the density of sample size, to differences such as the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of individual scale, phenology, height
The multiple critical developmental rhythm and pace of moving things indexs of 3 scales of the ecosystem carry out long-term tillage automatic Observation, realize to multi-site plant growth
Quick, accurately and real-time system acquisition, transmission and the storage of rhythm and pace of moving things multi-source information.So that the observation of the plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things avoids
Artificial observation frequency is low, error is big, the immemorial shortcoming of data, but also the plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things is observed from individual scale expansion
To group, the multiple scale simultaneous observations of group, efficiency and automatization level are improved, better meets ecological and agriculture section
Learning research needs.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 show the Plants In The Forest Ecosystem growth rhythm observation single field inspection point schematic diagram of submodule.
Fig. 2 show meadow, desert, the wetlands ecosystems plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things observation the single field inspection point of submodule show
It is intended to.
Fig. 3 show the farmland ecosystem plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things observation single field inspection point schematic diagram of submodule.
Fig. 4 show a kind of multiple dimensioned plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things field automatic observing system block diagram.
Figure label is specific as follows：
1st, 4 channel multispectral cameras 2, reference plate 3, sample strain phenological period observation system
4th, sample strain phenological observation represents branch (focus point) 5, sample strain radial growth automatic recording instrument and wireless transmitter module
6th, data acquisition and long range radio transmissions module 7,3G/4G signal antennas
8th, solar panels 9, accumulator 10, lightning rod
11st, earth lead 12, steel tower or tower crane
13rd, sample prescription cover degree observation system 14, observation sample prescription
15th, sample plant height degree observation camera 16, altitude scale
17th, fixing bracket and pulling rope
18th, crop groups breeding time dynamic and multispectral observation system
19th, sample prescription density observation system 20, sample strain breeding time observation system
Specific embodiment
Under in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a kind of multiple dimensioned plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things field automatic observing system, mainly includes：Field is more
Scale growth rhythm observation module, data acquisition and long range radio transmissions module, field solar energy power supply and Holder Fasteners, data
Receive 4 parts of terminal；Field solar energy power supply attachment includes solar panels 8 and accumulator 9；Field Holder Fasteners include steel tower
Or tower crane 12, fixing bracket and pulling rope 17；
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, according to different ecosystem-types, the multiple dimensioned growth rhythm observation module in field is specifically wrapped
Include Plants In The Forest Ecosystem growth rhythm observation submodule；Meadow, desert, wetlands ecosystems plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things observation
Module；The farmland ecosystem plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things observes submodule；
Wherein, as shown in Figure 1, Plants In The Forest Ecosystem growth rhythm observation submodule includes：
One four-way (red, green, blue and infrared) multispectral camera 1 and a reference plate 2；Wherein multispectral camera spectrum
500~900nm of range；Multispectral camera is fixed on the stretching transverse arm of steel tower or tower crane 12, positioned at be observed group's canopy it
On, phytobiocoenose canopy general image is obtained obliquely, in order to reduce influence of the solar irradiation to imaging, selects observation of being exposed to the north,
Fixed point is in the 3 points of unlatchings of at 9 points in the morning and afternoon daily.
Reference plate 2, is fixed on steel tower or tower crane is crossed out on arm, and below multispectral camera, multispectral camera is clapped
Taking the photograph range needs blank as it can be seen that picture color is compared correction for the later stage.Power supply is by accumulator 9, and data are by having
Line connection is transferred to the data collector of data acquisition and long range radio transmissions module 6.
Sample strain phenological period observation system 3 is a high-precision digital network camera, and a little higher than sample strain phenology being observed is seen
Survey represents branch (focus point) 4, shoots obliquely, is fixed on the stretching transverse arm of steel tower or tower crane 12, and power supply is by accumulator
9, the data collector of data acquisition and long range radio transmissions module 6 is connected to by cable；
Radial growth automatic recording instrument and wireless transmitter module 5, radial growth automatic recording instrument are directly installed on measured
It on the trunk of trees, is installed at 1.3 meters of ground, by wireless transmitter module by data back to data acquisition and long-range nothing
The data collector of line transmission module 6；
Data acquire and long range radio transmissions module 6, main CR6 data collectors, the 3G/ for including the storage SD card containing image
4G wireless transport modules and network adapter realize field image data timing acquiring, storage and wireless remote forwarding, simultaneously
Battery capacity and equipment running status are monitored including 1 power management module, is occurred abnormal by data collector and wireless
Transmission module sends short message and mail he alarm.
3G/4G signal antennas 7, mounted on system highest point, for receiving signal；
Solar panels 8, mounted on system eminence, place that solar energy shines；It is connected with accumulator 9；
Accumulator 9, installation protective housing (not shown), are embedded in underground；
Lightning rod 10, mounted on system top；
Earth lead 11, connecting copper pipe is embedded in underground；
Wherein, as shown in Fig. 2, meadow, desert, the wetlands ecosystems plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things observation submodule, including：
One four-way (red, green, blue and infrared) multispectral camera 1 and a reference plate 2；Wherein multispectral camera spectrum
500~900nm of range；Connection mode is identical with Plants In The Forest Ecosystem growth rhythm observation submodule, and installation site is located at
On fixing bracket and pulling rope 17；
Sample prescription cover degree observation system 13 is a high-precision digital network camera, mounted on fixing bracket and pulling rope 17
On the transverse arm of stretching, the sample prescription 14 of shooting observation vertically downward；
Observe sample prescription 14, the square range that observation sample prescription is 1 meter × 1 meter；
Sample plant height degree observes camera 15, and on the tripod of fixing bracket and pulling rope 17, distance is observed plant
It is relatively near, it is height-adjustable, and be aligned and be observed plant and altitude scale 16；
Altitude scale 16, the upright ruler with apparent scale marker are embedded in and are observed near plant in soil, be kept upright
Sample strain phenological period observation system 3 is a high-precision digital network camera, and specific location is with connecting and forest ecology
System plants growth rhythm observation submodule is identical,
Data acquire and long range radio transmissions module 6, main CR6 data collectors, the 3G/ for including the storage SD card containing image
4G wireless transport modules and network adapter, image pass through wire transmission to CR6 data collectors, number from each observation instrument
Can be by included software set photo opporunity according to collector, data collector is stored in SD card, and passes through Network adaptation
Device connects 3G/4G wireless transport modules, and data collector is having signal by included software set transmission data mode and time
When pass through mobile or unicom transmission of network to data receiving terminal, realization field image data timing acquiring, storage and radio remote
Journey forwards, while monitors battery capacity and equipment running status including 1 power management module, occurs abnormal adopting by data
Storage and wireless transport module send short message and mail he alarm.
3G/4G signal antennas 7, solar panels 8, accumulator 9, lightning rod 10 and earth lead 11, specific location is with connecting
Mode is identical with Plants In The Forest Ecosystem growth rhythm observation submodule.
Field Holder Fasteners (fixing bracket and pulling rope 17) for three foot type supporting supports and stretch out multiple horizontal supports,
It is fixed respectively to three direction pulling ropes.
As shown in figure 3, the farmland ecosystem plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things observes submodule, including：
Crop groups breeding time dynamic and multispectral observation system 18 are a high-precision digital network camera and 4 channels
Multispectral camera, multispectral camera installation connection and meadow, desert, wetlands ecosystems plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things observation submodule one
It causes, digital network camera, for observing group's phenology, judges that more than 50% individual reaches same for the dynamic observation of population growth phase
Subject to one phenological period mark.
Reference plate 2, mounting means are identical with Plants In The Forest Ecosystem growth rhythm observation submodule；
Sample prescription density observation system 19 is a high-precision digital network camera, installation and connection mode and meadow, famine
Unconcerned, wetlands ecosystems plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things observation submodule sample prescription cover degree observation is identical, the difference is that this system is used to see
Survey plant number density feature；
Sample prescription 14 is observed, is the fixed region of length and width, area is determined with specific reference to crop tillage method；
Sample strain breeding time observation system 20 is a high-precision digital network camera, and Holder Fasteners are (fixed in the wild for installation
Stent and pulling rope 17) on, one plant of representative plant is focused on, it is fine to observe growth developmental characteristic picture, for electric solar energy, data
Wire transmission is acquired to data and the data collector of long range radio transmissions module 6；
Sample plant height degree observes camera 15, installs on the tripod of Holder Fasteners (fixing bracket and pulling rope 17) in the wild,
It is nearer that distance is observed plant, height-adjustable, and is aligned and is observed plant and altitude scale 16；
Altitude scale 16, the upright ruler with apparent scale marker are embedded in and are observed near plant in soil, keep straight
It is vertical；
Data acquire and long range radio transmissions module 6, main CR6 data collectors, the 3G/ for including the storage SD card containing image
4G wireless transport modules and network adapter realize field image data timing acquiring, storage and wireless remote forwarding, simultaneously
Battery capacity and equipment running status are monitored including 1 power management module, is occurred abnormal by data collector and wireless
Transmission module sends short message and mail he alarm.
3G/4G signal antennas 7, solar panels 8, accumulator 9, lightning rod 10 and earth lead 11, specific location is with connecting
Mode is identical with Plants In The Forest Ecosystem growth rhythm observation submodule.
Field Holder Fasteners (fixing bracket and pulling rope 17), with meadow, desert, the wetlands ecosystems plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things
It is consistent to observe submodule.
Specific application：In Chinese ecosystem research network (CERN) 35 land field, the station is unified lays, every
In a long-term sample ground of station website, it is on-line automatic to choose 4 most representative type of plant communities development plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things
Observation, to ensure representativeness of the observation data to station region.Above phytobiocoenose canopy, 1 multispectral phase is laid
Machine and 1 high resolution camera obtain that population measure is multispectral and visible images for timing to be automatic.Exist to draft/crop
In sample ground, the vertical cover image of 1 × 1m sample prescription levels is obtained.Forest/desert/wetland chooses 3~5 allusion quotations in individual level
1 high resolution camera is laid in type shrub sample strain respectively, for obtaining plant phenology dynamic image, meadow/farmland choosing automatically
Sociales plant is taken to obtain the microshot growth rhythm image of 2~3 repetitions, day-mark ruler.All image datas pass through 3G/4G
Biological branch center online data management platform is wirelessly transmitted to, and is transferred to respective station server in time, is realized to difference
The networking of the ecosystem (forest, meadow, desert, wetland, farmland) plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things, continuous, high frequency, automatic Observation and data
It is shared, improve ecosystem field long term monitoring project automatization level.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of multiple dimensioned plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things field automatic observing system, it is characterised in that：The system mainly includes：Field is more
Scale growth rhythm observation module, data acquisition and long range radio transmissions module, field solar energy power supply and Holder Fasteners, data
Receive 4 parts of terminal；
Field multiple dimensioned growth rhythm observation module is divided into 5 different submodules according to ecosystem-type, be respectively forest,
Meadow, desert, wetland, farmland submodule；Wherein, meadow, desert, wetland sub-modular structure are identical；
Plants In The Forest Ecosystem growth rhythm observation submodule includes：Group's aspect and multi-optical spectrum imaging system, sample strain are radially
Grow observation system, sample strain phenological period observation system；Meadow, desert, wetlands ecosystems plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things observation submodule
Including：Group's aspect and multi-optical spectrum imaging system, sample prescription cover degree/density observation system, sample strain phenological period observation system, height are seen
Examining system；Farmland ecosystem plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things observation submodule includes：Crop groups breeding time dynamic and multispectral imaging
System, sample prescription density observation system, sample strain breeding time observation system and height observation system；
Wherein, group's aspect and multi-optical spectrum imaging system are made of 14 channel multispectral camera and 1 reference plate, wherein mostly light
Compose 500~900nm of camera spectral region；
Wherein, sample strain radial growth observation system is made of multiple radial growth automatic recording instruments and wireless transmitter module；
Wherein, height observation system is made of high-precision digital network cameras and altitude scale；
Data acquire and long range radio transmissions module, mainly include the CR6 data collectors, multiple of multiple storage SD cards containing image
3G/4G wireless transport modules and multiple network adapter realize that field image data timing acquiring, storage and wireless remote turn
Hair, while monitor battery capacity and equipment running status including 1 power management module occurs abnormal passing through data collector
Short message and mail he alarm are sent with wireless transport module；
Field solar energy is powered and Holder Fasteners module mainly includes：Solar panels and accumulator, field Holder Fasteners；
Data receiving terminal is the calculating unit that can be surfed the Internet.
2. a kind of multiple dimensioned plant growth rhythm and pace of moving things field automatic observing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It should
System still further comprises：Lightning rod and earth lead and all appts equipment caisson are powered and are propped up with field solar energy
Support accessory module realize jointly field solar energy power supply, instrument fixed point steady shot and field take shelter from the thunder rain-proof protection.
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| CN112633047A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-04-09 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Visual stereo monitoring device and monitoring method for growth vigor of sedge |
| CN112698347A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-04-23 | 北京华益瑞科技有限公司 | Device, system and method for monitoring surface vegetation parameters |
| CN113311128A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-27 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第一地质大队（山东省第一地质矿产勘查院） | Wild leaching experimental method suitable for gobi desert area |
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