CN108128141B - Force transmission method of electric wheel and vehicle using same - Google Patents
Force transmission method of electric wheel and vehicle using same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108128141B CN108128141B CN201710749620.9A CN201710749620A CN108128141B CN 108128141 B CN108128141 B CN 108128141B CN 201710749620 A CN201710749620 A CN 201710749620A CN 108128141 B CN108128141 B CN 108128141B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hub
- rim
- motor
- end cover
- cylindrical portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
- B60B27/0047—Hubs characterised by functional integration of other elements
- B60B27/0052—Hubs characterised by functional integration of other elements the element being a brake disc
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/14—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing the motor of fluid or electric gearing being disposed in or adjacent to traction wheel
- B60K17/145—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing the motor of fluid or electric gearing being disposed in or adjacent to traction wheel the electric gearing being disposed in or adjacent to traction wheel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K2007/0038—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the wheel axle
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a force transmission method of an electric wheel and a vehicle using the method. The invention realizes reasonable transmission of ground load of the electric wheel tyre, motor power and mechanical braking force in the wheel hub, realizes independence of bearing and power transmission, reduces the volume and weight of the electric wheel, improves the transmission reliability, has high integration level and compact structure, and is particularly suitable for heavy special vehicles with large torque and heavy load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric drive of electric automobiles, and particularly relates to a force transmission method of an electric wheel and a vehicle using the method.
Background
The electric wheel technology is also called as the in-wheel motor technology, the motor is also called as a hub motor, and the motor has the greatest characteristic that a power device, a transmission device and a braking device are integrated into a hub, so that the mechanical part of the electric vehicle is greatly simplified, and compared with other driving forms, the electric wheel technology has the advantages of short transmission chain, high transmission efficiency, flexible arrangement and the like. The obvious advantages of electric vehicles employing electric wheel technology in terms of overall vehicle layout, dynamic performance and control have led to widespread academic and industrial concerns.
Aiming at electric automobiles, particularly large tonnage, the vehicle bearing and power requirements and the axial and radial space of a hub are strictly limited, the torque capacity of an outer rotor hub motor is limited, the unsprung mass is increased due to large weight, and the high-speed running performance of the vehicle is influenced. Patent CN103328247A proposes an in-wheel motor driving device, but the speed reducing mechanism used is not clear and the device is relatively large in axial size and volume. In order to realize a speed reducer with a large speed ratio, the prior art generally adopts a multi-stage planetary speed reduction technical scheme, the speed reducer occupies a large axial size, a hub brake is difficult to arrange, and the brake is arranged at the end of a motor shaft, so that the service life of the brake is reduced due to the requirement of high rotating speed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and the prior art, the invention provides an integrated inner rotor hub motor force transmission method with high integration level, good dynamic characteristics and high reliability and a vehicle using the method.
The invention realizes reasonable transmission and distribution of motor power, braking force of the hub brake, steering power, bearing capacity of the whole vehicle to the rim and acting force of the ground to the rim. The reliability of the transmission part is improved, the weight of the electric wheel is reduced, the transmission efficiency is improved, and the electric wheel is particularly suitable for heavy electric vehicles.
The motor power large-transformation-ratio speed reduction and torque increase is realized, a one-level large-transformation-ratio planetary speed reduction technology is adopted, the axial size of a component is greatly reduced, the reliability of a transmission component is improved, the weight of an electric wheel is reduced, and the transmission efficiency is improved.
The interface matching and the torque and rotating speed characteristic matching among the high-speed hub motor, the low-speed rim and the hub brake are solved.
The device has light weight, high integration level, compact structure and high transmission efficiency, and is particularly suitable for heavy vehicles with large torque and heavy load and driven by the electric wheel.
The scheme of the invention is as follows:
a force transmission method of an electric wheel, the electric wheel including a hub motor, a planetary reducer, a hub assembly, and a rim; the input of the planetary reducer is a sun gear, and the output of the planetary reducer is a planet carrier; the hub assembly includes a hub; the motor rotor shaft is connected with the sun gear; the outer side of the hub motor is connected with the hub assembly, the inner side of the hub motor is connected with a steering knuckle end cover, and the planetary reducer is positioned on the outer side of the hub assembly; the torque of the hub motor is transmitted to the sun wheel by the motor rotor shaft and then transmitted to the rim by the planet carrier, so that the transmission of the driving force and the electric braking force of the electric wheel is realized;
the force applied to the suspension by the whole vehicle is transmitted to the rim through the knuckle end cover, the hub motor shell, the motor shaft end cover flange and the hub assembly in sequence, so that the bearing capacity transmission of the electric wheel is realized;
the force of the ground acting on the rim is transmitted to the suspension through the rim, the hub assembly, the motor shaft end cover flange, the hub motor shell and the steering knuckle end cover in sequence.
Preferably, the hub assembly comprises: the inner cylindrical part is fixedly connected with a flange of the end cover of the motor shaft body; the inner cylindrical part and the motor shaft end cover flange are split parts or integrally formed parts; the outer cylindrical part is fixedly connected with the hub; the outer cylindrical part and the hub are separate parts or integrally formed parts; the inner cylindrical portion is located within the outer cylindrical portion, and the outer cylindrical portion is rotationally connected relative to the inner cylindrical portion.
Preferably, the force applied to the suspension by the whole vehicle sequentially passes through the suspension swing arm, the motor steering knuckle end cover, the hub motor shell and the motor shaft end cover flange, is transmitted to the inner cylindrical part and the outer cylindrical part to be shunted, then is converged to the hub, and finally is transmitted to the rim, so that the bearing capacity transmission of the electric wheel is realized.
Preferably, the force of the ground acting on the rim is transmitted to the inner cylindrical part and the outer cylindrical part through the wheel hub to be split, then is converged to the motor shaft end cover flange, and is transmitted to the suspension through the wheel hub motor shell, the motor steering knuckle end cover and the suspension swing arm in sequence.
Preferably, the motor rotor shaft is connected to the sun gear by a half shaft located within the hub assembly.
Preferably, two hub bearings are arranged between the inner cylindrical portion and the outer cylindrical portion; the centre line of the rim falls between the two hub bearings and the half shaft is located within the inner cylindrical portion.
Preferably, the planetary reducer further comprises a gear ring fixing frame, and the gear ring fixing frame is used for fixing a gear ring of the planetary reducer; one end of the gear ring fixing frame is fixedly connected with the gear ring, and the other end of the gear ring fixing frame is fixedly connected with the inner cylindrical part.
Preferably, the electric wheel further comprises a hub brake, and the hub brake is positioned in a space enclosed by the motor shaft body end cover flange, the hub and the wheel rim; the shell of the hub brake is fixedly connected with a flange of the end cover of the motor shaft body.
Preferably, a brake disc of the hub brake is fixedly connected with the hub; the braking torque generated by the hub brake is transmitted to the rim through the hub by the brake disc, so that the mechanical braking force transmission of the electric wheel is realized.
The invention also relates to a vehicle using the method as described above.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electric wheel according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an electric wheel according to the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly of the electric wheel of the present invention
FIG. 4 is an assembled sectional view of the electric wheel of the present invention
FIG. 5 is an assembled sectional view of the electric wheel of the present invention
FIG. 6 is an assembly view of the integrated knuckle end cap of the present invention
FIG. 7 is a finite element stress and strain diagram of an integrated knuckle end cap in accordance with the present invention
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the transmission path of each force of the electric wheel according to the present invention
Wherein 8(a) the transmission route of the driving force or the electric braking force of the hub motor; 8(b) a hub brake power transmission path; 8(c) transmission route of bearing force of electric wheel or acting force of ground on wheel rim
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the hub and rim of the present invention
FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the hub and rim structure of the present invention
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the hub structure of the present invention
In the figure:
1-rim, 101-outer rim, 102-inner rim, 103-rim bolt mounting flaring, 104-hub bolt mounting opening, 105-tire valve core position hole,
2-planetary reducer, 3-hub, 4-hub brake, 41-brake disk,
5-motor shaft body end cover flange, 51-motor shaft body end cover connecting bolt,
6-hub motor, 61-hub motor shell, 62-junction box, 63-wheel brake,
7-knuckle end cap, 71-upper knuckle, 72-lower knuckle, 8-suspension swing arm,
9-hub bearing, 10-hub motor rotor shaft,
21-sun gear, 22-planet carrier, 23-gear ring, 12-gear ring fixing frame,
13-inner cylinder, 14-outer cylinder, 15-steering arm.
Detailed Description
In the present invention, the inner and outer directions refer to the side closer to the center of the vehicle as the inner side and the side farther from the center of the vehicle as the outer side in the wheel axis direction, regardless of whether the electric wheels are on the left side or the right side of the vehicle as a whole.
The electric wheel of the present invention can be applied to various vehicles of an electric drive type, in a case where auxiliary power is given by electric power, such as four-wheel vehicles of a fuel cell vehicle or an electric vehicle. The method is particularly suitable for electric vehicles with large torque and heavy load. The present invention is not limited to two-wheeled vehicles, golf carts or three-or four-wheeled vehicles for the elderly or disabled, medium and heavy duty commercial vehicles in construction sites or transportation industries, tracked vehicles, and the like.
The electric wheel solution shown in fig. 1-5 consists of a hub motor 6, a planetary reducer 2, a hub assembly and a rim 1.
A vehicle tire is mounted on the rim 1.
The planetary reducer 2 is positioned outside the hub assembly; the outer side of the hub motor 6 is connected with the hub assembly through a motor shaft body end cover flange 5; the inner side of the hub motor 6 is connected with a steering knuckle end cover 7; the knuckle end cap 7 is connected to a suspension swing arm 8 of the vehicle suspension.
The planetary reducer 2 comprises a sun gear 21, a planet carrier 22, a gear ring 23 and a gear ring fixing frame 12, wherein the input of the planetary reducer 2 is the sun gear 21, and the output of the planetary reducer is the planet carrier 22; the planetary reducer 2 is connected between the motor rotor shaft 10 and the rim 1; the planetary reducer 2 adopts one-stage high-transformation-ratio speed reduction to realize torque and rotating speed matching between a high-speed motor and the low-speed rim 1, the sun wheel 21 is connected with the rotor shaft 10 of the hub motor, and the planet carrier 22 is fixedly connected with the rim 1 through bolts. The outer end of the gear ring fixing frame 12 is fixedly connected with the gear ring 23, the inner end of the gear ring fixing frame 12 is fixed with the inner cylindrical part 13, the inner cylindrical part 13 is fixedly connected with the motor shaft body end cover flange 5, and the gear ring 23 is fixed on the motor shaft body end cover flange 5 through the gear ring fixing frame 12, so that the gear ring is fixedly connected with the motor shell 61 relatively, and the axial and circumferential positioning of the gear ring 23 is realized. The gear of the ring gear 23 consists of a first gear which meshes with the planet gears and a second gear which meshes with the outer end of the ring gear fixed frame. The sun gear 21, the planet gear and the gear ring 23 in the planetary reducer 2 adopt helical gears, and the planet gear realizes automatic axial positioning and is in an axial floating state through gear meshing with the gear ring 23 and the sun gear so as to ensure good meshing state and bearing capacity of the reduction planetary reducer.
The electromagnetic torque of the hub motor 6 is reduced and increased through the planetary reducer 2, and then the power is transmitted to the rim 1, so that the wheel is driven or electrically braked. When in driving, the power transmission direction is the input of the sun gear 21, and the output of the planet carrier 22; the power transmission direction during electric braking is input to the carrier 22 and output from the sun gear 21.
The motor rotor shaft 10 is an output shaft of a hub motor, and the motor rotor shaft 10 is connected with a sun gear 21 of the planetary speed reducer 2 through a half shaft; the half shaft is respectively connected with an internal spline hole gear of the sun gear and the motor rotor shaft 10 through splines at two end parts.
The hub 3 is fixedly connected with the planet carrier 22 and the rim 1 of the planetary reducer 2.
More preferably, the electric wheel further comprises a hub brake 4, wherein the hub brake 4 is positioned in a space enclosed by the motor shaft body end cover flange 5, the hub 3 and the rim 1. The shell of the hub brake 4 is connected to the end cover flange of the hub motor shaft body, and the brake disc 41 of the hub brake 4 is fixedly connected with the hub 3. The hub brake is a high-torque low-rotation-speed brake, preferably a pneumatic full-disc brake, and the connection mode of fixedly connecting a brake disc 41 of the brake to the hub 3 is preferably a cylindrical pin on which the brake disc 41 can axially move.
Preferably, the hub 3 is fixedly connected with the planet carrier 22, the rim 1 and the brake disc 41 of the hub brake 4, and the hub 3 is preferably connected with the planet carrier 22, the rim 1 and the hub brake 4 at the same position through the same connecting piece.
The hub brake 4 consists of a brake shell, a brake disc 41, a friction plate and a brake pair action mechanism; the brake shell is fixedly connected with an end cover flange 5 of the motor shaft body through a group of bolts, is a fixed part and does not rotate; the brake disc 41 is connected with the hub 3 through a cylindrical pin or a spline and is a rotating piece; the friction plate is supported in the brake shell through a spline or a slide rail; when high-pressure hydraulic oil or gas flows through the oil cavity or the gas chamber, the high-pressure hydraulic oil or gas acts on the piston to generate axial thrust, so that the friction plate is pressed against the brake disc 41 to generate friction torque to prevent the hub 3 from rotating, and the braking function of the rim 1 is completed.
The hub assembly is connected between the rim 1 and the motor shaft end cap flange 5 and comprises a hub 3, an inner cylindrical portion 13, an outer cylindrical portion 14 and a hub bearing 9. The inner cylindrical part 13 is fixedly connected with the motor shaft body end cover flange 5, and the inner cylindrical part 13 and the motor shaft body end cover flange 5 can be split parts or can be integrally formed parts.
The transmission half shaft is positioned in the inner cylindrical part 13, and the sun gear is connected with a motor rotor shaft through the transmission half shaft positioned in the inner cylindrical part 13; the inner cylindrical portion 13 is located inside the outer cylindrical portion 14; the outer cylindrical portion 14 and the hub 3 are fixedly connected, and the outer cylindrical portion 14 and the hub 3 may be separate members or may be integrally molded members. The outer cylindrical part 14 is rotatably connected with the inner cylindrical part 13, a hub bearing 9 is arranged between the inner cylindrical part 13 and the outer cylindrical part 14, the hub bearing 9 adopts two conical roller bearings which are horizontally arranged, the central line of the rim 1 falls between the two conical roller bearings, and other bearings can be selected for other application requirements. The inner cylindrical portion 13 also supports the ring gear holder 12 of the planetary reduction gear 2.
The hub assembly is connected with the hub motor shell 61 through the motor shaft body end cover flange 5.
The hub motor 6 of the scheme is positioned in a space formed by surrounding a steering knuckle end cover 7, a motor shaft end cover flange 5 and a hub motor shell 61. The hub motor 6 is an inner rotor high-speed motor, based on the electromagnetism principle, when a designed current passes through a motor stator winding, the motor rotor and the stator generate an expected electromagnetic torque through the electromagnetic action, the motor rotor is driven to rotate, and the hub motor rotor shaft is driven to rotate to output power. The hub motor 6 comprises a motor stator, a motor rotor, a hub motor shell 61/a motor water jacket, a hub motor rotor shaft 10, a motor shaft body end cover flange 5 and a motor steering knuckle end cover 7, and electromagnetic torque generated by the hub motor 6 rotor is transmitted to a sun gear 21 of the planetary reducer 2 through the hub motor rotor shaft 10; the motor shaft body end cover flange 5 is supported on the hub 3 by two hub bearings 9, an inner cylindrical portion 13 and an outer cylindrical portion 14 which are opposed to each other, and supports a ring gear fixing frame 12 of the planetary gear 2 by the inner cylindrical portion 13. The motor housing 61 is located between the motor shaft end cover flange 5 and the motor knuckle end cover 7, the motor shaft end cover flange 5 and the motor knuckle end cover 7 are respectively and fixedly connected with the hub motor housing 61, the motor housing 61 integrates a motor cooling water path, and the motor housing is also called a motor water jacket in this case.
The motor knuckle end cap 7 is connected with the vehicle suspension, and as shown in fig. 6, the motor knuckle end cap, the upper knuckle, the lower knuckle and the wheel knuckle mounting interface are integrally integrated. The upper steering knuckle and the lower steering knuckle are distributed on the edge of the end cover of the motor, wherein the upper swing arm and the lower swing arm of the suspension are connected with the upper steering knuckle and the lower steering knuckle, so that the connection between the motor and the swing arm of the suspension is realized, the pin hole center lines of the upper steering knuckle and the lower steering knuckle are on the same straight line, the steering knuckle can rotate around the straight line, and the straight line and the vertical direction of the electric wheel keep a certain inclination angle. The upper steering knuckle is connected with the upper swing arm of the suspension through a ball pin; the lower steering knuckle is connected with the lower swing arm and the steering arm of the suspension through ball pins.
The motor junction box 62 is arranged on the end face of the motor knuckle end cover 7, and meanwhile, in order to reduce the axial length of the motor and the space limitation of the motor shaft side, the outgoing line of the motor end junction box 62 is outgoing from the end of the electric wheel along the axial direction of the motor, and specifically, the outgoing line is outgoing from the end of the motor knuckle end cover 7 along the axial direction of the motor.
For the situation that the braking force is insufficient and a plurality of brakes need to be installed, wheel-side brake 63 installation interfaces are reserved. Because the end center position of the in-wheel motor 6 is connected with the wheel-side brake 63, the junction box 62 is arranged at the radial outer side of the wheel-side brake 63 and close to the edge of the motor steering knuckle end cover 7.
The load of the ground acting on the rim 1 of the electric wheel is transferred to a motor end cover by a hub motor shell 61 or a motor water jacket, and then transferred to a corresponding suspension swing arm by an upper steering knuckle and a lower steering knuckle at the edge of the motor end cover, as shown in fig. 7, the thickness of the edge of the motor end cover in the circumferential direction is thicker than that of the middle part, the thickness of the upper steering knuckle and the lower steering knuckle is gradually thinner along the axial direction of the motor, and the material thickness of the transition part of the lower steering knuckle and the motor end cover is thicker than that of the transition part of the upper steering knuckle and the motor end cover because the lower steering knuckle bears more load than that of the upper steering knuckle and the; the upper surface of the upper steering knuckle pin hole is connected with an upper swing arm ball pin of the suspension, the upper surface of the lower steering knuckle pin hole is connected with a lower swing arm ball pin of the suspension, the lower surface of the lower steering knuckle pin hole is connected with the steering arm, the upper swing arm ball pin and the lower swing arm ball pin of the suspension can rotate and jump up and down in the upper steering knuckle and the lower steering knuckle along the horizontal direction, and the shape of the motor end cover is determined by combining the steering of the vehicle wheels and the jumping range of the.
Through the force transmission mode, the invention realizes reasonable transmission of motor power, hub brake power, steering power, whole vehicle vertical load and acting force of ground on the wheel rim when the vehicle drives, brakes and steers.
The structural strength and rigidity of each stressed part of the motor steering end cover are verified by adopting a finite element analysis means in combination with the running condition of a vehicle, as shown in FIG. 7; the analysis method is characterized in that the upper and lower steering knuckles are fixed, 2 worst working conditions are selected, namely vehicle ground impact load, 3 times of static load and 0.65g of lateral maximum acceleration when the vehicle turns, the lateral maximum acceleration acts on the motor steering knuckle end cover 7 through the hub motor shell/motor water jacket, the stress and the strain distribution are reasonable as can be seen from the stress and the strain diagram of the motor steering knuckle end cover 7, and the device structurally meets the bearing requirement.
The planet carrier 22, the gear ring fixing frame 12, the inner cylindrical part 13, the motor shaft body end cover flange 5, the motor shell 61, the motor steering knuckle end cover 7 and the suspension swing arm 8 are fixedly connected, and the planet carrier 22, the gear ring fixing frame 12, the inner cylindrical part, the motor shaft body end cover flange 5, the motor shell 61 and the motor steering knuckle end cover 7 cannot rotate along the wheel shaft due to connection with the suspension swing arm 8.
When the vehicle is driven, the whole vehicle charges a stator winding of the hub motor 6 according to a selected whole vehicle control strategy, generates electromagnetic torque with a rotor, transmits power to the planetary reducer 2 and the sun gear 21 through the rotor shaft 10 of the hub motor, and transmits the power to the hub 3 and the rim 1 through the planet carrier 22 after the speed reduction and torque increase of the planetary reducer 2 so as to drive the wheel.
The driving force transmission path of the hub motor comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 8(a), the driving force acting on the wheel rim 1 is generated by the in-wheel motor 6, the power output by the motor rotor shaft 10 is connected to the sun gear 21 of the planetary reducer 2 through a half shaft, and is transmitted to the wheel rim 1 by the planet carrier 22 through speed reduction and torque increase of the planetary reducer 2 and finally acts on the wheel, so that the in-wheel motor drives the wheel to rotate.
Secondly, the braking force transmission path is as follows:
for an electric vehicle, the braking force acting on the wheel rim 1 is provided by the hub brake 4 and the hub motor 6 together, wherein the hub brake 4 generates mechanical braking force and the hub motor 6 generates electric braking force. The braking force of the rim 1 is mainly provided by the electric braking force when the electrically driven vehicle runs at a high speed, the electric braking force and the mechanical braking force are provided together when the vehicle runs at a low speed, the mechanical braking force and the electric braking force are reasonably and efficiently distributed by controlling the intervention time and the intervention strength of the hub brake 4 and the hub motor 6, and the electric energy generated by the electric braking is recovered to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the safety of the vehicle braking.
When the vehicle is braked, according to a selected whole vehicle control strategy, when the running speed of the vehicle is higher than a certain vehicle speed and the action of a brake pedal meets a certain condition, firstly, a hub motor 6 generates electric brake torque, the electric brake torque is transmitted to a hub 3 through a half shaft, a sun gear 21 and a gear ring of a planetary reducer 2, and finally, the electric brake torque acts on a rim to play a role in braking the rim 1; when the running speed of the vehicle is lower than a certain vehicle speed and the action of a brake pedal meets a certain condition, the hub brake 4 and the hub motor 6 are both put into operation, the mechanical braking force of the hub 3 and the motor electric braking force transmitted from the hub 3 act on the rim 1 together through the hub 3, and the electromechanical combined braking of the rim 1 is completed; when the vehicle speed is lower than a certain vehicle speed or the brake pedal action meets a certain condition, the electric braking force is cancelled, and the hub brake 4 only generates the braking force action to act on the rim 1, so that the braking of the vehicle is completed;
mechanical braking force transmission path see 8 (b): the brake disc 41 of the hub brake 4 is fixedly connected with the hub 3, and the shell of the hub brake 4 is connected with the end cover flange 5 of the motor shaft body, so that the mechanical braking force generated by the hub brake 4 is directly acted on the hub 3 and is transmitted to a wheel;
electric braking force transmission path see fig. 8 (a): the same as the driving force transmission path, the hub motor 6 generates electric braking force, which is transmitted to the rim 1 through the motor rotor shaft 10, the half shaft, the sun gear 21 and the planet carrier 22 in sequence, and finally acts on the wheel.
Thirdly, the transmission path of the vertical load of the whole vehicle and the bearing capacity of the electric wheel is shown in fig. 8(c), and the transmission path is as follows:
the force applied to the suspension by the whole vehicle sequentially passes through the suspension swing arm, the motor steering knuckle end cover 7, the hub motor shell 61, the motor shaft end cover flange 5, the inner cylindrical part 13 and the outer cylindrical part 14 to be distributed, then is converged to the hub 3, and finally is transmitted to the rim 1, so that the bearing capacity transmission of the electric wheel is realized.
The bearing capacity is divided by the inner cylindrical part 13 and the outer cylindrical part 14 near the axle, so that the bearing load of the inner cylindrical part 13 and the outer cylindrical part 14 is reduced, the reliability of a transmission part is improved, and the inner cylindrical part 13 and the outer cylindrical part 14 bear the vertical load of the whole vehicle together, so that the scheme is suitable for heavy electric vehicles.
Referring to fig. 8(c), the force transmission path of the ground surface acting on the rim 1 is as follows:
the force of the ground acting on the rim 1 is transmitted to the inner cylindrical part 13 and the outer cylindrical part 14 through the hub 3 to be split, then is converged to the motor shaft end cover flange 5, and is transmitted to the suspension through the hub motor shell 61, the motor steering knuckle end cover 7 and the suspension swing arm in sequence.
Because the force of the ground acting on the rim 1 is dispersed by the inner cylindrical part 13 and the outer cylindrical part 14, the bearing load of the inner cylindrical part 13 and the outer cylindrical part 14 is reduced, the reliability of the transmission part is improved, and because the inner cylindrical part 13 and the outer cylindrical part 14 bear the force of the ground acting on the rim 1 together, the scheme is suitable for heavy electric vehicles.
The invention realizes reasonable transmission of motor power, hub brake power, steering power, whole vehicle vertical load and acting force of ground on the wheel rim when the vehicle drives, brakes and steers; on the basis of reasonable transmission of the force of the electric wheels, a one-stage large-transformation-ratio planetary speed reduction technology and a full-disc type wheel hub braking technology are adopted, the axial size of components is greatly reduced, the reliability of transmission components is improved, the weight of the electric wheels is reduced, the transmission efficiency is improved, and the electric wheel hub transmission device is particularly suitable for heavy electric vehicles.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a rim connecting structure of the present invention is as follows:
as shown in fig. 9-11, the rim includes an outer rim 101 and an inner rim 102. The inner rim has a flange-like inner rim mounting flange toward the wheel center and the outer rim has a flange-like outer rim mounting flange toward the wheel center.
Two groups of bolt holes which are arranged alternately are uniformly distributed on the same circumference of the outer rim 101 and the inner rim 102, and are respectively a rim bolt mounting flared opening 103 and a hub bolt mounting hole 104.
The inner side of the inner rim mounting flange is sequentially provided with a connecting end surface of a planet carrier mounting flange and a hub; two groups of rim bolt arrangement flaring holes and hub bolt countersunk holes which are arranged alternately are uniformly distributed on the circumference with the same radius of the connecting end surfaces of the planet carrier mounting flange and the hub.
Wherein the rim is connected with the inner rim and the outer rim through bolts; the hub is connected with the inner rim, the outer rim, the planet carrier mounting flange and the connecting end surface of the hub through bolts. Specifically, the center of the rim bolt mounting flare 103 and the center of the rim bolt arrangement flare are located at the same axial and radial positions; the rim bolts are installed at the rim bolt installation flaring positions, the bolt heads of the rim bolts or the fastening nuts of the rim bolts are accommodated in the space formed by the rim bolt arrangement flaring, and the fastening connection of the outer rim 101 and the inner rim 102 is realized. The hub bolts penetrate through the hub bolt mounting holes 104 and the hub bolt countersunk holes, so that the fastening connection of the connection end surfaces of the outer rim 101, the inner rim 102, the planet carrier mounting flange and the hub is realized, and further the rim, the planet carrier of the planetary speed reducer and the hub are fastened.
The power of the hub motor is transmitted to the hub bolt connection part by the planet carrier 22 and then transmitted to the hub 3 through the hub motor rotor shaft 10 and the half shaft after the speed reduction and torque increase of the planetary reducer 2; the mechanical braking force is transmitted to the hub bolt connection through the hub 3 and transmitted to the hub 3, and the load of the ground on the rim acts on the hub 3 through the hub bolt and is supported on the motor shaft body end flange 5 through the inner cylindrical part 13, the outer cylindrical part 14 and the hub bearing 9.
To facilitate tire inflation, tire valve core mounting holes 105 are also provided on the hub and rim bolt distribution circles through which the tire valve cores are mounted.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment are as follows: through the design of two groups of bolts, the fastening of the inner rim and the outer rim is finished, and the planet carrier flange and the wheel hub can also be fixedly connected; when the tire is replaced, the rim can be detached only by removing the hub bolts, so that the maintenance convenience of the rim is realized; when the vehicle runs, the two bolts jointly act on the inner rim and the outer rim, and the reliability of the force transmission structure is guaranteed.
The rim connection scheme solves the problems that the connecting force of the rim, the hub and the planet carrier is insufficient or the rim is not convenient to disassemble and assemble, has a compact structure and convenient maintenance, and is suitable for being applied to heavy vehicles driven by electric wheels.
Claims (10)
1. A method for transmitting force of an electric wheel,
the electric wheel comprises a hub motor, a planetary reducer, a hub assembly and a rim;
the input of the planetary reducer is a sun gear, and the output of the planetary reducer is a planet carrier;
the hub assembly includes a hub;
the motor rotor shaft is connected with the sun gear;
the method is characterized in that:
the outer side of the hub motor is connected with the hub assembly, the inner side of the hub motor is connected with a steering knuckle end cover, and the planetary reducer is positioned on the outer side of the hub assembly;
the rim comprises an outer rim and an inner rim, the inner rim is provided with a flange-shaped inner rim mounting flange facing the center of the wheel, and the outer rim is provided with a flange-shaped outer rim mounting flange facing the center of the wheel; the inner side of the inner rim mounting flange is sequentially provided with a connecting end surface of a planet carrier mounting flange and a hub; the hub is connected with the inner rim, the outer rim, the planet carrier mounting flange and the connecting end surface of the hub through bolts;
the force applied to the suspension by the whole vehicle is transmitted to the rim through the knuckle end cover, the hub motor shell, the motor shaft end cover flange and the hub assembly in sequence, so that the bearing capacity transmission of the electric wheel is realized;
the force acted on the rim by the ground is transmitted to the suspension through the rim, the hub assembly, the motor shaft end cover flange, the hub motor shell and the knuckle end cover in sequence;
the power of the hub motor is transmitted to the hub bolt connection part by the planet carrier after being decelerated and torque-increased by the planetary reducer through the motor rotor shaft and the half shaft, and is transmitted to the hub;
the mechanical braking force is transmitted to the bolt connection part of the hub through the hub and then transmitted to the rim;
the ground-to-rim load acts on the hub through the hub bolts.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the hub assembly includes:
the inner cylindrical part is fixedly connected with a flange of the end cover of the motor shaft body; the inner cylindrical part and the motor shaft end cover flange are split parts or integrally formed parts;
the outer cylindrical part is fixedly connected with the hub; the outer cylindrical part and the hub are separate parts or integrally formed parts;
the inner cylindrical portion is located within the outer cylindrical portion, and the outer cylindrical portion is rotationally connected relative to the inner cylindrical portion.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the hub assembly includes an inner cylindrical portion and an outer cylindrical portion; the inner cylindrical portion is located within the outer cylindrical portion, the outer cylindrical portion being rotationally connected relative to the inner cylindrical portion;
the force applied to the suspension by the whole vehicle sequentially passes through the suspension swing arm, the motor steering knuckle end cover, the hub motor shell, the motor shaft end cover flange, is transmitted to the inner cylindrical part and the outer cylindrical part to be shunted, then is converged to the hub, and is finally transmitted to the rim, so that the bearing capacity transmission of the electric wheel is realized.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the hub assembly includes an inner cylindrical portion and an outer cylindrical portion; the inner cylindrical portion is located within the outer cylindrical portion, the outer cylindrical portion being rotationally connected relative to the inner cylindrical portion;
the force of the ground acting on the rim is transmitted to the inner cylindrical part and the outer cylindrical part through the wheel hub to be split, then is converged to the end cover flange of the motor shaft, and is transmitted to the suspension through the wheel hub motor shell, the motor steering knuckle end cover and the suspension swing arm in sequence.
5. The method of any of claims 2 to 4, wherein: the motor rotor shaft is connected with the sun gear through a half shaft positioned in the hub assembly.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: two hub bearings are arranged between the inner cylindrical part and the outer cylindrical part; the centre line of the rim falls between the two hub bearings and the half shaft is located within the inner cylindrical portion.
7. The method of any of claims 2 to 4, wherein: the planetary speed reducer also comprises a gear ring fixing frame, wherein the gear ring fixing frame is used for fixing a gear ring of the planetary speed reducer; one end of the gear ring fixing frame is fixedly connected with the gear ring, and the other end of the gear ring fixing frame is fixedly connected with the inner cylindrical part.
8. The method of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the electric wheel also comprises a hub brake, and the hub brake is positioned in a space enclosed by the motor shaft body end cover flange, the hub and the rim; the shell of the hub brake is fixedly connected with a flange of the end cover of the motor shaft body.
9. The method of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein:
a brake disc of the hub brake is fixedly connected with the hub;
the braking torque generated by the hub brake is transmitted to the rim through the hub by the brake disc, so that the mechanical braking force transmission of the electric wheel is realized.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that: use of a method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710749620.9A CN108128141B (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | Force transmission method of electric wheel and vehicle using same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710749620.9A CN108128141B (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | Force transmission method of electric wheel and vehicle using same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108128141A CN108128141A (en) | 2018-06-08 |
| CN108128141B true CN108128141B (en) | 2020-11-17 |
Family
ID=62388534
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710749620.9A Active CN108128141B (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | Force transmission method of electric wheel and vehicle using same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108128141B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109130839B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-06-30 | 清华大学 | Electric wheel assembly suitable for double tires and provided with wheels, axle and vehicle |
| CN111775687A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-16 | 清华大学 | Integrated multifunctional electric wheel assembly and electric driving walking device and control method thereof |
| CN112498479B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-11-09 | 上海汇众汽车制造有限公司 | Automobile steering angle mechanism and automobile comprising same |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10014131A1 (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-09-27 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Drive for vehicle wheel e.g. low-platform busses etc. has drive motor to drive reduction gear pinion, meshing with ring gear for max. distance between motor and wheel axle |
| JP2012218563A (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2012-11-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Vehicle driving apparatus and vehicle |
| CN102975579A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-20 | 日立建机株式会社 | Travel drive device for dump truck |
| CN103874871A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2014-06-18 | Ntn株式会社 | In-wheel motor drive device |
| CN104512237A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-15 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Wheel drive apparatus and forklift |
| CN105270161A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-27 | 湖北航天技术研究院特种车辆技术中心 | Wheel-side motor driving device |
| CN105946589A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Wheel hub motor electric car braking system and braking energy recovery control method |
| CN106103166A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-11-09 | 福乐尼·乐姆宝公开有限公司 | There is the vehicle wheel component of motor and Vehicular brake device |
| CN106335356A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-01-18 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Hub motor drive device with speed-reducing mechanism |
| CN107031382A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2017-08-11 | 迪尔公司 | Compact multi-speed planetary actuator assembly |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4421428C1 (en) * | 1994-06-18 | 1995-07-27 | Fichtel & Sachs Ag | Planetary gearing esp. for electric drive of road vehicle wheel |
| DE10030441A1 (en) * | 2000-06-22 | 2002-01-10 | Lohmann & Stolterfoht Gmbh | Wheel drive with integrated dynamic service brake |
| GB2389827B (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2005-12-14 | Magnetic Systems Technology Lt | Hub drive system |
| JP2006188153A (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2006-07-20 | Toyota Motor Corp | In-wheel motor |
| FR2954234B1 (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2012-03-02 | Michelin Soc Tech | MOTORIZATION SYSTEM OF A WHEEL ASSOCIATED WITH A SUSPENSION |
| US8662277B2 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2014-03-04 | Fairfield Manufacturing Company, Inc. | Planetary gearbox with integral service brake |
| US20120161497A1 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-06-28 | Jing He | Wheel hub flywheel-motor kinetic hybrid system and method |
| CN106864251B (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2019-05-24 | 北京理工大学 | Wheel motor drive device |
-
2017
- 2017-08-28 CN CN201710749620.9A patent/CN108128141B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10014131A1 (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-09-27 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Drive for vehicle wheel e.g. low-platform busses etc. has drive motor to drive reduction gear pinion, meshing with ring gear for max. distance between motor and wheel axle |
| JP2012218563A (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2012-11-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Vehicle driving apparatus and vehicle |
| CN102975579A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-20 | 日立建机株式会社 | Travel drive device for dump truck |
| CN103874871A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2014-06-18 | Ntn株式会社 | In-wheel motor drive device |
| CN104512237A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-15 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Wheel drive apparatus and forklift |
| CN106103166A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-11-09 | 福乐尼·乐姆宝公开有限公司 | There is the vehicle wheel component of motor and Vehicular brake device |
| CN105270161A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-27 | 湖北航天技术研究院特种车辆技术中心 | Wheel-side motor driving device |
| CN107031382A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2017-08-11 | 迪尔公司 | Compact multi-speed planetary actuator assembly |
| CN105946589A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Wheel hub motor electric car braking system and braking energy recovery control method |
| CN106335356A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-01-18 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Hub motor drive device with speed-reducing mechanism |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108128141A (en) | 2018-06-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108146145B (en) | Electric wheel with large-gear-ratio planetary reducer and vehicle | |
| CN107487175B (en) | Integrated hub motor driving unit | |
| CN109130839B (en) | Electric wheel assembly suitable for double tires and provided with wheels, axle and vehicle | |
| RU2633129C1 (en) | Vehicle motor wheel and vehicle with such motor wheel | |
| EP3047996B1 (en) | In-wheel motor driving device | |
| CN104626964A (en) | Integrated electric wheel integrating driving function, braking function, suspension function and steering function | |
| CN108128141B (en) | Force transmission method of electric wheel and vehicle using same | |
| CN102555770B (en) | Speed-reducing wheel-rim driving system using mass of motor as mass of power vibration absorber | |
| CN108128143A (en) | A kind of integrated electric driving wheel and vehicle | |
| CN210502248U (en) | Low-speed large-torque electric wheel device and electric vehicle | |
| CN111873791A (en) | Integrated electric wheel and vehicle | |
| CN108544918A (en) | A kind of Electric Motor Wheel and vehicle | |
| CN108146144B (en) | A wheel hub subassembly, electronic round and vehicle for electronic round | |
| CN108544917A (en) | A kind of Electric Motor Wheel and vehicle | |
| CN113492669A (en) | Electric wheel and vehicle | |
| CN108128142B (en) | A wheel hub rim structure, electronic round and vehicle for electronic round | |
| CN111605397A (en) | Array type hub motor driving system and multi-wheel hub motor integration and brake steering integrated unmanned vehicle chassis | |
| CN102555772A (en) | Speed reduction type hub driving system with function of power shock absorption | |
| CN213705078U (en) | Coaxial integrated electric drive bridge | |
| CN111873784A (en) | Wheel set shell assembly, electric wheel and vehicle | |
| CN108146221B (en) | A kind of Electric Motor Wheel and vehicle with integral steering section end cap | |
| CN220615406U (en) | Suspension and drive assembly of heavy load bearing vehicle | |
| CN202448669U (en) | Driving bridge for electric forklift | |
| CN220615405U (en) | Suspension mechanism of heavy load bearing vehicle | |
| CN112278116B (en) | Electric drive vehicle and electric driving system applying single-sliding-column independent suspension |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |