CN107900332B - Dentistry plants the 3D printing method of holder - Google Patents
Dentistry plants the 3D printing method of holder Download PDFInfo
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- CN107900332B CN107900332B CN201711130905.0A CN201711130905A CN107900332B CN 107900332 B CN107900332 B CN 107900332B CN 201711130905 A CN201711130905 A CN 201711130905A CN 107900332 B CN107900332 B CN 107900332B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/44—Radiation means characterised by the configuration of the radiation means
- B22F12/45—Two or more
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
- B22F10/322—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber of the gas flow, e.g. rate or direction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the 3D printing methods that dentistry plants holder, include 3-D scanning, three dimensional design, data processing, 3D printing and part post-processing, blue light is first passed through in 3-D scanning to scan to obtain the global shape of threedimensional model, fine scanning is carried out to the interface section for planting holder by probe scanning again, and do not include vehicle needle in three dimensional design to compensate, in data processing, the interface that dentistry plantation holder is connected with planting body, interface internal and the smooth surface texture that egress edge is no additional support.The 3D printing method of the dentistry plantation holder of the present invention, the formed precision of dentistry plantation holder can be increased substantially, and plantation holder is enable to conform better to demand in detail section, also simplify the forming process of selective laser fusing, so that the fabrication cycle of plantation holder has been obtained great shortening, effectively increases shaping efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing methods, are concretely the 3D printing methods of dentistry plantation holder.
Background technology
Dentistry implant operation is that current tooth body lacks most effective repair mode, is tied on the top that planting body and plantation are repaired
Connection between structure needs that accurate plantation holder is coordinated to be repaired.Since cochrome and titanium alloy material are in intensity, hard
There is excellent mechanical property in terms of degree, wearability and toughness, therefore be widely used in dentures repai field, wherein locally
Plantation holder and full mouth plantation holder are current most common metal artificial tooth implanting brackets.
The processing method of currently used dental metal plantation holder is machine cut method, but this molding mode takes
Length, utilization rate of raw materials are low, and are short of in precision aspect.The precision of vehicle needle cutting at present can reach 60 μm of ranks, and
Dentistry plantation holder accuracy and quality can because cut vehicle needle loss due to be lower, in cutting process vehicle needle cutting less than place
It can not be molded, adjacent local precision is bad, makes accurate not being bonded between base station and planting body, base station and upper prosthesis,
Influence the overall quality of precision and plantation reparation.
The plantation most common metal of holder is titanium alloy, and titanium alloy during the cutting process, is susceptible to problems with：Titanium closes
Golden hardness is excessive to be caused to be difficult to cut, in addition titanium alloy deformation coefficient is less than or close to 1, usually aggravates tool wear.Meanwhile by
Small in the elasticity modulus of titanium alloy, when processing, easy tos produce flexural deformation under radial force effect, causes to vibrate, and increases cutter mill
Damage and influence the precision of part.Since the chemism of titanium is big, under high cutting temperature, it is easy to absorb oxygen in air and
Nitrogen forms hard and crisp crust；The plastic deformation in cutting process will also result in Surface hardened layer simultaneously.What therefore cutting manufactured adds
Unsuitable progress high-performance, automatic quickly make plant holder to work method.
3D printing is the nickname of increasing material manufacturing, by Reconstruction Design three-dimensional digitalization model, successively using metal powder
Accumulation principle manufactures entity component, and entire manufacturing process is allowed to be truly realized intelligent and digitlization.Selective laser fusing is to answer
With widest selective laser smelting technology, it is a kind of technology based on laser fusion metal powder, collection laser technology, number
Intelligent control technology, CAD analysis, rapid shaping in one, can directly manufacture metallurgical binding, dense structure,
Good mechanical properties, metal parts with high accuracy.
It is excellent that selective laser smelting technology has that personalization level is high, process is simple, fabrication cycle is short, stock utilization is high etc.
Point can meet personalized oral restoration, complication, the requirement of highly difficult technology, while make up the deficiencies in the prior art, it is not necessary to
Worried again because of various influences that cutting temperature is brought.Therefore selective laser fusing has more and more been applied to oral cavity and has repaiied
In the manufacture of complex, become the indispensable emerging technology of oral cavity Digital manufacturing.
But selective laser is melted in when processing metal material, because of the moulding mechanism of shock heating quenching, plantation holder is adding
Thermal stress is big during work, is easily deformed；After being added to support progress 3D printing to the plantation holder of processing, expense is compared in post-processing
When, and be easy to influence the precision with the interface of planting body, therefore use the melt-processed metal implants holder difficulty in selective laser
It is very big.Due to using the part of selective laser fusing to usually require that precision is not high at present, the part side after disposable laser scanning
The unsmooth structures such as edge is jagged, this is also not allow in dentistry plants holder.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of 3D printing methods that dentistry plants holder, improve the formed precision of dentistry plantation holder,
And simplify the moulding process of selective laser fusing.
The 3D printing method of the dentistry plantation holder of the present invention, includes 3-D scanning, three dimensional design, data processing, 3D
Printing and part post-processing, blue light is first passed through in 3-D scanning and scans to obtain the global shape of threedimensional model, then passes through probe
It scans and fine scanning is carried out to the interface section for planting holder, and be not provided with the compensation of vehicle needle in three dimensional design, at data
When reason, the interface that dentistry plantation holder is connected with planting body, interface internal is the smooth of no support element with egress edge
Surface texture.
A kind of optional mode is, when the position of data processing is put, the long axis of threedimensional model and the trunnion axis of substrate
Angle is 30 °~60 °.
Preferably, the trunnion axis angle of the long axis of the threedimensional model and substrate is 45 °.
Further, benchmark pair three is used as by the Geometry edge of the egress edge of threedimensional model and base station in three dimensional design
Interface position in dimension module is positioned, and the precision between designed threedimensional model and base station is made to coincide.
Further, after the completion of three dimensional design when exporting threedimensional model, all shells for including in threedimensional model
It merges, the action of threedimensional model intermediate cam dough sheet is then set below 0.1mm, ensures the precision of threedimensional model.
Further, in 3D printing, laser scanning twice is at least carried out to the interface by selective laser fusing.
Optionally, in the laser scanning, it is the low of 0.1~0.3J/mm first to use the interface linear energy density
Linear energy density laser carry out 4~6 multiple scannings after, then with linear energy density control 0.5~1J/mm high line energy
Metric density laser carries out fine and close remelting.
On this basis, in 3D printing, orthogonal continuous scanning is used to part plantation holder, holder is planted to full mouth, is adopted
It is scanned using interlayer with checkerboard type subarea-scanning to supporting moulding section.
The 3D printing method of the dentistry plantation holder of the present invention, can increase substantially the molding essence of dentistry plantation holder
Degree, and plantation holder is enable to conform better to demand in detail section, the forming process of selective laser fusing is also simplified,
So that the fabrication cycle of plantation holder has been obtained great shortening, effectively increases shaping efficiency.
Specific implementation mode with reference to embodiments is described in further detail the above of the present invention again.
But the range that this should not be interpreted as to the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to example below.Think not departing from the above-mentioned technology of the present invention
In the case of thinking, the various replacements or change made according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means should all be included in this hair
In bright range.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for the 3D printing method that dentistry of the present invention plants holder.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that threedimensional model position is put.
Specific implementation mode
The 3D printing method of dentistry of the present invention plantation holder includes that 3-D scanning, three dimensional design, data processing, 3D are beaten
Print and part post-processing.Wherein 3-D scanning is the first step of dentistry Digital manufacturing, and patient can be obtained by 3-D scanning
Oral condition.The 3-D scanning of dentistry, which is divided into plaster cast scanning and patient mouthful, scans two major classes, and the present invention uses gypsum
The mode of model scanning.The process of plaster cast scanning is to produce out print out of patient mouthful using rapidly solidified materials such as silicon rubber
After mould, plaster cast is poured out by this stamp, then go out the three-dimensional profile of the plaster cast using scanner scanning.The stage
Scanning accuracy will directly determine the formed precision of entire processing flow.Therefore first in 3-D scanning in order to promote scanning accuracy
It scans to obtain the global shape of threedimensional model by blue light, then the interface section for planting holder is carried out finely by probe scanning
Scanning, the scanning to realize each tiny characteristics reappear, and scanning accuracy can reach within 2 μm so that final design
Plantation holder can conform better to disease Man's Demands in detail section.Although blue light scans and probe scanning is existing skill
Art, but in traditional dentistry plantation holder 3D printing technique, can only use one of which scan mode as needed, and this hair
It is bright according to different positions and to need two kinds of scan modes being used in combination, the essence of the scanning to entirety and details is greatly improved
Degree is laid a good foundation for final high-precision printout.
Three dimensional design is that the oral cavity three-dimensional data of scanning is imported into the dentistry design software such as 3shape or EXOcad, root
The design of plantation holder is carried out according to plantation body position, reparation shape and planting body size.The thickness of hat and holder is minimum can be with
Reach 0.15mm, realize lightweight, and be not provided with the compensation of vehicle needle in three dimensional design, it is complicated time-consuming to eliminate the cutting of vehicle needle
Process, so that the fabrication cycle of plantation holder has been obtained great shortening.The wherein described vehicle needle compensation is in design software
One default value.In the dentistry plantation holder of conventionally employed machining molding, in order to make up because vehicle needle diameter itself is big
It is small and caused by precision it is insufficient, can make preferably closely sealed with abutment at this in the more of the accurate place cutting such as cut end.And
It is not related to vehicle needle in 3D printing, but still habitually will be into driving needle compensation usually in three dimensional design, and this can be influenced
The precision of final molding, therefore the present invention cancels the option, so that the precision of 3D printing is improved, while also ensuring design
The integrality of planting matrix bridge.The shape for first designing dummy according to actual conditions in three dimensional design, is then set by switchback
Suitable plantation holder is counted out, to be that the dummy on top reserves the sufficient space of 1.5~3.0mm when Ji Qiao is designed.Pass through
The egress edge of threedimensional model and the Geometry edge of base station position the interface position in threedimensional model as benchmark, make to set
Precision between the threedimensional model and base station counted is coincide.When exporting as STL formats, the shell of all designs is merged, then
The tri patch action that STL is arranged is less than 0.1mm, ensures the precision of threedimensional model in stl file.
Data processing is to carry out data inspection and reparation, position to designed threedimensional model in data processing software
Put, support addition and be sliced and etc..Wherein in position is put, it is pair while the three-dimensional mould of multiple stl files of printing
Type typesetting and put, therefore, to assure that do not contacted between each threedimensional model, apart from boundary at least 10mm, each other away from
Li >1mm.Position is as small as possible for principle with supporting surface height as few and vertical direction as possible when putting, to improve molding
Efficiency.When position is put, the long axis of threedimensional model and the trunnion axis angle of substrate are about 45 °, can enhance powdering mistake in this way
Cheng Zhong, ability of the plantation holder confrontation from scraper lateral force printed, keeps the forming process of plantation holder more stable.
Part is added in the support of data processing, it is desirable that is guaranteeing securely to support the same of printed plantation holder
When, also to make to easily remove after plantation rack forming.Plant interface section with planting body in holder, cancel in interface and
The support element of egress edge makes interface internal be the smooth surface texture of no additional support with egress edge, and passes through increasing
The density of adjunction mouth surrounding supports makes interface obtain good support, ensures interface Forming Quality.
In 3D printing, printed using selective laser melting process.In order to which printing effect is more ideal, printing is improved
The precision of part, in laser scanning, at least carrying out laser scanning twice to the position of interface keeps the metal powder at this completely molten
Change, and keep interface surface smooth, increases substantially the precision of interface.The laser energy scanned every time can be identical,
Can be different, such as it is the low linear energy density laser of 0.1~0.3J/mm that can first use linear energy density to the position of scanning
After carrying out 4~6 multiple scannings, then caused in the high linear energy density laser of 0.5~1J/mm with linear energy density control
Close remelting.Orthogonal continuous scanning is used to part plantation holder, holder is planted to full mouth, using checkerboard type subarea-scanning, to branch
Moulding section is supportted, is scanned using interlayer.Be arranged a diameter of 40~100 μm of laser focus on light beam, laser power 100~
300W, sweep speed is in 700~2000mm/s, 0.1~0.16mm of sweep span.
After 3D printing is molded, the promotion of plantation holder comprehensive performance is realized by post-processing.
Embodiment 1：
The present embodiment is for preparing the full mouth plantation holder of titanium alloy.
Dentistry of the present invention plants the 3D printing method of holder as shown in Figure 1, includes：
3-D scanning：After producing out stamp out of patient mouthful by silicon rubber, plaster cast is poured out by this stamp.For
Promotion scanning accuracy uses 3shape blue lights in such a way that blue light scanning technique and probe scanning technology are combined first
The shape of scanner scanning model obtains the global pattern of threedimensional model, then using Nobel probe-types scanner to planting holder
Interface section carry out fine scanning, realize for bead, each tiny characteristics of planting body interface scanning reappear, finally sweep
Can be reached by retouching precision by 2 μm.
Three dimensional design：After having obtained the three-dimensional data of patient's cavity interior, oral cavity three-dimensional data is imported into EXOcad
In dentistry design software, the design of plantation holder is carried out according to plantation shape and the axial direction of reparation shape and the two.Root
According to thickness and patient tolerability of the plantation holder in mouth, the thickness of hat and holder is 0.5mm, both ensure that intensity, simultaneously
Also comply with light-weight design.The compensation of vehicle needle is not provided with during being designed.Needed in design process confirm tapping with
The range of the boundary line of base station interface butted part, to ensure that later stage 3D printing can be carried out accurately.
After dentistry plants holder completion three dimensional design, the STL formatted files comprising three-dimensional modeling data are exported as.Then
The shell of all designs in threedimensional model is merged, the tri patch action that threedimensional model in STL is arranged is less than 0.1mm, ensures
The precision of threedimensional model.
Data processing：After the completion of three dimensional design, the file of the STL formats of plantation holder is obtained, the STL texts of holder will be planted
Part is imported into magics data processing softwares, carries out data inspection and reparation, position are put, support is added, are sliced and are scanned
Strategic planning and etc..
The wherein described data inspection and repair part, be check three-dimensional S TL files in threedimensional model whether there is or not hole, bad selvedges
The defects of, find that defect is repaired if checking, it is ensured that the threedimensional model in stl file is a complete and closed shell
Body.
Part is put in position, is pair while multiple stl files of printing carries out typesetting and put, therefore, to assure that each three-dimensional
It is not contacted between model, apart from boundary at least 10mm, each other > each other;1mm.As shown in Fig. 2, position will be with when putting
Supporting surface height as few and vertical direction as possible as small as possible is principle, to improve molding efficiency.When position is put, make to add
The long axis of the threedimensional model 2 of work and the trunnion axis angle α of substrate 1 are about 45 °, can enhance the lateral force resistance of plantation holder in this way
Ability, make formed precision higher, and in printing, the powdering scraper 3 of printing equipment is spread with arrow direction movement
It when powder, can be contacted respectively with threedimensional model 2 with different location in powdering scraper 3, avoid the repetition of same position from contacting and cause
Wear it is unbalanced simultaneously, also utmostly reduce the resistance for the threedimensional model 2 being subject to when powdering scraper 3 is run.
When supporting addition, also to be easily removed after molding while guaranteeing securely support plantation holder
Support.For different types of scraper in 3D printing device, can select to design corresponding supporting type.What the present embodiment used
It is rigid scraper, the support of addition is massive support.The interface section with planting body in holder is planted, eliminates in interface and connects
The support element at mouth edge, makes interface internal be the smooth surface texture of no additional support with egress edge, and pass through increase
The density of interface surrounding supports makes interface obtain good support, ensure that the Forming Quality of interface.
The sliced section is that the threedimensional model in stl file is obtained piece layer data, in the present embodiment by slice
Piece thickness is set as 30 μm.
Scanning strategy planning part is the scan method for planning each lamella, determines the spacing distance between scan line
With the offset distance of contour line.In the present embodiment, using orthogonal continuous scanning strategy.
3D printing：After the completion of data processing, which is imported into the 3D printing equipment of selective laser fusing, be printed as
Type.Raw material is printed using micron-size spherical metal powder as material.Laser is melted and molded each layer on substrate by scanning
The powder of cross section, then be layering as a plantation holder.The diameter of the laser focus on light beam of 3D printing equipment is arranged
It it is 80 μm, laser power is set as 120W, and the control accuracy of lead screw motor is within 1 μm.The exposure of printing plantation internal stent
Parameter is：Sweep span 0.14mm, speed 1200mm/s, intensity 270W, bias compensation 0.08mm, width of fringe 5mm, spring layer are swept
It retouches, rotates；Printing plantation frame upper exposure parameter be：Distance 0.14mm, speed 1300mm/s, intensity 300W, thickness
0.06mm；The exposure parameter for planting holder lower part is slightly weak compared with exposed parameter, is lowered in speed and exposure intensity, purport
Shorten the time in the case where ensureing Forming Quality, improves efficiency.
The Ti6Al4V Titanium Powder powder materials of selection are produced using plasma atomizing type, and sphericity is 90% or more, powder
Last particle size range is 15~45 μm, and powder Hall flow data are less than 40s/50g, oxygen content in power 1000ppm.
It selects TC4 (Ti6Al4V) to be used as baseplate material, makes to have good wetability between moulding material and substrate, protect
It is firmly bonded, will not crack between card substrate and part.
In forming process, according to the difference of material and thickness, adjust laser power, sweep speed of 3D printing equipment etc. at
Type technique, it is ensured that laser beam can be completely melt metal powder, form the molten road of a continuously smooth.Powder is printed in order to prevent
It aoxidizes, printing powder is protected using nitrogen in forming process, nitrogen pressure 5bar in fusion process.In order to
It prevents the flue dust generated in forming process from being polluted to printing powder, smoke dust filter is provided in 3D printing equipment.
Part post-processes：It after 3D printing is molded, is post-processed, realizes the promotion of part comprehensive performance.By
In selective laser, fusing is the forming process of a shock heating quenching, therefore molding plantation internal stent can have residual stress.
It deforms in order to prevent, needs molded part being put into togerther in the Muffle furnace of atmosphere protection together with substrate before being cut, carry out
Annealing heat-treats, the residual stress of removal plantation internal stent.
Processing procedure is：800 DEG C are warming up to from room temperature by two and one-half- hours in Muffle furnace, then keeps the temperature two hours,
Then 380 DEG C are naturally cooled to, whole process is protected using argon gas, and argon flow amount is controlled in 0.5m3/h。
After annealing is completed, so that it may be cut down from substrate so that holder will be planted, then removal support, then to table
Face carry out the processing such as sandblasting and sanding and polishing, print interface after being completed by post-processing fit closely it is seamless,
Molding effect is good.All-round property testing is as shown in table 1, compared to machine cut technology, used technology acuracy higher of the invention,
Mechanical property is better, and Metal ion release amount is less in the mouth of dummy, to the security risk smaller of patient.
Table 1：
| Parameter | The method of the present embodiment | Machine cut |
| Material | Ti6Al4V spherical powders | Ti6Al4V circular cut disks |
| Precision | Error is at 20 μm or less | Generally at 60~120 μm |
| Tensile strength | 1100Mpa | 780Mpa |
| Yield strength | 1050Mpa | 580Mpa |
| Elongation after fracture | >10% | 5%~7% |
| Metal ion release amount in mouthful | Less than 1 μ g./cm3 | 10μg./cm3 |
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment plants holder as example to prepare the full mouth of pure titanium.
Dentistry of the present invention plants the 3D printing method of holder as shown in Figure 1, includes：
3-D scanning：After producing out stamp out of patient mouthful by silicon rubber, plaster cast is poured out by this stamp.For
Promotion scanning accuracy uses 3shape blue lights in such a way that blue light scanning technique and probe scanning technology are combined first
The shape of scanner scanning model obtains the global pattern of threedimensional model, then using Nobel probe-types scanner to planting holder
Interface section carry out fine scanning, realize for bead, each tiny characteristics of planting body interface scanning reappear, finally sweep
Can be reached by retouching precision by 2 μm.
Three dimensional design：After having obtained the three-dimensional data of patient's cavity interior, oral cavity three-dimensional data is imported into EXOcad
In dentistry design software, the design of plantation holder is carried out according to plantation body position, reparation shape and planting body size.According to kind
Thickness and patient tolerability of the holder in mouth are planted, the thickness of hat and holder is 0.05mm, both ensure that intensity, while also according with
Close light-weight design.The compensation of vehicle needle is not provided with during being designed.It needs to confirm tapping and base station in design process
The range of the boundary line of interface butted part, to ensure that later stage 3D printing can be carried out accurately.
After dentistry plants holder completion three dimensional design, the STL formatted files comprising three-dimensional modeling data are exported as.Then
The shell of all designs in threedimensional model is merged, the tri patch action that threedimensional model in STL is arranged is less than 0.1mm, ensures
The precision of threedimensional model.
Data processing：After the completion of three dimensional design, the file of the STL formats of plantation holder is obtained, the STL texts of holder will be planted
Part is imported into magics data processing softwares, carries out data inspection and reparation, position are put, support is added, are sliced and are scanned
Strategic planning and etc..
The wherein described data inspection and repair part, be check three-dimensional S TL files in threedimensional model whether there is or not hole, bad selvedges
The defects of, find that defect is repaired if checking, it is ensured that the threedimensional model in stl file is a complete and closed shell
Body.
Part is put in position, is pair while multiple stl files of printing carries out typesetting and put, therefore, to assure that each three-dimensional
It is not contacted between model, apart from boundary at least 10mm, each other > each other;1mm.As shown in Fig. 2, position will be with when putting
Supporting surface height as few and vertical direction as possible as small as possible is principle, to improve molding efficiency.When position is put, make to add
The long axis of the threedimensional model of work and the trunnion axis angle of substrate are about 45 °, can enhance the lateral force resistance of plantation holder in this way
Ability makes formed precision higher.
When supporting addition, also to be easily removed after molding while guaranteeing securely support plantation holder
Support.For different types of scraper in 3D printing device, can select to design corresponding supporting type.What the present embodiment used
It is rigid scraper, the support of addition is massive support.The interface section with planting body in holder is planted, eliminates in interface and connects
The support element at mouth edge, makes interface internal be the smooth surface texture of no additional support with egress edge, and pass through increase
The density of interface surrounding supports makes interface obtain good support, ensure that the Forming Quality of interface.
The sliced section is that the threedimensional model in stl file is obtained piece layer data, in the present embodiment by slice
Piece thickness is set as 30 μm.
Scanning strategy planning part is the scan method for planning each lamella, determines the spacing distance between scan line
With the offset distance of contour line.In the present embodiment, checkerboard type subarea-scanning strategy is prevented with reducing the thermal stress in forming process
Only deform.
3D printing：After the completion of data processing, which is imported into the 3D printing equipment of selective laser fusing, be printed as
Type.Raw material is printed using micron-size spherical metal powder as material.Laser is melted and molded each layer on substrate by scanning
The powder of cross section, then be layering as a plantation holder.The diameter of the laser focus on light beam of 3D printing equipment is arranged
It it is 80 μm, laser power is set as 120W, and the control accuracy of lead screw motor is within 1 μm.The exposure of printing plantation internal stent
Parameter is：Sweep span 0.14mm, speed 1500mm/s, intensity 290W, bias compensation 0.08mm, width of fringe 5mm, spring layer are swept
It retouches, rotates；Printing plantation frame upper exposure parameter be：Distance 0.14mm, speed 1500mm/s, intensity 300W, thickness
0.03mm；The exposure parameter for planting holder lower part is slightly weak compared with exposed parameter, is lowered in speed and exposure intensity, purport
Shorten the time in the case where ensureing Forming Quality, improves efficiency.
The pure titanium valve powder material selected is produced using plasma atomizing type, and sphericity is 90% or more, powder diameter model
It is 15~45 μm to enclose, and powder Hall flow data are less than 40s/50g, oxygen content in power 1200ppm.
It selects TC4 (Ti6Al4V) to be used as baseplate material, makes to have good wetability between moulding material and substrate, protect
It is firmly bonded, will not crack between card substrate and part.
In forming process, according to the difference of material and thickness, adjust laser power, sweep speed of 3D printing equipment etc. at
Type technique, it is ensured that laser beam can be completely melt metal powder, form the molten road of a continuously smooth.Powder is printed in order to prevent
It aoxidizes, printing powder is protected using nitrogen in forming process, nitrogen pressure 5bar in fusion process.In order to
It prevents the flue dust generated in forming process from being polluted to printing powder, smoke dust filter is provided in 3D printing equipment.
Part post-processes：It after 3D printing is molded, is post-processed, realizes the promotion of part comprehensive performance.By
In selective laser, fusing is the forming process of a shock heating quenching, therefore molding plantation internal stent can have residual stress.
It deforms in order to prevent, needs molded part being put into togerther in the Muffle furnace of atmosphere protection together with substrate before being cut, carry out
Annealing heat-treats, the residual stress of removal plantation internal stent.
Processing procedure is：800 DEG C are warming up to from room temperature by two and one-half- hours in Muffle furnace, it is small then to keep the temperature 1~2
When, 380 DEG C are then naturally cooled to, whole process is protected using argon gas, and argon flow amount is controlled in 0.6m3/h。
After annealing is completed, so that it may be cut down from substrate so that holder will be planted, then removal support, then to table
Face carries out the processing such as sandblasting and sanding and polishing, obtains the full mouth plantation holder of pure titanium.
Claims (6)
- Include 3-D scanning, three dimensional design, data processing, 3D printing and part 1. dentistry plants the 3D printing method of holder Post-processing, it is characterized in that：Blue light is first passed through in 3-D scanning to scan to obtain the global shape of threedimensional model, then is swept by probe It retouches and fine scanning is carried out to the interface section for planting holder, and be not provided with the compensation of vehicle needle in three dimensional design, in data processing When, dentistry plants the interface that holder is connected with planting body, interface internal and the smooth table that egress edge is no support element Face structure, and the density by increasing interface surrounding supports makes interface obtain good support；When the position of data processing is put, the long axis of threedimensional model (2) and the trunnion axis angle (α) of substrate (1) be 30 °~ 60°；In 3D printing, laser scanning twice is at least carried out to the interface by selective laser fusing.
- 2. the 3D printing method of dentistry plantation holder as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The long axis of the threedimensional model with The trunnion axis angle of substrate is 45 °.
- 3. the 3D printing method of dentistry plantation holder as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Pass through three-dimensional mould in three dimensional design The egress edge of type and the Geometry edge of base station position the interface position in threedimensional model as benchmark, make designed Precision between threedimensional model and base station is coincide.
- 4. the 3D printing method of dentistry plantation holder as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：By three after the completion of three dimensional design When dimension module exports, all shells for including in threedimensional model are merged, then by the string of threedimensional model intermediate cam dough sheet High setting is to ensure the precision of threedimensional model less than 0.1mm.
- 5. the 3D printing method of dentistry plantation holder as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：In the laser scanning, 4~6 multiple scannings first are carried out with the low linear energy density laser that linear energy density is 0.1~0.3J/mm to the interface Afterwards, then with linear energy density control in the high linear energy density laser of 0.5~1J/mm fine and close remelting is carried out.
- 6. the 3D printing method of the dentistry plantation holder as described in claim 1,2,3,4 or 5, it is characterized in that：It is right in 3D printing Part plantation holder uses orthogonal continuous scanning, and holder is planted to full mouth, using checkerboard type subarea-scanning, to supporting forming part Point, it is scanned using interlayer.
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| CN201711130905.0A CN107900332B (en) | 2017-11-15 | 2017-11-15 | Dentistry plants the 3D printing method of holder |
| PCT/CN2018/087871 WO2019095660A1 (en) | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-22 | 3d printing method for dental implant abutment |
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| EP3484407B1 (en) | 2016-07-15 | 2020-11-25 | Cudeti Sagl | Implant |
| CN107900332B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-10-26 | 成都优材科技有限公司 | Dentistry plants the 3D printing method of holder |
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| CN110523986A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-03 | 华南理工大学 | A method of it is Fe-based amorphous based on precinct laser fusion forming agglomerate body |
| CN111266574A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-06-12 | 西安航天发动机有限公司 | Integral manufacturing method of pin type head interlayer shell of aerospace engine |
| CN111347040A (en) * | 2019-12-15 | 2020-06-30 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | High-precision and high-efficiency double-beam composite laser selective melting forming method and device |
| CN111036905A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-21 | 同济大学 | Method for improving density and avoiding hole defects by using layer-by-layer repeated laser remelting |
| CN111823595B (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2022-04-08 | 四川大学 | Personalized intraoral stent for deep-covered crowds |
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| CN114103103B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-09-29 | 栗荣安 | A3D printer for printing from facial moulding product of subsides formula nasal part |
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| CN115029513A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-09-09 | 苏州亚太精睿传动科技股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of main inductive copper body of gear quenching inductor |
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| CN101000499A (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2007-07-18 | 浙江大学 | Contour machining method and system based on multi-sensor integral measuring |
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| CN101401746B (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2010-11-10 | 华中科技大学 | Method for quickly producing removalbe partial denture bracket |
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| CN106580495B (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2022-07-19 | 大连三生科技发展有限公司 | Dental 3D printing system |
| CN107900332B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-10-26 | 成都优材科技有限公司 | Dentistry plants the 3D printing method of holder |
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Effective date of registration: 20181107 Address after: 610207 second, Tengfei two road 355 Economic Development Zone, Shuangliu District, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee after: Chengdu Dent Dental Technology Development Co., Ltd. Address before: 610000 9 A 1 block, No. 1, two South Road, Keyuan garden, Chengdu hi tech Zone, Sichuan. Patentee before: Chengdu excellent technology Co., Ltd. |