CN107883915B - Bridge dynamic deflection detection method and device - Google Patents
Bridge dynamic deflection detection method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107883915B CN107883915B CN201610874893.1A CN201610874893A CN107883915B CN 107883915 B CN107883915 B CN 107883915B CN 201610874893 A CN201610874893 A CN 201610874893A CN 107883915 B CN107883915 B CN 107883915B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0008—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings of bridges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0041—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress
- G01M5/005—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of civil engineering, in particular to a method and a device for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge, wherein the method comprises the steps of detecting an acceleration measurement value of a measuring point on the bridge by adopting an acceleration sensor, and detecting a strain value in the longitudinal direction on the bridge by adopting a strain sensor; processing according to the acceleration measurement value and the strain value to obtain an initial speed value and an acceleration drift error coefficient of the bridge; processing to obtain the dynamic deflection of the bridge according to the acceleration measured value, the initial speed value and the acceleration drift error coefficient; the device comprises an acceleration sensor, a strain sensor, a control unit, a first processing unit and a second processing unit. The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the device has a simple structure, can effectively solve the problem that the speed of the starting time and the measuring point in the deflection direction cannot be determined in the prior art, eliminates errors caused by time sequence drift existing in acceleration, improves the measurement precision of the dynamic deflection of the bridge, and reduces the detection complexity of the dynamic deflection of the bridge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of civil engineering, in particular to a method and a device for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge
Background
The dynamic deflection of the bridge is an important parameter for detecting the safety of the bridge in actual use. The traditional dynamic deflection detection method adopts a laser displacement meter, a resistance displacement meter and the like for detection. Since sensors such as a laser displacement meter and a resistance displacement meter must be fixed to a bracket under a measuring point, it is difficult to apply the sensors to a place where it is difficult to install the bracket, such as a road, a river, etc., under the measuring point.
The acceleration sensor does not depend on the support and can directly detect the acceleration value of the bridge measuring point. Because the dynamic deflection and the acceleration are in a twice integral relationship, theoretically, the acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor is subjected to twice integral, and the dynamic deflection of the measuring point can be obtained. Therefore, the use of an acceleration sensor is a very desirable detection method.
When the deflection is calculated based on the acceleration value, the following problems exist at present:
1) the starting time and the ending time of the dynamic deflection curve are determined, and then the acceleration value in the period of time is taken out for numerical integration. However, even if no vehicle passes through the bridge in actual use, the bridge is always in a micro-vibration state due to factors such as bridge piers and crosswind, and therefore, it is difficult to identify the starting point time and the ending point time of the dynamic deflection curve on the basis of time-series acceleration values;
2) the speed of the measuring point in the deflection direction at the starting point of the deflection curve needs to be determined. And the acceleration sensor itself cannot acquire such a speed value.
3) There is a slight timing drift in the acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor due to the influence of temperature and the like. This drift is amplified by two integrations, which results in a large error.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a method and an apparatus for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge, which can solve the problems of timing drift of acceleration, and determining the speed of a start time and a measuring point in a deflection direction, etc., without using a support.
The main technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a bridge dynamic deflection detection method is suitable for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge when a vehicle passes through the bridge; it is characterized by comprising:
step S1, detecting an acceleration measurement value of a measurement point on the bridge by using an acceleration sensor, and synchronously detecting a strain value in the longitudinal direction on the bridge by using a strain sensor;
step S2, processing according to the acceleration measurement value and the strain value to obtain an initial velocity value of the bridge and an acceleration drift error coefficient of the bridge;
and step S3, processing the dynamic deflection of the bridge according to the acceleration measurement value, the initial velocity value and the acceleration drift error coefficient, and then quitting.
Preferably, in the method for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge, the step S2 specifically includes:
step S21, processing according to the strain value to obtain the initial time when the vehicle drives into the bridge, the strain peak time and the terminal time when the vehicle drives away from the bridge;
and step S22, processing according to the acceleration measurement value, the starting time, the strain peak time and the end time to obtain an initial velocity value of the bridge and an acceleration drift error coefficient of the bridge.
Preferably, in the method for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge, in step S22, the start time t is first determined1And the moment t of the peak strain value2Construction of a reference velocity v0A first relation corresponding to the acceleration drift error coefficient ω, said first relation being represented as follows:
A1·v0+B1·ω＝C1，
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
A1＝1；
t1the system is used for representing the starting moment when the vehicle drives into the bridge;
t2the terminal time for representing the vehicle to drive away from the bridge is obtained;
a (t) is used for representing the acceleration measurement value measured by the acceleration sensor;
v0the initial speed is used for representing the initial speed of the vehicle driving into the bridge;
ω is used to represent the acceleration drift error coefficient present for the acceleration measurements.
And
and constructing a second relation of the acceleration drift error coefficient corresponding to the initial speed according to the starting time and the end time, wherein the second relation is expressed as follows:
A2·v0+B2·ω＝C2；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
A2＝(t3-t1)；
t3a strain peak time for representing the strain value;
subsequently, in step S22, the initial velocity and the acceleration drift error coefficient are obtained by processing according to the first relational expression and the second relational expression.
Preferably, in the method for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge, the measured acceleration value a (t) and the initial velocity v are0And the expression of the dynamic deflection d (t) of the bridge obtained by processing the acceleration drift error coefficient omega is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
t1the system is used for representing the starting moment when the vehicle drives into the bridge;
t2the terminal time for representing the vehicle to drive away from the bridge is obtained;
t3a strain peak time for representing the strain value;
a (t) is used for representing the acceleration measurement value measured by the acceleration sensor;
v0the initial speed is used for representing the initial speed of the vehicle driving into the bridge;
ω is used to represent the acceleration drift error coefficient present for the acceleration measurements.
Preferably, in the method for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge, the acceleration sensor may be an MEMS acceleration sensor.
Preferably, in the method for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge, the measuring point is located at the middle position of the bridge, that is, the acceleration sensor and the strain sensor are arranged at the middle position of the bridge.
Preferably, based on the bridge dynamic deflection detection method, a bridge dynamic deflection detection device is provided, and is suitable for performing dynamic deflection detection on the bridge when a vehicle drives across the bridge; wherein, include:
the acceleration sensor is used for detecting the acceleration of a bridge measuring point to obtain an acceleration measured value;
the strain sensor is used for detecting strain data in the longitudinal direction of the bridge to obtain a strain value;
the control unit is respectively connected with the acceleration sensor and the strain sensor and is used for controlling the acceleration sensor and the strain sensor to synchronously acquire data;
the first processing unit is respectively connected with the strain sensor and the acceleration sensor and is used for processing the acceleration measurement value and the strain value to obtain an initial velocity value and an acceleration drift error coefficient of the bridge;
and the second processing unit is connected with the first processing unit and used for processing according to the acceleration measurement value, the initial velocity value and the acceleration drift error coefficient to obtain the dynamic deflection of the bridge.
Preferably, in the bridge dynamic deflection detection device, the acceleration sensor may be an MEMS-type acceleration sensor.
Preferably, in the bridge dynamic deflection detection apparatus, the measurement point is located at a middle position of the bridge, that is, the acceleration sensor, the strain sensor, the control unit, the first processing unit, and the second processing unit are provided at a middle position of the bridge.
The technical scheme has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method and a device for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge, which have simple structure, can effectively solve the problem that the speed of a starting moment and a measuring point in the deflection direction cannot be determined in the prior art, eliminates errors caused by time sequence drift existing in acceleration, improves the measurement precision of the dynamic deflection of the bridge, and reduces the detection complexity of the dynamic deflection of the bridge.
Drawings
Embodiments of the present invention will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are, however, to be regarded as illustrative and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the scope of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of processing to obtain an initial velocity value and an acceleration drift error coefficient according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a bridge dynamic deflection detection device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. Of course, the invention is capable of other embodiments in addition to those detailed.
The invention provides a device and a method for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge, which can well solve the problems of time sequence drift of acceleration, determination of the starting time and the speed of a measuring point in the deflection direction and the like.
The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, in which it is apparent that the examples described are only a few, and not all, examples of the present invention. All examples, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step, based on the examples summarized herein, are within the scope of the invention.
It is to be noted that the examples and features of the examples in the present invention can be freely combined with each other without conflict.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a bridge dynamic deflection detection method in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the bridge dynamic deflection detection method specifically includes the following steps:
step S1, detecting an acceleration measurement value of a measurement point on the bridge by using an acceleration sensor 1, and synchronously detecting a strain value in the longitudinal direction on the bridge by using a strain sensor 2;
step S2, processing according to the acceleration measurement value and the strain value to obtain an initial speed value of the bridge and an acceleration drift error coefficient of the bridge;
and step S3, processing to obtain the dynamic deflection of the bridge according to the acceleration measurement value, the initial velocity value and the acceleration drift error coefficient, and then quitting.
By the technical scheme, the problem that the starting time and the speed of the measuring point in the deflection direction cannot be determined in the prior art can be solved, errors caused by time sequence drift existing in acceleration can be eliminated, the measurement precision of the dynamic deflection of the bridge is improved, and the detection complexity of the dynamic deflection of the bridge is reduced.
In a preferred embodiment, step S2 specifically includes:
step S21, obtaining the initial time when the vehicle drives into the bridge, the strain peak time and the terminal time when the vehicle drives out of the bridge according to the strain value processing;
and step S22, processing according to the acceleration measured value, the starting time, the strain peak time and the end time to obtain an initial velocity value of the bridge and an acceleration drift error coefficient of the bridge.
In the above technical solution, the strain sensor 2 is a sensor based on measuring the strain generated by the forced deformation of the object, the larger the kinetic energy of the object is, the larger the pressure is, and the kinetic energy of the object changes with the change of the acceleration, therefore, the strain sensor 2 and the acceleration sensor 1 have the same starting point time t1End point time t3And the peak time t2The problem that the starting time cannot be determined in the prior art is solved, wherein the change of the kinetic energy of the object along with the change of the acceleration is common knowledge in the field, and therefore the description is omitted.
In a preferred embodiment, step S22 is performed according to the starting time t1And strain peak time t2Construction of a reference velocity v0A first relation corresponding to the acceleration drift error coefficient ω, the first relation being expressed as follows:
A1·v0+B1·ω＝C1； (1)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
A1＝1；
t1the system is used for representing the starting moment when the vehicle drives into the bridge;
t2the terminal time is used for representing the terminal time when the vehicle drives off the bridge;
a (t) is used for representing the measured value of the acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor 1;
v0the system is used for representing the initial speed of the vehicle driving into the bridge;
ω is used to represent the acceleration drift error coefficient present for the acceleration measurement.
And
and constructing a second relation of the acceleration drift error coefficient corresponding to the initial speed according to the starting time and the end time, wherein the second relation is expressed as follows:
A2·v0+B2·ω＝C2； (2)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
A2＝(t3-t1)；
t3a strain peak time for representing a strain value;
subsequently, in step S22, the initial velocity and acceleration drift error coefficients are obtained by processing according to the first relational expression and the second relational expression.
In a further embodiment, the time sequence drift of the measured acceleration can be regarded as a linear relation with time in a short time, that is, the drift error of the acceleration is ω t, wherein ω is the drift error coefficient of the acceleration, and the drift-corrected acceleration value a (t) is a (t) - ω t;
in a further embodiment, let t1Initial velocity v of the beam body at time0And the deflection direction speed of the measuring point is v (t), then
Time t of peak due to strain2The maximum value of deflection, at which the speed is zero, then
the deflection of the measuring point can be calculated as follows
When the vehicle drives off the bridge, namely the terminal time t3, the deflection returns to zero, then
In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration measurements a (t), the initial velocity v0And processing the acceleration drift error coefficient omega to obtain an expression of the bridge dynamic deflection d (t) as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
t1the system is used for representing the starting moment when the vehicle drives into the bridge;
t2for indicating vehiclesThe terminal moment when the vehicle leaves the bridge;
t3a strain peak time for representing a strain value;
a (t) is used for representing the measured value of the acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor 1;
v0the system is used for representing the initial speed of the vehicle driving into the bridge;
ω is used to represent the acceleration drift error coefficient present for the acceleration measurement.
In a further embodiment, the initial velocity is v, obtained by the process according to equations 1 and 10And an acceleration drift error coefficient omega with an initial velocity v0And the acceleration drift error coefficient ω is expressed as follows:
in a preferred embodiment, the acceleration sensor 1 is a MEMS acceleration sensor 1.
According to the technical scheme, the MEMS acceleration sensor 1 is selected, so that the cost is saved, the size is small, the stability and the durability are good, and the structure of the bridge dynamic deflection detection device is simplified.
In a preferred embodiment, the survey point is located at a middle position of the bridge.
According to the technical scheme, the measuring points are arranged at the middle position of the bridge, the measured data are most accurate, and the measuring points are arranged at the middle position of the bridge according to the known technology in the field, so that the description is omitted.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a bridge dynamic deflection detection device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which provides a bridge dynamic deflection detection device based on the above method, and is suitable for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge when a vehicle passes through the bridge, wherein the bridge dynamic deflection detection device comprises:
the acceleration sensor 1 is used for detecting the acceleration of a bridge measuring point to obtain an acceleration measured value;
the strain sensor 2 is used for detecting strain data in the longitudinal direction of the bridge to obtain a strain value;
the control unit 3 is respectively connected with the acceleration sensor 1 and the strain sensor 2 and is used for controlling the acceleration sensor 1 and the strain sensor 2 to synchronously acquire data;
the first processing unit 4 is respectively connected with the strain sensor 2 and the acceleration sensor 1 and is used for processing the acceleration measurement value and the strain value to obtain an initial velocity value and an acceleration drift error coefficient of the bridge;
and the second processing unit 5 is connected with the first processing unit 4 and used for processing according to the acceleration measured value, the initial velocity value and the acceleration drift error coefficient to obtain the dynamic deflection of the bridge.
By the technical scheme, the problem that the starting time and the speed of the measuring point in the deflection direction cannot be determined in the prior art can be solved, errors caused by time sequence drift existing in acceleration can be eliminated, the measurement precision of the dynamic deflection of the bridge is improved, and the detection complexity of the dynamic deflection of the bridge is reduced.
In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration sensor 1 is a MEMS-type acceleration sensor.
In a preferred embodiment, the bridge station is located at a middle position of the bridge.
According to the technical scheme, the measuring points are arranged at the middle position of the bridge, the measured data are most accurate, and the measuring points are arranged at the middle position of the bridge according to the known technology in the field, so that the description is omitted.
In summary, the invention provides a method for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge, which combines an acceleration sensor and a strain sensor to synchronously detect and acquire an acceleration measurement value and a strain value of a bridge measurement point position.
The above description is of the preferred embodiment of the invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, in that devices and structures not described in detail are understood to be implemented in a manner common in the art; those skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the disclosed embodiments, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the spirit of the invention, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.
Claims (8)
1. A bridge dynamic deflection detection method is suitable for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge when a vehicle passes through the bridge; it is characterized by comprising:
step S1, detecting an acceleration measurement value of a measurement point on the bridge by using an acceleration sensor, and synchronously detecting a strain value in the longitudinal direction on the bridge by using a strain sensor;
step S2, processing according to the acceleration measurement value and the strain value to obtain an initial velocity value of the bridge and an acceleration drift error coefficient of the bridge;
step S3, processing the dynamic deflection of the bridge according to the acceleration measurement value, the initial speed value and the acceleration drift error coefficient, and then quitting;
the measured acceleration value a (t), the initial velocity v0And the expression of the dynamic deflection d (t) of the bridge obtained by processing the acceleration drift error coefficient omega is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
t1for indicating entry of said vehicle intoThe initial moment of the bridge;
t2the terminal time for representing the vehicle to drive away from the bridge is obtained;
t3a strain peak time for representing the strain value;
a (t) is used for representing the measured acceleration value at the current time t measured by the acceleration sensor;
v0the initial speed is used for representing the initial speed of the vehicle driving into the bridge;
ω is used to represent the acceleration drift error coefficient present for the acceleration measurements.
2. The method for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 specifically comprises:
step S21, processing according to the strain value to obtain the initial time when the vehicle drives into the bridge, the strain peak time and the terminal time when the vehicle drives away from the bridge;
and step S22, processing according to the acceleration measurement value, the starting time, the strain peak time and the end time to obtain an initial velocity value of the bridge and an acceleration drift error coefficient of the bridge.
3. The dynamic deflection detection method for a bridge according to claim 2, wherein in step S22, the method first determines the start time t1And the moment t of the peak strain value2Construction of a reference velocity v0A first relation corresponding to the acceleration drift error coefficient ω, said first relation being represented as follows:
A1·v0+B1·ω＝C1，
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
A1＝1；
t1the system is used for representing the starting moment when the vehicle drives into the bridge;
t2the terminal time for representing the vehicle to drive away from the bridge is obtained;
a (t) is used for representing the acceleration measurement value measured by the acceleration sensor;
v0the initial speed is used for representing the initial speed of the vehicle driving into the bridge;
ω is used to represent the acceleration drift error coefficient present for the acceleration measurement;
and
and constructing a second relation of the acceleration drift error coefficient corresponding to the initial speed according to the starting time and the end time, wherein the second relation is expressed as follows:
A2·v0+B2·ω＝C2；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
A2＝(t3-t1)；
t3a strain peak time for representing the strain value;
subsequently, in step S22, the initial velocity and the acceleration drift error coefficient are obtained by processing according to the first relational expression and the second relational expression.
4. The bridge dynamic deflection detection method of claim 1, wherein the acceleration sensor is a MEMS acceleration sensor.
5. The method for detecting the dynamic deflection of the bridge according to claim 1, wherein the measuring point is located in the middle of the bridge.
6. A bridge dynamic deflection detection device is suitable for detecting dynamic deflection of a bridge when a vehicle passes through the bridge; the method is applied to the method for detecting the dynamic deflection of the bridge according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprises the following steps:
the acceleration sensor is used for detecting the acceleration of a bridge measuring point to obtain an acceleration measured value;
the strain sensor is used for detecting strain data in the longitudinal direction of the bridge to obtain a strain value;
the control unit is respectively connected with the acceleration sensor and the strain sensor and is used for controlling the acceleration sensor and the strain sensor to synchronously acquire data;
the first processing unit is respectively connected with the strain sensor and the acceleration sensor and is used for processing the acceleration measurement value and the strain value to obtain an initial velocity value and an acceleration drift error coefficient of the bridge;
and the second processing unit is connected with the first processing unit and used for processing according to the acceleration measurement value, the initial velocity value and the acceleration drift error coefficient to obtain the dynamic deflection of the bridge.
7. The bridge dynamic deflection detection device of claim 6, wherein the acceleration sensor is a MEMS type acceleration sensor.
8. The dynamic deflection detection device for the bridge according to claim 6, wherein the bridge measuring point is located at the middle position of the bridge.
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| CN108829998A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-16 | 石家庄铁道大学 | A kind of detection method of deflection of bridge span, detection device and terminal device |
| CN110132161A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-16 | 厦门大学 | A method of based on strain measurement mid-span deflection in bridge span |
| CN110307955A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-08 | 中南大学 | Well hole car load bearing beam elasticity dynamic deflection measurement method and system based on multiple spot strain perception |
| CN110553808A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-10 | 山东建筑大学 | Beam bridge overall rigidity evaluation method based on vehicle vibration |
| CN111289195B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-11-02 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基础设施检测研究所 | Bridge deflection measuring system and measuring method |
| JP7396139B2 (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2023-12-12 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Measurement method, measurement device, measurement system and measurement program |
| JP7400566B2 (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2023-12-19 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Measurement method, measurement device, measurement system and measurement program |
| CN112461190B (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-12-31 | 合肥工业大学 | Bridge deformation reconstruction method |
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