CN107944018A - A kind of automatic quality detecting method of map vector positional precision based on laser point cloud data - Google Patents

A kind of automatic quality detecting method of map vector positional precision based on laser point cloud data Download PDF

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CN107944018A
CN107944018A CN201711309135.6A CN201711309135A CN107944018A CN 107944018 A CN107944018 A CN 107944018A CN 201711309135 A CN201711309135 A CN 201711309135A CN 107944018 A CN107944018 A CN 107944018A
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map vector
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羌鑫林
李广伟
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Jiangsu Province Surveying & Mapping Engineering Institute
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of automatic quality detecting method of map vector positional precision based on laser point cloud data, first, using laser scanner along direct of travel 360 degree of scannings, the high-precision cloud data of direct of travel both sides is obtained;Cloud data is filtered, accuracy test, after coordinate conversion with map vector to be checked is unified unites to the same coordinate system;Automatically extract the position coordinate value of earth object and calculation and object plane difference and elevation difference in map vector to be detected in a cloud object;The middle error of all detected values is calculated, judges whether to meet design threshold and provides quality inspection report automatically.Map vector is detected using this method, it is possible to reduce the field process amount in existing detection method, increase detection sample size, reduces the human factor in detection process, effectively lift the precision and efficiency of detection.

Description

A kind of automatic quality detecting method of map vector positional precision based on laser point cloud data
Technical field
The invention belongs to map vector positional precision assessment technique field, and in particular to a kind of based on laser point cloud data The automatic quality detecting method of map vector positional precision.
Background technology
With the fast development of China's economic society, smart city pace of construction is increasingly accelerated, and mapping geography information is existing Basic, strategic resources are in during generation informationization, intelligent construction, are occupied importantly in review on management of modern cities Position.The important component of geodata based on map vector, is widely used in urban planning, land management, agricultural The every field such as generaI investigation, environmental protection, transport development, play important fundamental role.The quality of map vector is straight Connect influence the whether advanced of engineering construction, governability decision-making whether science, its critical role is self-evident.
Currently, map vector quality examination is mainly around quality elements such as Fundamentals of Mathematics, positional precision, attribute accuracies.It is many More scholars have done substantial amounts of research with regard to the automation aspect of quality inspection procedure, precision statistics, the quality inspection scoring of map vector quality inspection etc., Achieve fruitful achievement.Cai Jiande, Zhang Fuli etc. elaborate that land deeds, topographic map precision check the number of statistics program automatically According to institutional framework and corresponding program is devised, realizes the output of the programming count and report of precision;Yu Huanju, Li Yunling Deng proposition with the relevant data in a large amount of and locus accumulated in Process of Urban Development, the condition that checks as various dimensions checks Data to be checked, the premise of this method is the shared and fusion of data;Liu Jianjun proposes the relation and constraints using figure The foundation checked automatically as program, the interior industry batch for realizing data check;Meng Fanqiang, just intelligent dragon are from digital topography map position The quality inspection efficiency and accuracy of precision are started with, and realize the automation of interior industry accuracy computation and statistics;Wang Youwu, Ma Zengyi etc. are carried Go out digital terrain map analysis anticipation strategy, construct corresponding quality evaluation system and realize;Hou Yajuan, Ge Zhonghua are by vehicle-mounted shifting Dynamic measuring system works applied to large scale topographical map quality inspection, compared for vehicle carried data collecting data and field operation measured data Precision and efficiency.
Basic data of the map vector as economic construction and decision-making management, the inspection of quality of achievement is key link.It is logical The methods of normal way is comprehensive field operation field survey, inspection and drawing interpretation, judges quality of achievement, in sample by surveying sample This extraction, amount detection aspect have clear and definite regulation.With the development of modern measure technology, the producer of map vector There is larger development in formula, production efficiency and achievement form, but the quantity of map vector accuracy detection, the method for detection and The efficiency of detection does not have large change.Required precision of the project construction and precision management of current smart city to map vector Higher and higher, this proposes the requirement of higher to the workload and precision of data inspection.The field operation of current vector map is examined on the spot In survey, influenced be subject to manual work, the quantity of Data Detection and detection automation etc. still have greater room for improvement.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention:For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind to be based on laser point cloud The automatic quality detecting method of map vector positional precision of data,
Technical solution:In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of automatic quality detecting method of map vector positional precision based on laser point cloud data, first, uses laser scanning Device obtains the high-precision cloud data of direct of travel both sides along direct of travel 360 degree of scannings;Cloud data is filtered, precision Examine, is unified to the same coordinate system system with map vector to be checked after coordinate conversion;Automatically extract earth object in a cloud object Position coordinate value and calculation and object plane difference and elevation difference in map vector to be detected;Calculate the middle mistake of all detected values Difference, judges whether to meet design threshold and provides quality inspection report automatically.
The automatic quality detecting method of map vector positional precision based on laser point cloud data, comprises the following steps that;
1) map vector is in units of width, according to《Surveying and mapping result quality examination is with checking and accepting》Regulation, determines the sample checked Quantity;
2) situation of the map sheet obtained according to sampling, design scan route, scan the cloud data of acquisition;
3) cloud data that step 2) obtains, resolves by integrated navigation, puts cloud filtering, coordinate conversion calculation procedure, obtain The high-precision test point cloud of map sheet to be checked;According to a cloud computing as a result, using the whole world at the obvious atural object in selected section crossing Navigational satellite system mensuration measurement portion divides control point, and the precision of cloud is relatively put according to the inspection of the precision of map vector to be checked;
4) the point cloud precision obtained based on step 3), the feature selecting function of being carried using SWDY softwares, extraction point cloud number Characters of ground object dotted line in;
5) according to the characters of ground object of extraction, searching threshold is set, according to closest to method in same type automatic phase one by one The mutually nearest similar culture point of search, completes the matching of characteristic point and corresponding culture point, the automatic sectional drawing of characteristic point that it fails to match It is manually qualitative;
6) according to step 5) as a result, automatically generating the audit report of this batch detection data.
In step 1), when examining achievement sum to be more than 201, completed according to different production units, operating type, achievement Situations such as time, survey area's concrete condition, divides, and keeps operating area, operating type, operation habit, regional characteristics relatively uniform.
In step 2), highway route design requires the custom of compound conventional detection and can play the advantage of traverse measurement, takes more The mode that a platform is combined, it is uniform to obtain the cloud data for examining map sheet;
In step 4), the characters of ground object dotted line of extraction has vertical thick stick, street lamp, highway sideline, well lid, house corner point;Vertical thick stick, The shaft atural object such as street lamp provides object centers, and well lid provides geometric center, and the corner point in house provides plan-position.
In step 5), automatic matching calculates the difference dS of every group of data, contrast dS and 2 times of M of error in standard0Difference, More than 2 times M0Be rough error, error M is calculated during remaining dS is participated in, and finally calculates the M of the lot data.
In step 5), the formula for calculating the M of the lot data is:
In formula, n is number, dSiFor i-th of difference.
In step 6), the middle error M result of calculations containing data, the error distribution results of data in report.
The method that the method for the traverse measurement of the application detects map vector automatically, sampling immediately is with selecting vector to be detected Figure, is pre-designed traverse measurement scanning route, the high accuracy for scanning route acquisition region both sides to be detected of advancing along traverse measurement Cloud data and full-view image data, by resolving, filtering, coordinate conversion and etc. obtain high-precision dot cloud, based on a cloud from It is dynamic to extract the feature dotted lines such as the vertical thick stick for obtaining route of travel both sides, street lamp, corner point, well lid, kerb line, Auto-matching superposition Map vector to be detected, can calculate the middle error of characteristic point and measuring point to be checked automatically and provide corresponding report.
Beneficial effect:Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) efficiency of map vector data quality inspection is effectively increased, reduces substantial amounts of field data collection workload, is protected The life safety of operating personnel is demonstrate,proved;Automatically extracting in post processing, reduces the work of the atural object data acquisition in cloud data Measure;Point in conventional process becomes selection automatic matching, automatic calculating, automatic report, and larger improves efficiency.
(2) brand-new map vector quality inspection thinking is provided.Data quality checking is gradually transitioned into entirely from original sampling check Number checks, changes the local sample examination method in existing GPS-RTK inspection methods.Check the increase of high number, Ke Yizong Body controls topographic map data quality, but does not increase the workload of inspection personnel.
(3) precision quality of data is effectively improved, reduce further human factor influence.This method increases in inspection amount While adding, have to the quality of inspection and be obviously improved, can find the problems such as losing leakage of data easily, can automatical one by one Go out the vector atural object key element that error is larger or transfinites, targetedly control very much vector data quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method detection map vector flow chart of traverse measurement;
Fig. 2 is map vector to be checked;
Fig. 3 is cloud data extraction characters of ground object design sketch;
Fig. 4 is to lose leakage inspection result figure.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
Traverse measurement system is a kind of quick scanning system based on a variety of mobile platforms, can efficiently, fast and accurately Obtain the stereo colour point cloud information of ground table object.Traverse measurement system is generally by laser, IMU, GPS, odometer, panorama phase The several majors such as machine, control system are formed.Wherein, the information of laser acquisition and recording traveling process both sides, the point cloud of acquisition are close Spend related to the point of laser frequency and gait of march.GPS and high accuracy IMU provides position and the attitude data of whole system, inner Cheng Jike with the travel distance of registration of vehicle platform, can combined calculation lifting gps signal losing lock when integrated navigation precision.Panorama The earth surface image that camera obtains is in addition to point cloud RGB information is provided, available for terrain object attribute information judging.According to road situation Difference, traverse measurement system can select motor vehicle platform, motorcycle platform and manpower knapsack.
SSW used in the present embodiment (first Shi Siwei) traverse measurement system (China Surveying and Mapping Research Academy and Capital Division Model university joint research and development, Beijing Siweiyuanjian Information Technology Co., Ltd.'s sale) support image data, point cloud number automatically According to, position and attitude data fusion production colour point clouds data, high-acruracy survey can be rapidly completed, streetscape obtains, key element collection Etc. measurement task.The system integration laser scanner, IMU, POS2010, Tian Bao GPS, odometer DMI, area array cameras CANON The plurality of devices such as EOS 5D, panorama camera Ladybug5 have the distinguishing features such as speed is fast, precision is high, performance is stablized in one.
The premise that classification atural object data are follow-up precision checked operations is automatically extracted from the cloud data of acquisition.Accurately Filtered classification result contributes to the singulation of earth object, easy to the efficient management of cloud data hierarchical classification, retrieval and display. The SWDY softwares (2017 editions, China Surveying and Mapping Research Academy's offer) that the present embodiment uses are completed noise processed, are sorted out one by one The atural object elements such as vertical thick stick, shade tree, road surface, kerb line, traffic mark, well lid, building wall linea angulata, easy to subsequent automated Detect the precision of map vector.
The automatic quality detecting method of map vector positional precision based on laser point cloud data of the application, flow as shown in Figure 1, Comprise the following steps that;
1) vector map sheet is sampled.Map vector in units of width, according to《Surveying and mapping result quality examination is with checking and accepting》Regulation, really The sample size that regular inspection is looked into;When examining achievement sum more than 201, when being completed according to different production units, operating type, achievement Between, survey area's concrete condition situations such as divide, be just to maintain operating area, operating type, operation habit, regional characteristics on the whole It is relatively uniform.
2) scanning obtains point cloud.The situation of the map sheet obtained according to sampling, design scanning route.Highway route design requires compound The custom of conventional detection and the advantage that traverse measurement can be played, the mode for taking motor vehicle, two wheeler and manpower platform to be combined, It is comprehensively uniform to obtain the cloud data for examining map sheet.
3) Point Cloud Processing.The cloud data that step 2) obtains, resolves, point cloud filters, coordinate turns by integrated navigation The calculation procedure such as change, obtain the high-precision test point cloud of map sheet to be checked.According to a cloud computing as a result, selected section crossing is obvious Divide control point using Global Navigation Satellite System mensuration measurement portion at atural object, according to the precision of map vector to be checked inspection relatively point cloud Precision.
4) Automatic Feature Extraction.The point cloud precision obtained based on step 3).The feature selecting work(carried using SWDY softwares Can, extract the characters of ground object dotted line in cloud data.The characters of ground object dotted line of extraction have vertical thick stick, street lamp, highway sideline, well lid, House corner point.The shaft atural objects such as vertical thick stick, street lamp provide object centers, and well lid provides geometric center, and the corner point in house provides Plan-position.
5) Auto-matching calculates.According to the characters of ground object of extraction, searching threshold is set, according to closest to method in same type In the nearest similar culture point of automatic mutually search one by one, complete the matching of characteristic point and corresponding culture point, the spy that it fails to match The automatic sectional drawing of sign point is manually qualitative.Automatic matching calculates the difference dS of every group of data, contrast dS and 2 times of M of error in standard0Difference Value, more than 2 times M0Be rough error, remaining dS participate in error M calculate, according to formula (1), finally calculate the lot data M。
In formula, n is number, dSiFor i-th of difference.
6) precision report is provided.According to step 5) as a result, automatically generating the audit report of this batch detection data.Contain in report There are the middle error M result of calculations of data, the error distribution results of data.
Embodiment 2
Using the method and system of embodiment 1, detected on the spot, detailed process is as follows:
1st, situation on the spot
Project survey region is 2 square kilometres of Xinghua city, include in regional extent building, road, street lamp, vegetation, The topographic(al) features such as water system, are located in that city internal passageway is sensible, passage situation is good, vector data engineer's scale 1 to be detected in region: 1000, mapping time is 2017.
In live laser scanning operation process, road speed is maintained at 30km/h, when collection total duration 1.5 is small, total scanning Mileage 25km, gps signal is good in gatherer process, the situation of long-time losing lock does not occur.GPS Base Station is set up in gatherer process 1, data sampling rate 1Hz.After the end of scan, inspection personnel confirms do not have along scanning checking of routing point cloud covering integrality There is a wide range of blank caused by omitting and blocking.44 check points are measured using GPS-RTK be used for check post cloud on the spot Data precision, check point select terrain vehicle diatom readily identified on cloud data and Li Gang edges.
2nd, collection and processing
On the spot before data acquisition, the scanning road according to the current conditional plan in survey region.Vehicle-mounted scanning platform according to The cloud data of both sides of the road is obtained according to the route data of planning.Using SWDY points cloud processing platforms, calculate respectively vehicle-mounted GPS, IMU, odometer and base station data obtain integrated navigation data, and three dimensional point cloud is then calculated.Full-view image number According to resolving with obtaining colour point clouds data after point cloud data fusion, comprising information such as color, reflected intensitys, atural object is truly reflected The state of landforms.
Using actual measurement GPS-RTK points, [Xu works, Cheng Xiao armies are moved with the corresponding points comparison check data precision in cloud data Dynamic measuring system point cloud accuracy assessment and applied analysis [J] engineering investigations, 2013,41 (09):42-46.].Survey 44 atural objects Characteristics of objects point, lists a cloud plane precision and checks result such as table 1.
1 cloud precision checklist of table
Technology is automatically extracted using cloud data vector characteristic, road width, the mobile vehicle in area are surveyed by pre-setting Whether relative position in the road, have parameter information, the extraction such as greenbelt and its vegetation height, street lamp height to obtain roadside Line, green belt, upright bar, bus station, dustbin, shade tree, isolation strip isovector data.
3rd, testing result
Using automatically extract street lamp, the data such as upright bar according to search rule complete with it is corresponding in Vector Topographic Map to be checked The bidirectional research of vector element, detection range is arranged to 2 times of error 0.5m in the planar design precision of this batch of map vector, double To difference 4, the automatic sectional drawing of software is as follows, qualitative one by one to lose leakage etc. for rough error, scan loss and collection.
Complete 2 times of range searchings of error threshold 0.5m in plane, the match point 201 (tables 2) of acquisition, according to formula (1) It is 0.263 to calculate error M in the batch data, meets middle error requirements.
Errors table in 2 testing result of table

Claims (8)

1. a kind of automatic quality detecting method of map vector positional precision based on laser point cloud data, it is characterised in that first, use Laser scanner obtains the high-precision cloud data of direct of travel both sides along direct of travel 360 degree of scannings;Cloud data is filtered It is unified to the same coordinate system system with map vector to be checked after ripple, accuracy test, coordinate conversion;Automatically extract atural object in a cloud object The position coordinate value of object and calculation and object plane difference and elevation difference in map vector to be detected;Calculate all detected values Middle error, judges whether to meet design threshold and provides quality inspection report automatically.
2. the map vector positional precision automatic quality detecting method according to claim 1 based on laser point cloud data, it is special Sign is, comprises the following steps that;
1) map vector is in units of width, according to《Surveying and mapping result quality examination is with checking and accepting》Regulation, determines the sample size checked;
2) situation of the map sheet obtained according to sampling, design scan route, scan the cloud data of acquisition;
3) cloud data that step 2) obtains, resolves by integrated navigation, puts cloud filtering, coordinate conversion calculation procedure, obtain and treat Examine the high-precision test point cloud of map sheet;According to a cloud computing as a result, using worldwide navigation at the obvious atural object in selected section crossing Satellite system mensuration measurement portion divides control point, and the precision of cloud is relatively put according to the inspection of the precision of map vector to be checked;
4) the point cloud precision obtained based on step 3), the feature selecting function of being carried using SWDY softwares, is extracted in cloud data Characters of ground object dotted line;
5) according to the characters of ground object of extraction, searching threshold is set, is mutually searched automatically one by one in same type according to closest to method The nearest similar culture point of rope, completes the matching of characteristic point and corresponding culture point, and the automatic sectional drawing of characteristic point that it fails to match is artificial It is qualitative;
6) according to step 5) as a result, automatically generating the audit report of this batch detection data.
3. the map vector positional precision automatic quality detecting method according to claim 2 based on laser point cloud data, it is special Sign is, in step 1), when examining achievement sum to be more than 201, is completed according to different production units, operating type, achievement Situations such as time, survey area's concrete condition, divides, and keeps operating area, operating type, operation habit, regional characteristics relatively uniform.
4. the map vector positional precision automatic quality detecting method according to claim 2 based on laser point cloud data, it is special Sign is, in step 2), highway route design requires the custom of compound conventional detection and can play the advantage of traverse measurement, takes multiple The mode that platform is combined, it is uniform to obtain the cloud data for examining map sheet.
5. the map vector positional precision automatic quality detecting method according to claim 2 based on laser point cloud data, it is special Sign is, in step 4), the characters of ground object dotted line of extraction has vertical thick stick, street lamp, highway sideline, well lid, house corner point;Vertical thick stick, The shaft atural object such as street lamp provides object centers, and well lid provides geometric center, and the corner point in house provides plan-position.
6. the map vector positional precision automatic quality detecting method according to claim 2 based on laser point cloud data, it is special Sign is, in step 5), automatic matching calculates the difference dS of every group of data, contrast dS and 2 times of M of error in standard0Difference, surpass Cross 2 times of M0Be rough error, error M is calculated during remaining dS is participated in, and finally calculates the M of the lot data.
7. the map vector positional precision automatic quality detecting method according to claim 2 based on laser point cloud data, it is special Sign is, in step 6), the middle error M result of calculations containing data, the error distribution results of data in report.
8. the map vector positional precision automatic quality detecting method according to claim 2 based on laser point cloud data, it is special Sign is, in step 5), the formula for calculating the M of the lot data is:
In formula, n is number, dSiFor i-th of difference.
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