CN108009811A - Inter-cloud computing environment value exchange-oriented cross-chain communication method - Google Patents
Inter-cloud computing environment value exchange-oriented cross-chain communication method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
- G06Q20/085—Payment architectures involving remote charge determination or related payment systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/22—Payment schemes or models
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/22—Payment schemes or models
- G06Q20/29—Payment schemes or models characterised by micropayments
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
- G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
- G06Q20/401—Transaction verification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
- G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
- G06Q20/405—Establishing or using transaction specific rules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
Abstract
The invention discloses a cross-chain communication method for inter-cloud computing environment value exchange, aiming at ensuring the safety, reliability and high efficiency of the value exchange process. The technical scheme is that a cross-chain communication system consisting of a cross-chain communication module, a node management module, a verification module and an accounting module is installed in each user node on each block chain, an intermediate chain is established, routing nodes are selected from the intermediate chain, and value transfer and communication among the chains are completed by the routing nodes; a cross-link communication module of a sender constructs a fund pool for the sender, a receiver and a routing node, fund transfer is carried out according to a fund transfer scheme, and an authentication module of the receiver authenticates the validity and availability of the fund of the sender in an intelligent contract mode; the accounting module of the receiving party broadcasts the transaction result, and the sending party, the receiving party and the MidChain generate a new block to store transaction data. The method and the device can ensure the safety, reliability and high efficiency of the value exchange process and realize seamless chain-to-chain communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to block chain and distributed field of cloud calculation, and in particular to one kind utilizes skill based on block chain
Art supports, the communication means of across chain carry out exchange of value.
Background technology
The concept of block chain this acute hearing in 08 year《Bitcoin:A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash
System》(i.e.《Bit coin：A kind of point-to-point electronic cash system》) in a text, the Floor layer Technology as bit coin is carried
Go out.In order to realize a kind of credible accounting system of point-to-point decentralization, middle acute hearing distinguishes each Transaction Information of bit coin
Be put into a block (i.e. one is used to store the block structure of transaction data cryptographic Hash and timestamp), each block according still further to when
Between stamp order be linked to be a chain, be known as block chain.User node on certain block chain (can also claim the use for belonging to certain block chain
Family node) refer to user terminal that all blocks on this block chain are synchronized to home server, in high in the clouds computing environment,
Refer in particular to cloud service consumer and cloud service provider.There are multiple user nodes on one block chain, all user nodes all possess
Broadcast capability, authentication function, the fund in distribution of fund pond, fund forwarding function.Further, since block chain can inherently be regarded as
One distributed account book, so whole block chain that each user node is synchronized to home server is referred to as local account book, with
The generation of new block, local account book also will be synchronously updated.So ideally realized by the form of block chain, middle acute hearing
Decentralization credible accounting system under peer-to-peer network.As shown in Fig. 2, block chain is by multiple blocks (first block of regulation
It is called wound generation block) it is linked to be according to the timestamps ordering of generation transaction.Each block is made of block head and other three data fields.
Block head includes 6 data fields, is respectively：Block ID, random number, upper block cryptographic Hash, generate block timestamp,
Merkle roots cryptographic Hash, difficulty value.Block ID is the numbering to each block, for being checked after the completion of authentication module and transaction
Transaction Information；Random number is to do a numeral of Hash operation with Transaction Information (Hash operation is a number random length
According to the computing for being mapped to fixed-length data, in bit coin using to be SHA-256 hash algorithms, from American National mark
The issue of accurate and Institute for Research and Technology《Secure hash standard》), for user node according to PoW common recognition mechanism contention book keeping operation power；On
One block cryptographic Hash refers to that each data domain information for the upper block being connected with affiliated block is merged into obtained by row Hash operation
The value arrived, the upper block cryptographic Hash of first block is 0；The timestamp of generation block refers to a string of expression block generated times
Character string；Merkle root cryptographic Hash is that each bar Transaction Information inside Transaction Information is passed through Merkle Proof methods
(Nakamoto S.Bitcoin:Apeer-to-peer electronic cash system [J] .2008, i.e.,《Bit coin：One
The point-to-point electronic cash system of kind》The 22-31 rows of page 4) merge form；Difficulty value is that user fights for book keeping operation temporary calculating Kazakhstan
The degree-of-difficulty factor of uncommon value.Area's the other three data field in the block is respectively：Block size, transaction counter, Transaction Information.Block
Size is the size of the block represented with byte number；Transaction counter is the number of transaction recorded in the block；Transaction Information is
To the information of every transaction record, recorded by user node according to specific transaction.Afterwards, it is subject to the inspiration of bit coin to open
Show, more and more enterprises for being directed to block chain infrastructure development pour in industry market, it is great it is representational including
Blockstream, Ripple and Ethereum etc..
The thought of bit coin is used for reference, ether mill attempts to build one on bit coin agreement generally completely without trusting
The intelligent contract platform on basis.It is one innovation programmable block platform chain, it is allowed to anyone is established in platform with
Use the decentralization application by block chain technical operation.Compared to bit coin block chain, purely it is one and believes on transaction
The list of breath, ether mill block chain is using account as basic unit, the state of its each account of tracking, on all ether mill block chains
State Transferring be all value and information between account transfer.Account is divided into external account and contract account, external account by
User is controlled by private key, and contract account is encoded by contract --- i.e. intelligent contract --- to control.
On intelligent contract, early in 1994, cryptologist Ni Kesabo (Nick Szabo) was just in the website of oneself
The concept of intelligent contract is proposed, but may not apply to reality always.After middle clever bit coin is suggested, just it is able to
Continue to develop.Intelligent contract be one section can automated execution computer program (such as《Ethereum White Paper:ANEXT
GENERATION SMART CONTRACT&DECENTRALIZED APPLICATION PLATFORM》, i.e.,《Ether mill：It is next
Generation intelligent contract and decentralization application platform》, the row of page 13 16 24 rows of page-the 17, describe intelligent contract in ether mill
How concept, write and how to use.Talked about in text：“Smart contracts,cryptographic"boxes"that
Contain value and only unlock it if certain conditions are met ", illustrate intelligent contract
Be one comprising valuable, and if only if the encryption box that can be just unlocked when meeting some specified conditions, i.e. one section of automated execution
The program of judgement action), input is for judging condition whether action executing in a program, when the condition finished an in advance quilt
During triggering, intelligent contract performs corresponding contract terms.It is deployed on block chain, it can be achieved that to transaction flow and number of deals
According to automatic manipulation, and then can also be realized by performing this section of program and be interacted with reality assets.
If if block chain solves the problems, such as that trading channel is insincere, then common recognition mechanism is then to solve block chain
How under distributed scene the problem of compliance.Representative common recognition algorithm has PBFT (Practical
Byzantine Fault Tolerance, practical Byzantine failure tolerance algorithm), PoW (Proof of Work, proof of work) altogether
Know algorithm (Nakamoto S.Bitcoin:Apeer-to-peer electronic cashsystem [J] .2008, i.e.,《Bit
Coin：A kind of point-to-point electronic cash system》The 1-22 rows of page 4), PoS (Proof of Stake, equity prove) common recognition calculate
Method etc..PBFT is a kind of common recognition algorithm based on message transmission produced under Byzantium's general's problem scenes.Asynchronous network ring
The maximum fault-tolerant number that PBFT algorithms can allow under border is (n-1)/3 (n is total node number).PBFT algorithms are by pre-preparation, standard
Standby, execution three phases compliance, and this three stage is possible to repeat because of failure.Based on proof of work
PoW common recognition algorithm be mainly used for block book keeping operation power contention in.The cryptographic Hash of one block (will area transaction note in the block
Record as obtained by Hash cryptographic calculation as a result, transaction record is represented by string number) be made of N number of leading zero, zero number
Difficulty value depending on network.Obtain rational cryptographic Hash needs to attempt to calculate by a large amount of, the calculating time depends on machine
Hash operation speed.User on block chain fights for book keeping operation power based on power is calculated, so as to obtain bit coin income, this operation
Also referred to as dig ore deposit.It is a probability event due to searching out correct cryptographic Hash, the calculation power of the whole network m% is accounted for when node possesses
When, which is the cryptographic Hash that the probability for having m% finds block, and m is real number.But PoW wasting of resources degree is high, and finally
Computing does not have practical use.PoS is the proof algorithm based on rights and interests, it considers that the record and proof on block chain should be by those
The people with economic interests safeguards and ensures on chain a bit.The all of currency are encrypted by requiring reference to provide certain amount
The high proof of work of difficulty is weighed rather than carries out, the calculation power that PoS has fundamentally broken away from PoW wastes.
Existing more cloud service providers, for example, Inter-Cloud, SuperCloud, Multi-Cloud,
FedeartedCloud etc., primarily focuses on to meet that cloud service consumer demand carries out the integration of resource, but it lacks
The service mode of win-win cooperation between platform and the mechanism support of participant's shared collaboration and cloud service provider.
It is to meet the needs of following cloud computing, adapting to cloud computing that high in the clouds, which calculates (Joint Cloud Computing),
Future development and the support technology of the existing research predicament of solving of proposing, it be using between cloud service provider open cooperation as
Basis, more cloud resource depth integrations, support the cloudy joint of self-service cooperation and interests exchange between cloud supplier, facilitate developer
Cloud service is customized by " software definition " mode, creates the cloud computing mode of new generation of cloud value.In high in the clouds calculates scene, cloud
Border chain coexists with other types of block chain (user's chain, business chain), there are the demand of exchange of value in wall scroll block chain, together
When, with various change and progress of cloud computing, the exchange of value demand between chain and chain also increasingly increases.
Under the development trend of internet globalization, single block chain structure is increasingly difficult to meet various transactional services
Demand.In order to tackle cloud computing transactional services challenge complicated and changeable, some companies propose the concept being traded across chain.
It is representative include that the side chain technology (Sidechain), Ripple companies that Blockstream companies propose propose across chain
Agreement Interledger etc..The side chain that Blockstream companies propose is one and is used for realization bit coin in multiple block interchains
The chain of transfer., it is necessary to wait a confirmation phase and a contest phase when fund shifts.The confirmation phase refers to that fund is being transferred to side chain
Before, it is necessary to be locked a period of time on the chain residing for fund sender, resisted so as to which enough workloads can be generated
Attack.And the contest phase is then to be used to prevent honeysuckle attack occur during restructuring.This two periods be all respectively necessary for wait 1-2 days when
Between lock fund.It is used to handle fund verification due to taking the excessive time, causes the inefficiency of side chain technology, can not
Meets the needs of arm's length dealing.
The Interledger agreements that Ripple companies propose are a kind of agreements for being paid between payment system.If
Both parties are in different payment systems, are no direct trading channel each other to complete transaction.For this
Situation, Interledger agreements propose, are added between the sender (Sender) and recipient (Receiver) of transaction funds
Middleware (Connectors) connects, and mode in this way, one is established between different payment systems and can directly be handed over
Easy passage, meanwhile, trustship and control to fund during by third party's fund hosted platform (Escrow) to realize that transaction prepares
System, but the huge exposure risk that Escrow has in itself causes the security of Interledger agreements exists to doubt.
Therefore, to realize and be traded or communicate across chain, also there is these following technical problems：
1. safety issue.Carrying out interchain communication based on digital cash needs to ensure the rights and interests of communicating pair, i.e.,
Ensure that transaction currency is effectively usable；Transaction record can truly trace；The possibility of malicious attack is low.Therefore, it is necessary to perfect machine
Make to safeguard trackability and the stable operation of transaction, at present technology often through third party (in Interledger
Escrow) transaction is exercised supervision and safeguarded, (there may be fraud since the third-party institution has some potential safety problems in itself
Behavior), so the safety of whole exchange of value process can not be guaranteed.
2. efficiency.Ensure security, then need to take considerable time for currency validation (including verification currency
Whether whether effective and currency can use in source) and true account (confirm to merchandise and simultaneously record).Technology takes considerable time mostly at present
For verifying the validity (such as side chain takes 2-4 days time for locking fund in a value Transfer) of fund, significantly
Reduce the efficiency of exchange of value.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of across chain communication party towards high in the clouds computing environment exchange of value
Method, ensures the safe and reliable and efficient of value exchange process, promotes the transaction between any two chains and communication exchange, realize chain
Seamless between chain communicates across chain.
The technical scheme is that in order to promote interchain exchange of value, passage is not directly connected to especially for some
Chain and across chain communication plan is provided.In high in the clouds computing environment, there are the block chain that one is known as high in the clouds chain, it is with other classes
The block chain of type all exists and leads to across chain (including the business chain of offer cloud computing service, and user's chain using cloud computing service)
The demand of letter.According to Ripple (auspicious ripple) company propose Interledger agreements (《AProtocol for Interledger
Payments》, i.e.,《Interledger white paper》) thought that middleware connects different payment systems is established, the present invention, which establishes, to be connected
The intermediate chain of (as shown in figure 4, by taking business chain A as an example) is connect between high in the clouds chain and any one chain, is carried out by intermediate chain across chain
Communication and then realized value exchange；Meanwhile the fund validity during exchange of value is carried out by the way of intelligent contract
Verification, ensures the security of process of exchange.The block chain that the present invention uses is identical with data structure shown in Fig. 2, in the block to area
The content of transaction information field provides.The content that every Transaction Information includes is：Transaction record call number, sender address,
Recipient address, trading resources content, the trade give-ups amount of money, the timestamp of generation transaction.Transaction record call number is to block
The numbering that each transaction record in chain described in i-th of block carries out in chronological order, for fund verification and has merchandised
Transaction Information is checked after, i is positive integer；Sender address refers to the IP address for the user node for initiating transaction；Recipient address
Refer to the IP address for the user node for receiving transaction；Trading resources content refers in cloud service transaction, and cloud service provider is to cloud service
The cloud service resource that consumer provides；The trade give-ups amount of money refers in cloud service transaction, and cloud service consumer buys cloud service and provides
The amount of money needed for resource that business provides；The timestamp of generation transaction refers to the character string of a string of expressions transaction generated time.
The present invention comprises the following steps：
The first step, across the chain communication system of installation in each user node on each block chain of high in the clouds computing environment, this is
System is made of across chain communication module, node administration module, authentication module, accounting module.
(merchandise across chain communication module sender, and present invention acquiescence transaction sender is purchase resource and props up with sender
Pay a side of the amount of money), (i.e. transaction acceptance side, offer resource is to recipient in present invention acquiescence transaction acceptance side and receives the amount of money
One side), node administration module, authentication module, accounting module be connected, be responsible for building intermediate chain, construction routing node fund pool, together
When be responsible for the communication between sender, recipient, routing node and carry out fund transfer.The request that it sends according to sender,
Determine sender address and recipient address, linkup transmit side and the intermediate chain of recipient are constructed according to the two addresses, will
All user node IP address on intermediate chain give node administration module；Across chain communication module receives road from node administration module
By node IP address, the service transacting that racks of going forward side by side is communicatively coupled according to routing node result, while by involved in transaction
Fund is sent to authentication module；Across chain communication module from authentication module receive transaction check and acceptance result, according to transaction check and acceptance result after
It is continuous to perform transaction or terminate；After across chain communication module completes transaction, Transaction Information is sent to accounting module.
Node administration module is connected with across chain communication module, and the user node IP on intermediate chain is received from across chain communication module
Address, the routing node that selection participation communicates across chain from the user node on intermediate chain, routing node IP address is sent to
Across chain communication module；
Authentication module is connected with across chain communication module, and transaction funds are received from across chain communication module, is responsible for verification transaction money
The validity and availability of gold, and transaction verification result is returned into across chain communication module；
Accounting module is connected with across chain communication module, sender, recipient, and Transaction Information is received from across chain communication module,
It is responsible for all user nodes of chain where transaction produces account book and is synchronized to sender and recipient.
Second step, across the chain communication module of sender build intermediate chain between sender and recipient.Method is as follows：
Across the chain communication module of 2.1 senders is according to sender address-StartAddr and recipient address EndAddr, structure
Intermediate chain is built, the intermediate chain of structure is represented with MidChain.Method is：
2.1.1 intermediate chain data structure is determined as block chain.
2.1.2 first block of intermediate chain is initialized：
2.1.2.1 block size is determined as byte-sized shared by whole block；
2.1.2.2 transaction counter is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.3 the block head of first block of intermediate chain is initialized：
2.1.2.3.1 block ID is initialized as 001；
2.1.2.3.2 random number is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.3.3 upper block cryptographic Hash is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.3.4 difficulty value is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.3.5, the timestamp for generating block is determined as to the time at block generation moment；
2.1.2.3.6 Merkle root cryptographic Hash is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.4 area's Transaction Information in the block is initialized：
2.1.2.4.1 transaction record call number is initialized as Mid-1-1 (and with Mid-1-2, Mid-1-3, Mid-1-4
Form increase successively)；
2.1.2.4.2 trading resources content is initialized as sky；
2.1.2.4.3 the trade give-ups amount of money is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.4.4 sender address is determined as StartAddr；
2.1.2.4.5 recipient address is determined as EndAddr；
2.1.2.4.6 the timestamp for generating transaction is initialized as 0；
2.1.3 the user node for belonging to MidChain is created, method is：Block chain, recipient where sender respectively
Arbitrarily the different user node server of selection at least five carrys out the block information on synchronous MidChain in the block chain of place, and
The server address being synchronized is recorded as to the IP address of user node.
2.1.4 all user node IP address on intermediate chain are sent to sender's by across the chain communication module of sender
Node administration module.
3rd step, the node administration module of sender receive the user node IP for belonging to MidChain from across chain communication module
Address, therefrom selects 1 user node to be as routing node, method：
3.1 know together algorithm to determine both candidate nodes scope using PoW, and method is：It is competing that calculation power is carried out using PoW common recognition algorithms
Strive, selection calculates first five most strong user node of power and most refers to that user node passes through computing by force as candidate node, the calculation power
A random number is most obtained soon so that the random number is merged one with 6 data in block head using Merkle Proof methods
Play the number obtained afterwards and meet that difficulty value is set, (maximum target value is fixation to difficulty value=maximum target value ÷ current target values
Cryptographic Hash, be generally set to 0x00000000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF FFFF
FFFFFF；Current target value is the block head cryptographic Hash of current block (this block being newly generated)).
3.2 due to the use of routing node connection communication need service charge (routing node as across chain communicate among connection
Node, will collect the charges, specific commission amount is made by oneself by routing node for sender and recipient's connection communication), because
They from five both candidate nodes gone out using PoW common recognition algorithms selections, are connected the service charge needed for both parties' communication by this
Height is ranked up, and selects the minimum both candidate nodes of service charge as the routing node on MidChain, abbreviation routing node.
Routing node IP address is sent to across the chain communication module of sender by the node administration module of 3.3 senders.
4th step, across the chain communication module of sender is according to sender, recipient's IP address and from node administration module
The routing node IP address of reception, to participate in sender, recipient and selected routing node the construction money across chain communication
Jin Chi, according to the fund transfer scheme that the sender, the recipient that participate in communicating across chain consult, (scheme includes the resource of purchase
Content and the principal amount of required transfer, the amount of money include hand needed for the amount of money needed for purchase resource and routing node connection communication again
Continue to pay dues with) carry out fund transfer.Comprise the following steps that：
4.1 establish independent fund pool to participate in this tripartite across sender, recipient and the routing node of chain communication, i.e.,
Node and its corresponding stored value amount of money are represented with the key-value pair shaped like (node IP address, the stored value amount of money)；
This tripartite of 4.2 senders, recipient and routing node prestores a part of fund into fund pool, that is, give this three
(node IP address, the stored value amount of money) of side assigns the IP address of three and corresponding stored value value respectively.
Fund transfer scheme is broadcast to routing node and recipient by 4.3 senders, and routing node and recipient receive extensively
The fund transfer scheme of broadcast, just whether verification fund transfer scheme content (fund shifts the amount of money and routing node service charge)
Really, if correctly, recipient will confirm that result (thinking that plan content is correct) is sent to routing node, and routing node is received
Collect and confirm that result (the confirmation result for including oneself) is signed afterwards, the fund transfer scheme for enclosing signature is returned into sender,
Meanwhile the fund involved in transaction is sent to the authentication module of oneself by routing node and recipient, turn the 5th step；If not just
Really, then error message is sent to routing node by recipient, and routing node, which gathers error message, (includes the mistake of oneself discovery
Information) and enclose the signature of oneself, error message is sent to sender, after sender checks modification fund transfer scheme, then
It is secondary to broadcast out, turn 4.3 steps.
5th step, the authentication module of recipient is by the way of intelligent contract to the validity and availability of sender's fund
Verified.The specific method of verification is：
5.1 input money in intelligent contract (program for the one section of automated execution judgement action being deployed in authentication module)
The Rule of judgment of gold：Judge whether funds source is effective, i.e., whether sender there are enough funds to be shifted.
Each block of the 5.2 traversal affiliated block chains of sender, inquires about Transaction Information (the i.e. trade give-ups gold of sender
Volume and trading resources content), judge sender with the presence or absence of enough funds be used for this transaction (i.e. sender to be transferred to fund total
Volume, which subtracts, produces whether capital investment is more than the amount of the fund that this transaction needs to produce), if enough funds are not present, explanation is tested
Card failure, fund transfer scheme cancel, both parties coordinate in next step operate, according to coordinate as a result, or turn 4.3 steps, by sending
Side regenerates fund transfer scheme and broadcasts again；Or turn the 7th step and terminate this transaction；If there are enough funds, illustrate
It is proved to be successful, the result being proved to be successful is returned to across the chain communication module of sender, turns 5.3 steps；
The trade give-ups amount of money of across the chain communication module of 5.3 senders according to involved in fund transfer scheme redistributes money
(node IP address, the stored value amount of money) of sender, i.e., is changed to (node IP address, existing fund gold by the fund in Jin Chi
Volume) fund transfer, (the existing principal amount=stored value amount of money-trade give-ups amount of money) are completed, and Transaction Information is sent to
Accounting module.
6th step, the accounting module of recipient receives the Transaction Information sent in 5.3 steps from across chain communication module, by each
Bar block chain (including block chain, MidChain where block chain, recipient where sender) obtains the user node of book keeping operation power
New block is generated, is put into respectively in respective block chain, with store transaction information, method is：
6.1 accounting modules by Transaction Information (including transaction record call number, trading resources content, the trade give-ups amount of money, hair
The timestamp of the side of sending address, recipient address and generation transaction) carrying out Hash operation, (target text is converted into having by one kind
The algorithm of the hash character string of equal length, using National Institute of Standards and Technology's issue《Secure hash standard》In
SHA-256 hash algorithms) after, each user section on block chain where being broadcast to sender and recipient and intermediate chain
Point.
6.2 each user nodes (including chain where chain, reception where sender and all user nodes on intermediate chain)
Contention book keeping operation power, method are to carry out calculating power competition using PoW common recognition algorithms, select and calculate 1 most strong user node of power.Every area
Block chain finally has a user node to obtain book keeping operation power, and a new block is generated on the affiliated block chain of the user's node,
And block size, transaction counter, block head and Transaction Information are together put into newly-generated block.It is each interior in block
It is as follows to hold assignment：
6.2.1 block size is determined as the byte-sized shared by whole block；
6.2.2 transaction counter is determined as transaction count included in the block；
6.2.3 6 data difference assignment included in block head：
6.2.3.1 block ID is that (i is block sequence number to 00i, and with the increase of block, the value of i presses n+1, n+2, n+3's ...
Regular increase, n are the affiliated original block counts of block chain of user node for obtaining book keeping operation power, and n is positive integer)；
6.2.3.2 random number is to obtain the random number that the user node of book keeping operation power is obtained in contention book keeping operation temporary computing
Value；
6.2.3.3 upper block cryptographic Hash is the cryptographic Hash of a upper block；
6.2.3.4 difficulty value is determined by formula difficulty value=maximum target value ÷ current target values；
6.2.3.5 the timestamp for generating block is determined as the time at block generation moment；
6.2.3.6Merkle root Hash is the cryptographic Hash that Transaction Information is merged by Merkle Proof methods；
6.2.4 6 data difference assignment that Transaction Information is included：
6.2.4.1 transaction record call number is assigned a value of Mid- (i-1)；
6.2.4.2, trading resources content is determined as to the resource content (character string forms) of particular transactions；
6.2.4.3 the trade give-ups amount of money is determined as the amount of money number that particular transactions are shifted；
6.2.4.4 sender address is determined as StartAddr；
6.2.4.5 recipient address is determined as EndAddr；
6.2.4.6, the timestamp for generating transaction is determined as to the time at transaction generation moment；
Each user node on 6.3 senders and recipient's place block chain and intermediate chain is synchronous by newly-generated block
Download to respective local account book.
7th step, this cloud service transaction communications terminate.
Following technique effect can be reached using the present invention：
1. since Transaction Information is recorded in the local account book of each user node by accounting module, evade only by merchandising
The problem of Transaction Information trackability caused by both sides' book keeping operation is poor, while it also avoid third party's mandatory system fund opening wind
The problem of danger is big.
2. since the 5th step is by the way of intelligent contract, compared with existing fund verification mode, efficiency is improved.
For example, locked in side chain technology by the fund of two waiting periods to complete to verify, two waiting periods spend altogether 2-4 days when
Between, so, seriously affect transaction process.And by the way of intelligent contract, for whether effective (the i.e. fund of fund
The transaction record of upper one whether there is), whether available (i.e. whether the fund has been used) pre-sets rule, be automatically performed
Fund verification, reduces the unnecessary stand-by period, accelerates true account speed, transaction efficient and is guaranteed in order.
3. in the 4th step by the way of fund pool is established, according to the described transfer object of fund distribution schemes and the amount of money
To redistribute the amount of the fund in both sides' fund pool, mode in this way, compared with specific currency directly shift,
Security increases.Meanwhile such a mode is also applied for multiple small-sized transaction, directly changes principal amount, reducing need not
The time delay wanted, it is more efficient.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the scene graph that chain communicates with the span chain of chain in high in the clouds computing environment.
Fig. 2 is the data structure diagram of block chain of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is across the chain communication system logical structure chart towards high in the clouds computing environment of first step structure of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the intermediate chain linkup transmit side that builds of the present invention and recipient and the scene graph that communicates.
Fig. 5 is overall flow figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the scene graph that chain communicates with the span chain of chain in high in the clouds computing environment in background technology.Ring is calculated in high in the clouds
In border, there is various types of other block chain (data structure of block chain is as shown in Figure 2), including various chain connection cooperations are linked up
High in the clouds chain, there is provided business chain A, the business chain B of cloud computing service, and purchase using cloud computing service user's chain C, user
Chain D.User node (including CSP (cloud service provider) and CSC (cloud service consumer)) on different chains all there is
The demand of transaction.For this situation across chain, it is necessary to build an intermediate chain between two chains of communication to connect.
Fig. 2 is the data structure diagram of block chain of the present invention.The present invention advises the content of area's transaction information field in the block
It is fixed.The content that every Transaction Information includes is：Transaction record call number, sender address, recipient address, in trading resources
Appearance, the trade give-ups amount of money, the timestamp of generation transaction.Existing block chain described in area's other information in the block and background technology
It is identical.
Fig. 3 is across the chain communication system logical structure chart towards high in the clouds computing environment of first step structure of the present invention.Across chain
(merchandise communication module sender, and present invention acquiescence transaction sender is the one of purchase resource and payment with sender
Side), recipient's (i.e. transaction acceptance side, offer resource is in present invention acquiescence transaction acceptance side and receives a side of the amount of money), node
Management module, authentication module, accounting module are connected, and are responsible for building intermediate chain, construction routing node fund pool, while be responsible for transmission
Communication between side, recipient, routing node simultaneously carries out fund transfer.The request that it sends according to sender, determines sender
Address and recipient address, construct linkup transmit side and the intermediate chain of recipient, by intermediate chain according to the two addresses
All user node IP address give node administration module；Across chain communication module is from node administration module reception routing node IP
Location, the service transacting that racks of going forward side by side is communicatively coupled according to routing node result, while the fund involved in transaction is sent to
Authentication module；Across chain communication module receives transaction check and acceptance result from authentication module, and transaction is continued to execute according to transaction check and acceptance result
Or terminate；After across chain communication module completes transaction, Transaction Information is sent to accounting module.
Node administration module is connected with across chain communication module, and the user node IP on intermediate chain is received from across chain communication module
Address, the routing node that selection participation communicates across chain from the user node on intermediate chain, routing node IP address is sent to
Across chain communication module；
Authentication module is connected with across chain communication module, and transaction funds are received from across chain communication module, is responsible for verification transaction money
The validity and availability of gold, and transaction verification result is returned into across chain communication module；
Accounting module is connected with across chain communication module, sender, recipient, and Transaction Information is received from across chain communication module,
It is responsible for all user nodes of chain where transaction produces account book and is synchronized to sender and recipient.
Fig. 4 is the intermediate chain connection sender that the present invention is built and recipient and the scene graph to communicate.Assuming that high in the clouds
There is the demand to communicate between chain and business chain A, but direct linkage path is not present, then build centre between two chains
Chain, Node2 are the routing nodes of intermediate chain, and the routing node of sender, recipient and intermediate chain are equipped with a fund pool.
Fig. 5 is the overall flow figure of the present invention.The present invention comprises the following steps that：
The first step, across the chain communication system of installation in each user node on each block chain of high in the clouds computing environment, this is
System across chain communication module, node administration module, authentication module, accounting module as shown in figure 3, be made of.
Second step, across the chain communication module of sender build intermediate chain between sender and recipient.Method is as follows：
Across the chain communication module of 2.1 senders is according to sender address-StartAddr and recipient address EndAddr, structure
Intermediate chain is built, the intermediate chain of structure is represented with MidChain.Method is：
2.1.1 intermediate chain data structure is determined as block chain.
2.1.2 first block of intermediate chain is initialized：
2.1.2.1 block size is determined as byte-sized shared by whole block；
2.1.2.2 transaction counter is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.3 the block head of first block of intermediate chain is initialized：
2.1.2.3.1 block ID is initialized as 001；
2.1.2.3.2 random number is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.3.3 upper block cryptographic Hash is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.3.4 difficulty value is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.3.5, the timestamp for generating block is determined as to the time at block generation moment；
2.1.2.3.6 Merkle root cryptographic Hash is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.4 area's Transaction Information in the block is initialized：
2.1.2.4.1 transaction record call number is initialized as Mid-1-1 (and with Mid-1-2, Mid-1-3, Mid-1-4
Form increase successively)；
2.1.2.4.2 trading resources content is initialized as sky；
2.1.2.4.3 the trade give-ups amount of money is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.4.4 sender address is determined as StartAddr；
2.1.2.4.5 recipient address is determined as EndAddr；
2.1.2.4.6 the timestamp for generating transaction is initialized as 0；
2.1.3 the user node for belonging to MidChain is created, method is：Block chain, recipient where sender respectively
Arbitrarily the different user node server of selection at least five carrys out the block information on synchronous MidChain in the block chain of place, and
The server address being synchronized is recorded as to the IP address of user node.
2.1.4 all user node IP address on intermediate chain are sent to sender's by across the chain communication module of sender
Node administration module.
3rd step, the node administration module of sender receive the user node IP for belonging to MidChain from across chain communication module
Address, therefrom selects 1 user node to be as routing node, method：
3.1 know together algorithm to determine both candidate nodes scope using PoW, and method is：It is competing that calculation power is carried out using PoW common recognition algorithms
Strive, selection calculates first five most strong user node of power and most refers to that user node passes through computing by force as candidate node, the calculation power
A random number is most obtained soon so that the random number is merged one with 6 data in block head using Merkle Proof methods
Play the number obtained afterwards and meet that difficulty value is set, (maximum target value is fixation to difficulty value=maximum target value ÷ current target values
Cryptographic Hash, be generally set to 0x00000000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF FFFF
FFFFFF；Current target value is the block head cryptographic Hash of current block (this block being newly generated)).
3.2 due to the use of routing node connection communication need service charge (routing node as across chain communicate among connection
Node, will collect the charges, specific commission amount is made by oneself by routing node for sender and recipient's connection communication), because
They from five both candidate nodes gone out using PoW common recognition algorithms selections, are connected the service charge needed for both parties' communication by this
Height is ranked up, and selects the minimum both candidate nodes of service charge as the routing node on MidChain, abbreviation routing node.
Routing node IP address is sent to across the chain communication module of sender by the node administration module of 3.3 senders.
4th step, across the chain communication module of sender is according to sender, recipient's IP address and from node administration module
The routing node IP address of reception, to participate in sender, recipient and selected routing node the construction money across chain communication
Jin Chi, fund transfer is carried out according to the fund transfer scheme that the sender, the recipient that participate in communicating across chain consult.Specific steps
It is as follows：
4.1 establish independent fund pool to participate in this tripartite across sender, recipient and the routing node of chain communication, i.e.,
Node and its corresponding stored value amount of money are represented with the key-value pair shaped like (node IP address, the stored value amount of money)；
This tripartite of 4.2 senders, recipient and routing node prestores a part of fund into fund pool, that is, give this three
(node IP address, the stored value amount of money) of side assigns the IP address of three and corresponding stored value value respectively.
Fund transfer scheme is broadcast to routing node and recipient by 4.3 senders, and routing node and recipient receive extensively
The fund transfer scheme of broadcast, whether verification fund transfer scheme content is correct, if correctly, recipient will confirm that result (i.e.
Think that plan content is correct) routing node is sent to, routing node, which gathers, confirms that result (includes the confirmation knot of oneself
Fruit) sign afterwards, the fund transfer scheme for enclosing signature is returned into sender, meanwhile, during routing node and recipient will merchandise
The fund being related to is sent to the authentication module of oneself, turns the 5th step；If incorrect, error message is sent to route by recipient
Node, routing node gather error message (including the error message oneself found) and enclose the signature of oneself, mistake is believed
Breath is sent to sender, after sender checks modification fund transfer scheme, is broadcast out again, turns 4.3 steps.
5th step, the authentication module of recipient is by the way of intelligent contract to the validity and availability of sender's fund
Verified.The specific method of verification is：
5.1 input the Rule of judgment of fund in intelligent contract：Judge whether funds source is effective, i.e., whether sender has
Enough funds are shifted.
Each block of the 5.2 traversal affiliated block chains of sender, inquires about Transaction Information (the i.e. trade give-ups gold of sender
Volume and trading resources content), judge sender with the presence or absence of enough funds be used for this transaction (i.e. sender to be transferred to fund total
Volume, which subtracts, produces whether capital investment is more than the amount of the fund that this transaction needs to produce), if enough funds are not present, explanation is tested
Card failure, fund transfer scheme cancel, both parties coordinate in next step operate, according to coordinate as a result, or turn 4.3 steps, by sending
Side regenerates fund transfer scheme and broadcasts again；Or turn the 7th step and terminate this transaction；If there are enough funds, illustrate
It is proved to be successful, the result being proved to be successful is returned to across the chain communication module of sender, turns 5.3 steps；
The trade give-ups amount of money of across the chain communication module of 5.3 senders according to involved in fund transfer scheme redistributes money
(node IP address, the stored value amount of money) of sender, i.e., is changed to (node IP address, existing fund gold by the fund in Jin Chi
Volume) fund transfer, the existing principal amount=stored value amount of money-trade give-ups amount of money are completed, and Transaction Information is sent to note
Account module.
6th step, the accounting module of recipient receives the Transaction Information sent in 5.3 steps from across chain communication module, by each
Bar block chain (including block chain, MidChain where block chain, recipient where sender) obtains the user node of book keeping operation power
New block is generated, is put into respectively in respective block chain, with store transaction information, method is：
It is (a kind of that target text is converted into having equal length that Transaction Information is carried out Hash operation by 6.1 accounting modules
The algorithm of hash character string, using National Institute of Standards and Technology's issue《Secure hash standard》In SHA-256
Hash algorithm) after, block chain where being broadcast to sender and recipient and each user node on intermediate chain.
6.2 each user nodes (including chain where chain, reception where sender and all user nodes on intermediate chain)
Contention book keeping operation power, method are to carry out calculating power competition using PoW common recognition algorithms, select and calculate 1 most strong user node of power.Every area
Block chain finally has a user node to obtain book keeping operation power, and a new block is generated on the affiliated block chain of the user's node,
And block size, transaction counter, block head and Transaction Information are together put into newly-generated block.It is each interior in block
It is as follows to hold assignment：
6.2.1 block size is determined as the byte-sized shared by whole block；
6.2.2 transaction counter is determined as transaction count included in the block；
6.2.3 6 data difference assignment included in block head：
6.2.3.1 block ID is that (i is block sequence number to 00i, and with the increase of block, the value of i presses n+1, n+2, n+3's ...
Regular increase, n are the affiliated original block counts of block chain of user node for obtaining book keeping operation power, and n is positive integer)；
6.2.3.2 random number is to obtain the random number that the user node of book keeping operation power is obtained in contention book keeping operation temporary computing
Value；
6.2.3.3 upper block cryptographic Hash is the cryptographic Hash of a upper block；
6.2.3.4 difficulty value is determined by formula difficulty value=maximum target value ÷ current target values；
6.2.3.5 the timestamp for generating block is determined as the time at block generation moment；
6.2.3.6Merkle root Hash is the cryptographic Hash that Transaction Information is merged by Merkle Proof methods；
6.2.4 6 data difference assignment that Transaction Information is included：
6.2.4.1 transaction record call number is assigned a value of Mid- (i-1)；
6.2.4.2, trading resources content is determined as to the resource content of particular transactions；
6.2.4.3 the trade give-ups amount of money is determined as the amount of money number that particular transactions are shifted；
6.2.4.4 sender address is determined as StartAddr；
6.2.4.5 recipient address is determined as EndAddr；
6.2.4.6, the timestamp for generating transaction is determined as to the time at transaction generation moment；
Each user node on 6.3 senders and recipient's place block chain and intermediate chain is synchronous by newly-generated block
Download to respective local account book.
7th step, this cloud service transaction communications terminate.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of across chain communication means towards high in the clouds computing environment exchange of value, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The first step, across the chain communication system of installation in each user node on each block chain of high in the clouds computing environment, the system by
Across chain communication module, node administration module, authentication module, accounting module composition；User node on block chain belongs to certain
The user node of block chain refers to the user terminal that all blocks on this block chain are synchronized to home server, including cloud clothes
Business consumer and cloud service provider；
Across chain communication module and sender i.e. transaction sender, recipient, that is, transaction acceptance side, node administration module, verification mould
Block, accounting module are connected, and are responsible for building intermediate chain, construction routing node fund pool, while be responsible for sender, recipient, route
Communication between node simultaneously carries out fund transfer；The request that it sends according to sender, with determining sender address and recipient
Location, linkup transmit side and the intermediate chain of recipient are constructed according to the two addresses, by all user node IP on intermediate chain
Give node administration module in address；Across chain communication module receives routing node IP address from node administration module, is saved according to route
Point result is communicatively coupled the service transacting that racks of going forward side by side, while the fund involved in transaction is sent to authentication module；Across chain
Communication module receives transaction check and acceptance result from authentication module, and transaction or termination are continued to execute according to transaction check and acceptance result；Lead to across chain
After believing that module completes transaction, Transaction Information is sent to accounting module；
Node administration module is connected with across chain communication module, from across chain communication module with receiving the user node IP on intermediate chain
Location, from the user node on intermediate chain selection participate in across chain communication routing node, by routing node IP address be sent to across
Chain communication module；
Authentication module is connected with across chain communication module, and transaction funds are received from across chain communication module, is responsible for verification transaction funds
Validity and availability, and transaction verification result is returned into across chain communication module；
Accounting module is connected with across chain communication module, sender, recipient, receives Transaction Information from across chain communication module, is responsible for
Account book is produced for transaction and is synchronized to all user nodes of sender and recipient place chain；
Second step, across the chain communication module of sender build intermediate chain between sender and recipient, and method is as follows：
Across the chain communication module of 2.1 senders is according to sender address StartAddr and recipient address EndAddr, in structure
Between chain MidChain, method is：
2.1.1 intermediate chain data structure is determined as block chain, the content that area's Transaction Information in the block includes is：Transaction record rope
Quotation marks, sender address, recipient address, trading resources content, the trade give-ups amount of money, the timestamp of generation transaction；Transaction note
Record call number is the numbering carried out in chronological order to each transaction record described in i-th of block in block chain, is used for
Transaction Information is checked after the completion of fund verification and transaction；Sender address refers to the IP address for the user node for initiating transaction；Receive
Square address refers to the IP address for the user node for receiving transaction；Trading resources content refer to cloud service transaction in, cloud service provider to
The cloud service resource that cloud service consumer provides；The trade give-ups amount of money refers in cloud service transaction, and cloud service consumer buys cloud clothes
The amount of money being engaged in needed for the resource that provider provides；The timestamp of generation transaction refers to the character sequence of a string of expressions transaction generated time
Row；I is positive integer；
2.1.2 first block of intermediate chain is initialized；
2.1.3 the user node for belonging to MidChain is created, method is：Respectively where block chain, recipient where sender
Arbitrarily the different user node server of selection at least five carrys out the block information on synchronous MidChain in block chain, and will be same
The server address walked is recorded as the IP address of user node；
2.1.4 all user node IP address on intermediate chain are sent to the node of sender by across the chain communication module of sender
Management module；
3rd step, the node administration module of sender is with receiving the user node IP for belonging to MidChain from across chain communication module
Location, therefrom selects 1 user node to be as routing node, method：
3.1 know together algorithm to determine both candidate nodes scope using PoW；
3.2 connect the service charge needed for both parties' communication from the both candidate nodes gone out using PoW common recognition algorithms selections, to them
Height is ranked up, and selects the minimum both candidate nodes of service charge as the routing node on MidChain, abbreviation routing node；
Routing node IP address is sent to across the chain communication module of sender by the node administration module of 3.3 senders；
4th step, across the chain communication module of sender are received according to sender, recipient's IP address and from node administration module
Routing node IP address, to participate in the sender across chain communication, recipient and selected routing node construct fund
Pond, carries out fund transfer, specific steps are such as according to the fund transfer scheme that the sender, the recipient that participate in communicating across chain consult
Under：
4.1 establish independent fund pool to participate in this tripartite across sender, recipient and the routing node of chain communication, that is, use shape
Node and its corresponding stored value amount of money are represented such as the key-value pair of (node IP address, the stored value amount of money)；
This tripartite of 4.2 senders, recipient and routing node prestores a part of fund into fund pool, i.e., to this tripartite's
(node IP address, the stored value amount of money) assigns the IP address of three and corresponding stored value value respectively；
Fund transfer scheme is broadcast to routing node and recipient by 4.3 senders, and routing node and recipient, which receive, to be broadcast out
Fund transfer scheme, verification fund transfer scheme content it is whether correct, if correctly, recipient will confirm that result is sent to road
By node, routing node is signed after gathering confirmation result, the fund transfer scheme for enclosing signature is returned to sender, together
When, the fund involved in transaction is sent to the authentication module of oneself by routing node and recipient, turns the 5th step；If incorrect,
Then error message is sent to routing node by recipient, and routing node gathers error message and encloses the signature of oneself, by mistake
False information is sent to sender, after sender checks modification fund transfer scheme, is broadcast out again, turns 4.3 steps；The fund
Transfer scheme content includes the fund transfer amount of money and routing node service charge, and the confirmation is the result is that think the correct nothing of plan content
By mistake as a result, the confirmation for confirming result including routing node itself as a result, the error message includes routing node oneself
It was found that error message；
5th step, the authentication module of recipient carry out the validity and availability of sender's fund by the way of intelligent contract
Verification, the specific method of verification are：
5.1 input sentencing for fund in the program that intelligent contract is the one section of automated execution judgement action being deployed in authentication module
Broken strip part：Judge whether funds source is effective, i.e., whether sender there are enough funds to be shifted；
5.2 traversal the affiliated block chains of sender each block, inquire about sender the Transaction Information i.e. trade give-ups amount of money and
Trading resources content, judges that sender subtracts with the presence or absence of enough funds for this transaction, the i.e. capital investment that is transferred to of sender
Go to produce whether capital investment is more than the amount of the fund that this transaction needs to produce, if enough funds are not present, illustrate that verification is lost
Lose, fund transfer scheme cancel, both parties coordinate in next step operate, according to coordinate as a result, or turn 4.3 steps, or turn the 7th step
Terminate this transaction；If there are enough funds, illustrate to be proved to be successful, by the result being proved to be successful return to sender across chain
Communication module, turns 5.3 steps；
The trade give-ups amount of money of across the chain communication module of 5.3 senders according to involved in fund transfer scheme redistributes fund pool
In fund, i.e., it is complete (node IP address, the stored value amount of money) of sender to be changed to (node IP address, existing principal amount)
Shifted into fund, (the existing principal amount=stored value amount of money-trade give-ups amount of money), and Transaction Information is sent to book keeping operation mould
Block；
6th step, the accounting module of recipient receives the Transaction Information sent from across chain communication module, by sender location
Block chain, MidChain where block chain, recipient obtain the user node generation new block of book keeping operation power, are put into respective area respectively
In block chain, method is：
After Transaction Information is carried out Hash operation by 6.1 accounting modules, block chain, Yi Jizhong where being broadcast to sender and recipient
Between each user node on chain；
Chain, all user node contentions book keeping operation received on place chain and intermediate chain are weighed where 6.2 senders, and method is to use
PoW common recognition algorithms carry out calculating power competition, select and calculate 1 most strong user node of power；Every block chain finally has user's section
Point obtains book keeping operation power, and a new block is generated on the affiliated block chain of the user's node, and by block size, transaction count
Device, block head, Transaction Information are together put into newly-generated block；
Each user node on 6.3 senders and recipient's place block chain and intermediate chain synchronously downloads newly-generated block
To respective local account book；
7th step, this cloud service transaction communications terminate.
A kind of 2. across chain communication means towards high in the clouds computing environment exchange of value as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
2.1.2 walking the method for first block of the initialization intermediate chain is：
2.1.2.1 block size is determined as byte-sized shared by whole block；
2.1.2.2 transaction counter is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.3 the block head of first block of intermediate chain is initialized：
2.1.2.3.1 block ID is initialized as 001；
2.1.2.3.2 random number is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.3.3 upper block cryptographic Hash is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.3.4 difficulty value is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.3.5, the timestamp for generating block is determined as to the time at block generation moment；
2.1.2.3.6 Merkle root cryptographic Hash is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.4 area's Transaction Information in the block is initialized：
2.1.2.4.1 transaction record call number is initialized as Mid-1-1；
2.1.2.4.2 trading resources content is initialized as sky；
2.1.2.4.3 the trade give-ups amount of money is initialized as 0；
2.1.2.4.4 sender address is determined as StartAddr；
2.1.2.4.5 recipient address is determined as EndAddr；
2.1.2.4.6 the timestamp for generating transaction is initialized as 0.
A kind of 3. across chain communication means towards high in the clouds computing environment exchange of value as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
It is to determine the method for both candidate nodes scope using PoW common recognition algorithms described in 3.1 steps：It is competing that calculation power is carried out using PoW common recognition algorithms
Strive, selection calculates first five most strong user node of power and most refers to that user node passes through computing by force as candidate node, the calculation power
A random number is most obtained soon so that the random number is merged one with 6 data in block head using Merkle Proof methods
Play the number obtained afterwards and meet that difficulty value is set, difficulty value=maximum target value ÷ current target values, maximum target value is fixation
Cryptographic Hash, current target value is the block head cryptographic Hash of this block being newly generated for current block.
A kind of 4. across chain communication means towards high in the clouds computing environment exchange of value as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that
The maximum target value is 0x00000000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF FFF
FFFFFFF。
A kind of 5. across chain communication means towards high in the clouds computing environment exchange of value as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Block size, transaction counter, block head, Transaction Information are together put into newly-generated area method in the block described in 6.2 steps is：
6.2.1 block size is determined as the byte-sized shared by whole block；
6.2.2 transaction counter is determined as transaction count included in the block；
6.2.3 6 data difference assignment included in block head：
6.2.3.1 block ID is 00i, and i is block sequence number, and with the increase of block, the value of i presses n+1, the rule of n+2, n+3 ...
It is incremented by, n is the affiliated original block counts of block chain of user node for obtaining book keeping operation power, and n is positive integer；
6.2.3.2 random number is to obtain the random number that the user node of book keeping operation power is obtained in contention book keeping operation temporary computing；
6.2.3.3 upper block cryptographic Hash is the cryptographic Hash of a upper block；
6.2.3.4 difficulty value is determined by formula difficulty value=maximum target value ÷ current target values；
6.2.3.5 the timestamp for generating block is determined as the time at block generation moment；
6.2.3.6 Merkle roots Hash is the cryptographic Hash that Transaction Information is merged by Merkle Proof methods；
6.2.4 6 data difference assignment that Transaction Information is included：
6.2.4.1 transaction record call number is assigned a value of Mid- (i-1)；
6.2.4.2, trading resources content is determined as to the resource content of particular transactions；
6.2.4.3 the trade give-ups amount of money is determined as the amount of money number that particular transactions are shifted；
6.2.4.4 sender address is determined as StartAddr；
6.2.4.5 recipient address is determined as EndAddr；
6.2.4.6, the timestamp for generating transaction is determined as to the time at transaction generation moment.
A kind of 6. across chain communication means towards high in the clouds computing environment exchange of value as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Hash operation described in 6.1 steps is a kind of algorithm for the hash character string for being converted into having equal length by target text, is used
SHA-256 hash algorithms.
A kind of 7. across chain communication means towards high in the clouds computing environment exchange of value as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described sender is a side of purchase resource and payment, and the recipient is offer resource and receives a side of the amount of money.
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Cited By (65)
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