CN108037666A - A kind of dust from construction sites automatically controls Threshold Analysis and dynamic control method - Google Patents
A kind of dust from construction sites automatically controls Threshold Analysis and dynamic control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108037666A CN108037666A CN201711337653.9A CN201711337653A CN108037666A CN 108037666 A CN108037666 A CN 108037666A CN 201711337653 A CN201711337653 A CN 201711337653A CN 108037666 A CN108037666 A CN 108037666A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
- G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
- G05B13/04—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
- G05B13/042—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators in which a parameter or coefficient is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H3/00—Applying liquids to roads or like surfaces, e.g. for dust control; Stationary flushing devices
- E01H3/04—Fixed devices, e.g. permanently- installed flushing means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of dust from construction sites to automatically control Threshold Analysis and dynamic control method, specifically includes following steps：Airborne dust data acquisition；Evaluation index is chosen, and the data analysis gathered according to the first step calculates airborne dust and automatically controls threshold value；Dust falling device is installed：Horizontal layout is carried out to the building site of application automatic dustfall system, the device of spray dust is installed；Arrange field monitoring sensor：Set up automatic control system：Data collection station is realized by the way of being wirelessly transferred with monitoring the data transfer of sensor, and realize and couple with monitor terminal and dust falling device is automatically controlled.The depositing dust obtained in second step is automatically controlled into threshold value and is arranged on data collection station, that is, completes the establishment of automatic control system.Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Construction site airborne dust Contribution Rate, automatic monitoring and control are realized, practicality is good, has a wide range of application.Pass through the application of the present invention；Traditional artificial mode is may replace, reduces cost of labor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building engineering construction field, and in particular to a kind of dust from construction sites automatically controls Threshold Analysis and dynamic
Control method.
Background technology
According to《Ambient air quality》(GB3095-2012) require：The whole nation will increase PM2.5 conducts from 2016
Evaluation of Atmospheric Environmental Quality index, the source resolution research of city PM2.5 for this reason, Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection and some key cities take the lead in having carried out
Work.Drawn from the 9 city PM2.5 source resolution data analyses announced at present：City raised dust is in urban environment air
The contribution rate 10-40% of PM2.5, and the main source of city raised dust is dust from construction sites and dust on the roads.In this context, political affairs
Mansion is just progressively increasing the monitoring and management of construction dust from construction sites, and substantial amounts of policies and regulations have also been put into effect to promote to construct in place
Enterprise, which adopts an effective measure, controls construction fugitive dust and dust on the roads.
It is contemplated that dust from construction sites and dust on the roads will become city manager's concern during " 13 " important content it
One, in particular with《Ambient air quality》(GB3095-2012) will implement in the whole nations in 2016.In view of the standard has
The requirement enforced, and consider that dust from construction sites and dust on the roads are one of main source of PM2.5 in urban environment air, because
This, governments at all levels will take more compulsive measures to come prevention and control dust from construction sites and dust on the roads.
At present, the control measure of most of construction site airborne dusts generally have road hardening, interim covering, enclose shelves, spray temporarily
Mist depositing dust, water sprinkling path, wheel rinse and hang Dense mesh screen etc., but the control of above-mentioned facility (measure) still mainly passes through people with implementing
Work mode, is not implemented automated control.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, there is provided a kind of to may replace artificial dust from construction sites automatic
Control threshold is analyzed and dynamic control method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of dust from construction sites automatically controls Threshold Analysis and dynamic control method, bag
Include following steps：
The first step, airborne dust data acquisition
(1) sample：One group of building site is chosen as monitoring point in the same area：
(2) data acquisition：Airborne dust concentration namely TSP and PM2.5 particle concentrations to different construction stage monitoring points into
Row is monitored and recorded, and records corresponding air humidity and ground dry and wet degree at the same time；
Second step, choose evaluation index, and the data analysis gathered according to the first step calculates airborne dust and automatically controls threshold value；
3rd step, installation dust falling device：Horizontal layout is carried out to the building site of application automatic dustfall system, spray dust is installed
Device；
4th step, arrangement field monitoring sensor：Boundary installation monitoring sensor at the construction field (site)；And main production at the scene
The dirt pits such as installation such as carpenter's processing workshop, masonry processing workshop, construction road monitoring sensor；
5th step, set up automatic control system：Realize that data collection station is sensed with monitoring by the way of being wirelessly transferred
The data transfer of device, and realize and to couple with monitor terminal and dust falling device is automatically controlled.The drop that will be obtained in second step
Dirt automatically controls threshold value and is arranged on data collection station, that is, completes the establishment of automatic control system.
By such scheme, in step 2, the specific selection process of evaluation index is：
The analysis calculating process that airborne dust automatically controls threshold value is：By the statistics first step collection of air humidity grade separation
The monitoring data of TSP and PM2.5, and difference is sought with the background value of monitoring point region, namely upwind monitor value, obtain by
△ TSP and △ the PM2.5 data of air humidity statistic of classification；It is 70- to calculate humidity level according to △ TSP and △ PM2.5 data
Construction fugitive dust contribution rate under the conditions of 80%, integrated application normal distribution method and ABC administrative laws, pair are with air humidity grade
The corresponding monitoring data processing and sorting of 70-80%, draws and automatically controls threshold value during atomizing de-dusting.
By such scheme, the detailed process using normal distribution method processing and sorting is：Humidity level is used as 70-80%'s
The difference of airborne dust monitor value and background value automatically controls threshold value as atomizing de-dusting：△ TSP and the △ PM2.5 obtained according to (2)
Data, construction fugitive dust contribution rate is calculated using following formula：
To the air humidity that draws 70-80% construction fugitive dust contribution rate, using normal distribution method to monitoring data into
Row statistical analysis, can draw the concentration distribution of construction fugitive dust under ambient humidity 70-80% states；Further according to ABC classification method
Statistical rules, by airborne dust concentration cumulative frequency 0-80% scopes be set to A classes problem carry out key-point management, that is, draw spray drop
Threshold value, including a upper limit value and a lower limit are automatically controlled during dirt.
By such scheme, in the first step (2), each construction stage at least 3 monitoring points monitor at the same time, record each prison
Measuring point is constructed when small not less than 8 the data of the TSP and PM2.5 particulate matters under the conditions of duration, and corresponding air humidity and
Ground dry and wet degree.
By such scheme, in the first step (1), monitoring point is no less than 9.
By such scheme, in the 5th step, when monitoring sensor is by the monitor value data sending collected to data acquisition
Terminal, the calculated value that data collection station is analyzed according to monitor value are automatically controlled more than when automatically controlling upper threshold value
System will start atomizing de-dusting apparatus spray dust；When the calculated value that data collection station is analyzed according to monitor value is less than certainly
During dynamic control threshold lower limit, automatic control system will close atomizing de-dusting equipment.
By such scheme, in the third step, the specific placement process of dust falling device is：
(1) reasonable Arrangement scene tower crane：In the case where meeting produced on-site needs, it is desirable to which the tower crane of laying can maximum journey
The dust points such as degree ground covering construction site region, processing district and each operation side, to reduce the input of spray equipment；
(2) cistern is provided：Tower crane/outrigger nearby sets cistern, or the cistern set with building periphery yet to be built to be total to
With for tower crane/outrigger spray equipment water supply；
(3) spray equipment is set：Installed on the big position of coverage or equipment, such as tower crane, outrigger, for that can not cover
Other main dust points of lid, spray dust is carried out using portable fog gun；
(4) dynamic arranged according to construction stage place, facility adjusts, and live adjustment is carried out to spray equipment：In the earthwork
Construction stage, spray equipment are arranged on live tower crane, or using portable fog gun；In the main body construction stage, spray equipment cloth
It is placed on tower crane；In the decoration construction stage, can be filled to outrigger periphery by the spray piping of tower crane.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1) dust from construction sites provided by the invention automatically controls Threshold Analysis and dynamic control method, realizes construction site and raises
Dirt Contribution Rate, automatic monitoring and control, practicality is good, has a wide range of application.Pass through the application of the present invention；It may replace traditional people
Work mode, reduces cost of labor；
2) it is of the present invention to automatically control threshold value, consider various factors acquisition, good reliability, feasibility height；
3) control method of the present invention is suitable for all kinds of civil building engineerings of different regions, industrial building engineering
Airborne dust monitors and control, especially earthwork construction stage and main structure construction stage.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention is further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of dust from construction sites as shown in Figure 1 automatically controls Threshold Analysis and dynamic control method, comprises the following steps：
The first step, airborne dust data acquisition
1) sample：One group of building site is chosen as monitoring point (being no less than 9) in the same area：
2) data acquisition：Airborne dust concentration namely TSP and PM2.5 particles using filter membrane method to different construction stage monitoring points
Thing concentration is monitored, and at least 5 monitoring points monitor at the same time every time in each building site, record each monitoring point not less than 8
The data of TSP and PM2.5 particle concentrations under the conditions of hour construction duration, and air humidity.The specific prison of each monitoring point
Location is put including construction road, boundary surrounding enclosure wall side (boundary upwind position) in job workshop, operation side, field
Deng；Each monitoring position in the case of normal construction by being monitored, and the data for monitor and gathering are no less than 10 groups；
Second step, airborne dust automatically control the analysis and calculating of threshold value
1) monitoring data gathered using induction to the first step are arranged, according to monitoring position and Analysis on monitoring data
Which position of construction site is main dust point, and the key monitoring object using the position as the dust controlling stage；
2) automatic control parameter is chosen：In construction fugitive dust automatic control process, a control threshold need to be set to carry out
The automated control of airborne dust facility.Control threshold can use the absolute value or actual monitoring value and the difference of background value of actual monitoring value
Value, exist when considering monitor value absolute value as evaluation index causes to automatically control because surrounding air background value is exceeded in itself
The possibility that system starts for a long time, therefore actual monitoring value and the difference of background value are used as evaluation index, with △ TSP and △
PM2.5 is represented；
For construction site dust controlling using atomizing de-dusting as main means, its dominant mechanism is increase air humidity to promote to raise
The combination of dirt particle and aqueous vapor reaches depositing dust purpose, therefore in monitoring process, the change of air humidity is recorded, with air humidity
Height simulates spray intensity, and air humidity is that spray intensity is big greatly, and air humidity small i.e. spray intensity is small or without starting spray
Mist measure.The data collected for the first step, using induction, by the prison of air humidity grade separation statistics TSP and PM2.5
Data are surveyed, and difference is sought with the background value (i.e. upwind monitor value) of application city (or region), air humidity grade is pressed in formation
(grade classification is 6 classes, i.e.,：Less than 50%, 50-60%, 60-70%, 70-80%, 80-90%, more than 90%) statistic of classification
△ TSP and △ PM2.5 data (difference of monitor value and background value).
(3) analysis calculating automatically controls threshold value：Consider influence of the air humidity to human body (in general, air humidity exists
50%~60% is the suitable ambient humidity of human body, and it is humidity that air humidity, which is more than 75%), on the basis for ensuring dust-laying effect
On, by live humid control 75% or so, therefore humidity level is used as the airborne dust monitor value and background value under 70-80% states
Difference automatically control threshold value as atomizing de-dusting.According to △ TSP and △ the PM2.5 data obtained in (2), calculated using following formula
Construction fugitive dust contribution rate：
Wherein, n refers to monitor total sample size；The construction fugitive dust contribution rate drawn to air humidity under the conditions of 70-80%,
Statistical analysis is carried out to monitoring data using normal distribution method, show that construction fugitive dust of the air humidity under 70-80% states is dense
Degree distribution；Further according to the statistical rules of ABC classification method, airborne dust concentration cumulative frequency is set to A classes in 0-80% scopes and is asked
Inscribe (i.e. main problem) and carry out key-point management, that is, draw the threshold value that automatically controls during atomizing de-dusting, including a upper limit value and one
A lower limit (the 80% of lower limit capping value).
3rd step, dust falling device arrangement
(1) reasonable Arrangement scene tower crane：In the case where meeting produced on-site needs, it is desirable to which the tower crane of laying can maximum journey
The dust points such as degree ground covering construction site region, processing district and each operation side, to reduce the input of spray equipment.
(2) cistern is provided：Tower crane/outrigger nearby sets cistern (can be steel water tank or brick pond), or with treating
The cistern that building periphery is set shares, to supply water for tower crane/outrigger spray equipment；Spray head is set by the spacing of 4m.
(3) spray equipment is set：Pay the utmost attention to install on the big position of coverage or equipment, it is right such as tower crane, outrigger
In other the main dust points that can not be covered, portable fog gun can be used to carry out spray dust.
(4) dynamic arranged according to construction stage place, facility adjusts, and live adjustment is carried out to spray equipment：In the earthwork
Construction stage, spray equipment are arranged on live tower crane, or using portable fog gun；In the main body construction stage, spray equipment cloth
It is placed on tower crane；The spray piping of tower crane, can be filled to outrigger (climbing frame) periphery by the decoration construction stage, as outrigger (climbing frame) is removed
Still there is necessity of dust controlling afterwards, spray piping can be installed along parapet structural perimeter.
4th step, field monitoring point arrangement：According to live boundary scope, prison is installed at the scene at surrounding boundary medium position
Sensor is surveyed, the height for monitoring sensor is higher than the height of live boundary enclosure wall, and does not influence site operation or current；And existing
The main dust point in the field such as installation such as carpenter's processing workshop, masonry processing workshop, construction road monitoring sensor.
5th step, set up automatic control system：Automatic control system realizes data acquisition end by the way of being wirelessly transferred
End and the data transfer of monitoring sensor, and realize and couple with monitor terminal and dust falling device is automatically controlled.By second
The depositing dust obtained in step automatically controls threshold value and is arranged on data collection station, that is, completes the establishment of automatic control system.Start certainly
Autocontrol system, monitoring sensor by the monitor value data sending collected to data collection station, data collection station according to
For the calculated value that monitor value is analyzed more than when automatically controlling upper threshold value, automatic control system will start atomizing de-dusting apparatus
Spray dust；When the calculated value that data collection station is analyzed according to monitor value is less than bottom threshold value is automatically controlled, from
Autocontrol system will close atomizing de-dusting equipment.
Finally it should be noted that these are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to limit the invention, although
The present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment, for those skilled in the art, it still can be to foregoing
Technical solution described in each embodiment is modified, or to which part technical characteristic carry out equivalent substitution, but it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should be included in the protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of dust from construction sites automatically controls Threshold Analysis and dynamic control method, it is characterised in that specifically includes following steps：
The first step, airborne dust data acquisition
(1) sample：One group of building site is chosen as monitoring point in the same area：
(2) data acquisition：The airborne dust concentration namely TSP and PM2.5 particle concentrations of different construction stage monitoring points are supervised
Survey and record, and record corresponding air humidity and ground dry and wet degree at the same time；
Second step, choose evaluation index, and the data analysis gathered according to the first step calculates airborne dust and automatically controls threshold value；
3rd step, installation dust falling device：Horizontal layout is carried out to the building site of application automatic dustfall system, setting for spray dust is installed
Standby or device；
4th step, arrangement field monitoring sensor：Boundary installation monitoring sensor at the construction field (site)；And main dust point at the scene
Such as carpenter's processing workshop, masonry processing workshop, construction road installation monitoring sensor；
5th step, set up automatic control system：Realize data collection station with monitoring sensor by the way of being wirelessly transferred
Data transfer, and realize and to couple with monitor terminal and dust falling device is automatically controlled.By the depositing dust obtained in second step certainly
Dynamic control threshold is arranged on data collection station, that is, completes the establishment of automatic control system.
2. dust from construction sites as claimed in claim 1 automatically controls Threshold Analysis and dynamic control method, it is characterised in that in step
In rapid two, the specific selection process of evaluation index is：
The analysis calculating process that airborne dust automatically controls threshold value is：By air humidity grade separation statistics the first step collection TSP and
The monitoring data of PM2.5, and difference is sought with the background value of monitoring point region, namely upwind monitor value, obtain by air
△ TSP and △ the PM2.5 data of humidity statistic of classification；It is 70-80% to calculate humidity level according to △ TSP and △ PM2.5 data
Under the conditions of construction fugitive dust contribution rate, integrated application normal distribution method and ABC administrative laws pair are 70- with air humidity grade
80% corresponding monitoring data processing and sorting, draws and automatically controls threshold value during atomizing de-dusting.
3. dust from construction sites as claimed in claim 2 automatically controls Threshold Analysis and dynamic control method, it is characterised in that utilizes
The detailed process of normal distribution method processing and sorting is：Humidity level is used as the airborne dust monitor value of 70-80% and the difference of background value
Threshold value is automatically controlled as atomizing de-dusting：△ TSP and △ the PM2.5 data obtained according to (2), calculate construction using following formula and raise
Dirt contribution rate：
To the air humidity that draws in the construction fugitive dust contribution rate of 70-80%, united using normal distribution method to monitoring data
Meter analysis, can draw the concentration distribution of construction fugitive dust under ambient humidity 70-80% states；Further according to the system of ABC classification method
Meter rule, is set to A classes problem in 0-80% scopes by airborne dust concentration cumulative frequency and carries out key-point management, that is, when drawing atomizing de-dusting
Automatically control threshold value, including a upper limit value and a lower limit.
4. dust from construction sites as claimed in claim 1 automatically controls Threshold Analysis and dynamic control method, it is characterised in that
In one step (2), each construction stage at least 3 monitoring points monitor at the same time, when recording each monitoring point and constructing when small not less than 8
The data of TSP and PM2.5 particulate matters under elongate member, and corresponding air humidity and ground dry and wet degree.
5. dust from construction sites as claimed in claim 1 automatically controls Threshold Analysis and dynamic control method, it is characterised in that
In one step (1), monitoring point is no less than 9.
6. dust from construction sites as claimed in claim 1 automatically controls Threshold Analysis and dynamic control method, it is characterised in that
In five steps, when monitoring sensor by the monitor value data sending collected to data collection station, data collection station is according to prison
For the calculated value that measured value is analyzed more than when automatically controlling upper threshold value, automatic control system will start atomizing de-dusting apparatus spray
Drench depositing dust；When the calculated value that data collection station is analyzed according to monitor value is less than bottom threshold value is automatically controlled, automatically
Control system will close atomizing de-dusting equipment.
7. dust from construction sites as claimed in claim 1 automatically controls Threshold Analysis and dynamic control method, it is characterised in that
In three steps, the specific placement process of dust falling device is：
(1) reasonable Arrangement scene tower crane：In the case where meeting produced on-site needs, it is desirable to which the tower crane of laying can be farthest
The dust points such as construction site region, processing district and each operation side are covered, to reduce the input of spray equipment；
(2) cistern is provided：Tower crane/outrigger nearby sets cistern, or the cistern set with building periphery yet to be built to share, and is
Tower crane/outrigger spray equipment supplies water；
(3) spray equipment is set：Installed on the big position of coverage or equipment, such as tower crane, outrigger, for what can not be covered
Other main dust points, spray dust is carried out using portable fog gun；
(4) dynamic arranged according to construction stage place, facility adjusts, and live adjustment is carried out to spray equipment：In earthwork construction
Stage, spray equipment are arranged on live tower crane, or using portable fog gun；In the main body construction stage, spray equipment is arranged in
On tower crane；In the decoration construction stage, can be filled to outrigger periphery by the spray piping of tower crane.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN109752298A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-05-14 | 武汉市天虹仪表有限责任公司 | A kind of dust from construction sites particle monitoring system and method |
| CN110083181A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-02 | 滁州职业技术学院 | A kind of architecture construction building site environmental control system |
| CN110132812A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-16 | 重庆两江新区管理委员会 | A method of the improper construction in construction site is determined referring to meteorological data |
| CN110456742A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-11-15 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | A kind of detection of construction site fugitive dust and spray integral system |
| CN112486058A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-12 | 北京中铁建建筑科技有限公司 | Environmental monitoring dust fall system |
| CN116777160A (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-09-19 | 苏州傲之途智慧科技有限公司 | Environment intelligent supervision system and method for urban construction site |
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| CN116777160A (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-09-19 | 苏州傲之途智慧科技有限公司 | Environment intelligent supervision system and method for urban construction site |
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