CN107951600B

CN107951600B - Femoral condyle and knee joint prosthesis with same

Info

Publication number: CN107951600B
Application number: CN201711102946.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田华; 王彩梅
Original assignee: Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-11-09
Filing date: 2017-11-09
Publication date: 2023-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-09
Also published as: CN107951600A

Abstract

The application provides a femoral condyle and a knee joint prosthesis with the same, wherein the femoral condyle is arranged between a tibia and a femur, and comprises: the femoral condyle main body is arranged at one end of the femur close to the tibia; the fixing structure is arranged on one side of the femoral condyle main body, which is contacted with the femur, so that the femoral condyle main body is fixedly connected to the femur, the fixing structure comprises a base body and fixing teeth arranged on the base body, and the fixing teeth can extend into bones of the femur. The technical scheme of the application solves the problem that the femoral condyle is easy to loosen and fall off in the prior art.

Description

Femoral condyle and knee joint prosthesis with same

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a femoral condyle and a knee joint prosthesis with the femoral condyle.

Background

Knee unicondylar replacement (UKA) has been used for more than 30 years to treat unicompartmental tibiofemoral arthritis. Despite the poor results reported earlier, a safe and reliable treatment has now been developed. To ensure efficacy of UKA, proper cases, exquisite surgical skills, and avoidance of overcorrection of deformity are required. This method is suitable for patients with localized pain, good mobility, and simultaneously imaging a single shot of tibiofemoral arthritis. Compared with total knee replacement, UKA has larger postoperative activity, higher patient satisfaction, and equivalent survival rate of the prosthesis in the middle stage.

As a surgical implant, the unicondylar knee joint also faces the problem of prosthesis fixation, and good fixation can realize early, middle and long-term fixation of the prosthesis, prevent the prosthesis from loosening and prolong the service life of the prosthesis. At present, the fixation mode of the unicondylar femoral prosthesis is single: the bone cement on the osteotomy face is fixed and added with 1-2 short and thick fixing piles, the risk of loosening the prosthesis still faces in long term, and the problem of poor fixing effect exists in the traditional mode because the intramedullary fixing piles are short and the fixing mode is single. Particularly for patients with osteoporosis, the fixing piles have limited functions, and the unicondylar femoral prosthesis can loose and fall off after a period of life.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a femoral condyle and a knee joint prosthesis with the same, which are used for solving the problems that the femoral condyle is easy to loose in the bones of a patient and difficult to effectively fix so as to influence the normal life of the patient in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a femoral condyle disposed between a tibia and a femur, the femoral condyle comprising: the femoral condyle main body is arranged at one end of the femur close to the tibia; the fixing structure is arranged on one side of the femoral condyle main body, which is contacted with the femur, so that the femoral condyle main body is fixedly connected to the femur, the fixing structure comprises a base body and fixing teeth arranged on the base body, and the fixing teeth can extend into bones of the femur.

Further, the base body is cylindrical, the cylindrical base body comprises a plurality of elastic sheets which are arranged at intervals, and the fixed teeth are arranged on part of the elastic sheets.

Further, the plurality of shrapnel comprise a plurality of movable shrapnels and a plurality of fixed shrapnel, a first end of the fixed shrapnel is fixedly connected on the femoral condyle main body, a second end of the fixed shrapnel is connected with a first end of an adjacent movable shrapnel, a second end of the movable shrapnel is a free end and extends towards the femoral condyle main body, and the fixed teeth are arranged on the movable shrapnel.

Further, a plurality of movable shrapnel and a plurality of fixed shrapnel are staggered.

Further, the fixing structure further comprises a base, and the plurality of fixing elastic pieces are arranged on the femoral condyle main body through the base.

Further, the plurality of fixing teeth are arranged along the axial direction of the base body, and the heights of the plurality of fixing teeth are gradually increased from the end part of the base body to the root part of the base body.

Further, through holes are formed in the base body, the through holes are multiple, and the through holes are arranged along the axial direction of the base body.

Further, the femoral condyle body surface facing the femur includes a plurality of angled planes.

Further, the plurality of mutually angled planes includes a first osteotomy face perpendicular to a force axis of the femur, the angle β between the axis of the femoral condyle body and the first osteotomy face satisfying: beta is more than or equal to 70 degrees and less than or equal to 80 degrees.

According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a knee prosthesis comprising a femoral condyle, the femoral condyle being the femoral condyle described above.

By applying the technical scheme of the application, the fixing teeth which can extend into the bone of the femur are arranged on the fixing structure of the femoral condyle, so that the contact area between the fixing structure and the bone of the femur is increased, the original single fit mode of the adhesive fit or the interference fit between the fixing structure and the bone is replaced by the complex fit mode of the interference fit and the abutting fit, and the possibility of separation of the fixing structure and the bone and the backward looseness of the femoral condyle is reduced. Particularly for patients with osteoporosis, the fixed teeth can act on the bone during implantation, so that the bone density is increased, the fixed teeth can be in abutting fit with the bone after implantation is completed, and the possibility of loosening a fixed structure is reduced.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a femoral condyle embodiment in accordance with the present application from a first perspective;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the femoral condyle of FIG. 1 from a second view;

FIG. 3 shows a partial schematic view of a trephine for use with the femoral condyle of FIG. 1; and

fig. 4 shows a schematic view of the femoral condyle of fig. 1 in an expanded configuration with a movable dome.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a femoral condyle body; 20. a fixed structure; 21. a base; 211. a movable spring plate; 212. a fixed spring plate; 22. a fixed tooth; 23. a base; 24. and a through hole.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

The femoral condyle of this embodiment is disposed between the tibia and femur of a recipient patient, and as shown in fig. 1, the femoral condyle of this embodiment includes a femoral condyle body 10 and a fixation structure 20. Wherein the femoral condyle body 10 is disposed at an end of the femur near the tibia. The fixing structure 20 is provided at a side of the femoral condyle body 10 contacting the femur to fixedly attach the femoral condyle body 10 to the femur. The fixation structure 20 comprises a base 21 and fixation teeth 22 arranged on the base 21, the fixation teeth 22 being able to extend into the bone of the femur.

By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment, the fixing teeth 22 which can extend into the bone of the femur are arranged on the fixing structure 20 of the femoral condyle, so that the contact area between the fixing structure 20 and the bone of the femur is increased, the original single fit mode of the adhesive fit or the interference fit between the fixing structure and the bone is replaced by the complex fit mode of the interference fit and the abutting fit, and the possibility of separation of the fixing structure 20 from the bone and the backward looseness of the femoral condyle is reduced. Particularly for patients with osteoporosis, the fixing teeth 22 can act on the bone during implantation to increase the bone density, and can be in abutting fit with the bone after the implantation is completed, so that the possibility of loosening of a fixing structure is reduced.

Preferably, the side of the fixed tooth 22 facing the tibia is planar and the side facing away from the tibia is beveled.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the base 21 of the present embodiment is cylindrical, the cylindrical base 21 includes a plurality of elastic pieces arranged at intervals, and the fixing teeth 22 are arranged on a part of the elastic pieces. The matrix is cylindrical, so that a doctor can drill an annular hole on the femur of a recipient patient by using a trephine to reserve part of femur bone, and extend the matrix into the annular hole, so that the inner surface and the outer surface of the matrix are in contact with the femur bone, and the structural stability is improved. The base 21 is provided with a plurality of grooves to divide the base into a plurality of elastic pieces, so that the elasticity of the base is increased, the elastic pieces can be deformed in the annular holes by adjusting the shape and the angle of the annular holes and the shape and the angle of the elastic pieces, elasticity is further generated, the elastic pieces can always generate stress stimulation on femur bone, and the femur bone growth is promoted.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the base 21 of the present embodiment includes 8 elastic pieces, and the 8 elastic pieces are divided into 4 groups, each group including 1 movable elastic piece 211 and 1 fixed elastic piece 212. The fixing structure 20 further includes a base 23, first ends of the 4 fixing elastic pieces 212 are fixedly connected to the femoral condyle main body 10 through the base 23, second ends of the fixing elastic pieces 212 are connected to first ends of adjacent movable elastic pieces 211, second ends of the movable elastic pieces 211 are free ends and extend towards the femoral condyle main body 10, and the fixing teeth 22 are arranged on the outer surfaces of the movable elastic pieces 211.

As shown in fig. 3, the inner surface of the trephine is a cylindrical surface, the outer surface is a conical surface, the cone angle B of the conical surface is preferably 0 ° to 3 °, and when the fixed elastic sheet 212 extends into the hole, the fixed teeth 22 contact with the inner wall of the hole and generate an interaction force, so that the first end of the fixed elastic sheet 212 approaches to the axis. At this time, as shown in fig. 4, the first end of the movable elastic sheet 211 and the second end of the fixed elastic sheet 212 move closer to the axis synchronously, and the movable elastic sheet 211 has a tendency of keeping straight under the elastic action of itself, so that the second end of the movable elastic sheet 211 is tilted away from the axis direction, the acting force between the fixed teeth 22 and the femur bone is increased, and the fixed teeth 22 are further made to extend deeper into the femur bone, i.e. the structural strength between the fixed structure 20 and the femur bone is improved, and the promotion effect of the fixed structure 20 on the femur bone is promoted.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the inside diameter D12 of the trephine is equal to the inside diameter D02 of the annular base 21, and the outside diameter D11 of the trephine end is 0.5mm to 2mm smaller than the outside diameter D01 of the annular base 21.

In other embodiments not shown in the figures, the fixation tabs may also be provided directly on the femoral condyle body. The elastic pieces can also be fixed elastic pieces with the first ends fixedly connected to the femoral condyle main body and the second ends being free ends.

Preferably, the movable elastic sheet 211 and the fixed elastic sheet 212 of the present embodiment are staggered, so that the force applied to the fixed structure 20 of the present embodiment is uniform. In other embodiments not shown in the figures, two movable spring plates may be disposed on both sides of one fixed spring plate.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the plurality of fixing teeth 22 in the present embodiment are provided, and the plurality of fixing teeth 22 are disposed along the axial direction of the base 21, so as to increase the contact area between the fixing teeth and the femur bone. In addition, the height of the plurality of fixing teeth 22 is gradually increased from the end of the base 21 to the root of the base 21, so that the stress between the fixing teeth 22 and the femur bone is gradually increased, and the effects of preventing the femur condyle from falling off and stimulating the bone growth are further improved.

Further, the fixed teeth 22 on the movable elastic sheet 211 are gradually raised from the first end to the second end of the movable elastic sheet 211, so that the outer edge of the fixed teeth 22 has a certain taper in a natural state. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the outer edge of the fixed tooth 22 has a curved taper angle a ranging from 0 ° to 7 °. When the movable elastic sheet is outwards opened, the fixed teeth close to the second end of the movable elastic sheet 211 can extend into the bone more, and the action effect is better. When the difference between the conical angle of the conical surface formed by the fixed teeth of the movable elastic sheet and the conical angle of the trepanning is larger, namely, the larger A-B is, the opened movable elastic sheet can have stronger effect with the inner wall of the annular hole, and the implantation effect is improved.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, gaps are formed between 8 elastic pieces in the embodiment, and the gap between two adjacent elastic pieces is between 0.2 mm and 1 mm. The gap enables the movable elastic sheet and the fixed elastic sheet not to be influenced, and then the second end of the movable elastic sheet can be completely opened, so that the insertion effect of the fixed teeth 22 on the movable elastic sheet is improved, and the structural strength and the fixing effect between the fixing structure 20 and the femur bone are further improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the base 21 of the present embodiment is further provided with a plurality of through holes 24, and the plurality of through holes 24 are arranged along the axial direction of the base 21. The through holes 24 allow bone to pass through the through holes 24 and wrap the spring in bone during growth, further improving the structural stability between the femoral bone and the fixation structure 20. As shown in fig. 1, the through holes may be provided in the fixed teeth or may be provided around the fixed teeth. The shape of the through holes can be regular round or irregular.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the femoral condyle body 10 of this embodiment includes a plurality of angled planar surfaces on a femoral-facing surface. Cutting the subject patient's femur during the procedure and mating the flat cut with the plane of the femoral condyle body 10 improves the stability between the femoral condyle body 10 and the femur.

In particular, the plurality of mutually angled planes includes a first osteotomy plane, the direction of the force axis of the femur pointing from the knee center toward the femoral head center, as shown in fig. 1, the first osteotomy plane being perpendicular to the force axis of the femur, i.e., α=90°. The angle β between the axis of the femoral condyle body 10 and the first osteotomy surface satisfies: beta is more than or equal to 70 degrees and less than or equal to 80 degrees. Allowing the base 21 to extend a sufficient depth to make it more difficult for the fixation structure 20 to separate from the femur bone and to fall out of the femur.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, to ensure the angle and structural stability between the femoral condyle and the femur, the second osteotomy face of this embodiment is provided with another fixation structure, which may be the same as the fixation structure 20 described above.

Further, the femoral condyle of this embodiment is further provided with a bio-coating on the contact surface with bone, such as the contact surfaces of the base 23, the first osteotomy surface, the second osteotomy surface, and the like.

The femoral condyle of the embodiment can be matched with a tibial plateau for use, the tibial plateau is implanted to one end of the tibia, which is close to the femur, and the femoral condyle is matched with the tibial plateau to replace the matching between the femur and the tibia, so that a patient can make daily behavior actions.

The application also provides a knee prosthesis, which according to an embodiment of the knee prosthesis (not shown in the figures) comprises a femoral condyle, which is a femoral condyle with all or part of the technical features described above. The knee joint prosthesis of the present embodiment can be stably connected to the femur of a subject patient, and is not easily detached.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:

the fixing teeth which can extend into the bone of the femur are arranged on the fixing structure of the femoral condyle, so that the contact area between the fixing structure and the bone of the femur is increased, the original single fit mode of the adhesive fit or the interference fit between the fixing structure and the bone is replaced by the complex fit mode of the interference fit and the abutting fit, and the possibility that the fixing structure is separated from the bone and the femoral condyle is loosened in a backward mode is reduced. Particularly for patients with osteoporosis, the fixed teeth can act on the bone during implantation, so that the bone density is increased, the fixed teeth can be in abutting fit with the bone after implantation is completed, and the possibility of loosening a fixed structure is reduced.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A femoral condyle disposed between a tibia and a femur, the femoral condyle comprising:

a femoral condyle body (10) disposed at an end of the femur adjacent to the tibia;

a fixing structure (20) arranged on one side of the femoral condyle main body (10) contacted with the femur so as to fixedly connect the femoral condyle main body (10) to the femur, wherein the fixing structure (20) comprises a base body (21) and fixing teeth (22) arranged on the base body (21), and the fixing teeth (22) can extend into the bone of the femur;

the base body (21) is cylindrical, the cylindrical base body (21) comprises a plurality of elastic sheets which are arranged at intervals, and the fixed teeth (22) are arranged on part of the elastic sheets;

the elastic pieces comprise a plurality of movable elastic pieces (211) and a plurality of fixed elastic pieces (212), the first ends of the fixed elastic pieces (212) are fixedly connected to the femoral condyle main body (10), the second ends of the fixed elastic pieces (212) are connected with the adjacent first ends of the movable elastic pieces (211), the second ends of the movable elastic pieces (211) are free ends and extend towards the femoral condyle main body (10), and the fixed teeth (22) are arranged on the movable elastic pieces (211).

2. The femoral condyle of claim 1, wherein a plurality of the movable shrapnel (211) and a plurality of the fixed shrapnel (212) are staggered.

3. The femoral condyle of claim 1, wherein the fixation structure (20) further comprises a base (23), a plurality of the fixation tabs (212) being disposed on the femoral condyle body (10) via the base (23).

4. The femoral condyle of claim 1, wherein the plurality of the fixed teeth (22) are provided in a plurality, the plurality of the fixed teeth (22) being provided along an axial direction of the base body (21), and a height of the plurality of the fixed teeth (22) being provided to gradually increase from an end portion of the base body (21) to a root portion of the base body (21).

5. The femoral condyle of claim 1, wherein the base (21) is provided with a plurality of through holes (24), the plurality of through holes (24) being disposed along an axial direction of the base (21).

6. The femoral condyle of claim 1, wherein the surface of the femoral condyle body (10) facing the femur comprises a plurality of planes at an angle to one another.

7. The femoral condyle of claim 6 wherein the plurality of angled planes comprise a first osteotomy plane perpendicular to the line of force of the femur, the angle β between the axis of the femoral condyle body (10) and the first osteotomy plane satisfying: beta is more than or equal to 70 degrees and less than or equal to 80 degrees.

8. A knee prosthesis comprising a femoral condyle, wherein the femoral condyle is the femoral condyle of any one of claims 1 to 7.