CN107807786A - Storage device and its data mapping method - Google Patents
Storage device and its data mapping method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107807786A CN107807786A CN201610809613.9A CN201610809613A CN107807786A CN 107807786 A CN107807786 A CN 107807786A CN 201610809613 A CN201610809613 A CN 201610809613A CN 107807786 A CN107807786 A CN 107807786A
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- volatility memorizer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
- G06F3/0608—Saving storage space on storage systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
- G06F3/0638—Organizing or formatting or addressing of data
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
- G06F3/0655—Vertical data movement, i.e. input-output transfer; data movement between one or more hosts and one or more storage devices
- G06F3/0658—Controller construction arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
- G06F3/0671—In-line storage system
- G06F3/0683—Plurality of storage devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)
- Memory System (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of storage device, including：One non-volatility memorizer；One volatile storage, a region data mapping table of the part memory space for recording the non-volatility memorizer；One Memory Controller Hub, for being connected with a main control end, and control the non-volatility memorizer and the access of the volatile storage, wherein, the Memory Controller Hub assigns each archives for being stored in the non-volatility memorizer corresponding priority degree, and by the archives institute with highest priority degree, data mapping relations establish the area maps table accordingly according to the corresponding priority degree of each archives institute.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of storage device, more particularly to a kind of storage device and its data mapping method.
Background technology
With the development of technology, the transmission speed of the storage device in computer system is also more and more fast, such as solid-state is hard
Disk (Solid-state Disk) is the non-volatility memorizer that can carry out quick data access.In recent years, by each computer factory
Business has concluded the transmission standard of non-volatility memorizer, such as enters a grade console controller interface (Advanced Host
Controller Interface, AHCI) and quick non-volatility memorizer (Non-volatile Memory Express,
NVMe) etc..Above two standard level is to be controlled in storage device and being accessed comprising instruction set, flash memories for operating system end
The Interface Standards such as system, buffer transmitting stage (Register Transfer Level) and driver layer.
In addition, anti-and lock flash memories (NAND flash) costs are also more and more low, and conventional art can not reach
To Large Copacity solid-state hard disk drive also more and more popularized on the market in present.However, for Large Copacity solid-state hard disk drive and
Speech, using the data mapping mechanism in the past for the less solid-state hard disk drive of capacity production cost can be caused higher, and be also difficult to
Reduce production cost.The data mapping mechanism being used in the past in the less solid-state hard disk drive of capacity is the control in solid-state hard disk drive
One piece of volatile storage (such as DRAM) is configured in device, and in order to reach the effect quickly accessed, can be by solid-state hard disk drive
The mapping tables of data of all told of flash memories be all put into volatile storage, but in volatile storage
In the size of data mapping table be almost fixed as the one thousandths of flash memories.In simple terms, if traditional solid state hard disc
The capacity of the flash memories of machine is 1TB, then the size of the data mapping table in volatile storage needs at least 1GB, this
The cost of volatile storage can be caused excessively high.
Therefore, it is necessary to which a kind of solid-state hard disk drive and its data mapping method are to solve the above problems.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of storage device, including：One non-volatility memorizer；One volatile storage, for recording
One region data mapping table of the part memory space of the non-volatility memorizer；One Memory Controller Hub, for a main control end
It is connected, and controls the non-volatility memorizer and the access of the volatile storage, wherein, the Memory Controller Hub system is to storage
Each archives in the non-volatility memorizer assign corresponding priority degree, and corresponding this is preferential according to each archives institute
The corresponding data mapping relations of archives institute with highest priority degree are established the area maps table by power degree.
The present invention also provides a kind of data mapping method, and for a storage device, the wherein storage device includes：One non-waves
Hair property memory, a volatile storage and a Memory Controller Hub, this method include：By the storage device and a main control end phase
Connection；A region data mapping table of the part memory space of the non-volatility memorizer is recorded using the volatile storage；
Corresponding priority degree is assigned to each archives being stored in the non-volatility memorizer using the Memory Controller Hub；Utilize
The Memory Controller according to each archives the corresponding priority degree archives institute with highest priority degree is corresponding
Data mapping relations establish the area maps table.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram according to the computer system in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram according to the region data mapping table in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart according to the data mapping method for being used for storage device in one embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals：
100~computer system, 110~central processing unit
111~Memory Controller Hub, 120~system storage
121~data pond, 130~storage device
131~Memory Controller Hub, 132~volatile storage
133~non-volatility memorizer, 200~region data mapping table
202~high priority region 204~secondary high priority region
206~commonly use data region 208~nearest using area
S310-S370~step
Embodiment
To enable the features described above of the present invention and advantage to become apparent, special embodiment below, and coordinate institute's accompanying drawing to make
Describe in detail as follows.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram according to the computer system in one embodiment of the invention.In one embodiment, computer system 100
Including a central processing unit 110, a system storage 120 and a storage device 130.Central processing unit 110 and system storage
120 can be considered a main control end (host).Storage device 130 includes a Memory Controller Hub 131, a volatile storage 132 and one
Non-volatility memorizer 132.For example, Memory Controller Hub 131 can for example support NVMe standards, volatile storage 132
Dynamic random access memory (DRAM) in this way, and non-volatility memorizer 133 is, for example, NAND-flash memory, but it is of the invention
It is not limited to this.In addition, with PCIe or SATA bus-bars as communication bridge between system storage 120 and storage device 130.
In one embodiment, central processing unit 110 also includes a Memory Controller Hub 111, and the data for control system memory 120 is deposited
Take, wherein system storage 120 is, for example, dynamic random access memory.In another embodiment, Memory Controller Hub 111 is independent
Outside central processing unit 110.
In one embodiment, Memory Controller Hub 111 is by marking off a data pond 121 in system storage 120.Work as centre
When reason device 110 wants write-in data to storage device 130, central processing unit 110 will cache data elder generation by Memory Controller Hub 111
Write-in is into the data pond 121 (such as dma access) in system storage 120, and Memory Controller Hub 131 is again by data pond 121
Middle acquirement caching data, and write in non-volatility memorizer 132.
It is to be understood that Memory Controller Hub 131 is by a quick flashing when write-in data is to non-volatility memorizer 132
Translation layer (Flash Translation Layer, FTL), the quick flashing translation layer are responsible for providing archives economy and deposited in non-waving property
The correspondence between entity data layer in reservoir 132 so that the shelves as general conventional hard still can be seen in operating system
Case system.It is noted that above-mentioned quick flashing translation layer is typically alternatively referred to as data mapping table, it is stored in volatile storage
In 132, and the size of volatile storage 132 is much smaller than the one thousandth of non-volatility memorizer 133.Also therefore, it is stored in
Data mapping table in volatile storage 132 can not correspond to all data in non-volatility memorizer 133 completely.Herein
In the case of data mapping table be also referred to as region data mapping table.It is to be understood that it can be deposited in non-volatility memorizer 133
A complete information mapping table is put, i.e. referred to as universe data mapping table.
In one embodiment, for the operating system performed by central processing unit 110, not in solid-state hard disk drive
All files be required for priority memory access.All it is generally that system documentation need to carry out random read take (random access), this part
The data mapping table of system documentation often need to be stored in volatile storage 132.In addition, different system documentations is important
Degree also can be otherwise varied according to classification and usage degree.Still further, the access time of volatile storage 132 is far small
In the access time of non-volatility memorizer, so if the mapping relations for the data to be read from non-volatility memorizer have been remembered
The data mapping table in volatile storage is recorded, then Memory Controller Hub 131 can be according to the data mapping relations directly from non-volatile
Property memory 133 reads desired data.If the mapping relations for the data to be read from non-volatility memorizer 133 do not record
In the region data mapping table of volatile storage 132, then Memory Controller Hub 131 need to be from the universe money in non-volatility memorizer
Material mapping table finds corresponding mapping relations, then could read desired data from non-volatility memorizer 133.Implement one
In example, if the size of non-volatility memorizer 133 is 1T bit groups, the volatile storage 132 in the present invention can be used only
The size of 32M bit groups.
In one embodiment, the data that will be stored in Memory Controller Hub 111 passes through Memory Controller Hub from system storage
During 131 write-in non-volatility memorizer 133, central processing unit 110 can indicate its degree of priority in the data to be write, and interior
Memory controller 131 then can determine that be stored in the write-in data of non-volatility memorizer 133 is according to the degree of priority of write-in data
Region data mapping table of the no needs in volatile storage 132 establishes corresponding corresponding relation.
For example, a plurality of levels, such as level 0~7, wherein level 0 can be divided into by writing the priority degree of data
Highest priority is represented, level 7 then represents lowest priority, but is familiar with the operator in field of the present invention also visual actual conditions are adjusted
The level quantity of whole degree of priority.In general, the archives of the system documentation in operating system often there are less archives to hold
Amount (such as a few K bit groups to a few MB bit groups), and significance level is high.Furthermore drag the logical of the reading speed of slow solid-state hard disk drive
All it is often random read take action, since it is desired that usually inquiring about the region data mapping table of volatile storage, this part is upper
State in embodiment and illustrated.Memory Controller Hub 131 need to first judge whether the mapping relations of the data of wanted random read take are deposited in
The region data mapping table of volatile storage 132, thus the high system documentation of importance be often assigned it is excellent with highest
First weigh.In other words, when central processing unit 110 is wanted to read system documentation from non-volatility memorizer 133, system documentation reflects
The relation of penetrating is necessarily present in the region data mapping table of volatile storage 132, therefore Memory Controller Hub 131 can close according to the mapping
System, directly reads desired system documentation from non-volatility memorizer 133.
Comparatively, for operating system, significance level it is relatively low be the larger archives of capacity, e.g. multimedia
Archives, user's data etc..When reading the larger archives of these capacity to non-volatility memorizer 133, although these are big
The region data mapping table that the data mapping relations of archives are not deposited in volatile storage 132, Memory Controller Hub 131 need
Again from the universe data mapping table in non-volatility memorizer 133 read corresponding data mapping relations after could be from non-volatile
Memory 133 reads desired data.Although more actions inquired about together to universe data mapping table, because reading
It is all continuously to be read to take during these big archives, therefore only it is to be understood that archives start and terminated in non-volatility memorizer 133
Paging (page) and block (block), you can continuously read.The transmission continuously read along with solid-state hard disk drive
Speed is very fast, therefore has not felt as any delay usually using person.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram according to the region data mapping table in one embodiment of the invention.In one embodiment, it is stored in
Region data mapping table 200 in volatile storage 132 can also be divided into several regions, such as：High priority region 202,
Secondary high priority region 204, conventional data region 206 and nearest using area 208.In general, newest from non-volatile
The data mapping relations of the accessed data of memory 133 can be written into nearest using area 208, either system file,
User's data, general archives, Large Copacity archives etc. can all take identical to act.High priority region 202 is then preferential
The system documentation of deposit operation system or the data mapping relations of specially appointed high priority data, the data in this region are reflected
Penetrate relation then generally less change after write-in.The data that general important archives are then deposited in secondary high priority region 204 is reflected
Relation is penetrated, the data in this region may be acted and changed with the data access of different priority degree, i.e. priority
The data mapping relations of the relatively low data of degree can be deleted preferentially to be replaced by the higher data of priority degree from this region
Data mapping relations.Conventional data region 206 then deposits the data mapping relations of data most-often used recently.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart according to the data mapping method for being used for storage device in one embodiment of the invention.In step
S310, establish a region relevant with non-volatility memorizer 133 in volatile storage 132 using Memory Controller Hub 131 and provide
Expect mapping table.It is noted that whole storages that the region data mapping table does not correspond to non-volatility memorizer 133 completely are empty
Between.Non-volatility memorizer 133 stores a universe data mapping table, and the whole storages that can record non-volatility memorizer 133 are empty
Between the corresponding data mapping relations of institute.
In each archives that step S320, main control end will be stored in non-volatility memorizer 133 by Memory Controller Hub 131
Corresponding priority degree is assigned respectively.
It is according to the degree of priority of each archives, the archives institute with higher-priority degree is corresponding in step S330
Data mapping relations write the region data mapping table.In the present invention, the system documentation of operating system generally has highest
Priority because the total capacity of system documentation may only have several GB, therefore required data mapping table is not too large, may only account for
Tens of MB.Because system documentation needs most most quick access speed, therefore its data mapping relations need to be stored in volatile storage
To improve access speed in device.
In step S340, when a main control end needs to read the data of non-volatility memorizer 133, Memory Controller Hub 131
Whether the data mapping relations for first inquiring about the data to be read are recorded in the region data mapping table.If it is, perform step
Rapid S350；If it is not, then perform step S360.
In step S350, Memory Controller Hub 131 is directly deposited according to the data mapping relations inquired from non-volatile
Desired data is read in reservoir 133.
In step S360, Memory Controller Hub 131 obtains needs from the universe data mapping table in non-volatility memorizer 133
The data mapping relations of the data of reading.
In step S370, Memory Controller Hub 131 is according to from the data mapping relations acquired by the universe data mapping table
Desired data is read from the non-volatility memorizer 133.
In summary, present invention system provides a kind of storage device (being, for example, solid-state hard disk drive) and its data mapping method.
The data mapping method of the present invention can effectively subtract in the case where not being significantly to influence the access efficiency of solid-state hard disk drive
The size of few volatile storage in the solid-state hard disk drive of Large Copacity so that the manufacturing cost of the solid-state hard disk drive of Large Copacity
It is greatly lowered.
Though the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, so it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, any affiliated skill
Have usually intellectual in art field, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when a little change and retouching can be done, because
The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by those of the claims for this.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of storage device, including：
One non-volatility memorizer；
One volatile storage, a region data mapping table of the part memory space for recording the non-volatility memorizer；
One Memory Controller Hub, for being connected with a main control end, and control the non-volatility memorizer and the volatile storage
Access, wherein, the Memory Controller Hub assigns a corresponding priority to each archives for being stored in the non-volatility memorizer
Degree, and according to each archives the corresponding priority degree the corresponding data of archives institute with highest priority degree is reflected
The relation of penetrating establishes the area maps table.
2. storage device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the main control end is deposited by the Memory Controller Hub to assign
Store up corresponding priority degree of each archives in the non-volatility memorizer.
3. storage device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the system documentation of the main control end has a highest preferential
Power degree.
4. storage device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the non-volatility memorizer stores a universe data and reflected
Firing table, corresponding to all memory spaces of the non-volatility memorizer, and the size of the region data mapping table is less than the universe
Data mapping table.
5. storage device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when the main control end is wanted to read by the Memory Controller Hub
When taking the data in the non-volatility memorizer, the corresponding data mapping of data institute that the Memory Controller Hub judges to want to read is closed
Whether system is stored in the region data mapping table,
If it is, data institute corresponding data mapping of the Memory Controller Hub according to the desired reading in the region data mapping table
Relation directly reads data from the non-volatility memorizer；
If it is not, the Memory Controller Hub inquires about the universe data mapping table of the non-volatility memorizer to obtain desired reading
The corresponding data mapping relations of data institute, and read according to the acquired data mapping relations from the non-volatility memorizer
Take data.
6. a kind of data mapping method, for a storage device, it is characterised in that the storage device includes：One non-volatile deposits
Reservoir, a volatile storage and a Memory Controller Hub, this method include：
The storage device is connected with a main control end；
A region data mapping table of the part memory space of the non-volatility memorizer is recorded using the volatile storage；
Corresponding priority degree is assigned to each archives being stored in the non-volatility memorizer using the Memory Controller Hub；
Using the Memory Controller Hub according to each archives the corresponding priority degree by the archives with highest priority degree
The corresponding data mapping relations of institute establish the area maps table.
7. data mapping method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the main control end is referred to by the Memory Controller Hub
Corresponding priority degree of each archives that group is stored in the non-volatility memorizer.
8. data mapping method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the system documentation of the main control end has a highest
Priority degree.
9. data mapping method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the non-volatility memorizer stores universe money
Expect mapping table, corresponding to all memory spaces of the non-volatility memorizer, and the size of the region data mapping table is less than this
Universe data mapping table.
10. data mapping method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that also include：
When the main control end is wanted to read the data in the non-volatility memorizer by the Memory Controller Hub, the memory is utilized
Whether the corresponding data mapping relations of data institute that controller judges to want to read are stored in the region data mapping table；
If it is, utilize data institute corresponding data of the Memory Controller Hub according to the desired reading in the region data mapping table
Mapping relations directly read data from the non-volatility memorizer；
If it is not, the universe data mapping table that the non-volatility memorizer is inquired about using the Memory Controller Hub is desired to obtain
The corresponding data mapping relations of data institute of reading, and according to the acquired data mapping relations from the non-volatility memorizer
Middle reading data.
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| CN201610809613.9A CN107807786B (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2016-09-08 | Storage device and data mapping method thereof |
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