CN108055361B - Virtual machine positioning method using public service - Google Patents
Virtual machine positioning method using public service Download PDFInfo
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- CN108055361B CN108055361B CN201711163028.7A CN201711163028A CN108055361B CN 108055361 B CN108055361 B CN 108055361B CN 201711163028 A CN201711163028 A CN 201711163028A CN 108055361 B CN108055361 B CN 108055361B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/45—Network directories; Name-to-address mapping
- H04L61/4505—Network directories; Name-to-address mapping using standardised directories; using standardised directory access protocols
- H04L61/4511—Network directories; Name-to-address mapping using standardised directories; using standardised directory access protocols using domain name system [DNS]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45504—Abstract machines for programme code execution, e.g. Java virtual machine [JVM], interpreters, emulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L2101/00—Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
- H04L2101/60—Types of network addresses
- H04L2101/69—Types of network addresses using geographic information, e.g. room number
Abstract
The invention discloses a virtual machine positioning method using public service. The method comprises the following steps: determining a cloud host as a target virtual machine, and selecting various public network services and public network service nodes for providing corresponding services; the target virtual machine respectively accesses the corresponding public network service nodes for various public network services, records the access results of the network service nodes, and forms a geographical position ranking list which the target virtual machine possibly belongs to and a corresponding geographical position parameter list; and combining the recorded access results of accessing various public network services to judge the geographic position of the target virtual machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a virtual machine positioning technology, in particular to a virtual machine positioning method using public service.
Background
Currently, cloud services are rapidly developed, and cloud servers are purchased on demand, are flexible, easy to expand, and convenient to maintain, and are favored by numerous enterprises, personal developers and the like. In the process of utilizing the cloud server, part of users inevitably need to know the geographic position of the cloud server due to factors such as enterprise requirements, development purposes and the like. However, since the cloud server is physically inaccessible to the user, the user can only know the geographical location of the cloud server declared by the cloud service provider, and there is a trust problem for the user. Therefore, it is necessary to locate the virtual machine provided by the cloud service provider.
With the widespread use of virtual machines and the development of the internet, the following positioning methods have appeared:
1) whois database query: and inquiring the IP of the virtual machine through a public Whois database or a website providing related services, and acquiring the geographic position corresponding to the IP of the virtual machine from the database.
2) Inferring geographic location based on hostname: the virtual machine learns the geographical locations in the vicinity of the virtual machine by accessing certain targets, recording host (router) information on the access link, e.g., shorthand for the geographical locations that may be contained in the host name, etc.
3) Inferring geographic location from network structure and database information: the address division and routing in the Internet are hierarchical, so that the IP prefix information in the router can be combined with a database to know the geographic position of the virtual machine.
4) Inferring geographic location based on latency: by assuming the target host, Ping is carried out on the target host with a specific known geographical position, the processing time of Ping is obtained, and the distance between the virtual machine and the target host is known according to the Ping time.
5) The geographic location is inferred by a positioning algorithm based on probability estimation: the positioning algorithm based on probability estimation carries out positioning by counting the distribution relation between the time delay size and the geographic distance.
Although the foregoing method can determine the geographic location of the virtual machine to a certain extent, in practical applications, certain problems may exist, such as:
as for the mode 1), the position information in the Whois database is not synchronized in real time and has certain delay, and the virtual machine has the characteristics of being destroyed at any time and dynamically allocating the external network IP, so that the geographic position obtained by inquiring the database is likely to be out of date; in addition, because there is no uniform database, each IP query service provider operates separately, and the update and maintenance mechanisms are different, which results in inconsistent query results of multiple databases.
As for the mode 2), the host computers on the link are not all provided with information such as host names, and many are in security consideration and unnecessary consideration and are not provided; even if some host information is known on the link, the known host is not closest to the virtual machine on the link, and there is a large deviation in the geographical location estimation.
With respect to mode 3), the division of the network structure may cover a large area, and there may be a large deviation for the geographic location estimation; the current IPV4 address resource is exhausted, and the distribution of IPV4 addresses is increasingly loose in relation to the geographical position.
For the method 4), the target host needs to be installed in advance, and the number and the location of the installed target host have a great influence on the result.
For mode 5), the user is required to have some knowledge of machine learning; a large amount of data needs to be prepared for training in advance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a virtual machine positioning method by utilizing public service, which realizes that the geographic position of a virtual machine is deduced by combining measurement results of various public services by utilizing various existing public servers and the public service provided by the public servers.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a virtual machine positioning method using public services is characterized in that:
determining a virtual machine provided by a cloud service provider as a target virtual machine of a geographic position to be measured;
selecting a plurality of public network services, and acquiring and recording public network service nodes which can be accessed by the target virtual machine and have geographical position information for the selected public network services;
for each selected public network service, the target virtual machine accesses each public network service node in the selected public network service, the target virtual machine accesses the public network service node by using a network service protocol of the public network service, the access result of each public network service node is recorded, and a geographical position ordered list to which the target virtual machine possibly belongs and a corresponding geographical position parameter list are formed;
and screening the geographic position of the target virtual machine according to the geographic position ordered list which is possibly affiliated to the target virtual machine and is obtained by the target virtual machine in the access process and the corresponding geographic position parameter list, and judging the geographic position of the target virtual machine.
Further, the selected public network service comprises a domain name resolution service, and the corresponding selected public network service node is a DNS server; the target virtual machine acquires IP information of DNS servers corresponding to each region, and then initiates a plurality of domain name resolution requests to the IP of each DNS server.
Further, the selected public network service comprises time synchronization service, and the corresponding selected public network service node is an NTP server; the target virtual machine acquires the IP information of each NTP server and then respectively initiates a plurality of time synchronization requests to the IP of each NTP server.
Further, the selected public network service comprises a content delivery service, and the corresponding selected public network service node is a CDN node server; the target virtual machine acquires the geographic position and the IP information of each CDN node server, then requests a plurality of website domain names, and acquires the corresponding CDN node IP.
Furthermore, the time of analyzing the domain name for the target virtual machine to access the DNS server is taken as the time of the domain name analysis request of the target virtual machine from each analysis result of a plurality of times of domain name analysis requests initiated to the same DNS server; taking a domain name resolution request time with the fastest resolution as a domain name resolution request time for requesting DNS resolution from the region by a target virtual machine from domain name resolution request times of a plurality of DNS servers in the same region; and sequencing according to the domain name resolution request time of the target virtual machine and DNS servers in each region to obtain the sequence of the possible geographical positions of the target virtual machine, and forming a geographical position sequence list of the possible geographical positions of the target virtual machine.
Furthermore, from the results of multiple time synchronization requests initiated to the same NTP server, the time of the fastest synchronization request is taken as the time of the time synchronization request of the target virtual machine accessing the NTP server; selecting the NTP server nearest to each region from all the NTP servers for each region, and taking the time synchronization request time of the target virtual machine for accessing the NTP server as the time synchronization request time of the target virtual machine for accessing the region; and sequencing according to the time synchronization request time of the target virtual machine and each region to obtain the sequencing of the possible geographical positions of the target virtual machine, so as to form a geographical position sequencing list of the possible geographical positions of the target virtual machine.
Further, the returned CDN node IP of each website is obtained from the domain name resolution request result of each website, the geographical position of the returned CDN node is obtained by inquiring the corresponding relation between the collected CDN node position and the IP, and the geographical positions to which the target virtual machine possibly belongs are further obtained in a sorted mode to form a geographical position sorted list to which the target virtual machine possibly belongs.
Further, the method for determining the position of the target virtual machine includes: taking the ranking and possibility of each geographic position in a geographic position ranking list to which the target virtual machine possibly belongs, which is obtained through domain name resolution service, as a basic score of the geographic position to which the target virtual machine possibly belongs; the method comprises the steps that the ranking and the possibility of each geographic position in a geographic position ranking list which a target virtual machine possibly belongs to and obtained through time synchronization service are used as additional points of the geographic position which the target virtual machine possibly belongs to; adding the basic points and the additional points of each geographic position to obtain a total point, and sequencing each region according to the total point of each region; and taking the ranking and possible rows of each geographic position in the ranking list of the geographic positions to which the target virtual machine possibly belongs, which are obtained through the content distribution service, as the correction of the possible geographic positions of the target virtual machine, removing the geographic positions with low possibility in the ranking from the total ranking of the geographic positions, and finally, obtaining the geographic position with the optimal ranking in the total ranking, namely the target virtual geographic position.
In order to achieve the above purpose of positioning the virtual machine, the present invention needs to go through the following steps when in use:
determining a virtual machine:
the virtual machine is a cloud host, namely a target virtual machine, of the geographic position to be determined, which is provided by a cloud service provider and purchased by a user.
Selecting a public network server and equipment:
the public network service adopted in the invention is domain name resolution service, time synchronization service and content delivery service, and the corresponding public network equipment is DNS server, NTP server and CDN node server.
Acquiring DNS analysis time:
DNS servers are deployed by network operators in various regions, and the DNS servers erected by the operators have the characteristics of high stability and wide use, so that the DNS servers erected by the operators are selected. The domain name resolution request time of the target virtual machine for accessing the DNS server is related to the distance between the target virtual machine and the DNS server, so that the domain name resolution request time of the target virtual machine for accessing the DNS server can be approximate to the distance between the target virtual machine and a certain region, and further approximate to the relative distance between the target virtual machine and each region, and the distance relationship between the target virtual machine and the geographical position of each region can be obtained according to the domain name resolution request time.
Acquiring NTP processing time:
the disclosed NTP server is selected, and the time synchronization request time for the target virtual machine to perform time synchronization to the NTP server is related to the distance between the target virtual machine and the NTP server, so that the time synchronization request time for the target virtual machine to perform time synchronization to the NTP server can be similar to the time synchronization request time for the target virtual machine to correspond to the region where the NTP server is located, and the information of the possible region where the target virtual machine is located can be obtained according to the time synchronization request time.
Obtaining the CDN node position:
and selecting a CDN node server for providing a content delivery service website, wherein the content delivery is mostly adopted by the video website, so that the CDN node server deployed by the main stream video website is selected here, and the CDN node deployed by other websites or services can also be selected. The target virtual machine requests for analyzing the domain name of the website, a specific node IP is returned due to different geographic positions, and the distance relation between the target virtual machine and the geographic position of the CDN node can be obtained according to the geographic position of the returned node IP, so that the information of the region adjacent to the target virtual machine is obtained.
And (3) integrating DNS, NTP and CDN to infer the geographical position:
based on the time of the target virtual machine accessing each DNS server acquired through the DNS service, the possibility that the target virtual machine is possibly located in each region is scored as a basic score; the method comprises the steps that the possibility that a target virtual machine is possibly located in each region is scored according to time synchronization request time of the target virtual machine and each region, which is obtained through NTP service, and the additional score is added to a foundation; ranking is carried out according to the possibility of regions adjacent to the target virtual machine, which is obtained through CDN service, the ranked regions are removed from the previous score ranking, and the most optimal of the final rest ranking is the region where the target virtual machine is most likely to be located.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
the target virtual machine is positioned by utilizing the existing and open network service and network equipment, no physical equipment is additionally deployed, and no other network protocol is additionally installed and used;
the possibility that the access of the target virtual machine to the network equipment is filtered is reduced by utilizing the existing and open network service;
the target virtual machine is positioned by utilizing the cooperation of various network services and network equipment, so that the positioning accuracy is improved;
and the target virtual machine is positioned by utilizing a positioning mode except IP positioning, so that the possibility of IP position cheating is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for locating a virtual machine using public services according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a step of obtaining DNS resolution time in a virtual machine location method using public services according to the present invention;
figure 3 is a schematic flow chart showing the steps of acquiring NTP processing time in a virtual machine positioning method using public services according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a procedure of obtaining a CDN node location in a virtual machine location method using public services according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a step of inferring a geographical location by a comprehensive DNS, NTP, CDN in the virtual machine location method using public services according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail by taking virtual machines and network devices providing public services in continental china as examples, and referring to the accompanying drawings.
The method flow of the invention is shown in figure 1, and the steps comprise:
determining a virtual machine:
and (3) purchasing and acquiring a cloud host from a cloud service provider, wherein the cloud host is positioned in a certain province of China and is a target virtual machine of the geographic position to be measured.
Selecting a public network server and equipment:
the adopted public network services are selected as domain name resolution service, time synchronization service and content distribution service, the corresponding utilized public network equipment is a DNS (domain name system) server, an NTP (network time protocol) server and a CDN (content delivery network) node server, and the servers are all deployed in China.
As shown in fig. 2, the step of obtaining the DNS resolution time includes:
DNS server IPs of operators in various regions are collected, the positioning precision is in direct proportion to the number of the collected DNS server IPs, so that more DNS server IPs represent more accurate precision, and the collected regions and the collected IPs are stored in a DNS data file;
a DNS analysis time deducing geographic position module reads a prepared DNS data file, a target virtual machine acquires IP information of DNS servers corresponding to each region from the DNS data file, a plurality of domain name analysis requests are respectively initiated to each DNS server IP of each region, in order to ensure that the domain name analysis requests are not influenced by different domain names, the domain name in the domain name analysis requests for a plurality of times uses the same domain name, the positioning precision is in direct proportion to the times of the DNS analysis requests initiated to the same IP, and the more the times of the requests, the more accurate the result;
the time of analyzing the fastest one time is taken as the time of a target virtual machine requesting the DNS server for domain name analysis from the IP multiple request results of each IP, and the time corresponding to the IP with the fastest analysis is taken as the time of the target virtual machine requesting the DNS analysis from the region from the request results of a plurality of DNS servers IPs in each region;
and outputting the DNS analysis request time and the corresponding region information of the target virtual machine to each region to a DNS result file.
As shown in fig. 3, the step of acquiring NTP processing time includes:
collecting public NTP server IP and geographic position thereof, selecting NTP server nearest to each region according to the adjacent relation between each region and the geographic position of NTP server, and storing the collected NTP server IP address, geographic position thereof and NTP server information nearest to each region into NTP data file;
the NTP synchronization time deduces the geographic position module to read the NTP data file prepared, the target virtual machine obtains the IP address of the NTP server from the NTP data file, a plurality of time synchronization requests are initiated to each NTP server, and the positioning precision is in direct proportion to the times of the time synchronization requests initiated to the same NTP server;
taking the time of processing the fastest time among a plurality of requests initiated by the target virtual machine to each NTP server as the time of the time synchronization request of the target virtual machine and the NTP server;
each region takes the time synchronization request time of the corresponding NTP server nearest to the region in the NTP data file as the time synchronization request time of the region, and each region and the time synchronization request time are output to the NTP result file.
As shown in fig. 4, the step of obtaining the CDN node location includes:
the method comprises the steps of collecting CDN node IPs of a plurality of websites with content delivery services, and storing collected website domain names, the CDN node IPs and information of geographical large areas where the CDN node IPs are located into a CDN data file;
the CDN node deducing geographic position module reads a prepared CDN data file, the target virtual machine acquires a domain name of a website, a CDN node IP and a geographic large area where the CDN node IP is located from the prepared CDN data file, a DNS analysis request is sent to the domain name of each video portal website, the CDN node IP is acquired from a returned result, the obtained CDN node IP is compared with the CDN node IP in the CDN data file, the geographic large area corresponding to the CDN node IP in the returned result is acquired, and a unit is added to the possibility of the corresponding geographic large area;
all the possibilities for the geographical large area are exported to the CDN result file.
As shown in fig. 5, the step of the location analysis module integrating DNS, NTP, CDN to infer the geographic location includes:
reading domain name resolution request time of each region from a DNS result file as a basic score of each region;
reading time synchronization request time of each region from the NTP result file as an additional point of each region;
adding the basic score and the additional score to obtain a total score, and sequencing the total scores of all regions according to a rule from small to large;
reading the possibility of each geographical large area from the CDN result file, selecting the large areas with the third possibility ranking to the last possibility ranking, and removing the areas in the large areas from the areas with the total division ranking; for example, when a request is made to analyze a cool domain name youku.com, a cool CDN node IP is returned, and the relationship data between the acquired CDN node IP and a geographic location is compared to obtain that the node IP is located in a certain area, for example, beijing, and then 1 is added to the possibility of north china, which is a geographic large area where beijing is located, and so on, to obtain the possibility of all geographic large areas, and the possibility is output to a CDN result file. The reason why the prior total score ranking is rejected by the geographical large area with the ranked low possibility is that the prior total score ranking has high credibility, and the result of the CDN is not expected to have a large influence on the prior total score ranking and is only used as a correction, so that the geographical large area with the low possibility is selected to reject the region with the high possibility of actually being wrong in the prior total score ranking.
The most ranked of the rest regions is the region where the target virtual machine is most likely to be located.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and a person skilled in the art can make modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be determined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A virtual machine positioning method using public services is characterized in that:
determining a virtual machine provided by a cloud service provider as a target virtual machine of a geographic position to be measured;
selecting a plurality of public network services, and acquiring and recording public network service nodes which can be accessed by the target virtual machine and have geographical position information for the selected public network services;
for each selected public network service, the target virtual machine accesses each public network service node in the selected public network service, the target virtual machine accesses the public network service node by using a network service protocol of the public network service, the access result of each public network service node is recorded, and a geographical position ordered list to which the target virtual machine possibly belongs and a corresponding geographical position parameter list are formed;
and screening the geographic position of the target virtual machine according to the geographic position ordered list which is possibly affiliated to the target virtual machine and is obtained by the target virtual machine in the access process and the corresponding geographic position parameter list, and judging the geographic position of the target virtual machine.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected public network service comprises a domain name resolution service, the corresponding selected public network service node being a DNS server; the target virtual machine acquires IP information of DNS servers corresponding to each region, and then initiates a plurality of domain name resolution requests to the IP of each DNS server.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected public network service comprises a time synchronization service, the corresponding selected public network service node being an NTP server; the target virtual machine acquires the IP information of each NTP server and then respectively initiates a plurality of time synchronization requests to the IP of each NTP server.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected public network service comprises a content delivery service, the corresponding selected public network service node being a CDN node server; the target virtual machine acquires the geographic position and the IP information of each CDN node server, then requests a plurality of website domain names, and acquires the corresponding CDN node IP.
5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, from the resolution results of a plurality of times of domain name resolution requests initiated to the same DNS server, the time of resolving the fastest time is taken as the domain name resolution request time of the target virtual machine accessing the DNS server; taking a domain name resolution request time with the fastest resolution as a domain name resolution request time for requesting DNS resolution from the region by a target virtual machine from domain name resolution request times of a plurality of DNS servers in the same region; and sequencing according to the domain name resolution request time of the target virtual machine and DNS servers in each region to obtain the sequence of the possible geographical positions of the target virtual machine, and forming a geographical position sequence list of the possible geographical positions of the target virtual machine.
6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, from the results of a plurality of time synchronization requests initiated to the same NTP server, the time of the fastest synchronization request is taken as the time of the time synchronization request of the target virtual machine accessing the NTP server; selecting the nearest NTP server from all the NTP servers for each region, and taking the time synchronization request time of the target virtual machine for accessing the nearest NTP server selected for the region as the time synchronization request time of the target virtual machine for accessing the region; and sequencing according to the time synchronization request time of the target virtual machine and each region to obtain the sequencing of the possible geographical positions of the target virtual machine, so as to form a geographical position sequencing list of the possible geographical positions of the target virtual machine.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the returned CDN node IP of each website is obtained from the domain name resolution request result of each website, the geographical position of the returned CDN node is obtained by querying the acquired corresponding relation between the CDN node position and the IP, and the geographical positions to which the target virtual machine possibly belongs are further obtained and sorted to form a geographical position sorted list to which the target virtual machine possibly belongs.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the location of the target virtual machine is by: taking the ranking and possibility of each geographic position in a geographic position ranking list to which the target virtual machine possibly belongs, which is obtained through domain name resolution service, as a basic score of the geographic position to which the target virtual machine possibly belongs; the method comprises the steps that the ranking and the possibility of each geographic position in a geographic position ranking list which a target virtual machine possibly belongs to and obtained through time synchronization service are used as additional points of the geographic position which the target virtual machine possibly belongs to; adding the basic points and the additional points of each geographic position to obtain a total point, and sequencing each region according to the total point of each region; the method comprises the steps of taking the ranking and possibility of each geographic position in a ranking list of the geographic positions to which a target virtual machine possibly belongs, which are obtained through content distribution service, as the correction of the possible geographic positions of the target virtual machine, removing the geographic positions with low possibility in the ranking from the total ranking of the geographic positions, and finally, obtaining the geographic position of the target virtual machine with the optimal ranking in the total ranking.
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| CN108174627A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2018-06-15 | 尤比库姆特有限责任公司 | The location determination of measurements of arrival time is used in WLAN |
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| US8929377B2 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2015-01-06 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for automatic rack detection |
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| CN102387205A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-03-21 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Method and device for locating position of virtual machine |
| CN104322034A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-01-28 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for determining geographical position of UC terminal |
| CN108174627A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2018-06-15 | 尤比库姆特有限责任公司 | The location determination of measurements of arrival time is used in WLAN |
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