CN108108456A - A kind of information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata - Google Patents
A kind of information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata Download PDFInfo
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
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- G06F16/2457—Query processing with adaptation to user needs
- G06F16/24573—Query processing with adaptation to user needs using data annotations, e.g. user-defined metadata
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata in technical field of computer information processing.This method includes：For distributed query, design a kind of scheme based on Virtual table, realize mapping of the Virtual table to physical table, provide access structure to the user, message reference is carried out, when user sends inquiry request, provides a kind of search algorithm flow, it is performed respectively after generating subquery request by QD algorithm, last query processor will merge subquery results to obtain query result using join algorithm.The present invention is reduced the response time of query processing, is accelerated the processing speed of inquiry, improve search efficiency by a kind of information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of computer information processing more particularly to a kind of information resources distributions based on metadata
Formula querying method.
Background technology
With the rapid development of the information processing technology and constantly widening for application field, the particularly rapid proliferation of internet
With the progressively development of informatization, exponential increase is presented in network information resource quantity.It is deposited yet with substantial amounts of information resources
It stores up in scattered environment, and the difference of its data model, data structure, storage environment etc. so that the inquiry of information resources
There are many difficulties.Metadata is the data message for defining data, it is arrangement, retrieval, control and the pipe for solving information
The problems such as reason, provides a kind of new method.
At present, distributed enquiring method, the method for generally use have：Traditional distributed data query, the unification based on XML
The querying method of data source, the method inquiry integrated using logic etc..
Existing distributed enquiring method there are it is certain the defects of, be generally designated as：
It must be clear to the expression pattern of all distributed data systems when 1 traditional distributed data query is to data query
Chu, and different data will be carried out with complicated grammer, semantic conversion, therefore search efficiency is not high.
The querying method in the 2 uniform data sources based on XML, it is proposed that by the way that structural data and Un-structured data are united
One is converted to the data of XML format, realizes the unified query of heterogeneous data source, improves single table search efficiency of isomery, but
It is for conjunctive query, there is certain difficulty.
The 3 method inquiries integrated using logic, realize the effective query to heterogeneous data source, but to distributed data
Inquiry does not optimize, and lacks data isolation and complete trick property inspection etc..
For the demand and problem, metadata technique is applied in data query, establishes one kind and be based on by the present invention
The information resources distributed enquiring method of metadata provides a kind of new query strategy, passes through a kind of inquiry plan of Virtual table
Slightly each data source query result is organically integrated together, this method is a kind of opening, flexible, adaptable information resources
The solution of inquiry accelerates the processing speed of inquiry, improves search efficiency.
The content of the invention
Scattered for existing resource storage, distributed query data volume is big, data structure disunity, search efficiency be not high
Problem, the present invention provide a kind of information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata, improve search efficiency.On realizing
Purpose is stated, present invention employs following technical solutions：
A kind of information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata, using the base that metadata standard is unified as data
Plinth, for describing, registering and service, the parameter and returning the result for service execution that use all are represented using metadata.Pass through
The query interface provided to the user and the information resources agency of return query result access, and provide a kind of query strategy.Member
The information resources distributed enquiring method of data includes：
Step 1：Virtual table is inquired about to the Query Design of distributed data；
Step 2：Metadata information is mapped to physical table in Virtual table；
Step 3：It provides access structure to the user, carries out message reference；
Step 4：User files a request to all data sources using required standard query language；
Step 5：The inquiry request of heterogeneous data source is decomposed into a series of subqueries for specific data source and asks；
Step 6：The query decomposition of multiple heterogeneous data sources is mapped in specific data source；
Step 7：Return is merged to query result.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 gives a kind of flow chart of the information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata under the present invention；
Fig. 2 gives a kind of query processing flow chart under the present invention；
Fig. 3 gives a kind of inquiry query strategy flow chart under the present invention；
Fig. 4 gives a kind of idiographic flow step for inquiring about merging under the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, hereinafter reference will be made to the drawings and it is real to combine
The invention will be further described for example, it should be understood that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention, and do not have to
It is of the invention in limiting.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow of the information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure.With reference to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata, the method bag
It includes：
Step 1：Virtual table is inquired about to the Query Design of distributed data；
Step 2：Metadata information is mapped to physical table in Virtual table；
Step 3：It provides access structure to the user, carries out message reference；
Step 4：User files a request to all data sources using required standard query language；
Step 5：The inquiry request of heterogeneous data source is decomposed into a series of subqueries for specific data source and asks；
Step 6：The query decomposition of multiple heterogeneous data sources is mapped in specific data source；
Step 7：Return is merged to query result.
In above-mentioned steps 1, Virtual table is inquired about to the Query Design of distributed data.Using unified JSON members in the present embodiment
Data standard is by the data conversion of various data sources into unified data pattern, for describing, registering and service, the parameter used
And returning the result for service execution is all represented using metadata.
It in distributed query, is inquired about by Virtual table, it would be desirable to which the distributed isomeric data of inquiry is built into one
Virtual table is opened, primitive rule is defined as follows：
(1) Virtual table is made of the metadata information of one or more physical tables and memory table.
(2) in order to avoid unnecessary information redundancy, useless field definition is not present in Virtual table.
(3) for various inquiries, map information is configured by the configuration tool write.
(4) a kind of strategy for how splitting and merging is provided, and the database for splitting into various bottom architectures can receive
Sentence come realize scheduling and basis inquire about.
The related meanings of Virtual table map information, as shown in table 1.
The related meanings of 1 Virtual table map information of table
| Map information component | Meaning |
| IP | The information of the IP of the corresponding tables of data of Virtual table relevant field. |
| DBname | The DB names of the corresponding tables of data of Virtual table relevant field. |
| Tablename | The Table names of the corresponding tables of data of Virtual table relevant field. |
| Fieldname | The corresponding data sheet field name of Virtual table relevant field |
| Fieldtype | The data type of the corresponding data sheet field of Virtual table relevant field |
| Flag | Database of the tables of data from that type |
| Wrapper | The wrapper all disposed on each data source |
User realizes the inquiry of distributed data by inquiring about Virtual table, and actual distributed query details all by
Shielding processing, external interface are relatively easy.
In above-mentioned steps 2, metadata information in Virtual table and specific physical table are mapped, mapping method include ip,
The contents such as db, table, field, type, flag.As information MAP is corresponded to a physical table, map information in Virtual table A：
192.168.1.5:student:score:A:int:Mysql, then its Ip map information be：192.168.1.5, Database Mapping
Information is：Student, tables of data map information are：Score, field map information are：A, field map information are：A, data
Type Map Information is：Int, type of database map information are：mysql.
Mapping relations between Virtual table and physical table can be automatically converted in JSON formatted files.
JSON file formats are described as：
{“T”:Virtual table name, { Virtual table field name：[ip, database name, database table name, data sheet field name, field
Type, type of database] } }
Above-mentioned Virtual table A corresponds to JSON files
{“A”,{“A”:[“192.168.1.5”,”student”,”score”,”A”,”int”,”mysql”]}}
In above-mentioned steps 3, user carries out message reference by advanced inquiry sentence, when user accesses, analyzes looking into for user
Inquiry demand, and analyzing accessing sentence, establishes corresponding user mode according to the demand of user, when establish user mode with
The mapping relations being queried between database metadata.
In above-mentioned steps 4~6, in the method, the inquiry request that user submits is Facing the whole group data source, but can
Can each data source can only realize the part of inquiry, this requires that can by the query decomposition of Facing the whole group data source into
For a series of sub- requests, sub- request and the service that data source provides are matched, and by these information records, generation one is inquired about
Executive plan directly returns to corresponding result if no match information.Server will inquire that can corresponding server first
The inquiry operation is provided, if can if perform subquery and return to query result, if cannot if return to the phase of inquiry failure
It closes as a result, last each query result all will return to user with unified interface.Its query processing flow is referring to Fig. 2.
For an autonomous tree, query decomposition process is relatively simple, and the workflow of query processor pertains only to
First and second, four steps into flow chart, because a single Wrapper is related only to, and need not be by SQL syntax
Tree is converted to rule tree.The first step is completed in generation SQL syntax tree, the algorithm of the autonomous tree of SQL syntax tree invocation flags is obtained
Autonomy is set, after completion second step, it is possible to is directly sent to query statement on the Wrapper marked in autonomous tree and be looked into
It askes.For a Non-Self-Governing tree, query process is complex, in flow chart is completed after first and second step, next work
To be the conversion of Non-Self-Governing tree and query decomposition work.In a Non-Self-Governing tree, WHERE subtrees may be by multiple condition tables
Up to formula form, these expression formulas again may by it is multiple with or and operation form, it is complex in query decomposition, it is necessary to by its
Rule tree is converted into, that is, contains only conjunctive normal form or the disjunctive normal form being made of multiple conjunctive normal forms.Complete turning for rule tree
To be the work by QD algorithm generation subquery after change.
Query decomposition will be carried out for the three of rule tree subtrees, and SELECT subtrees represent the query demand of user,
The Wrapper being related in the second step of querying flow to attribute in SELECT subtrees is identified, it is known that looking into
Which Wrapper inquiries is related to altogether；All for the table under Mediator patterns in FROM subtrees, the attribute without table.Passing through
The table that can be mapped as the table under Mediator patterns after query metadata under relevant Wrapper patterns, obtains after mapping
Wrapper under table be related to the quantity of table possibly more than attribute in SELECT subtrees.WHERE subtrees contain the item of inquiry
Part and limitation are having become a rule tree after conversion, are being defined from rule tree, and rule tree closes to be one or more
The disjunctive normal form that normal form is taken to form, query decomposition are only needed first to decompose each conjunctive normal form in rule tree, are related to
One or more relevant Wrapper subqueries sentences, finally again by the condition of disjunctive normal form by the knot of whole conjunctive normal forms
Fruit is attached merging.Fig. 3 is search algorithm flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and with reference to Fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides
A kind of thought of search algorithm, can be summarized as：
Step 1：Select subtrees are traveled through, obtain Wrapper Id (the autonomy trees belonging to the attribute and attribute of pre- inquiry
In mark)；
Step 2：Where subtrees are traveled through, obtain whole conjunctive normal forms included in rule tree；
Step 3：For each conjunctive normal form, all Wrapper Id arrived involved in conjunctive normal form are obtained by traversal,
The condition for being involved in two Wrapper Id is stored in an array；
Step 4：With reference to step 1 and step 3 as a result, the attribute under identical Wrapper Id and condition composition are sent to
Subquery sentence on corresponding Wrapper sends the subquery to corresponding Wrapper；
Step 5：By Wrapper inquire about result be named as with the corresponding Result Id of Wrapper Id, according to step
The WrapperId involved by condition preserved in 1 array obtains the merging condition of two results.
The metadata for each data source that will be inquired about is centrally stored into metadatabase by unified standard, is used to establish
Mapping relations between family pattern and metadata are laid a good foundation.
The result finally obtained by QD algorithm in WHERE subtrees conjunctive normal form as a result, due to
WHERE subtrees are a rule trees, it is understood that there may be the disjunctive normal form being made of multiple conjunctive normal forms is also needed at this time to each conjunction
The result of normal form is merged to obtain final query result again.
After global query's sentence is decomposed into each subquery by query decomposition method, by the inquiry of multiple heterogeneous data sources
Son request is decomposed to be mapped in specific data source by Virtual table, query processor will wait the return of subquery results,
Query processor will cache the result of part subquery during this.
In above-mentioned steps 7, user's inquiry request is broken down into sub- request and is mapped to specific tables of data, reads specific data
Afterwards, result is returned, when returning the result, each sub- requesting query result is merged, Fig. 4 provides the stream that a kind of result merges
Cheng Tu, as shown in figure 4, after whole subquery results are obtained, query processor will use join algorithm, to subquery results
It merges, and final result is returned into user.
Wherein, before the result of each subquery does not also all return to query processor, query processor needs are played a game
The intermediate result that portion's subquery returns is cached.Since the caching capabilities of query processor are limited, if in one query
The intermediate result of return is more, and query processor can not then store whole results, is needed this moment using piecemeal mechanism, will
The content of one or a set of piece of upper storage in query processor caching is output on disk, discharges the space in caching to store
New data.
After whole subquery results return to query processor, query processor will merge query result, close
Query result is returned into user after and.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata, feature includes herein below：To distributed data
Query Design inquiry Virtual table；Metadata information is mapped to physical table in Virtual table；Provide access structure to the user, into
Row information accesses；User files a request to all data sources using required standard query language；The inquiry request of heterogeneous data source
A series of subqueries for specific data source are decomposed into ask；The query decomposition of multiple heterogeneous data sources is mapped to specifically
In data source；Return is merged to query result.
2. a kind of information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata according to claim 1, it is characterized in that dividing
The Query Design inquiry Virtual table of cloth data, in distributed query, is inquired about, it would be desirable to point of inquiry by Virtual table
Cloth isomeric data is built into a Virtual table, and primitive rule is defined as follows：(1) Virtual table is by one or more physical tables and interior
Deposit the metadata information composition of table；(2) in order to avoid unnecessary information redundancy, useless field definition is not present in Virtual table
In；(3) for various inquiries, map information is configured by the configuration tool write；(4) provide and a kind of how to split and merge
Strategy, and the acceptable sentence of database for splitting into various bottom architectures realize scheduling and basis inquire about.
3. a kind of information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata according to claim 1, it is characterized in that by void
Metadata information is mapped with specific physical table in plan table, and mapping method includes ip, db, table, field, type, flag
Etc. contents, and the mapping relations between Virtual table and physical table are automatically converted to JSON format configuration files, JSON trays
Formula is described as：{“T”:Virtual table name, { Virtual table field name：[ip, database name, database table name, data sheet field name, word
Segment type, type of database] } }.
4. a kind of information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata according to claim 1, it is characterized in that user
The inquiry request of submission is Facing the whole group data source, but each possible data source can only realize a part for inquiry, this
Sample requires the query decomposition of Facing the whole group data source be become a series of sub- requests, sub- request and data source is provided
Service matches, and by these information records, one query execution plan of generation directly returns corresponding if no match information
Result；Server will inquire that can corresponding server provide the inquiry operation first, if can if perform subquery simultaneously
Return to query result；If cannot if return to the correlated results of inquiry failure, last each query result all will be with unified boundary
Face returns to user.
5. a kind of information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata according to claim 1, it is characterized in that inquiry
Decomposition need to decompose each conjunctive normal form in rule tree, obtain being related to one or more relevant Wrapper subqueries
Sentence.
6. a kind of information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata according to claim 1, it is characterized in that providing
A kind of search algorithm flow, specific steps include：(1) select subtrees are traveled through, are obtained belonging to the attribute and attribute of pre- inquiry
Wrapper Id (autonomy tree in mark)；(2) where subtrees are traveled through, obtain whole conjunction models included in rule tree
Formula；(3) for each conjunctive normal form, all Wrapper Id arrived involved in conjunctive normal form is obtained by traversal, are involved in
The condition of two Wrapper Id is stored in an array；(4) combine step (1) and step (3) as a result, will be identical
Attribute under Wrapper Id and condition composition are sent to the subquery sentence on corresponding Wrapper, send the subquery to
Corresponding Wrapper；(5) the Wrapper results inquired about are named as and the corresponding Result Id of Wrapper Id, root
According to the Wrapper Id involved by the condition preserved in step (1) array, the merging condition of two results is obtained.
7. a kind of information resources distributed enquiring method based on metadata according to claim 1, it is characterized in that providing
A kind of query result consolidation strategy, specific method include：Also all query processor is not returned in the result of each subquery
Before, query processor needs to cache the intermediate result that local subquery returns, due to the caching capabilities of query processor
It is limited, if the intermediate result returned in one query is more, query processor can not store whole results,
It being needed this moment using piecemeal mechanism, the content of one or a set of piece of upper storage during query processor is cached is output on disk,
The space in caching is discharged to store new data, after whole subquery results return to query processor, query processing
Device will merge query result, and query result is returned to user after merging.
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| CN113254953A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-13 | 深圳市鹰硕技术有限公司 | Authority distribution management method, device, online education system and storage medium |
| WO2023015809A1 (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2023-02-16 | 威讯柏睿数据科技(北京)有限公司 | Method and device for optimizing distributed memory data query |
| CN113407612A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-09-17 | 江苏量界数据科技有限公司 | Virtual distributed database access system and method |
| CN113904859A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-07 | 京东科技信息技术有限公司 | Security group source group information management method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| CN113904859B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2024-03-01 | 京东科技信息技术有限公司 | Security group source group information management method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| CN113961637A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-01-21 | 北京力控元通科技有限公司 | Database-based data fusion method and system and electronic equipment |
| CN114817293B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-11-08 | 华能信息技术有限公司 | Data query method and system based on distributed SQL |
| CN114817293A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-29 | 华能信息技术有限公司 | Data query method and system based on distributed SQL |
| CN115145943B (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2023-02-28 | 北京麦聪软件有限公司 | Method, system, equipment and storage medium for rapidly comparing metadata of multiple data sources |
| CN115145943A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-10-04 | 北京麦聪软件有限公司 | Multi-data-source metadata rapid comparison method, system, device and storage medium |
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