CN108011992B - Low-delay Internet of things implementation method - Google Patents

Low-delay Internet of things implementation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108011992B
CN108011992B CN201711274462.2A CN201711274462A CN108011992B CN 108011992 B CN108011992 B CN 108011992B CN 201711274462 A CN201711274462 A CN 201711274462A CN 108011992 B CN108011992 B CN 108011992B
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address
message
mobile node
data
channel
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CN108011992A (en
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王晓喃
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Shanghai Xiner Internet Of Things Technology Co ltd
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Changshu Institute of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/02—Access restriction performed under specific conditions
    • H04W48/04—Access restriction performed under specific conditions based on user or terminal location or mobility data, e.g. moving direction, speed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/50—Address allocation
    • H04L61/5007—Internet protocol [IP] addresses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/04—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • H04W48/10—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using broadcasted information

Abstract

The invention provides a low-delay method for realizing an Internet of things, wherein the Internet of things comprises an access router, an access node and a mobile node; each mobile node is provided with a wireless interface which can adopt X channels for communication, the X channels of each mobile node are the same, each channel is uniquely identified by a channel ID c, c takes a value of 1-X, and X is a positive integer greater than 1; the mobile equipment can rapidly acquire data through the method provided by the invention, thereby reducing data communication delay and cost and improving service quality. The invention can be applied to the fields of agricultural engineering, intelligent medical treatment and the like, and has wide application prospect.

Description

Low-delay Internet of things implementation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to an implementation method, in particular to a low-delay implementation method of an Internet of things.
Background
In a typical internet of things architecture, an electronic tag has a globally unique electronic code, and is attached to an article to identify a target object. The current internet of things architecture can track the target object well, but still has the following disadvantages:
1) a user can only obtain target object information through a database server and cannot realize direct site-to-site communication with a target object;
2) the user can only inquire the information of the target object and cannot directly control the state of the target object;
3) the target object information can only be passively read by a reader-writer, and the target object cannot actively request data updating or send alarm information according to the current state.
The invention overcomes the defects, thereby realizing the real-time communication of the data of the Internet of things.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a low-delay method for realizing the Internet of things, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a low-delay method for realizing the Internet of things, wherein the Internet of things comprises an access router, an access node and a mobile node; each mobile node is configured with oneThe wireless interface can adopt X channels for communication, the X channels of each mobile node are the same, each channel is uniquely identified by a channel ID c, c takes values of 1-X, and X is a positive integer greater than 1; the access router is provided with an upstream wired interface and Y downstream wired interfaces, Y is more than or equal to 2X, each downstream wired interface is uniquely identified by an interface ID t, and t is 1 … Y; the access node is provided with an upstream wired interface and a downstream wireless interface, the upstream wired interface of the access router is connected with an internet backbone network, and the downstream wired interface of the access router is connected with the upstream wired interface of the access node; the downstream wireless interface of the access node adopts a channel for communication, the channel ID of the channel is h0, and X is more than or equal to h0 and more than or equal to 1; y downstream wired interfaces of one access router are connected with Y access nodes, and the channel ID set of communication channels of the access nodes is
Figure GDA0002545834210000011
i takes values of 1-X, U is a union symbol, namely, a set comprises X elements and natural numbers from 1 to X;
the access router, the access node and the mobile node realize data communication through addresses, and one address has the length of 128 bits and consists of a network prefix, a geographical coordinate, an access node ID and a device ID;
the network prefixes of the addresses of the upstream wired interface and the downstream wired interface of the access router are the same and preset, for example, 30ab: a: b: c: 64, after the access router is started, the addresses are configured for the upstream wired interface and the downstream wired interface, wherein the network prefix of the address of the upstream wired interface is the preset network prefix, the geographic coordinate is 0, the ID of the access node is 0, and the equipment ID is Y + 1; the network prefix of the address of each downstream wired interface is a preset network prefix, the geographic coordinate is 0, the ID of an access node is 0, and the equipment ID is the interface ID of the downstream wired interface; after configuring an address for each downstream wired interface, an access router sends a beacon message from the downstream wired interface, wherein the source address of the beacon message is the address of the downstream wired interface;
an upstream wired interface and a downstream wireless interface of an access node are respectively configured with an address; after receiving the beacon message from the upstream wired interface, the access node configures an address for the upstream wired interface and the downstream wireless interface respectively, in the address of the upstream wired interface, the network prefix is equal to the network prefix of the source address of the received beacon message, the geographic coordinate and the equipment ID are both 0, and the access node ID is the equipment ID of the source address of the received beacon message; in the address of the downstream wireless interface, the network prefix is equal to the network prefix of the source address of the received beacon message, the geographic coordinate is the current geographic coordinate of the access node, the equipment ID is 0, and the access node ID is the equipment ID of the source address of the received beacon message; after the access node configures addresses for an upstream wired interface and a downstream wireless interface, a beacon message is periodically sent by using a working channel of the downstream wireless interface; in the beacon message, the source address is the address of the downstream wireless interface, the load is a broadcast range parameter Hop, and the initial value of the parameter Hop is preset, for example, equal to 10; after receiving a beacon message, the mobile node decrements the broadcast range parameter Hop in the beacon message by 1; if the parameter Hop is equal to 0, the mobile node stops forwarding the beacon message, otherwise, the beacon message is forwarded;
the mobile node maintains a channel table and an address table, wherein one channel table item comprises a channel ID domain and a channel domain; one address table item comprises a channel ID domain, an access node address domain, a mobile node address domain and a life cycle domain; the access router maintains a device ID set to store the assigned device IDs;
after the mobile node is started, the X channels supported by the interface of the mobile node are constructed into a channel set, namely the channel set is composed of the X channels, and then the following processes are executed to create a channel table:
step 101: starting;
step 102: the mobile node sets a variable h, and the initial value of the variable is 1;
step 103: the mobile node randomly selects a channel from the channel set and creates a channel table entry, wherein the channel ID of the channel table entry is h, and the channel is the selected channel; the mobile node deletes the selected channel from the channel set and increases the value of the variable h by 1;
step 104: the mobile node judges whether the channel set is empty, if yes, step 105 is executed, otherwise step 103 is executed;
step 105: finishing;
after a mobile node is started, periodically scanning X channels, configuring a temporary address for each channel, wherein the network prefix and the ID of an access node of the temporary address are 0, the geographic coordinate is the coordinate of the current geographic position of the mobile node, the ID of equipment is a random number greater than 0, then the mobile node sends a beacon message from the channel, the source address of the beacon message is the temporary address of the channel, and the load is empty;
in the method of the invention, if the mobile node M1 receives a beacon message b1 from the access node AP1 through a channel with channel ID c, and the upstream wired interface of the access node AP1 is connected with the downstream wired interface of the access router AR1, the access node acquires the address through the following processes;
step 201: starting;
step 202: the mobile node M1 checks the address table, if there is an address table entry, the channel ID of the address table entry is c, the access node address domain value is equal to the source address of the beacon message b1, then step 203 is executed, otherwise step 204 is executed;
step 203: the mobile node M1 selects an address table entry with channel ID c and access node address domain value equal to the source address of the beacon message b1, sets the lifetime of the address table entry to the maximum value, e.g., 1s, and executes step 217;
step 204: the mobile node M1 checks the address table, if there is an address table entry whose network prefix of the mobile node address domain value is equal to the network prefix of the source address of the beacon message b1, then step 205 is executed, otherwise step 206 is executed;
step 205: the mobile node M1 selects an address table entry whose network prefix of the mobile node address domain value is equal to the network prefix of the source address of the beacon message b1, and then creates an address whose network prefix and access node ID are equal to the network prefix of the source address of the beacon message b1 and access node ID, the geographic coordinate is the current geographic coordinate of the mobile node M1, and the device ID is the device ID of the mobile node address domain value of the address table entry; the mobile node M1 creates an address table entry with a channel ID field value of c, an access node address field value equal to the source address of the beacon message b1, and a mobile node address field value equal to the constructed address, and executes step 217;
step 206: the mobile node M1 creates an address with the network prefix and the access node ID equal to those of the source address of the beacon message b1, the geographic coordinates are the current geographic coordinates of the mobile node M1, and the device ID is a random number greater than 0; the mobile node M1 sends a configuration message by using the channel identified by the channel ID c, wherein the source address of the configuration message is the constructed address, and the destination address is the source address of the beacon message b 1;
step 207: if the mobile node receives the configuration message, then step 208 is performed, otherwise step 209 is performed;
step 208: if the mobile node receiving the configuration message is within one hop of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the configuration message, directly forwarding the configuration message to the access node AP1 identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the configuration message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 207 is executed;
step 209: after receiving the configuration message, the access node AP1 forwards the configuration message to the access router AR1 through the upstream wired interface, and the access router AR1 checks whether the device ID of the source address of the configuration message is in its own device ID set; if yes, go to step 210, otherwise go to step 211;
step 210: the access router AR1 selects a random number not in its own device ID set, constructs a configuration success message, the source address of the configuration success message is the destination address of the received configuration message, the destination address of the configuration success message is the source address of the received configuration message, the load is the selected random number, then the access router AR1 sends the configuration success message from the downstream wired interface identified by the access node ID of the destination address of the received configuration message, and adds the selected random number into its own device ID set, and executes step 212;
step 211: the access router AR1 constructs a configuration success message, the source address of the configuration success message is the destination address of the received configuration message, the destination address of the configuration success message is the source address of the received configuration message, the load is empty, then the configuration success message is sent from the downstream wired interface identified by the access node ID of the destination address of the received configuration message, and the device ID of the source address of the received configuration message is added into the device ID set of the access router;
step 212: after receiving the configuration success message, the access node AP1 performs step 213, otherwise performs step 214;
step 213: if the access node AP1 is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the configuration success message, forwarding the configuration success message to the mobile node M1 identified by the destination address through a downstream wireless interface, otherwise forwarding the configuration success message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address through the downstream wireless interface; step 212 is executed;
step 214: if the mobile node M1 receives the configuration success message, step 216 is executed, otherwise step 215 is executed;
step 215: if the mobile node receiving the configuration success message is within one hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the configuration success message, directly forwarding the configuration success message to the mobile node M1 identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the configuration success message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 212 is executed;
step 216: after the mobile node M1 receives the configuration success message through the channel with the channel ID of c, if the configuration success message load is empty, an address table entry is created, the channel ID of the address table entry is c, the access node address domain value is equal to the source address of the configuration success message, and the mobile node address domain value is equal to the destination address of the configuration success message; otherwise, the mobile node M1 creates an address whose network prefix and access node ID are equal to those of the destination address of the configuration success message, whose geographic coordinates are the current geographic coordinates of the mobile node M1, whose device ID is the random number in the configuration success message load, and then the mobile node M1 creates an address table entry whose channel ID is c, whose access node address domain value is equal to the source address of the configuration success message, whose address domain value is equal to the created address;
step 217: and (6) ending.
The mobile node can rapidly configure the address through the above process to acquire the data.
In the method of the present invention, if the mobile node M1 detects that the life cycle decay of the address table entry E1 is 0, the following operations are performed to recover the device ID;
step 301: starting;
step 302: the mobile node M1 checks the address table, if the network prefix of the mobile node address domain value of another address table entry is equal to the network prefix of the mobile node address domain value of the address table entry E in addition to the address table entry E1, then step 307 is executed, otherwise step 303 is executed;
step 303: the mobile node M1 sends a deletion message through the channel identified by the channel ID of the address table entry E1, the source address of the deletion message is the mobile node address domain value of the address table entry E1, the destination address is the access node address domain value of the address table entry E1, and the load is null; the mobile node M1 deletes the address table entry E1 from the address table;
step 304: if the mobile node receives the delete message, then step 305 is performed, otherwise step 306 is performed;
step 305: if the mobile node receiving the deletion message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the deletion message, directly forwarding the deletion message to the destination access node identified by the destination address, executing step 306, otherwise forwarding the deletion message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address, and executing step 304;
step 306: after receiving the deletion message, the destination access node forwards the deletion message to a connected access router through an upstream wired interface, and after receiving the deletion message, the access router deletes the equipment ID of the source address of the deletion message from the equipment ID set of the access router;
step 307: and (6) ending.
The above process may implement address reclamation to ensure that the mobile node can successfully acquire the configured address.
In the method of the invention, when one type of data is uniquely identified by a data ID, one type of data can be decomposed into more than one data block, each data block is identified by a data block ID, data D1 is uniquely identified by a data ID DID1, the length of data D1 is greater than a predetermined value, such as 1GB, under the condition that an interface of a mobile node M1 can communicate through an X channel, after the mobile node M1 generates data D1, an address table is checked, if the total number of address table entries in the address table is Z, the mobile node M1 averagely divides the data D1 into Z data blocks C1kK takes values of 1-Z, data block CkUniquely identified by a data block ID k; the mobile node M1 then uploads the data D1 to the server S1 by:
step 401: starting;
step 402: the mobile node M1 sets the parameter c1 and the parameter k1, and the initial values of the parameter c1 and the parameter k1 are 1;
step 403: the mobile node M1 selects all address table entries having a channel ID domain value equal to c1, and for each selected address table entry, the mobile node M1 performs the following: constructing a data message, the source address of the data message is the domain value of the mobile node address of the address table item, the destination address is the domain value of the access node address of the address table item, and the load is data ID DID1, data block ID k1, and data block C identified by data block ID k1k1And the address of the server S1, the data message is sent from the channel identified by the channel ID of the address table entry, and the parameter k1 is incremented by 1;
step 404: the mobile node M1 increments the parameter c1 by 1, if the parameter c1 is greater than X, then step 405 is performed, otherwise step 403 is performed;
step 405: if the mobile node receives the data message, then go to step 406, otherwise go to step 407;
step 406: if the mobile node receiving the data message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the data message, directly forwarding the data message to a destination access node identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the data message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 405 is executed;
step 407: after receiving the data message, the destination access node updates the destination address of the data message to the address of the server S1 in the data message load and deletes the address of the server S1 from the message load, then forwards the data message to the connected access router through the upstream wired interface, after receiving the data message from the downstream wired interface, the access router forwards the data message through the upstream wired interface, and the data message finally reaches the server S1 through the internet backbone network;
step 408: after the server S1 receives the data message, saving the data blocks in the data message, if the server S1 receives all Z data blocks of the data D1, executing the step 409, otherwise executing the step 405;
step 409: and (6) ending.
The process can quickly upload the data to the server so as to quickly acquire the data.
In the method of the invention, under the condition that the data D2 is uniquely identified by the data ID DID2, the length of the data D2 is smaller than a preset value, for example, 1GB, and the interface of the mobile node M1 can communicate through an X channel, after the mobile node M1 generates the data D2, a free channel is randomly selected, the channel ID of the channel is C2, then the mobile node M1 looks up an address table, selects all address table entries with the channel ID domain value equal to C2, if the total number of all address table entries with the channel ID domain value equal to C2 is Z2, the mobile node M1 averagely divides the data D2 into Z2 data blocks C2x1X1 ═ 1 … Z2, data block Cx1Uniquely identified by data block ID x 1; the mobile node M1 creates a set of address table entries consisting of Z2 address table entries having a channel ID domain value equal to c2, and then the mobile node M1 uploads the data D2 to the server S1 by:
step 501: starting;
step 502: the mobile node M1 sets a parameter k2, the initial value of the parameter k2 being 1;
step 503: the mobile node M1 randomly selects an address table entry from the address table entry set, and performs the following operations: constructing a data message, the source address of the data message is the mobile node address domain value of the address table item, the destination address is the access node address domain value of the address table item, and the load is the data block C identified by the data ID DID2, the data block ID k2 and the data block ID k2k2And the address of the server S1, the data message is sent from the channel identified by the channel ID of the address table entry, meanwhile, the parameter k2 is increased by 1, and the randomly selected address table entry is deleted from the address table entry set;
step 504: if the address table entry set is empty, go to step 505, otherwise go to step 503;
step 505: if the mobile node receives the data message, go to step 506, otherwise go to step 507;
step 506: if the mobile node receiving the data message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the data message, directly forwarding the data message to a destination access node identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the data message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 505 is executed;
step 507: after receiving the data message from the downstream wireless interface, the destination access node updates the destination address of the data message to the address of the server S1 in the data message load and deletes the address of the server S1 from the message load, and then forwards the data message to the connected access router through the upstream wired interface, after receiving the data message from the downstream wired interface, the access router forwards the data message through the upstream wired interface, and the data message finally reaches the server S1 through the internet backbone network;
step 508: after the server S1 receives the data message, saving the data blocks in the data message, if the server S1 receives all Z2 data blocks of the data D2, executing the step 509, otherwise executing the step 505;
step 509: and (6) ending.
The process can quickly upload the data to the server so as to quickly acquire the data.
In the method of the present invention, under the condition that data D1 is uniquely identified by data ID DID1, the length of data D1 is greater than a predetermined value, for example, 1GB, and an interface of mobile node M2 can communicate through an X channel, mobile node M2 needs to acquire data D1, the total number of address table entries in an address table of mobile node M2 is Z3, mobile node M2 creates an address table entry set, which is composed of all address table entries in the address table, and mobile node M2 acquires data D1 from server S1 by the following procedures:
step 601: starting;
step 602: the mobile node M2 sets a parameter k3, the initial value of the parameter k3 being 1;
step 603: the mobile node M2 randomly selects an address table entry from the address table entry set, and performs the following operations: constructing a request message, wherein the source address of the request message is the mobile node address domain value of the address table item, the destination address is the access node address domain value of the address table item, the load is data ID DID1, the total number of the address table items is Z3, a parameter k3 and the address of a server S1, the request message is sent from a channel identified by the channel ID of the address table item, meanwhile, the parameter k3 is increased by 1, and the randomly selected address table items are deleted from the address table item set;
step 604: if the address table entry set is empty, go to step 605, otherwise go to step 603;
step 605: if the mobile node receives the request message, then go to step 606, otherwise go to step 607;
step 606: if the mobile node receiving the request message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the request message, directly forwarding the request message to a destination access node identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the request message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 605 is executed;
step 607: after receiving the request message from the downstream wireless interface, the destination access node updates the destination address of the request message to the address of the server S1 in the request message load and deletes the address of the server S1 from the message load, and then forwards the request message to the connected access router through the upstream wired interface, after receiving the request message from the downstream wired interface, the access router forwards the request message through the upstream wired interface, and the request message finally reaches the server S1 through the internet backbone network;
step 608: after the server S1 receives the request message, the server S1 stores the data ID DID1 and parameters Z3 and k3 in the request message load, and the server S1 equally divides the data D1 into Z3 data blocks Cx2X2 ═ 1 … Z3, data block Cx2Uniquely identified by data block IDx2, and then data block C with data block ID equal to k3 is selectedk3And sends a response message with the source address of the received request message, the destination address of the received request message, the payload of data block ID k3 and data block Ck3(ii) a The response message finally reaches a target access router through an internet backbone network, and the network prefix of the target access router is the same as that of the destination address of the response message; the destination access router forwards the response message through a downstream wired interface identified by the access node ID of the destination address of the response message;
step 609: after receiving the response message from the upstream wired interface, the access node performs step 610, otherwise performs step 611;
step 610: if the access node is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the response message, forwarding the response message to the mobile node M2 identified by the destination address through the downstream wireless interface, otherwise forwarding the response message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address through the downstream wireless interface; step 609 is executed;
step 611: if the mobile node M2 receives the response message, go to step 613, otherwise go to step 612;
step 612: if the mobile node receiving the response message is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the response message, forwarding the response message to the mobile node M2 identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the response message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address, and executing step 609;
step 613: after the mobile node M2 receives the response message, it saves the data blocks in the response message payload, if the mobile node M2 receives all the Z3 data blocks of the data D1, then go to step 614, otherwise go to step 608;
step 614: and (6) ending.
The mobile node can rapidly acquire data through the above process.
In the method of the invention, under the condition that data D2 is uniquely identified by data ID DID2, the length of data D2 is smaller than a predetermined value, for example, 1GB, and an interface of a mobile node M2 can communicate through an X channel, the mobile node M2 needs to acquire data D2, then the mobile node M2 randomly selects an idle channel whose channel ID is c4, then the mobile node M2 checks an address table, selects all address table entries whose channel ID domain values are equal to c4, and if the total number of all address table entries of the channel ID domain values are equal to c4 is Z4, the mobile node M2 creates an address table entry set, which is composed of Z4 address table entries whose channel ID domain values are equal to c 4; the mobile node M2 acquires the data D2 from the server S1 by:
step 701: starting;
step 702: the mobile node M2 sets a parameter k4, the initial value of the parameter k4 being 1;
step 703: the mobile node M2 randomly selects an address table entry from the address table entry set, and performs the following operations: constructing a request message, wherein the source address of the request message is the mobile node address domain value of the address table item, the destination address is the access node address domain value of the address table item, the load is data ID DID2, the total number of the address table items is Z4, a parameter k4 and the address of a server S1, the request message is sent from a channel identified by the channel ID of the address table item, meanwhile, the parameter k4 is increased by 1, and the randomly selected address table items are deleted from the address table item set;
step 704: if the address table entry set is empty, execute step 705, otherwise execute step 703;
step 705: if the mobile node receives the request message, then go to step 706, otherwise go to step 707;
step 706: if the mobile node receiving the request message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the request message, directly forwarding the request message to a destination access node identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the request message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 705 is executed;
step 707: after receiving the request message from the downstream wireless interface, the destination access node updates the destination address of the request message to the address of the server S1 in the request message load and deletes the address of the server S1 from the message load, and then forwards the request message to the connected access router through the upstream wired interface, after receiving the request message from the downstream wired interface, the access router forwards the request message through the upstream wired interface, and the request message finally reaches the server S1 through the internet backbone network;
step 708: after the server S1 receives the request message, the server S1 stores the data ID DID2 and parameters Z4 and k4 in the request message load, and the server S1 equally divides the data D2 into Z4 data blocks Cx3X3 ═ 1 … Z4 data block Cx3Uniquely identified by data block ID x3, and then data block C with data block ID equal to k4 is selectedk4And sends a response message with the source address of the received request message, the destination address of the received request message, the payload of data block ID k4 and data block Ck4(ii) a The response message finally reaches a target access router through an internet backbone network, and the network prefix of the target access router is the same as that of the destination address of the response message; the destination access router forwards the response message through a downstream wired interface identified by the access node ID of the destination address of the response message;
step 709: after judging whether the access node receives the response message from the upstream wired interface, executing step 710, otherwise executing step 711;
step 710: if the access node is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the response message, forwarding the response message to the mobile node M2 identified by the destination address through the downstream wireless interface, otherwise forwarding the response message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address through the downstream wireless interface; step 709 is executed;
step 711: if the mobile node M2 receives the response message, then step 713 is executed, otherwise step 712 is executed;
step 712: if the mobile node receiving the response message is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the response message, forwarding the response message to the mobile node M2 identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the response message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address; step 709 is executed;
step 713: after the mobile node M2 receives the response message, it saves the data blocks in the response message payload, if the mobile node M2 receives all the Z4 data blocks of the data D2, then execute step 714, otherwise execute step 708;
step 714: and (6) ending.
The mobile node can rapidly acquire data through the above process.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a low-delay Internet of things implementation method, and mobile equipment can quickly acquire data through the method provided by the invention, so that data communication delay and cost are reduced, and service quality is improved. The invention can be applied to the fields of agricultural engineering, intelligent medical treatment and the like, and has wide application prospect.
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The foregoing and/or other advantages of the invention will become further apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for creating a channel list according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of configuring an address according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of recovering addresses according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a data uploading process according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition process performed by the server according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a flow of acquiring data blocks according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition process according to the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention provides a low-delay Internet of things implementation method, and mobile equipment can quickly acquire data through the method provided by the invention, so that data communication delay and cost are reduced, and service quality is improved. The invention can be applied to the fields of agricultural engineering, intelligent medical treatment and the like, and has wide application prospect.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for creating a channel list according to the present invention. The Internet of things comprises an access router, an access node and a mobile node; each mobile node is provided with a wireless interface which can adopt X channels for communication, the X channels of each mobile node are the same, each channel is uniquely identified by a channel ID c, c takes a value of 1-X, and X is a positive integer greater than 1; the access router is provided with an upstream wired interface and Y downstream wired interfaces, Y is more than or equal to 2X, each downstream wired interface is uniquely identified by an interface ID t, and t is 1 … Y; the access node is provided with an upstream wired interface and a downstream wireless interface, the upstream wired interface of the access router is connected with an internet backbone network, and the downstream wired interface of the access router is connected with the upstream wired interface of the access node; a downstream wireless interface of an access node adopts a channel for communication, the channel ID of the channel is h, and X is more than or equal to h and more than or equal to 1; y downstream wired interfaces of one access router are connected with Y access nodes, and the channel ID set of communication channels of the access nodes is
Figure GDA0002545834210000091
The access router, the access node and the mobile node realize data communication through addresses, and one address has the length of 128 bits and consists of a network prefix, a geographical coordinate, an access node ID and a device ID;
the network prefixes of the addresses of the upstream wired interface and the downstream wired interface of the access router are the same and preset; after the access router is started, configuring addresses for an upstream wired interface and a downstream wired interface, wherein the network prefix of the address of the upstream wired interface is a preset network prefix, the geographic coordinate is 0, the ID of an access node is 0, and the ID of equipment is Y + 1; the network prefix of the address of each downstream wired interface is a preset network prefix, the geographic coordinate is 0, the ID of an access node is 0, and the equipment ID is the interface ID of the downstream wired interface; after configuring an address for each downstream wired interface, an access router sends a beacon message from the downstream wired interface, wherein the source address of the beacon message is the address of the downstream wired interface;
an upstream wired interface and a downstream wired interface of an access node are respectively configured with an address; after receiving the beacon message from the upstream wired interface, the access node configures an address for the upstream wired interface and the downstream wired interface respectively, in the address of the upstream wired interface, the network prefix is equal to the network prefix of the source address of the received beacon message, the geographic coordinate and the equipment ID are both 0, and the access node ID is the equipment ID of the source address of the received beacon message; in the addresses of the downstream wired interface, the network prefix is equal to the network prefix of the source address of the received beacon message, the geographic coordinate is the current geographic coordinate of the access node, the equipment ID is 0, and the access node ID is the equipment ID of the source address of the received beacon message; after the access node configures addresses for an upstream wired interface and a downstream wireless interface, a beacon message is periodically sent by using a working channel of the downstream wired interface; in the beacon message, a source address is an address of a downstream wired interface, a load is a broadcast range parameter Hop, and an initial value of the parameter Hop is preset; after receiving a beacon message, the mobile node decrements the broadcast range parameter Hop in the beacon message by 1; if the parameter Hop is equal to 0, the mobile node stops forwarding the beacon message, otherwise, the beacon message is forwarded;
the mobile node maintains a channel table and an address table, wherein one channel table item comprises a channel ID domain and a channel domain; one address table item comprises a channel ID domain, an access node address domain, a mobile node address domain and a life cycle domain; the access router maintains a device ID set to store the assigned device IDs;
after the mobile node is started, the X channels supported by the interface of the mobile node are constructed into a channel set, namely the channel set is composed of the X channels, and then the following processes are executed to create a channel table:
step 101: starting;
step 102: the mobile node sets a variable h, and the initial value of the variable is 1;
step 103: the mobile node randomly selects a channel from the channel set and creates a channel table entry, wherein the channel ID of the channel table entry is h, and the channel value is the selected channel; the mobile node deletes the selected channel from the channel set and increases the value of the variable h by 1;
step 104: the mobile node judges whether the channel set is empty, if yes, step 105 is executed, otherwise step 103 is executed;
step 105: finishing;
after the mobile node is started, the X channels are periodically scanned, a temporary address is configured for each channel, the network prefix of the temporary address and the ID of the access node are 0, the geographic coordinate is the coordinate of the current geographic position of the mobile node, the equipment ID is a random number larger than 0, then the mobile node sends a beacon message from the channel, the source address of the beacon message is the temporary address of the channel, and the load is empty.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of configuring an address according to the present invention. If the mobile node M1 receives a beacon message b1 from the access node AP1 through a channel with channel ID c, and the upstream wired interface of the access node AP1 is connected to the downstream wired interface of the access router AR1, the access node acquires the address through the following process;
step 201: starting;
step 202: the mobile node M1 checks the address table, if there is an address table entry, the channel ID of the address table entry is c, the access node address domain value is equal to the source address of the beacon message b1, then step 203 is executed, otherwise step 204 is executed;
step 203: the mobile node M1 selects the address table entry with channel ID c and access node address domain value equal to the source address of the beacon message b1, sets the lifetime of the address table entry to the maximum value, and executes step 217;
step 204: the mobile node M1 checks the address table, if there is an address table entry whose network prefix of the mobile node address domain value is equal to the network prefix of the source address of the beacon message b1, then step 205 is executed, otherwise step 206 is executed;
step 205: the mobile node M1 selects an address table entry whose network prefix of the mobile node address domain value is equal to the network prefix of the source address of the beacon message b1, and then creates an address whose network prefix and access node ID are equal to the network prefix of the source address of the beacon message b1 and access node ID, the geographic coordinate is the current geographic coordinate of the mobile node M1, and the device ID is the device ID of the mobile node address domain value of the address table entry; the mobile node M1 creates an address table entry with a channel ID field value of c, an access node address field value equal to the source address of the beacon message b1, and a mobile node address field value equal to the constructed address, and executes step 217;
step 206: the mobile node M1 creates an address with the network prefix and the access node ID equal to those of the source address of the beacon message b1, the geographic coordinates are the current geographic coordinates of the mobile node M1, and the device ID is a random number greater than 0; the mobile node M1 sends a configuration message by using the channel identified by the channel ID c, wherein the source address of the configuration message is the constructed address, and the destination address is the source address of the beacon message b 1;
step 207: if the mobile node receives the configuration message, then step 208 is performed, otherwise step 209 is performed;
step 208: if the mobile node receiving the configuration message is within one hop of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the configuration message, directly forwarding the configuration message to the access node AP1 identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the configuration message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 207 is executed;
step 209: after receiving the configuration message, the access node AP1 forwards the configuration message to the access router AR1 through the upstream wired interface, and the access router AR1 checks whether the device ID of the source address of the configuration message is in its own device ID set; if yes, go to step 210, otherwise go to step 211;
step 210: the access router AR1 selects a random number not in its own device ID set, constructs a configuration success message, the source address of the configuration success message is the destination address of the received configuration message, the destination address of the configuration success message is the source address of the received configuration message, the load is the selected random number, then the access router AR1 sends the configuration success message from the downstream wired interface identified by the access node ID of the destination address of the received configuration message, and adds the selected random number into its own device ID set, and executes step 212;
step 211: the access router AR1 constructs a configuration success message, the source address of the configuration success message is the destination address of the received configuration message, the destination address of the configuration success message is the source address of the received configuration message, the load is empty, then the configuration success message is sent from the downstream wired interface identified by the access node ID of the destination address of the received configuration message, and the device ID of the source address of the received configuration message is added into the device ID set of the access router;
step 212: after receiving the configuration success message, the access node AP1 performs step 213, otherwise performs step 214;
step 213: if the access node AP1 is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the configuration success message, forwarding the configuration success message to the mobile node M1 identified by the destination address through a downstream wired interface, otherwise forwarding the configuration success message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address through the downstream wired interface; step 212 is executed;
step 214: if the mobile node M1 receives the configuration success message, step 216 is executed, otherwise step 215 is executed;
step 215: if the mobile node receiving the configuration success message is within one hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the configuration success message, directly forwarding the configuration success message to the mobile node M1 identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the configuration success message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 212 is executed;
step 216: after the mobile node M1 receives the configuration success message through the channel with the channel ID of c, if the configuration success message load is empty, an address table entry is created, the channel ID of the address table entry is c, the access node address domain value is equal to the source address of the configuration success message, and the mobile node address domain value is equal to the destination address of the configuration success message; otherwise, the mobile node M1 creates an address whose network prefix and access node ID are equal to those of the destination address of the configuration success message, whose geographic coordinates are the current geographic coordinates of the mobile node M1, whose device ID is the random number in the configuration success message load, and then the mobile node M1 creates an address table entry whose channel ID is c, whose access node address domain value is equal to the source address of the configuration success message, whose address domain value is equal to the created address;
step 217: and (6) ending.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of recovering addresses according to the present invention. If the mobile node M1 detects that the life cycle decay of the address table entry E1 is 0, then the following operations are performed to recover the device ID;
step 301: starting;
step 302: the mobile node M1 checks the address table, if the network prefix of the mobile node address domain value of another address table entry is equal to the network prefix of the mobile node address domain value of the address table entry E in addition to the address table entry E1, then step 307 is executed, otherwise step 303 is executed;
step 303: the mobile node M1 sends a deletion message through the channel identified by the channel ID of the address table entry E1, the source address of the deletion message is the mobile node address domain value of the address table entry E1, the destination address is the access node address domain value of the address table entry E1, and the load is null; the mobile node M1 deletes the address table entry E1 from the address table;
step 304: if the mobile node receives the delete message, then step 305 is performed, otherwise step 306 is performed;
step 305: if the mobile node receiving the deletion message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the deletion message, directly forwarding the deletion message to the destination access node identified by the destination address, executing step 306, otherwise forwarding the deletion message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address, and executing step 304;
step 306: after receiving the deletion message, the destination access node forwards the deletion message to a connected access router through an upstream wired interface, and after receiving the deletion message, the access router deletes the equipment ID of the source address of the deletion message from the equipment ID set of the access router;
step 307: and (6) ending.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a data uploading process according to the present invention. Under the condition that one type of data is uniquely identified by a data ID, one type of data can be decomposed into more than one data block, each data block is identified by a data block ID, the data D1 is uniquely identified by a data ID DID1, the length of the data D1 is greater than a preset value, and an interface of the mobile node M1 can communicate through an X channel, after the mobile node M1 generates the data D1, the address table is checked, and if the total number of address table entries in the address table is Z, the mobile node M1 averagely divides the data D1 into Z data blocks CkK takes values of 1-Z, data block CkUniquely identified by a data block ID k; the mobile node M1 then uploads the data D1 to the server S1 by:
step 401: starting;
step 402: the mobile node M1 sets the parameter c1 and the parameter k1, and the initial values of the parameter c1 and the parameter k1 are 1;
step 403: the mobile node M1 selects all address table entries having a channel ID domain value equal to c1, and for each selected address table entry, the mobile node M1 performs the following: constructing a data message, the source address of the data message is the mobile node address domain value of the address table item, the destination address is the access node address domain value of the address table item, and the load is the data block C identified by the data ID DID1, the data block ID k1 and the data block ID k1k1And the address of the server S1, the data message is sent from the channel identified by the channel ID of the address table entry, and the parameter k1 is incremented by 1;
step 404: the mobile node M1 increments the parameter c1 by 1, if the parameter c1 is greater than X, then step 405 is performed, otherwise step 403 is performed;
step 405: if the mobile node receives the data message, then go to step 406, otherwise go to step 407;
step 406: if the mobile node receiving the data message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the data message, directly forwarding the data message to a destination access node identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the data message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 405 is executed;
step 407: after receiving the data message, the destination access node updates the destination address of the data message to the address of the server S1 in the data message load and deletes the address of the server S1 from the message load, then forwards the data message to the connected access router through the upstream wired interface, after receiving the data message from the downstream wired interface, the access router forwards the data message through the upstream wired interface, and the data message finally reaches the server S1 through the internet backbone network;
step 408: after the server S1 receives the data message, saving the data blocks in the data message, if the server S1 receives all Z data blocks of the data D1, executing the step 409, otherwise executing the step 405;
step 409: and (6) ending.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition process performed by the server according to the present invention. At data D2 composed ofThe data ID DID2 is uniquely identified, the length of the data D2 is smaller than a preset value, an interface of the mobile node M1 can carry out communication through an X channel, after the mobile node M1 generates the data D2, a free channel is randomly selected, the channel ID of the channel is C2, then the mobile node M1 looks up an address table, all address table entries with the channel ID domain value equal to C2 are selected, and if the total number of all address table entries with the channel ID domain value equal to C2 is Z2, the mobile node M1 averagely divides the data D2 into Z2 data blocks C2x1X1 ═ 1 … Z2, data block Cx1Uniquely identified by data block ID x 1; the mobile node M1 creates a set of address table entries consisting of Z2 address table entries having a channel ID domain value equal to c2, and then the mobile node M1 uploads the data D2 to the server S1 by:
step 501: starting;
step 502: the mobile node M1 sets a parameter k2, the initial value of the parameter k2 being 1;
step 503: the mobile node M1 randomly selects an address table entry from the address table entry set, and performs the following operations: constructing a data message, the source address of the data message is the mobile node address domain value of the address table item, the destination address is the access node address domain value of the address table item, and the load is the data block C identified by the data ID DID2, the data block ID k2 and the data block ID k2k2And the address of the server S1, the data message is sent from the channel identified by the channel ID of the address table entry, meanwhile, the parameter k2 is increased by 1, and the randomly selected address table entry is deleted from the address table entry set;
step 504: if the address table entry set is empty, go to step 505, otherwise go to step 503;
step 505: if the mobile node receives the data message, go to step 506, otherwise go to step 507;
step 506: if the mobile node receiving the data message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the data message, directly forwarding the data message to a destination access node identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the data message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 505 is executed;
step 507: after receiving the data message from the downstream wired interface, the destination access node updates the destination address of the data message to the address of the server S1 in the data message load and deletes the address of the server S1 from the message load, then forwards the data message to the connected access router through the upstream wired interface, after receiving the data message from the downstream wired interface, the access router forwards the data message through the upstream wired interface, and the data message finally reaches the server S1 through the internet backbone network;
step 508: after the server S1 receives the data message, saving the data blocks in the data message, if the server S1 receives all Z2 data blocks of the data D2, executing the step 509, otherwise executing the step 505;
step 509: and (6) ending.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a flow of acquiring data blocks according to the present invention. Under the condition that the data D1 is uniquely identified by the data ID DID1, the length of the data D1 is greater than the predetermined value, and the interface of the mobile node M2 is capable of communicating through the X channel, the mobile node M2 needs to acquire the data D1, the total number of address table entries in the address table of the mobile node M2 is Z3, the mobile node M2 creates an address table entry set, the address table entry set is composed of all address table entries in the address table, and the mobile node M2 acquires the data D1 from the server S1 by the following procedures:
step 601: starting;
step 602: the mobile node M2 sets a parameter k3, the initial value of the parameter k3 being 1;
step 603: the mobile node M2 randomly selects an address table entry from the address table entry set, and performs the following operations: constructing a request message, wherein the source address of the request message is the mobile node address domain value of the address table item, the destination address is the access node address domain value of the address table item, the load is data ID DID1, the total number of the address table items is Z3, a parameter k3 and the address of a server S1, the request message is sent from a channel identified by the channel ID of the address table item, meanwhile, the parameter k3 is increased by 1, and the randomly selected address table items are deleted from the address table item set;
step 604: if the address table entry set is empty, go to step 605, otherwise go to step 603;
step 605: if the mobile node receives the request message, then go to step 606, otherwise go to step 607;
step 606: if the mobile node receiving the request message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the request message, directly forwarding the request message to a destination access node identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the request message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 605 is executed;
step 607: after receiving the request message from the downstream wired interface, the destination access node updates the destination address of the request message to the address of the server S1 in the request message load and deletes the address of the server S1 from the message load, and then forwards the request message to the connected access router through the upstream wired interface, after receiving the request message from the downstream wired interface, the access router forwards the request message through the upstream wired interface, and the request message finally reaches the server S1 through the internet backbone network;
step 608: after the server S1 receives the request message, the server S1 stores the data ID DID1 and parameters Z3 and k3 in the request message load, and the server S1 equally divides the data D1 into Z3 data blocks Cx2X2 ═ 1 … Z3, data block Cx2Uniquely identified by data block IDx2, and then data block C with data block ID equal to k3 is selectedk3And sends a response message with the source address of the received request message, the destination address of the received request message, the payload of data block ID k3 and data block Ck3(ii) a The response message finally reaches a target access router through an internet backbone network, and the network prefix of the target access router is the same as that of the destination address of the response message; the destination access router forwards the response message through a downstream wired interface identified by the access node ID of the destination address of the response message;
step 609: after receiving the response message from the upstream wired interface, the access node performs step 610, otherwise performs step 611;
step 610: if the access node is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the response message, forwarding the response message to the mobile node M2 identified by the destination address through a downstream wired interface, otherwise forwarding the response message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address through the downstream wired interface; step 609 is executed;
step 611: if the mobile node M2 receives the response message, go to step 613, otherwise go to step 612;
step 612: if the mobile node receiving the response message is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the response message, forwarding the response message to the mobile node M2 identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the response message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address, and executing step 609;
step 613: after the mobile node M2 receives the response message, it saves the data blocks in the response message payload, if the mobile node M2 receives all the Z3 data blocks of the data D1, then go to step 614, otherwise go to step 608;
step 614: and (6) ending.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition process according to the present invention. Under the condition that data D2 is uniquely identified by a data ID DID2, the length of data D2 is smaller than a preset value, and an interface of a mobile node M2 can communicate through an X channel, the mobile node M2 needs to acquire data D2, then the mobile node M2 randomly selects an idle channel, the channel ID of the channel is c4, then the mobile node M2 checks an address table, selects all address table entries with a channel ID domain value equal to c4, and if the total number of all address table entries with a channel ID domain value equal to c4 is Z4, the mobile node M2 creates an address table entry set, wherein the address table entry set is composed of Z4 address table entries with a channel ID domain value equal to c 4; the mobile node M2 acquires the data D2 from the server S1 by:
step 701: starting;
step 702: the mobile node M2 sets a parameter k4, the initial value of the parameter k4 being 1;
step 703: the mobile node M2 randomly selects an address table entry from the address table entry set, and performs the following operations: constructing a request message, wherein the source address of the request message is the mobile node address domain value of the address table item, the destination address is the access node address domain value of the address table item, the load is data ID DID2, the total number of the address table items is Z4, a parameter k4 and the address of a server S1, the request message is sent from a channel identified by the channel ID of the address table item, meanwhile, the parameter k4 is increased by 1, and the randomly selected address table items are deleted from the address table item set;
step 704: if the address table entry set is empty, execute step 705, otherwise execute step 703;
step 705: if the mobile node receives the request message, then go to step 706, otherwise go to step 707;
step 706: if the mobile node receiving the request message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the request message, directly forwarding the request message to a destination access node identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the request message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 705 is executed;
step 707: after receiving the request message from the downstream wired interface, the destination access node updates the destination address of the request message to the address of the server S1 in the request message load and deletes the address of the server S1 from the message load, and then forwards the request message to the connected access router through the upstream wired interface, after receiving the request message from the downstream wired interface, the access router forwards the request message through the upstream wired interface, and the request message finally reaches the server S1 through the internet backbone network;
step 708: after the server S1 receives the request message, the server S1 stores the data ID DID2 and parameters Z4 and k4 in the request message load, and the server S1 equally divides the data D2 into Z4 data blocks Cx3X3 ═ 1 … Z4 data block Cx3Uniquely identified by data block ID x3, and then data block C with data block ID equal to k4 is selectedk4And sends a soundThe response message has the source address of the received request message, the destination address of the received request message, the payload of data block ID k4 and data block Ck4(ii) a The response message finally reaches a target access router through an internet backbone network, and the network prefix of the target access router is the same as that of the destination address of the response message; the destination access router forwards the response message through a downstream wired interface identified by the access node ID of the destination address of the response message;
step 709: judging whether the access node receives a response message from the upstream wired interface, executing step 710, otherwise executing step 711;
step 710: if the access node is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the response message, forwarding the response message to the mobile node M2 identified by the destination address through a downstream wired interface, otherwise forwarding the response message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address through the downstream wired interface; step 709 is executed;
step 711: if the mobile node M2 receives the response message, then step 713 is executed, otherwise step 712 is executed;
step 712: if the mobile node receiving the response message is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the response message, forwarding the response message to the mobile node M2 identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the response message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address; step 709 is executed;
step 713: after the mobile node M2 receives the response message, it saves the data blocks in the response message payload, if the mobile node M2 receives all the Z4 data blocks of the data D2, then execute step 714, otherwise execute step 708;
step 714: and (6) ending.
Example 1
Based on the simulation parameters in table 1, the embodiment simulates the implementation method of the low-latency internet of things in the invention, and the performance analysis is as follows: as the number of mobile nodes increases, address allocation delay increases, but data communication delay tends to be stable. The average delay of address configuration is 50ms, and the average delay of data acquisition is 300 ms.
TABLE 1 simulation parameters
Figure GDA0002545834210000171
The invention provides a concept of a low-latency internet of things implementation method, and a number of methods and ways for implementing the technical scheme, and the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a number of improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the invention. The components not specified in this embodiment can be implemented by the prior art.

Claims (1)

1. A low-delay Internet of things implementation method is characterized in that the Internet of things comprises an access router, an access node and a mobile node; each mobile node is provided with a wireless interface which can adopt X channels for communication, the X channels of each mobile node are the same, each channel is uniquely identified by a channel ID c, c takes a value of 1-X, and X is a positive integer greater than 1; the access router is provided with an upstream wired interface and Y downstream wired interfaces, Y is more than or equal to 2X, each downstream wired interface is uniquely identified by an interface ID t, and t is 1 … Y; the access node is provided with an upstream wired interface and a downstream wireless interface, the upstream wired interface of the access router is connected with an internet backbone network, and the downstream wired interface of the access router is connected with the upstream wired interface of the access node; the downstream wireless interface of the access node adopts a channel for communication, the channel ID of the channel is h0, and X is more than or equal to h0 and more than or equal to 1; y downstream wired interfaces of one access router are connected with Y access nodes, and the channel ID set of communication channels of the access nodes is
Figure FDA0002545834200000011
The access router, the access node and the mobile node realize data communication through addresses, and one address has the length of 128 bits and consists of a network prefix, a geographical coordinate, an access node ID and a device ID;
the network prefixes of the addresses of the upstream wired interface and the downstream wired interface of the access router are the same and preset; after the access router is started, configuring addresses for an upstream wired interface and a downstream wired interface, wherein the network prefix of the address of the upstream wired interface is a preset network prefix, the geographic coordinate is 0, the ID of an access node is 0, and the ID of equipment is Y + 1; the network prefix of the address of each downstream wired interface is a preset network prefix, the geographic coordinate is 0, the ID of an access node is 0, and the equipment ID is the interface ID of the downstream wired interface; after configuring an address for each downstream wired interface, an access router sends a beacon message from the downstream wired interface, wherein the source address of the beacon message is the address of the downstream wired interface;
an upstream wired interface and a downstream wireless interface of an access node are respectively configured with an address; after receiving the beacon message from the upstream wired interface, the access node configures an address for the upstream wired interface and the downstream wireless interface respectively, in the address of the upstream wired interface, the network prefix is equal to the network prefix of the source address of the received beacon message, the geographic coordinate and the equipment ID are both 0, and the access node ID is the equipment ID of the source address of the received beacon message; in the address of the downstream wireless interface, the network prefix is equal to the network prefix of the source address of the received beacon message, the geographic coordinate is the current geographic coordinate of the access node, the equipment ID is 0, and the access node ID is the equipment ID of the source address of the received beacon message; after the access node configures addresses for an upstream wired interface and a downstream wireless interface, a beacon message is periodically sent by using a working channel of the downstream wireless interface; in the beacon message, a source address is an address of a downstream wireless interface, a load is a broadcast range parameter Hop, and an initial value of the parameter Hop is preset; after receiving a beacon message, the mobile node decrements the broadcast range parameter Hop in the beacon message by 1; if the parameter Hop is equal to 0, the mobile node stops forwarding the beacon message, otherwise, the beacon message is forwarded;
the mobile node maintains a channel table and an address table, wherein one channel table item comprises a channel ID domain and a channel domain; one address table item comprises a channel ID domain, an access node address domain, a mobile node address domain and a life cycle domain; the access router maintains a device ID set to store the assigned device IDs;
after the mobile node is started, the X channels supported by the interface of the mobile node are constructed into a channel set, namely the channel set is composed of the X channels, and then the following processes are executed to create a channel table:
step 101: starting;
step 102: the mobile node sets a variable h, and the initial value of the variable is 1;
step 103: the mobile node randomly selects a channel from the channel set and creates a channel table entry, wherein the channel ID of the channel table entry is h, and the channel is the selected channel; the mobile node deletes the selected channel from the channel set and increases the value of the variable h by 1;
step 104: the mobile node judges whether the channel set is empty, if yes, step 105 is executed, otherwise step 103 is executed;
step 105: finishing;
after a mobile node is started, periodically scanning X channels, configuring a temporary address for each channel, wherein the network prefix and the ID of an access node of the temporary address are 0, the geographic coordinate is the coordinate of the current geographic position of the mobile node, the ID of equipment is a random number greater than 0, then the mobile node sends a beacon message from the channel, the source address of the beacon message is the temporary address of the channel, and the load is empty;
if the mobile node M1 receives a beacon message b1 from the access node AP1 through a channel with channel ID c, and the upstream wired interface of the access node AP1 is connected to the downstream wired interface of the access router AR1, the access node acquires the address through the following process;
step 201: starting;
step 202: the mobile node M1 checks the address table, if there is an address table entry, the channel ID of the address table entry is c, the access node address domain value is equal to the source address of the beacon message b1, then step 203 is executed, otherwise step 204 is executed;
step 203: the mobile node M1 selects the address table entry with channel ID c and access node address domain value equal to the source address of the beacon message b1, sets the lifetime of the address table entry to the maximum value, and executes step 217;
step 204: the mobile node M1 checks the address table, if there is an address table entry whose network prefix of the mobile node address domain value is equal to the network prefix of the source address of the beacon message b1, then step 205 is executed, otherwise step 206 is executed;
step 205: the mobile node M1 selects an address table entry whose network prefix of the mobile node address domain value is equal to the network prefix of the source address of the beacon message b1, and then creates an address whose network prefix and access node ID are equal to the network prefix of the source address of the beacon message b1 and access node ID, the geographic coordinate is the current geographic coordinate of the mobile node M1, and the device ID is the device ID of the mobile node address domain value of the address table entry; the mobile node M1 creates an address table entry with a channel ID field value of c, an access node address field value equal to the source address of the beacon message b1, and a mobile node address field value equal to the constructed address, and executes step 217;
step 206: the mobile node M1 creates an address with the network prefix and the access node ID equal to those of the source address of the beacon message b1, the geographic coordinates are the current geographic coordinates of the mobile node M1, and the device ID is a random number greater than 0; the mobile node M1 sends a configuration message by using the channel identified by the channel ID c, wherein the source address of the configuration message is the constructed address, and the destination address is the source address of the beacon message b 1;
step 207: if the mobile node receives the configuration message, then step 208 is performed, otherwise step 209 is performed;
step 208: if the mobile node receiving the configuration message is within one hop of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the configuration message, directly forwarding the configuration message to the access node AP1 identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the configuration message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 207 is executed;
step 209: after receiving the configuration message, the access node AP1 forwards the configuration message to the access router AR1 through the upstream wired interface, and the access router AR1 checks whether the device ID of the source address of the configuration message is in its own device ID set; if yes, go to step 210, otherwise go to step 211;
step 210: the access router AR1 selects a random number not in its own device ID set, constructs a configuration success message, the source address of the configuration success message is the destination address of the received configuration message, the destination address of the configuration success message is the source address of the received configuration message, the load is the selected random number, then the access router AR1 sends the configuration success message from the downstream wired interface identified by the access node ID of the destination address of the received configuration message, and adds the selected random number into its own device ID set, and executes step 212;
step 211: the access router AR1 constructs a configuration success message, the source address of the configuration success message is the destination address of the received configuration message, the destination address of the configuration success message is the source address of the received configuration message, the load is empty, then the configuration success message is sent from the downstream wired interface identified by the access node ID of the destination address of the received configuration message, and the device ID of the source address of the received configuration message is added into the device ID set of the access router;
step 212: after receiving the configuration success message, the access node AP1 performs step 213, otherwise performs step 214;
step 213: if the access node AP1 is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the configuration success message, forwarding the configuration success message to the mobile node M1 identified by the destination address through a downstream wireless interface, otherwise forwarding the configuration success message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address through the downstream wireless interface; step 212 is executed;
step 214: if the mobile node M1 receives the configuration success message, step 216 is executed, otherwise step 215 is executed;
step 215: if the mobile node receiving the configuration success message is within one hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the configuration success message, directly forwarding the configuration success message to the mobile node M1 identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the configuration success message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 212 is executed;
step 216: after the mobile node M1 receives the configuration success message through the channel with the channel ID of c, if the configuration success message load is empty, an address table entry is created, the channel ID of the address table entry is c, the access node address domain value is equal to the source address of the configuration success message, and the mobile node address domain value is equal to the destination address of the configuration success message; otherwise, the mobile node M1 creates an address whose network prefix and access node ID are equal to those of the destination address of the configuration success message, whose geographic coordinates are the current geographic coordinates of the mobile node M1, whose device ID is the random number in the configuration success message load, and then the mobile node M1 creates an address table entry whose channel ID is c, whose access node address domain value is equal to the source address of the configuration success message, whose address domain value is equal to the created address;
step 217: finishing;
if the mobile node M1 detects that the life cycle decay of the address table entry E1 is 0, then the following operations are performed to recover the device ID;
step 301: starting;
step 302: the mobile node M1 checks the address table, if the network prefix of the mobile node address domain value of another address table entry is equal to the network prefix of the mobile node address domain value of the address table entry E in addition to the address table entry E1, then step 307 is executed, otherwise step 303 is executed;
step 303: the mobile node M1 sends a deletion message through the channel identified by the channel ID of the address table entry E1, the source address of the deletion message is the mobile node address domain value of the address table entry E1, the destination address is the access node address domain value of the address table entry E1, and the load is null; the mobile node M1 deletes the address table entry E1 from the address table;
step 304: if the mobile node receives the delete message, then step 305 is performed, otherwise step 306 is performed;
step 305: if the mobile node receiving the deletion message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the deletion message, directly forwarding the deletion message to the destination access node identified by the destination address, executing step 306, otherwise forwarding the deletion message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address, and executing step 304;
step 306: after receiving the deletion message, the destination access node forwards the deletion message to a connected access router through an upstream wired interface, and after receiving the deletion message, the access router deletes the equipment ID of the source address of the deletion message from the equipment ID set of the access router;
step 307: finishing;
under the condition that one type of data is uniquely identified by a data ID, one type of data can be decomposed into more than one data block, each data block is identified by a data block ID, the data D1 is uniquely identified by a data IDDID1, the length of the data D1 is greater than a preset value, and an interface of the mobile node M1 can communicate through an X channel, after the mobile node M1 generates the data D1, the address table is checked, and if the total number of address table entries in the address table is Z, the mobile node M1 averagely divides the data D1 into Z data blocks CkK takes values of 1-Z, data block CkUniquely identified by a data block ID k; the mobile node M1 then uploads the data D1 to the server S1 by:
step 401: starting;
step 402: the mobile node M1 sets the parameter c1 and the parameter k1, and the initial values of the parameter c1 and the parameter k1 are 1;
step 403: the mobile node M1 selects all address table entries having a channel ID domain value equal to c1, and for each selected address table entry, the mobile node M1 performs the following: constructing a data message, the source address of the data message is the address field value of the mobile node of the address table itemThe destination address is the access node address domain value of the address table entry, and the load is data IDDID1, data block ID k1, data block C identified by data block ID k1k1And the address of the server S1, the data message is sent from the channel identified by the channel ID of the address table entry, and the parameter k1 is incremented by 1;
step 404: the mobile node M1 increments the parameter c1 by 1, if the parameter c1 is greater than X, then step 405 is performed, otherwise step 403 is performed;
step 405: if the mobile node receives the data message, then go to step 406, otherwise go to step 407;
step 406: if the mobile node receiving the data message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the data message, directly forwarding the data message to a destination access node identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the data message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 405 is executed;
step 407: after receiving the data message, the destination access node updates the destination address of the data message to the address of the server S1 in the data message load and deletes the address of the server S1 from the message load, then forwards the data message to the connected access router through the upstream wired interface, after receiving the data message from the downstream wired interface, the access router forwards the data message through the upstream wired interface, and the data message finally reaches the server S1 through the internet backbone network;
step 408: after the server S1 receives the data message, saving the data blocks in the data message, if the server S1 receives all Z data blocks of the data D1, executing the step 409, otherwise executing the step 405;
step 409: finishing;
under the condition that the data D2 is uniquely identified by the data IDDID2, the length of the data D2 is smaller than the predetermined value, and the interface of the mobile node M1 can communicate through the X channel, after the mobile node M1 generates the data D2, a free channel with the channel ID of c2 is randomly selected, then the mobile node M1 looks up the address table, selects all address table entries with the channel ID domain value equal to c2,if the total number of all address table entries with the channel ID field value equal to C2 is Z2, the mobile node M1 divides the data D2 into Z2 data blocks C on averagex1X1 ═ 1 … Z2, data block Cx1Uniquely identified by data block ID x 1; the mobile node M1 creates a set of address table entries consisting of Z2 address table entries having a channel ID domain value equal to c2, and then the mobile node M1 uploads the data D2 to the server S1 by:
step 501: starting;
step 502: the mobile node M1 sets a parameter k2, the initial value of the parameter k2 being 1;
step 503: the mobile node M1 randomly selects an address table entry from the address table entry set, and performs the following operations: constructing a data message, the source address of the data message is the mobile node address domain value of the address table item, the destination address is the access node address domain value of the address table item, and the load is the data block C identified by the data IDDID2, the data block ID k2 and the data block ID k2k2And the address of the server S1, the data message is sent from the channel identified by the channel ID of the address table entry, meanwhile, the parameter k2 is increased by 1, and the randomly selected address table entry is deleted from the address table entry set;
step 504: if the address table entry set is empty, go to step 505, otherwise go to step 503;
step 505: if the mobile node receives the data message, go to step 506, otherwise go to step 507;
step 506: if the mobile node receiving the data message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the data message, directly forwarding the data message to a destination access node identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the data message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 505 is executed;
step 507: after receiving the data message from the downstream wireless interface, the destination access node updates the destination address of the data message to the address of the server S1 in the data message load and deletes the address of the server S1 from the message load, and then forwards the data message to the connected access router through the upstream wired interface, after receiving the data message from the downstream wired interface, the access router forwards the data message through the upstream wired interface, and the data message finally reaches the server S1 through the internet backbone network;
step 508: after the server S1 receives the data message, saving the data blocks in the data message, if the server S1 receives all Z2 data blocks of the data D2, executing the step 509, otherwise executing the step 505;
step 509: finishing;
under the condition that the data D1 is uniquely identified by the data IDDID1, the length of the data D1 is greater than the predetermined value, and the interface of the mobile node M2 is capable of communicating through the X channel, the mobile node M2 needs to acquire the data D1, the total number of address table entries in the address table of the mobile node M2 is Z3, the mobile node M2 creates an address table entry set, the address table entry set is composed of all address table entries in the address table, and the mobile node M2 acquires the data D1 from the server S1 by the following procedures:
step 601: starting;
step 602: the mobile node M2 sets a parameter k3, the initial value of the parameter k3 being 1;
step 603: the mobile node M2 randomly selects an address table entry from the address table entry set, and performs the following operations: constructing a request message, wherein the source address of the request message is the mobile node address domain value of the address table item, the destination address is the access node address domain value of the address table item, the load is data IDDID1, the total number of the address table items is Z3, a parameter k3 and the address of a server S1, the request message is sent from a channel identified by the channel ID of the address table item, meanwhile, the parameter k3 is increased by 1, and the randomly selected address table items are deleted from the address table item set;
step 604: if the address table entry set is empty, go to step 605, otherwise go to step 603;
step 605: if the mobile node receives the request message, then go to step 606, otherwise go to step 607;
step 606: if the mobile node receiving the request message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the request message, directly forwarding the request message to a destination access node identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the request message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 605 is executed;
step 607: after receiving the request message from the downstream wireless interface, the destination access node updates the destination address of the request message to the address of the server S1 in the request message load and deletes the address of the server S1 from the message load, and then forwards the request message to the connected access router through the upstream wired interface, after receiving the request message from the downstream wired interface, the access router forwards the request message through the upstream wired interface, and the request message finally reaches the server S1 through the internet backbone network;
step 608: after the server S1 receives the request message, the server S1 stores the data IDDID1 and parameters Z3 and k3 in the request message load, and the server S1 equally divides the data D1 into Z3 data blocks Cx2X2 ═ 1 … Z3, data block Cx2Uniquely identified by data block ID x2, and then data block C with data block ID equal to k3 is selectedk3And sends a response message with the source address of the received request message, the destination address of the received request message, the payload of data block ID k3 and data block Ck3(ii) a The response message finally reaches a target access router through an internet backbone network, and the network prefix of the target access router is the same as that of the destination address of the response message; the destination access router forwards the response message through a downstream wireless interface identified by the access node ID of the response message destination address;
step 609: after receiving the response message from the upstream wired interface, the access node performs step 610, otherwise performs step 611;
step 610: if the access node is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the response message, forwarding the response message to the mobile node M2 identified by the destination address through the downstream wireless interface, otherwise forwarding the response message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address through the downstream wireless interface; step 609 is executed;
step 611: if the mobile node M2 receives the response message, go to step 613, otherwise go to step 612;
step 612: if the mobile node receiving the response message is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the response message, forwarding the response message to the mobile node M2 identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the response message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address, and executing step 609;
step 613: after the mobile node M2 receives the response message, it saves the data blocks in the response message payload, if the mobile node M2 receives all the Z3 data blocks of the data D1, then go to step 614, otherwise go to step 608;
step 614: finishing;
under the condition that data D2 is uniquely identified by data IDDID2, the length of data D2 is smaller than a preset value, and an interface of a mobile node M2 can communicate through an X channel, the mobile node M2 needs to acquire data D2, then the mobile node M2 randomly selects an idle channel, the channel ID of the channel is c4, then the mobile node M2 checks an address table, selects all address table entries with a channel ID domain value equal to c4, and if the total number of all address table entries with a channel ID domain value equal to c4 is Z4, the mobile node M2 creates an address table entry set, wherein the address table entry set is composed of Z4 address table entries with a channel ID domain value equal to c 4; the mobile node M2 acquires the data D2 from the server S1 by:
step 701: starting;
step 702: the mobile node M2 sets a parameter k4, the initial value of the parameter k4 being 1;
step 703: the mobile node M2 randomly selects an address table entry from the address table entry set, and performs the following operations: constructing a request message, wherein the source address of the request message is the mobile node address domain value of the address table item, the destination address is the access node address domain value of the address table item, the load is data IDDID2, the total number of the address table items is Z4, a parameter k4 and the address of a server S1, the request message is sent from a channel identified by the channel ID of the address table item, meanwhile, the parameter k4 is increased by 1, and the randomly selected address table items are deleted from the address table item set;
step 704: if the address table entry set is empty, execute step 705, otherwise execute step 703;
step 705: if the mobile node receives the request message, then go to step 706, otherwise go to step 707;
step 706: if the mobile node receiving the request message is in the one-hop range of the geographic coordinate of the destination address of the request message, directly forwarding the request message to a destination access node identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the request message to a neighbor mobile node closest to the geographic coordinate of the destination address; step 705 is executed;
step 707: after receiving the request message from the downstream wireless interface, the destination access node updates the destination address of the request message to the address of the server S1 in the request message load and deletes the address of the server S1 from the message load, and then forwards the request message to the connected access router through the upstream wired interface, after receiving the request message from the downstream wired interface, the access router forwards the request message through the upstream wired interface, and the request message finally reaches the server S1 through the internet backbone network;
step 708: after the server S1 receives the request message, the server S1 stores the data ID DID2 and parameters Z4 and k4 in the request message load, and the server S1 equally divides the data D2 into Z4 data blocks Cx3X3 ═ 1 … Z4 data block Cx3Uniquely identified by data block ID x3, and then data block C with data block ID equal to k4 is selectedk4And sends a response message with the source address of the received request message, the destination address of the received request message, the payload of data block IDk4 and data block Ck4(ii) a The response message finally reaches a target access router through an internet backbone network, and the network prefix of the target access router is the same as that of the destination address of the response message; the destination access router forwards the response message through a downstream wireless interface identified by the access node ID of the response message destination address;
step 709: after judging whether the access node receives the response message from the upstream wired interface, executing step 710, otherwise executing step 711;
step 710: if the access node is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the response message, forwarding the response message to the mobile node M2 identified by the destination address through the downstream wireless interface, otherwise forwarding the response message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address through the downstream wireless interface; step 709 is executed;
step 711: if the mobile node M2 receives the response message, then step 713 is executed, otherwise step 712 is executed;
step 712: if the mobile node receiving the response message is within one hop of the geographical coordinates of the destination address of the response message, forwarding the response message to the mobile node M2 identified by the destination address, otherwise forwarding the response message to the neighbor mobile node closest to the geographical coordinates of the destination address; step 709 is executed;
step 713: after the mobile node M2 receives the response message, it saves the data blocks in the response message payload, if the mobile node M2 receives all the Z4 data blocks of the data D2, then execute step 714, otherwise execute step 708;
step 714: and (6) ending.
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