CN107799122B - High biological simulation voice processing filter and voice recognition equipment - Google Patents
High biological simulation voice processing filter and voice recognition equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN107799122B CN107799122B CN201710805731.7A CN201710805731A CN107799122B CN 107799122 B CN107799122 B CN 107799122B CN 201710805731 A CN201710805731 A CN 201710805731A CN 107799122 B CN107799122 B CN 107799122B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L21/00—Processing of the speech or voice signal to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
- G10L21/02—Speech enhancement, e.g. noise reduction or echo cancellation
- G10L21/0208—Noise filtering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H17/00—Networks using digital techniques
- H03H17/02—Frequency selective networks
- H03H17/0248—Filters characterised by a particular frequency response or filtering method
- H03H17/0252—Elliptic filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H17/00—Networks using digital techniques
- H03H2017/0072—Theoretical filter design
Abstract
The invention provides a high biological simulation speech processing filter, which is a nine-order filter constructed by sequentially cascading a band-pass filtering unit, a low-pass filtering unit and an elliptical low-pass filtering unit, wherein the center frequency of the nine-order filter is adjusted by the low-pass filtering unit. Thus, in combination with the frequency response characteristic of the biological cochlea, the sound response curve near the specific center frequency can be subdivided into a slow passive section, an active selective section and a sudden steep cut-off section, wherein the slow passive section is processed by adopting band-pass filtering, the active selective section is processed by adopting low-pass filtering, and the sudden steep cut-off section is processed by adopting an elliptical low-pass filtering unit, so that the speech processing with high biological simulation and low power consumption is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of voice recognition, in particular to a high biological simulation voice processing filter and voice recognition equipment.
Background
The key part of human perception of sound is the cochlea of the ear, different parts of the cochlea for sound perception aim at different frequencies, and the response frequency distribution range from the cochlea tip to the cochlea bottom is from about 20Hz to 20 KHz. In addition, according to the existing scientific research, the biological cochlea has a specific frequency response curve to sound, and the current speech processing filter basically adopts a common analog band-pass filter or a common digital filter, and does not consider the sound frequency response characteristic of the biological cochlea.
Human voice itself is continuous time domain, digital filtering form firstly needs to convert analog signals into digital signals, digital redundancy and distortion phenomena easily occur in the conversion process according to the Nyquist sampling law, digital filtering is difficult to achieve low power consumption, and filtering speed is slow. The frequency response characteristic of the biological cochlea is not considered by adopting the common analog band-pass filter, so that a lot of key voice information can be lost, and the recognition effect of human voice can be reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high biological simulation voice processing filter and voice recognition equipment, and aims to solve the problems of poor recognition effect and easy distortion when the existing analog band-pass filter or digital filter is used for processing voice of human voice.
On one hand, the invention provides a high biological simulation speech processing filter, which is a nine-order filter constructed by sequentially cascading a band-pass filtering unit, a low-pass filtering unit and an elliptical low-pass filtering unit, wherein the center frequency of the nine-order filter is adjusted by the low-pass filtering unit.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides a speech recognition device, including the above high biological simulation speech processing filter.
The high biological simulation voice processing filter provided by the invention adopts an advanced low-power consumption analog integrated circuit technology, combines the frequency response characteristic of a biological cochlea, can subdivide a sound response curve near a specific central frequency into a slow passive section, an active selective stage and a sudden steep cut-off stage, adopts band-pass filtering to process in the slow passive section, adopts low-pass filtering to process in the active selective stage, and adopts an elliptical low-pass filtering unit to process in the sudden steep cut-off stage, thereby realizing the voice processing with high biological simulation and low power consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a high bio-fidelity speech processing filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a frequency response curve of the cochlea to sound;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a transconductance amplifier in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a band-pass filtering unit of the high biological fidelity speech processing filter shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a low pass filter unit of the high biological fidelity speech processing filter shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of an elliptical low pass filter unit of the high biological fidelity speech processing filter of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a high frequency 12KHz frequency response simulation plot for the high biological fidelity speech processing filter of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 8 is a low frequency 20Hz frequency response simulation for the high biological fidelity speech processing filter of FIG. 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the high biological fidelity speech processing Filter according to the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to speech recognition devices such as cochlear implants and hearing aids, and the high biological fidelity speech processing Filter is a nine-order Filter constructed by sequentially cascading a band Pass Filter unit 10 (BPF), a Low Pass Filter unit 20 (LPF) and an Elliptic Low Pass Filter unit 30 (ELF), wherein the center frequency of the nine-order Filter may be adjusted by the Low Pass Filter unit 20. Thus, the acoustic response curve for a particular center frequency can be subdivided into three phases, a first passive phase, which is slow and is processed using the band-pass filter unit 10, a second active selective phase, which is processed using the low-pass filter unit 20, and a third cut-off phase, which is abruptly steep and is processed using the elliptical low-pass filter unit 30.
In the embodiment of the invention, the ninth-order filter adopts Gm-form C, wherein GmIs the transconductance value of a transconductance (operational) amplifier (OTA) and C is a capacitance. Gmthe-C filter circuit forming unit mainly comprises a transconductance amplifier and a capacitor.
Referring to fig. 3, in the embodiment of the invention, the transconductance operational amplifier includes a first POMS transistor M1, a second PMOS transistor M2, a third PMOS transistor M3, a fourth PMOS transistor M4, a first NMOS transistor M5, a second NMOS transistor M6, a third NMOS transistor M7, and a fourth NMOS transistor M8.
The grid of the first POMS transistor M1 and the grid of the second PMOS transistor M2 are commonly connected with a voltage source VDD, the source of the first POMS transistor M1 and the source of the second PMOS transistor M2 are commonly connected with an adjustable bias current ISS, and the central frequency of the corresponding filter can be changed by changing the magnitude of the bias current ISS. The drain of the first POMS transistor M1 is connected to the source of the third PMOS transistor M3, the drain of the second PMOS transistor M2 is connected to the source of the fourth PMOS transistor M4, the gate of the third PMOS transistor M3 is used as the inverting input terminal of the transconductance operational amplifier, and the drain of the third PMOS transistor M3 is connected to the drain of the first NMOS transistor M5 and is used as the non-inverting input terminal of the transconductance operational amplifier. The source electrode of the first NMOS transistor M5, the drain electrode of the third NMOS transistor M7, the gate electrode of the third NMOS transistor M7 and the gate electrode of the fourth NMOS transistor M8 are connected in common, and the source electrode of the third NMOS transistor M7 is grounded; the drain of the second PMOS transistor M2 is connected to the source of the fourth PMOS transistor M4, and the gate of the fourth PMOS transistor M4 serves as the output terminal of the transconductance operational amplifier. The drain of the fourth PMOS transistor M4 is connected to the drain of the second NMOS transistor M6, the gate of the second NMOS transistor M6 and the gate of the first NMOS transistor M5. The source of the second NMOS transistor M6 is connected to the drain of the fourth NMOS transistor M8, and the drain of the fourth NMOS transistor M8 is grounded.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the transfer function of the band-pass filtering unit 10 is expressed as:
the transfer function of the low-pass filtering unit 20 is expressed as:
the transfer function of the elliptical low pass filter unit 30 is expressed as:
from this, the transfer function of the ninth order filter is:
wherein, ω is0Is the center frequency of the ninth order filter, s represents the complex field, and β is the gain variable.
Transconductance value G of each transconductance amplifier in the band-pass filtering unit 10m＝ω0C0Wherein, ω is0Is the center frequency, C, of a ninth order filter0Is the capacity of the reference capacitor. Referring to fig. 4, the bandpass filter unit 10 includes a first transconductance amplifier Gm1, a second transconductance amplifier Gm2, a third transconductance amplifier Gm3, a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2.
The non-inverting input end of the first transconductance amplifier Gm1 is connected with an initial input signal ViThe inverting input end of the first transconductance amplifier Gm1 is connected with the inverting input end of the second transconductance amplifier Gm2, the output end of the first transconductance amplifier Gm1 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the second transconductance amplifier Gm2 and is grounded through a first capacitor C1, the inverting input end of the second transconductance amplifier Gm2 is connected with the output end of the second transconductance amplifier Gm2 and is grounded through a second capacitor C2, and the inverting input end of the third transconductance amplifier Gm3 is connected with a reference voltage signal VrefThe non-inverting input of the third transconductance amplifier Gm3 is connected to the initial input signal ViThe output terminal of the third transconductance amplifier Gm3 is connected to the output terminal of the second transconductance amplifier Gm2, and the output terminal of the second transconductance amplifier Gm2 serves as the output terminal of the band-pass filtering unit 10 to output the primary filtered signal V0. In the embodiment of the invention, the capacity of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 is C0Transconductance values G of the first transconductance amplifier Gm1, the second transconductance amplifier Gm2, and the third transconductance amplifier Gm3m1＝Gm2＝Gm3＝ω0C0。
Referring to fig. 5, the low pass filter unit 20 includes two low pass filters 201 connected in series, and the low pass filters 201 include a fourth transconductance amplifier Gm4, a fifth transconductance amplifier Gm5, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4.
The non-inverting input terminal of the fourth transconductance amplifier Gm4 is connected to the input signal, i.e. the non-inverting input terminal of the fourth transconductance amplifier Gm4 of the low-pass filter 201 in the previous stage is connected to the primary filtered signal V0The inverting input end of the fourth transconductance amplifier Gm4 is connected with the inverting input end of the fifth transconductance amplifier Gm5, the output end of the fourth transconductance amplifier Gm4 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the fifth transconductance amplifier Gm5 and is grounded through a third capacitor C3, the output end of the fifth transconductance amplifier Gm5 is connected with the inverting input end of the fifth transconductance amplifier Gm 3538 and is grounded through a fourth capacitor C4, and the output end of the fifth transconductance amplifier Gm5 is used as a low endThe output of the pass filter 201, i.e. the output of the fifth transconductance amplifier Gm5 of the secondary low-pass filter 201, outputs a second-filtered signal V1。
In the embodiment of the invention, the transconductance value of the fourth transconductance amplifier Gm4
Transconductance value G of fifth transconductance amplifier Gm5m5＝βω0C0Wherein, C0Is the capacity of the reference capacitor. Beta appears in the transfer function of the LPF to represent a gain variable, and the gain of the filter can be adjusted by adjusting the parameter beta, particularly the magnitude of the bias current ISS of the transconductance amplifier can be adjusted, so that the center frequency of the ninth-order filter can be adjusted. In the embodiment of the present invention, the capacities of the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 in the low-pass filter 201 are 0.6667C0
Transconductance value G of each transconductance amplifier in the elliptic low-pass filtering unit 30m＝ω0C0. Referring to fig. 6, the elliptic low-pass filtering unit 30 includes a first elliptic filter 301 and a second elliptic filter 302 connected in series.
The first elliptic filter 301 comprises a sixth transconductance amplifier Gm6, a seventh transconductance amplifier Gm7, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6 and a seventh capacitor C7. The non-inverting input terminal of the sixth transconductance amplifier Gm6 is connected to the output signal (the second-order filtered signal V) of the low-pass filter unit 201) The inverting input of the sixth transconductance amplifier Gm6 is connected to the inverting input of the seventh transconductance amplifier Gm7, the output of the fifth transconductance amplifier Gm5 is connected to the non-inverting input of the seventh transconductance amplifier Gm7 and to the ground through the fifth capacitor C5, the output of the seventh transconductance amplifier Gm7 is connected to the inverting input thereof and to the ground through the sixth capacitor C6, the non-inverting input of the sixth transconductance amplifier Gm6 is connected to the output of the seventh transconductance amplifier Gm7 through the seventh capacitor C7, and the output of the seventh transconductance amplifier Gm7 is connected to the input of the second elliptic filter 302. In the embodiment of the invention, the capacities of the fifth capacitor C5 and the sixth capacitor C6 are 0.3016C respectively0、1.467C0。
Second elliptic filter 302 includes an eighth transconductance amplifier Gm8, a ninth transconductance amplifier Gn9, and an eighth capacitor C8. The positive input of the eighth transconductance amplifier Gm8 is connected to the output signal of the first elliptic filter 301, and the inverting input of the eighth transconductance amplifier Gm8 is connected to the reference voltage signal VrefThe output end of the eighth transconductance amplifier Gm8 is connected with the inverting input end and the output end of the ninth transconductance amplifier Gn9, and the positive input end of the ninth transconductance amplifier Gn9 is connected with the reference voltage signal VrefThe ninth transconductance amplifier Gn9 is grounded via an eighth capacitor C8, and outputs a third filtered signal V as an output terminal of the elliptic low-pass filtering unit 302. In this embodiment, the capacity of the eighth capacitor C8 is 1.27C0。
In the filter GmIn the-C circuit, signals sequentially pass through the BPF, the LPF and the ELF. In the filter transfer function ωB、ωLAnd ωERepresenting the natural frequencies, Q, of BPF, LPF and ELF, respectivelyBAnd QLThe ELF is designed according to a third-order low-pass elliptic filter with the passband ripple of 1dB and the stop band attenuation of 40 dB.
The filter transfer function related parameters are set according to the latest physiological experiment data. Under the condition of strong sound stimulation, Q is known from the frequency response curve of the biological cochleaBThe value is set to 1, and the frequency response curve is suitable for stimulating weak sound according to the center frequency position, omega, of the frequency response curve of the biological cochleaLAnd ωEIs set to 1.5 omegaB，ωBBy omega0To indicate that its magnitude can vary from 20Hz to 20KHz, determining the center frequency position, Q, of the entire filter channelLDenoted by 1/β, whose value can be adjusted for different sound intensities of the sound stimulus to determine the magnitude of the filter quality factor for various sound intensities.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, in the ninth-order filter of the embodiment of the invention, the frequency is adjustable from 20Hz to 12KHz, and the center frequency ω is0Adjustable gain, ranging from 1.431dB to 31.81dB at 20Hz, quality factor Q ranging from 4.635 to 11.54, 6.495dB to 34.05dB at 12KHz, 0.48 to 14.96, andthe cut-off frequency is above 300dB/dec, even up to 392.39dB/dec, and is very consistent with the response curve of the biological cochlea.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A high biological simulation voice processing filter is characterized in that the filter is a nine-order filter which is constructed by sequentially cascading a band-pass filtering unit, a low-pass filtering unit and an elliptical low-pass filtering unit, the center frequency of the nine-order filter is adjusted by the low-pass filtering unit, and the band-pass filtering unit is used for processing a slow passive section; the low-pass filtering unit is used for processing active selective stages; the elliptical low-pass filtering unit is used for processing a cut-off stage of sudden steep change; wherein the slow passive section, the active selective section and the abrupt cut-off section are obtained by subdividing an acoustic response curve around a specific center frequency in combination with the frequency response characteristics of the cochlea.
2. The high biological fidelity speech processing filter of claim 1 wherein the ninth order filter employs Gm-form C, wherein GmThe transconductance value of the transconductance amplifier is denoted by C, and the capacitance is denoted by C.
3. The highly biomimetic speech processing filter according to claim 1, wherein the transfer function of the band pass filter unit is expressed as:
4. The sorghum according to any one of claims 1 to 3The physical simulation speech processing filter is characterized in that the transconductance value G of each transconductance amplifier in the band-pass filtering unitm＝ω0C0Wherein, ω is0Is said center frequency, C0Is the capacity of the reference capacitor.
5. The high biological fidelity speech processing filter of claim 4 wherein the band pass filtering unit comprises a first transconductance amplifier, a second transconductance amplifier, a third transconductance amplifier, a first capacitor and a second capacitor, wherein:
the positive phase input end of the first transconductance amplifier is connected with an initial input signal, the negative phase input end of the first transconductance amplifier is connected with the negative phase input end of the second transconductance amplifier, the output end of the first transconductance amplifier is connected with the positive phase input end of the second transconductance amplifier and is grounded through the first capacitor, the negative phase input end of the second transconductance amplifier is connected with the output end of the second transconductance amplifier and is grounded through the second capacitor, the negative phase input end of the third transconductance amplifier is connected with the reference voltage signal, the positive phase input end of the third transconductance amplifier is connected with the initial input signal, the output end of the third transconductance amplifier is connected with the output end of the second transconductance amplifier, and the output end of the second transconductance amplifier is used as the output end of the band-pass filtering unit.
6. The high biological fidelity speech processing filter of claim 1 wherein the transfer function of the low pass filtering unit is represented as:
7. The high biological fidelity speech processing filter of claim 1, 2 or 6 wherein the low pass filtering unit comprises two low pass filters connected in series.
8. The high biological fidelity speech processing filter of claim 7 wherein the low pass filter comprises a fourth transconductance amplifier, a fifth transconductance amplifier, a third capacitor, and a fourth capacitor, wherein:
the positive phase input end of the fourth transconductance amplifier is connected with an input signal, the inverting input end of the fourth transconductance amplifier is connected with the inverting input end of the fifth transconductance amplifier, the output end of the fourth transconductance amplifier is connected with the positive phase input end of the fifth transconductance amplifier and is grounded through the third capacitor, the output end of the fifth transconductance amplifier is connected with the inverting input end of the fifth transconductance amplifier in parallel and is grounded through the fourth capacitor, and the output end of the fifth transconductance amplifier is used as the output end of the low-pass filter.
9. The high biological fidelity speech processing filter of claim 8 wherein the transconductance value of the fourth transconductance amplifier
Transconductance value G of the fifth transconductance amplifierm5＝βω0C0Wherein, ω is0Is said center frequency, C0Beta is the gain variable, which is the capacity of the reference capacitor.
10. The high biological fidelity speech processing filter of claim 1 wherein the transfer function of the elliptical low pass filtering unit is represented as:
11. The highly bioanalytical speech processing filter of claim 10 wherein the elliptical low pass filtering unit comprises a first elliptical filter and a second elliptical filter connected in series.
12. The high biological fidelity speech processing filter of claim 11 wherein the first elliptical filter comprises a sixth transconductance amplifier, a seventh transconductance amplifier, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, and a seventh capacitor, wherein:
the positive-phase input end of the sixth transconductance amplifier is connected with the output signal of the low-pass filtering unit, the reverse-phase input end of the sixth transconductance amplifier is connected with the reverse-phase input end of the seventh transconductance amplifier, the output end of a fifth transconductance amplifier in the low-pass filtering unit is connected with the positive-phase input end of the seventh transconductance amplifier and is grounded through the fifth capacitor, the output end of the seventh transconductance amplifier is connected with the reverse-phase input end of the seventh transconductance amplifier and is grounded through the sixth capacitor, the positive-phase input end of the sixth transconductance amplifier is connected with the output end of the seventh transconductance amplifier through the seventh capacitor, and the output end of the seventh transconductance amplifier is connected with the second elliptic filter.
13. The high biological fidelity speech processing filter of claim 12 wherein the second elliptical filter comprises an eighth transconductance amplifier, a ninth transconductance amplifier, and an eighth capacitor, wherein:
the positive input end of the eighth transconductance amplifier is connected with the output signal of the first elliptical filter, the inverting input end of the eighth transconductance amplifier is connected with the reference voltage signal, the output end of the eighth transconductance amplifier is connected with the inverting input end and the output end of the ninth transconductance amplifier, the positive input end of the ninth transconductance amplifier is connected with the reference voltage signal, and the ninth transconductance amplifier is grounded through the eighth capacitor and serves as the output end of the elliptical low-pass filtering unit.
14. A speech recognition device comprising the highly biometric voice processing filter according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
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| SE511393C2 (en) * | 1997-02-10 | 1999-09-20 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Device and method for programmable analogue bandpass filtering |
| US6646604B2 (en) * | 1999-01-08 | 2003-11-11 | Trueposition, Inc. | Automatic synchronous tuning of narrowband receivers of a wireless location system for voice/traffic channel tracking |
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