CN108090285A - A kind of microclimate observation points distributing method suitable for the monitoring of complicated landform transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm - Google Patents
A kind of microclimate observation points distributing method suitable for the monitoring of complicated landform transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of microclimates suitable for the monitoring of complicated landform transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm to observe points distributing method.This method is according to the analysis of history the condition of a disaster statistics, it is proposed rule-based space overlapping method, different height simulation of wind and GIS-Geographic Information System spacial analytical method in comprehensive Study of Meso Scale Weather Forecast Mode, realize transmission line of electricity microclimate observation station point selection in region, and utilize layout observation and modeling, different height wind field distribution situation in region can be dynamically grasped in real time, power transmission line column station is monitored by disaster caused by a windstorm distribution situation, to ensure that electric power safety operation provides technical guarantee, the indoor comprehensive sunykatuib analysis for forming complete set makes an on-the-spot survey the reconnaissance techniqueflow being combined with field is actual.Effectively solve the problems, such as that transmission line of electricity is powered off by the tower station after disaster caused by a windstorm in unpredictable region.The present invention program is novel, and result of layouting is representative strong, can be laid for transmission line of electricity strong wind meteorological disaster monitoring network and provide technical support, and easy to spread and implementation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microclimates to observe field.A kind of complicated landform transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm that is suitable for is specifically referred to supervise
The microclimate observation points distributing method of survey.This method proposes that a kind of complicated landform tower station that is based on carries out space overlapping, can be quickly real
The power transmission line column station under most representative MODEL OVER COMPLEX TOPOGRAPHY is now selected from numerous power transmission line column stations as wind
Field monitoring point, installs convenient for microclimate observation instrument, early warning is provided for transmission line safety operation.
Background technology
The wind field of mountain topography is different from the wind field of flat geomorphologic conditions, and the complicated landform in mountain area can significantly change surface layer
Distribution and turbulence structure of the wind wind speed in vertical direction are flowed, so as to form wind field structure feature specific to alpine terrain,
Such as get over mountain breeze, ravine wind.When air-flow flows through mountain peak, due to being stopped be subject to mountain peak, air-flow can be from the top on mountain peak and two
Side is streamed, and air-flow is accelerated.When air-flow enters valley from flat open landforms, since the area of flow section is reduced, air-flow
Speed can accelerate, formed valley wind field " funnelling ".
With the rapid development of China's power industry, the continuous increase of power transmission demand, various super-pressure, Great span
Transmission tower constantly puts into construction and use, and this large span power transmission shaft tower is usually built in the higher position of mountain area physical features（Such as
Mountain top）, current numerous transmission lines of electricity are laid in complex mountainous, and the wind field acceleration effect pair caused by the complicated landform landforms of mountain area
The wind resistance of transmission tower causes very serious adverse effect.Instantaneous wind speed causes a hidden trouble to transmission line safety.How
Reduce disaster caused by a windstorm to caused by transmission line of electricity it is sudden have a power failure, ensure transmission line of electricity and downstream industrial or agricultural Electrical Safety.Usual one
Power transmission line column station in a region is numerous, and limited, most generation how is selected from the power transmission line column station of substantial amounts
It realizes the scientific and reasonable monitoring of wind field in region as the platform for carrying microclimate observation system, and then is meteorology in the tower station of table
The accurate assimilation data that numerical model provides wind field early warning becomes the difficult point of current power transmission circuit weather monitoring and electric power row
Industry urgently problem to be solved.
It is mostly fairly simple for the regulation of mountain wind field characteristic in current specification both domestic and external, generally by using wind
Speed increases power transmission tower station coefficient to consider mountain wind field environment, and the approximate estimation formula provided is usually only applicable to two-dimensional case,
The wind profile data of the positive windward side in hillside and leeward are provided, do not consider the data under entire massif three-dimensional situation,
Also lack " the valley wind scorpion " formed specifically for two massifs to be studied.
The wind field characteristic of Complex Mountain landform is studied and the basis of early-warning and predicting is to lay substantial amounts of automatic micro- gas
As station, under the conditions of meteorological condition real-time change, the wind load feature under accurate reasonable assurance massif and Valley
And its wind action to power transmission tower, have great importance to the safe handling and operation for ensureing mountain area transmission line of electricity.
The content of the invention
It causes a hidden trouble to solve power industry instantaneous wind speed to transmission line safety, it is an object of the invention to provide one
Kind is suitable for the microclimate observation points distributing method of complicated landform transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm monitoring.This method is primarily based on power grid transmission line
Road and its disaster caused by a windstorm monitoring historical summary, comprehensive utilization Altitude classification, geomorphic unit, gradient slope aspect, surface cover, mean wind speed and
The elements such as mean wind direction establish representative tower station and choose regulation, and integral utilization space overlay analysis method is realized in region and represented
Property the selection of tower station, be transmission of electricity in region convenient for wind field distribution in detection whole region so as to simplify microclimate instrument installation procedure
Line security provides technical support.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of microclimate observation points distributing method suitable for the monitoring of complicated landform transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm comprises the following steps：
1. meteorological station routine monitoring data in collecting zone, including：In wind speed, wind direction, temperature, precipitation, air pressure and region
High-precision landform relief data, soil, vegetation, land use/cover（LUCC）Etc. data, Value of Remote Sensing Data in region（It plants
By index（NDVI）, leaf area index (LAI), surface albedo etc.）And in region all transmission line of electricity pylon data and
Pylon history disaster caused by a windstorm accident data；
2. carrying out height above sea level subregion according to topography and geomorphology data, subregion is classified using equal difference 500m, while to topography and geomorphology number
Know the real situation according to the gradient, the slope aspect data in region, statistical analysis history pylon disaster caused by a windstorm accident rate establishes gradient classification number
According to storehouse；
3. according to meteorological station statistics for many years, select strong wind accident tower as emergency area observation website, and according to each tower bar
Observation is encrypted in height and neighbouring wind speed, wind direction landform geographical conditions；
4. selecting mountain area, air port with a varied topography, bealock, watershed, mountain top highlight, windward slope are more as transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm
The observation of mountain area and complicated landform occurs as website；
5. being overlapped to the observation station point 2. 3. 4. selected, the website as obtained by seeking common ground meets regional choice, based on folded
Add as a result, it is preferred that powering, communicating well, traffic convenience is as website；
6. it is preferred that verification is made an on-the-spot survey in the result of website and the progress field that intersects of model simulation results on the spot, monitoring station is finally determined
Space of points distribution scheme；
7. the installation of promoting the circulation of qi image sensor is alternatively clicked through to power transmission line column station, continuous to run, long-term observation.
Advantages of the present invention：
1st, the present invention by multiple to surface layer wind field distribution, disaster in power transmission line column station history the condition of a disaster in region, region,
Height above sea level residing for pylon disaster caused by a windstorm accident rate, high mountain complicated landform field gradient transmission line of electricity analyzes and counts, then
All power transmission line column stations are counted to analysis in area to be overlapped, and are selected from tens thousand of a tower stations limited, representative
Website, and the website field of selection is made an on-the-spot survey on the spot, realizes under a kind of complicated environmental condition, transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm microclimate
Observe station network scattered point design scheme.The program is applicable to transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm monitoring in China's different zones, together
When can also be used as the natural calamities observation grid such as icing, there is preferable applicability and scalability.
2nd, the present invention carries out numerical simulation, GIS-Geographic Information System by using Study of Meso Scale Weather Numerical Prediction Models (WRF)
(GIS) the methods of spatial analysis, is combined, and the selection of layouting of indoor microclimate website makes an on-the-spot survey the reconnaissance being combined on the spot with field
Method, scientific and reasonable integrated Numerical Prediction Models（WRF）, reconnaissance efficiency is greatly improved, realizes that wind field science is closed in region
Reason monitoring, reduces human cost and through costly.
3rd, the present invention is monitored for complex area transmission line of electricity microclimate, is monitored for extremely frigid zones transmission line of electricity meteorological disaster
The fast selecting of website provides new approaches, effectively improves Complex Underlying Surface, morphologic region microclimate monitoring network construction work stream
Journey reduces field reconnaissance workload, improves work efficiency of layouting, and saves manpower and financial resources cost.The present invention is seen using microclimate
It surveys instrument to be monitored wind field in region, and wind field in region is predicted using meteorological numerical model, so as to fulfill to defeated
Electric line wind field especially strong wind carries out early warning.This method extends to other industry, is different industries meteorological disaster monitor station
It stands and offer service is provided.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the space overlapping method schematic diagram the present invention is based on meeting point.In figure ；。
Fig. 2 is transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm monitoring location flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 observes point height distribution map for microclimate of the present invention.
Fig. 4 observes site and strong wind wind field prediction distribution figure for microclimate of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further described again with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：
A kind of microclimate observation points distributing method suitable for the monitoring of complicated landform transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm comprises the following steps：
1st, sensor distributing
To realize that scientific and reasonable high-precision complex topographic area wind field is distributed early warning, first consult meteorological station in the region and routinely supervise
Survey data obtains newest Environmental forecasting centre（National Centers for Environmental
Prediction, NCEP）The global analysis of data of offer（Final Operational Global Analysis, abbreviation FNL,
The data has higher time, spatial resolution than analysis of data again）As the initial fields of numerical model simulation, WRF is utilized
Pattern simulation studies the ground layer wind field distribution situation in area, exports the most strong wind peace in specified time in 10 meters of height of surface layer
Equal wind；Wind field distributed data, power transmission line column station data, elevation partition data etc. are input in generalized information system afterwards；Using this
What invention proposed finds optimal region of layouting based on the place addition method；Comprehensive traffic convenience, wireless communication signal are stablized
Property etc. elements, determine transmission line of electricity microclimate sensor distributing in finally specified region.It is supervised based on grid power transmission circuit and its disaster caused by a windstorm
Measured data relies on the microclimate observation system at power transmission line column station, including：Wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, precipitation
The microclimate of acquisition is observed data as the actual data of Numerical Prediction Models, number is input to using assimilation technique by six elements
It is worth Meteorological Models（WRF）In, so as to provide waveform of real-time data basis for the foundation at power transmission line column station, obtain more accurate
Modeling wind field information provides the technical support of science for transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm prevention in region.
2nd, implementation steps
Construction of platform is observed in power transmission line column station as the microclimate that wind field in reflecting regional is distributed in selection region, and this method carries
Go out a kind of rule-based transmission line of electricity wind field monitoring microclimate observation points distributing method being combined with space overlapping.This method passes through
Following regulation is realized：
1. the selection at power transmission line column station
It is many from quantity according to Altitude classification, mean wind direction, maximum wind velocity, ground mulching, gradient slope aspect, geomorphic unit in region
The power transmission line column station most represented is selected in more power transmission line column stations as microclimate observation platform ground layer wind field point
Cloth utilizes WRF model prediction function predictions wind field distribution especially surface layer（20m, 50m height）Wind field is distributed（Mean wind direction,
Maximum wind velocity）, Altitude classification in region, gradient slope aspect, topography and geomorphology list are established based on GIS-Geographic Information System spatial analysis functions
Meta Partition is observed to select the power transmission line column station most represented from large number of power transmission line column station as microclimate
The foundation of platform, these foundations include：
（1）Strong wind accident tower station alternately tower station.According to statistics for many years, the accident tower is selected as emergency area observation station
Point, and observation is encrypted according to each tower bar height and Terrain geographical conditions, set up in tower bar two layers of observation device into
Sector-style speed gradient observation, while the tower bar of about 500 meters of little Feng areas bridging portion branch website and height above sea level drop nearby, bridging portion substation
Point forms altitudinal gradient observation.
（2）High mountain complex topographic area gradient observation.Transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm mostly occurs in mountain area, with a varied topography, the sight of setting
Survey station dot density considers the territorial scope that each website represents, wherein preferred air port, bealock, watershed, mountain top highlight, windward
Slope is as observation website.When power tower observation website height above sea level drop is larger, using peak, minimum point and intermediate point as ladder
Degree observation, the influence that the research influence of topography changes wind speed.Disaster caused by a windstorm mostly occurs in narrow valley region, and upper and lower wind direction is moved towards along river valley
Microclimate monitoring station is laid respectively.
（3）Simulate the observation of strong wind zone encryption.According to the WRF strong wind areas simulated and the multiple area of actual strong wind for having observational data
Distribution situation sets microclimate observation website in the multiple area of strong wind, and according to circuit dense degree and height above sea level drop situation, does height above sea level
Gradient observation, while wind velocity gradient observation can be carried out.
（4）Different elevations are uniformly distributed observation.Height above sea level situation according to residing for transmission line of electricity, in vertical direction
The even automatic weather station point selected with different altitude height layer forms the observation network of different elevations.It is obtained by GIS data
Region height above sea level highest point and height above sea level lowest part, and be classified with 500 meters, ensure there is monitoring in the Different Altitude gradient after decomposition
Point.
2. monitoring point spatialization is expressed
1. the monitoring point Various types of data of the selection in is expressed in the form of the figure layer of space, wherein power transmission line column station is to swear
The form for measuring point stores in space, and then the mode of space lattice data first into being advanced into, and completes data to other kinds information
Pretreatment is converted to space vector form and carries out spatial analysis afterwards.
3. the space overlapping method based on monitoring point
1. all kinds of elements that will be expressed in the form of the figure layer of monitoring point space in（Including power transmission line column station, wind field data,
Topography and geomorphology data etc.）It is overlapped.The point of these superpositions is realized by the method to seek common ground while met described according to region
Selected element, the spatial data overlay analysis method based on point from numerous power transmission line column stations as shown in Figure 1, select optimal
It layouts, the platform as the installation of microclimate visualizer.
4. select optimal region
Spatial data superposition based on point, the method by seeking common ground select optimal region of layouting from the selected element in region,
The alternatively optimal region at power transmission line column station,
5. optimal tower station selection
Based on optimal selection region, the selection at power transmission line column station will combine local traffic, movable signal etc., from optimal tower station
The tower station that optimum selecting installation facility, communication signal are stablized in region is as microclimate observation system mounting platform.Observed result
As assimilation data, become more meticulous simulation of wind for WRF patterns；In observed result, respective handling is carried out to unreasonable data, is picked
The invalid data in initial data is removed, selects measuring point and the weather station that related coefficient is best as reference, interpolation valid data.
3rd, meteorological sensor is installed
According to《Surface weather observation specification》With the standard of power industry design, meteorological sensor is mounted in tower bar, and height is united
One is apart from the position on 10 meters of ground, therefore requires 10 meters of height around tower bar unobstructed around and above, such as without big tree, and accords with
Close the charged job requirements of safety.Communication, which well refers to erection place, CDMA/GPRS signals；Secondly, emergency area and strong wind area are added
Close steel tower wind velocity gradient observation, sets up 10 meters and 20 meters of two layers of observation platforms.
According to more than reconnaissance method, the present invention calculates Dali transmission line of electricity microclimate observation grid, with reference to
On-the-spot investigation result and microclimate device instrument quantity（35）, 37 websites are selected from nearly 20,000 tower stations, wherein 7 stations
Point carry out steel tower wind velocity gradient observation, obtains good early warning effect, ensure that the safety of Dali transmission line of electricity.Fig. 2 provides 33
A tower bar distribution map（4 steel towers of Erhai side 35KV circuits are not shown）.As can be seen from Figure 3 microclimate visualizer pair is utilized
Transmission line of electricity automatic weather station point with different altitude height layer carries out different elevation observations, so as to fulfill to power transmission line transportation work style
Field especially strong wind carries out early warning.Distribution of the visible selected observation steel tower on spring maximum wind field in Fig. 4.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of microclimate observation points distributing method suitable for the monitoring of complicated landform transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm comprises the following steps：
1. meteorological station routine monitoring data in collecting zone, including：In wind speed, wind direction, temperature, precipitation, air pressure and region
High-precision landform relief data, soil, vegetation, land use/cover (LUCC) data, in region Value of Remote Sensing Data and
The data of all transmission line of electricity pylon data and pylon history disaster caused by a windstorm accident in region；
2. carrying out height above sea level subregion according to topography and geomorphology data, subregion is classified using equal difference 500m, while to topography and geomorphology number
Know the real situation according to the gradient, the slope aspect data in region, statistical analysis history pylon disaster caused by a windstorm accident rate establishes gradient classification shelves
Case；
3. according to meteorological station statistics for many years, the observation of strong wind accident tower emergency area is selected as website, and according to each tower bar
Observation is encrypted in height and neighbouring wind speed, wind direction landform geographical conditions；
4. selecting mountain area, air port with a varied topography, bealock, watershed, mountain top highlight, windward slope are more as transmission line of electricity disaster caused by a windstorm
Generating region, the observation of complicated landform is as website；
5. being overlapped to the observation station point 2. 3. 4. selected, the website as obtained by seeking common ground meets regional choice, based on folded
Add as a result, it is preferred that powering, communicating well, traffic convenience establishes database as website；
6. it is preferred that verification is made an on-the-spot survey in the result of website and the progress field that intersects of model simulation results on the spot, monitoring station is finally determined
Space of points distribution scheme；
7. the installation of promoting the circulation of qi image sensor is alternatively clicked through to power transmission line column station, continuous to run, long-term observation.
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| CN110632680A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2019-12-31 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Power transmission line micro-area wind speed estimation method and system |
| CN110824585A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-21 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Method for measuring gale wind-rising mechanism of complex terrain area |
| CN111696330A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2020-09-22 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Classification method and system for wind disaster of power transmission line |
| CN113112794A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-13 | 四川省气象服务中心(四川省专业气象台 四川省气象影视中心) | Traffic accident occurrence rate prediction method based on space-time meteorological grid |
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| CN110632680B (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2022-08-19 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Power transmission line micro-area wind speed estimation method and system |
| CN111696330A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2020-09-22 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Classification method and system for wind disaster of power transmission line |
| CN111696330B (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2023-10-24 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Classification method and system for wind disaster of power transmission line |
| CN109901244A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-18 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of power transmission line in high altitude region gale monitoring points distributing method and device |
| CN109901244B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-07-27 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | High-altitude area power transmission line strong wind monitoring and point distribution method and device |
| CN110824585A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-21 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Method for measuring gale wind-rising mechanism of complex terrain area |
| CN113112794A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-13 | 四川省气象服务中心(四川省专业气象台 四川省气象影视中心) | Traffic accident occurrence rate prediction method based on space-time meteorological grid |
| CN114282392A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-05 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Point distribution method for observing earth-gas interaction process of high and cold lake |
| CN114997547A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-09-02 | 国能日新科技股份有限公司 | Meteorological acquisition terminal stationing method and device |
| CN114997547B (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-10-11 | 国能日新科技股份有限公司 | Meteorological acquisition terminal stationing method and device |
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