CN107789700B

CN107789700B - Safety medical trocar with detachable back-drawing component

Info

Publication number: CN107789700B
Application number: CN201610790784.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹最; 马宇尘; 黄荧; 姚雪雅; 陈原丽
Original assignee: Shanghai Changzheng Hospital
Current assignee: Shanghai Changzheng Hospital
Priority date: 2016-08-31
Filing date: 2016-08-31
Publication date: 2023-07-18
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-31
Also published as: CN107789700A

Abstract

The invention discloses a safe medical trocar with a detachable back-drawing component, which comprises: catheter holder, indwelling catheter, needle holder and puncture needle. One end of the puncture needle is fixed on the needle seat, and the puncture needle and the needle seat are of a hollow structure which are communicated with each other; wherein the trocar comprises a puncture state and an indwelling state: in the puncture state, the puncture needle is placed in the indwelling catheter; in the indwelling state, the puncture needle is placed in the catheter seat; the trocar is changed from the puncture state to the retention state by back-drawing the needle seat; and the trocar further comprises a back drawing component for driving the needle seat to draw, so that the trocar is converted into an indwelling state from a puncture state. The medical trocar of the invention not only can effectively prevent accidental injury, but also obviously reduces the risk of subsequent recovery treatment of the medical trocar.

Description

Safety medical trocar with detachable back-drawing component

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a safe medical trocar with a detachable back-drawing component.

Background

Clinically, a medical trocar is a widely used medical instrument. Taking a common disposable intravenous infusion needle as an example, the disposable intravenous infusion needle mainly comprises a protective cap, a steel needle, a needle seat, a needle wing and a connecting pipe.

When in use, medical staff firstly takes off the protective cap covered on the steel needle, then uses the steel needle to puncture vein, returns blood, confirms that the puncture is successful and then carries out transfusion. In the whole process of transfusion, the steel needle is always remained in the blood vessel, however, as the needle point of the steel needle is very sharp, the patient stretches limbs during transfusion, and the probability of the blood vessel being punctured by the steel needle is very high, especially for children and mental patients.

In addition, after the transfusion needle is finished, the medical staff extracts the steel needle from the vein of the human body, and the steel needle stained with the blood of the patient is exposed outside, so that accidental injury and infection of the medical staff and the patient are easily caused.

In addition, steel needles also present a risk of causing the operator to become infected when the medical waste is disposed of.

Thus, there is a strong need in the art to develop a medical trocar that is convenient to use and that can significantly reduce the risk of infection.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a medical trocar which is convenient to use and can significantly reduce the infection risk.

In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a safety medical trocar with a retraction member releasable, the trocar comprising:

a catheter base;

the indwelling catheter is arranged at the front end of the catheter seat;

The needle seat is positioned in the catheter seat; and

the puncture needle is characterized by comprising a puncture needle, wherein one end of the puncture needle is fixed on the needle seat, and the puncture needle and the needle seat are of a hollow structure which are communicated with each other;

wherein the trocar comprises a piercing state and an indwelling state; in the puncture state, the puncture needle is placed in the indwelling catheter; in the indwelling state, the puncture needle is placed in the catheter seat, wherein the needle tip of the puncture needle is completely retracted into the catheter seat and is not in contact with the indwelling catheter;

the trocar is converted from the puncture state to the indwelling state by retracting the needle seat; and

the trocar further includes a retraction member for drawing the hub so as to transition the trocar from the puncturing state to the indwelling state.

In another preferred embodiment, the trocar includes an intravenous infusion needle, an arterial puncture needle, and a nerve block needle.

In another preferred embodiment, the withdrawal means is a needle wing.

In another preferred embodiment, the withdrawal means comprises a handle holding portion, a detaching portion, and optionally a handle connecting portion located between the handle holding portion and the detaching portion, wherein the front end of the detaching portion is connected to the needle holder and can drive the needle holder to withdraw.

In another preferred embodiment, the handle grip is of a flat configuration.

In another preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the needle handle holding part is provided with a bump, so that the holding operation is facilitated.

In another preferred embodiment, the handle grip also facilitates the puncturing operation.

In another preferred embodiment, the detachable portion is detached from the hub after the trocar is transitioned from the puncturing state to the retaining state, thereby separating the withdrawal member from the remainder of the trocar.

In another preferred embodiment, the front end of the detaching portion is engaged with the rear end of the hub so that the withdrawal member withdraws the hub through the detaching portion and can be removed from the hub.

In another preferred embodiment, the hub includes a head end portion, a middle portion, and a tail end portion connected in sequence;

The outer surface of the tail end part is provided with a first part and a second part, the tail end part is tightly attached with the detaching part, and the front end of the detaching part is provided with a third part; the third part is matched with the first part, and the third part is matched with the first part so that the third part is tightly clamped and attached with the tail end part; the first edge of the third part and the second edge of the second part are tightly attached to each other, so that the needle seat can be withdrawn by the withdrawing component.

In another preferred embodiment, the head end portion is provided with a sealing rubber plug to ensure tightness between the needle seat and the catheter seat in the indwelling state.

In another preferred embodiment, an annular groove is formed on the outer surface of the head end portion, and an elastic ring is arranged in the annular groove for realizing tightness between the needle seat and the catheter seat.

In another preferred embodiment, the first portion is a first concave portion, the second portion is a first convex portion, and the third portion is a second convex portion.

In another preferred embodiment, the detachable part is further provided with a viewing window structure for observing blood return.

In another preferred embodiment, the detachable portion has a circular arc shape (e.g., 60-240 ° circular arc shape) and the inner surface has a concave arc shape matching the shape of the outer surface of the needle holder and/or the extension tube.

In another preferred embodiment, the observation window structure is a strip-shaped perspective hole provided in the detachable portion.

In another preferred embodiment, the needle seat is provided with a first through hole communicated with the inner channel of the puncture needle;

the needle seat is also provided with a second through hole which is used for directly guiding liquid into the catheter seat without passing through the puncture needle;

in the retaining state, the first through hole and the second through hole form a conducting structure for liquid to flow.

In another preferred embodiment, the number of the second through holes is n, where n is a positive integer from 1 to 20.

In another preferred embodiment, n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10.

In another preferred embodiment, the structures of the second through holes may be the same or different.

In another preferred embodiment, the opening of the second through hole in the catheter hub is a front end opening (i.e. towards the indwelling catheter).

In another preferred embodiment, the opening of the second through hole in the catheter hub is a side opening (i.e. forms an angle (e.g. 60 ° -120 °) with the central axis of the catheter hub).

In another preferred embodiment, the inner channel of the puncture needle and the first through hole form a first channel for the flow of liquid.

In another preferred embodiment, the trocar further comprises an extension tube;

and one end of the extension tube is communicated with the needle seat, and the other end of the extension tube is used for carrying out transfusion to the needle seat.

In another preferred embodiment, the inner surface and/or the outer surface of the catheter hub is provided with a withdrawal guiding structure for guiding the withdrawal means and/or the needle hub for guiding withdrawal.

In another preferred embodiment, the pumpback is a no rotation pumpback, a rotation pumpback, or a combination thereof.

In another preferred embodiment, the needle handle holding part of the back-drawing component is further provided with a protrusion for guiding back-drawing, the outer surface of the catheter seat is provided with a groove matched with the protrusion, and the back-drawing component is used for back-drawing through the mutual matching of the protrusion and the groove.

In another preferred embodiment, the needle handle holding part of the back-drawing component is further provided with a concave structure for guiding back-drawing, the outer surface of the catheter seat is provided with convex strips matched with the concave structure, and the back-drawing component is used for back-drawing through the mutual matching of the concave structure and the convex strips.

In another preferred embodiment, the detachable part of the back-drawing component is further provided with a protrusion for guiding back-drawing, the inner surface of the catheter seat is provided with a groove matched with the protrusion, and the back-drawing component is used for back-drawing through the mutual matching of the protrusion and the groove.

In another preferred embodiment, the detachable part of the back-drawing component is provided with a concave structure for guiding back-drawing, the inner surface of the catheter seat is provided with a convex strip matched with the concave structure, and the back-drawing component is used for back-drawing through the mutual matching of the concave structure and the convex strip.

In another preferred embodiment, the needle seat is further provided with a protrusion for guiding withdrawal, the inner surface of the catheter seat is provided with a groove matched with the protrusion, and the withdrawal part withdraws by the mutual matching of the protrusion and the groove.

In another preferred embodiment, the needle seat is provided with a concave structure for guiding back suction, the inner surface of the catheter seat is provided with a convex strip matched with the concave structure, and the back suction component performs back suction through the mutual matching of the concave structure and the convex strip.

In another preferred embodiment, a first limit structure is arranged on the outer surface of the needle seat; and

the tail part of the catheter seat is provided with a second limiting structure matched with the first limiting structure, so that the needle seat is clamped when the needle seat is drawn back to a preset position.

In another preferred embodiment, the predetermined position includes a position where the needle hub is withdrawn to the rear of the catheter hub such that the puncture needle is fully withdrawn to the interior of the catheter hub.

In another preferred embodiment, the first limiting structure is a protrusion, and the second limiting structure is a recess.

In another preferred embodiment, the first limiting structure is an annular protrusion.

In another preferred embodiment, the second limiting structure is an annular groove.

In another preferred embodiment, the first limiting structure is concave, and the second limiting structure is convex.

In another preferred embodiment, the first limiting structure and/or the second limiting structure are/is an elastic structural member.

In another preferred embodiment, the first limiting structure comprises a spring and a spring hole arranged on the needle seat and used for accommodating the spring;

and when the needle seat moves to a preset position, the spring stretches and enters the second limiting structure, so that limiting is realized.

In another preferred embodiment, the trocar is further provided with a tab, said tab being provided near the head end of the catheter hub and said tab tightly gripping the catheter hub; and/or

The trocar is also provided with a protective cap, and the protective cap is sleeved outside the indwelling catheter.

In another preferred embodiment, the tab and the catheter hub are of unitary construction.

In another preferred embodiment, the outer diameter of the puncture needle is 15G-30G, preferably 18G, 20G, 22G, 24G, 26G, 28G.

In another preferred embodiment, the length of the indwelling catheter is 1.0-15.0cm, preferably 1.5-5.0cm, more preferably 1.5cm-3cm.

In another preferred embodiment, the catheter hub is transparent or non-transparent or partially transparent.

The second aspect of the invention provides a safe intravenous infusion needle, which comprises an indwelling catheter, a catheter seat, a puncture needle and a needle seat;

one end of the indwelling catheter is connected with the catheter seat, one end of the puncture needle is connected with the needle seat, the puncture needle and the needle seat are of a hollow structure which are communicated with each other, the indwelling catheter comprises a puncture state and an indwelling state, and the indwelling state is obtained through the puncture state transition;

in the puncture state, the puncture needle is placed in the indwelling catheter to play a supporting role, and the puncture needle tip is used for guiding the indwelling catheter on the outer side to mutually cooperate with the indwelling catheter to invade into the punctured physiological tissue;

in the indwelling state, the puncture needle is placed in the catheter seat;

the retaining state is formed by drawing back the needle seat after the puncture state is experienced; and

The infusion needle also comprises a back drawing component which is used for driving the needle seat to draw, so that the infusion needle is converted into the indwelling state from the puncture state.

In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a trocar penetration method comprising the steps of:

(a) Providing a trocar of the first aspect, the trocar being in a piercing state;

(c) Puncturing a puncture part of an object to be punctured by using the trocar in the puncture kit in the last step; and

(d) After successful puncture confirmation, performing back-pumping operation on the needle seat of the trocar, so as to change the trocar from a puncture state to an indwelling state;

and the method further comprises step (b): connecting the trocar with a medical device;

wherein step (b) is located between steps (a) and (c), and/or after step (d).

In another preferred embodiment, the medical device is selected from the group consisting of: infusion containers, pressure sensors, or combinations thereof.

In another preferred embodiment, the puncture site comprises tissue or a blood vessel.

In another preferred embodiment, the successful penetration confirmation includes the occurrence of flashback at the penetration site.

In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a method of trocar infusion comprising the steps of:

(a1) Providing a trocar according to the first aspect of the present invention, the trocar being in a penetrating state;

(b1) Optionally connecting the trocar to a medical fluid through an extension tube, thereby forming an infusion set;

(c1) The sleeve in the puncture kit of the previous step is utilized to puncture the puncture part of the transfusion object;

(d1) After successful puncture confirmation, performing back-pumping operation on the needle seat of the trocar, so as to change the trocar from a puncture state to an indwelling state;

(b2) Optionally connecting the trocar to a medical fluid through an extension tube, thereby forming an infusion set;

(e1) Carrying out transfusion;

wherein the method comprises at least one of steps (b 1) and (b 2).

In another preferred embodiment, the method comprises (b 1); or (b 2); or steps (b 1) and (b 2).

In another preferred embodiment, the medical fluid comprises any fluid that can be medical and/or pharmaceutical.

It is understood that within the scope of the present invention, the above-described technical features of the present invention and technical features specifically described below (e.g., in the examples) may be combined with each other to constitute new or preferred technical solutions. Is limited to a space and will not be described in detail herein.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a medical trocar according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein fig. 1 (a) is a puncture state, fig. 1 (b) is a state of transition from the puncture state to the indwelling state after withdrawal of the needle holder, and fig. 1 (c) is an indwelling state (or a state when infusion is performed) when the withdrawal member is detached.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a medical trocar in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the needle holder in one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front and back sides of the drawer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the needle holder in one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a medical trocar in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a medical trocar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a safety intravenous infusion needle according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view illustrating the use of a safety intravenous infusion needle in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a safety intravenous infusion needle according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The inventor has developed a kind of back-drawing part can drop, puncture needle is not shirked and have medical trocar of the self-cleaning function for the first time through extensive and intensive study, the said medical trocar has puncture state and keep somewhere two states, wherein in puncture state, puncture needle is put in keep somewhere the conduit, in order to puncture; and in the indwelling state, the needle tip of the puncture needle is completely retracted into the catheter seat. Thus, when in transfusion, the puncture needle is completely left in the catheter seat, and the risk that the patient is punctured by the steel needle is eliminated; after transfusion is finished, the risk of accidental injury and infection of medical staff is also eliminated. Meanwhile, as the medical trocar has a self-cleaning function, the risk of subsequent recovery treatment of the medical trocar is obviously reduced. The present invention has been completed on the basis of this finding.

Terminology

As used herein, the term "the needle is disposed within the catheter hub" means that the entirety of the needle is disposed within the catheter hub. In this state, the tip of the puncture needle is completely withdrawn into the catheter seat, and neither the needle body nor the tip of the puncture needle come into contact with the indwelling catheter.

Trocar needle

The invention provides a medical trocar, which is characterized in that a puncture needle is non-detachable and can be completely retracted into a catheter seat. In addition, the medical trocar of the invention also has the function of self-cleaning the puncture needle.

Typically, the trocar of the present invention comprises:

a catheter base;

the indwelling catheter is arranged at the front end of the catheter seat;

the needle seat is positioned in the catheter seat; and

It will be appreciated that unlike the prior art, in the present invention, the catheter hub is isolated from the outside in the indwelling condition except for the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet. In the indwelling condition, a portion of the fluid flows into the catheter hub through the second channel and a portion of the fluid flows into the catheter hub through the first channel (e.g., near the confluence region) and forms a confluence at the confluence region, and then flows into tissue (e.g., a human vein) through the indwelling catheter.

In the present invention, the trocar may include various types of medical trocars, particularly those used in situations where it is desired to administer a liquid (e.g., a drug), collect a liquid sample (e.g., a blood sample), and the like. Representative examples include (but are not limited to): intravenous infusion needles, arterial puncture needles, and nerve block needles.

In order to facilitate withdrawal of the needle mount, withdrawal means may preferably be provided for bringing said needle mount into withdrawal so as to cause said trocar to transition from said piercing state to said indwelling state.

Typically, the withdrawal means comprises a handle holding portion, a release portion, and optionally a handle connecting portion located between the handle holding portion and the release portion, wherein the front end of the release portion is connected to the hub and is capable of driving the hub to withdraw.

It will be appreciated that the structure and shape of the withdrawal means and its constituent parts (needle handle holding portion, detachment portion, connection portion) are not particularly limited, and mainly they enable withdrawal of the needle hub, thereby enabling the trocar to be converted from the piercing state to the indwelling state.

In the present invention, the shape of the handle holding portion is not particularly limited, and various conventional shapes such as flat shape can be adopted. The hand-held part can also be a bulge part vertical to the catheter seat so as to be suitable for different operation methods in clinic. One preferred needle handle grip is a flat configuration. In addition, the outer surface of the needle handle holding part can be provided with convex points, so that the holding operation is convenient.

In the invention, the inner surface and/or the outer surface of the catheter seat is provided with a retraction guide structure which can guide the retraction component and/or the needle seat to retract, preferably the retraction is a non-rotation retraction. The withdrawal guide structure may be disposed within the catheter hub, on the needle handle grip, on the detachment portion, and/or on the hub.

Preferably, the needle handle holding part of the back drawing component is further provided with a protrusion for guiding back drawing, the outer surface of the catheter seat is provided with a groove matched with the protrusion, and the back drawing component performs back drawing through the mutual matching of the protrusion and the groove.

In the invention, one main function of the needle holder is to fix the puncture needle, so that when the needle holder is withdrawn, the puncture needle is driven to retract completely into the catheter holder. Another main function of the hub is to provide two or more channels for the passage of liquid, including at least a first channel (formed by a first through hole in the hub and an inner channel of the needle) and a second channel (formed by said second through hole). Another main function of the needle mount is to seal the infusion solution within the catheter mount.

Because the trocar (including the infusion needle) of the present invention is provided with two or more channels, the infusion rate of the present invention is greater than when infusion is performed through only the intra-needle channel in conventional infusion.

In the present invention, a preferred hub comprises a head end portion, a middle portion and a tail end portion connected in sequence; the outer surface of the tail end part is provided with a first part and a second part, the tail end part is tightly attached with the detaching part, and the front end of the detaching part is provided with a third part; the third part is matched with the first part, and the third part is matched with the first part so that the third part is tightly clamped and attached with the tail end part; the first edge of the third part and the second edge of the second part are tightly attached to each other, so that the needle seat can be withdrawn by the withdrawing component.

Preferably, an annular groove is formed in the outer surface of the head end portion, and an elastic ring is arranged in the annular groove and used for achieving tightness between the needle seat and the catheter seat. Or the head end part is provided with a sealing rubber plug so as to ensure the tightness between the needle seat and the catheter seat in the indwelling state.

In addition, in order to prevent the needle seat from being pulled away from the catheter seat during back-pulling, a corresponding limiting structure can be preferably arranged. In another preferred embodiment, a first limit structure is arranged on the outer surface of the needle seat; the tail part of the catheter seat is provided with a second limiting structure matched with the first limiting structure, so that the needle seat is clamped when the needle seat is drawn back to a preset position. Thus, when the retraction member retracts the puncture needle, the first limiting structure is combined with the second limiting structure, and the first limiting structure can be buckled in the second limiting structure so as to fix the needle seat, so that the needle seat cannot be pulled out from the catheter seat.

In another preferred embodiment, the first limiting structure is a protrusion and the second limiting structure is a recess; for example, the first limiting structure is an annular protrusion; and the second limiting structure is an annular groove. Alternatively, the first limiting structure is concave, and the second limiting structure is convex.

In addition, the first limiting structure and/or the second limiting structure can also be elastic structural members. For example, the first limiting structure comprises a spring and a spring hole arranged on the needle seat and used for accommodating the spring; when the needle seat moves to a preset position, the spring stretches and enters the second limiting structure, so that limiting is realized.

In the present invention, the gauge of the puncture needle is not particularly limited, and the outer diameter (or gauge) of a representative puncture needle is 15G-30G, preferably 18G, 20G, 22G, 24G, 26G, 28G.

In another preferred embodiment, the length of the indwelling catheter is not particularly limited, and generally depends on the application of the trocar. Typically, the length of the indwelling catheter is 1.0-15.0cm, preferably 1.5-5.0cm, more preferably 1.5cm-3cm.

In the present invention, the size of the catheter hub is not particularly limited, but should be sufficient to accommodate a puncture needle, i.e., the length of the catheter hub should be greater than the length of the puncture needle. Typically, the ratio L1/L2 of the lumen length L1 of the catheter hub to the length L2 of the needle is 1.02-2, preferably 1.05-1.5, more preferably 1.1-1.4. Typically, when the catheter hub length or its lumen length is 1-15cm, preferably 1.5-10cm, more preferably 2-5cm. In the present invention, the inner diameter of the catheter hub is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the puncture needle. Typically, the catheter hub has an inner diameter of 0.2-2cm, preferably 0.3-1.5cm, more preferably 0.4-1.0cm. The wall thickness of the catheter hub is not particularly limited, and is usually 0.02 to 8mm, preferably 0.1 to 5mm.

In the present invention, the material of the catheter holder is not particularly limited, and is usually plastic, especially hard plastic. In addition, the catheter holder is preferably transparent or non-transparent or partially transparent for the purpose of observing blood return, transfusion, etc.

In addition, in order to facilitate the observation of the blood return, an observation window structure for observing the blood return may be provided at the detachable portion.

It will be appreciated that with the trocar of the present invention, one or more infusion containers may be accessed at the rear end. For example, multiple infusion containers may be in communication with the trocar of the present invention via a "Y" connector and extension tube to allow simultaneous or sequential infusion.

In the invention, in the indwelling state, the needle tip of the puncture needle positioned in the catheter seat is opposite to the liquid inlet of the indwelling catheter, and an infusion confluence region is formed between the puncture needle tip and the liquid inlet of the indwelling catheter. In the confluence region, the liquid flowing out of the puncture needle (i.e., from the first channel) and the liquid flowing out of the second through hole (i.e., from the second channel) form confluence, and enter the indwelling catheter. Because the flow velocity of the liquid in the confluence region is increased, the cleaning (self-cleaning) effect on the needle point of the puncture needle is better, and the risk of the subsequent recovery treatment of the medical trocar is greatly reduced.

Intravenous infusion needle

The invention also provides a safe intravenous infusion needle, which comprises an indwelling catheter, a catheter seat, a puncture needle and a needle seat;

in the indwelling state, the puncture needle is placed in the catheter seat;

Puncture method

The invention also provides a trocar puncturing method, which comprises the following steps:

(a) Providing a trocar of the present invention, the trocar being in a penetrating state;

wherein step (b) is located between steps (a) and (c), and/or after step (d).

In the present invention, the medical devices that can be connected to the trocar of the present invention are not limited, and representative medical devices are selected from the group consisting of: infusion containers, pressure sensors, or combinations thereof.

Infusion method

The invention also provides a trocar infusion method, which comprises the following steps:

(a1) Providing a trocar of the present invention, the trocar being in a penetrating state;

(e1) Carrying out transfusion;

wherein the method comprises at least one of steps (b 1) and (b 2).

In the present invention, the puncture needle, the indwelling catheter, the needle holder and the catheter holder are integrated at the time of infusion.

Preferably, said step (d 1) comprises the sub-steps of:

(d11) After successful puncture, the hand-held back-drawing component drives the needle seat to slide backwards until the needle seat is clamped at the tail part of the catheter seat;

(d12) The back-drawing component is separated from the needle seat.

In the present invention, typical puncture sites include (but are not limited to): tissue or blood vessels.

It should be understood that the medical fluids which can be infused by the method of the present invention are not particularly limited and include any fluid which can be medical and/or pharmaceutical, such as saline, dextrose solution, and the like, with or without the addition of a drug.

The main advantages of the invention include:

(a) The trocar is provided with the withdrawal part, and the withdrawal part can be withdrawn after the puncture is successful, so that the puncture needle can completely retract into the catheter seat, the needle head can not puncture blood vessels during transfusion, the fear of a patient is lightened, the limbs can be properly stretched in the transfusion process, the stiff posture during the original transfusion is avoided, and the safety during the transfusion is improved;

(b) The needle seat is provided with a first through hole communicated with the inner channel of the puncture needle, the needle seat is also provided with a second through hole, and the first through hole and the second through hole form conduction structures in different infusion directions in an indwelling state, so that all liquid can be prevented from being conveyed to an indwelling catheter in a single direction, and meanwhile, the liquid flow rate is increased;

(c) The inner surface and the outer surface of the catheter seat are provided with a back-drawing guide structure which can guide the back-drawing component and the needle seat to carry out back-drawing and prevent rotary displacement;

(d) The needle seat of the trocar is provided with a first limit structure, the tail part of the catheter seat is provided with a second limit structure matched with the first limit structure, when the retraction part pulls the puncture needle back, the first limit structure is combined with the second limit structure, and the first limit structure can be buckled in the second limit structure so as to fix the needle seat, so that the needle seat can not be pulled out from the catheter seat, the puncture needle is still arranged in the catheter seat, the puncture needle stained with blood of a patient is prevented from being exposed outside, accidental injuries and infections of medical staff and patients are avoided, and a good and safe working environment is provided for medical workers;

(e) The head end part of the needle seat is provided with a sealing rubber plug, so that the tightness between the needle seat and the catheter seat in the indwelling state can be ensured;

(f) When the trocar is in an indwelling state, the puncture needle is arranged in the catheter seat, and the puncture needle (comprising an inner cavity and an outer surface) is synchronously cleaned when the infusion is carried out to the catheter seat. Thus, after transfusion is finished, the puncture needle and the catheter seat are very clean, so that the risk of subsequent recovery treatment of the medical trocar is greatly reduced;

(g) The detachable part is also provided with an observation window structure, so that blood return condition can be observed conveniently.

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, are generally conducted under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Percentages and parts are weight percentages and parts unless otherwise indicated.

It should be noted that in the claims and the description of this patent, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Example 1

Medical trocar

As shown in fig. 1-2, the detachable trocar of the retraction member of the present embodiment comprises:

a catheter base 1;

an indwelling catheter 2, wherein the indwelling catheter 2 is arranged at the front end of the catheter seat 1;

a needle seat 3, the needle seat 3 is positioned inside the catheter seat 1; and

and a puncture needle 4, wherein one end of the puncture needle 4 is fixed on the needle seat 3, and the puncture needle 4 and the needle seat 3 are of a hollow structure which are communicated with each other.

Wherein the trocar comprises a piercing state and an indwelling state; in the puncture state, the puncture needle 4 is placed in the indwelling catheter 2 (as shown in fig. 1 (a); the trocar is changed from the puncture state to the indwelling state by withdrawing the needle holder 3. In the indwelling state, the puncture needle 4 is placed in the catheter seat 1, wherein the tip of the puncture needle 4 is completely retracted into the catheter seat 1 and is not in contact with the indwelling catheter 2 (as shown in fig. 1 (b)).

In this embodiment, the trocar further comprises a retracting member 5, and the retracting member 5 is used to drive the needle holder 3 to retract, so that the trocar is changed from the puncture state to the indwelling state.

In this embodiment, the withdrawal part 5 includes a handle holding portion 6, a detaching portion 7, and a handle connecting portion 8 located between the handle holding portion 6 and the detaching portion 7, where the front end of the detaching portion 7 is connected to the needle holder 3 and drives the needle holder 3 to withdraw.

In this embodiment, the back-drawing component 5 is a needle wing, the needle handle holding part 6 is in a flat structure, and the needle handle holding part 6 is also convenient for performing the puncturing operation.

In this embodiment, the front end of the detaching portion 7 is engaged with the tail end of the hub 3, so that the withdrawing member 5 drives the hub 3 to withdraw through the detaching portion 7 and the withdrawing member 5 can be detached from the hub 3 (as shown in fig. 1 (c)).

When in transfusion, as shown in fig. 2, the trocar further comprises an extension tube 16, one end of the extension tube 16 is communicated with the needle seat 3, the other end is used for transfusion to the needle seat 3, and the extension tube 16 is externally connected with a Y-shaped joint 17 for transfusion.

In this embodiment, the trocar is further provided with a tab 9, said tab 9 being provided near the head end of the catheter hub 1 and said tab 9 tightly seizing the catheter hub 1.

Example 2

Medical trocar

This embodiment provides a trocar with a detachable withdrawal member, and the trocar in this embodiment is improved on the basis of the trocar in embodiment 1, and the main improvement is that:

as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, in this embodiment, the hub 3 includes a head end portion 10, a middle portion 11 and a tail end portion 12 connected in sequence;

the outer surface of the tail end part 12 is provided with a first part 13 and a second part 24, the tail end part 12 is closely attached with the detaching part 7, and the front end of the detaching part 7 is provided with a third part 25; the third portion 25 is matched with the first portion 13, and the third portion 25 is matched with the first portion 13 so that the third portion 25 is tightly clamped and jointed with the tail end portion 12; the first edge 26 of the third portion 25 and the second edge 27 of the second portion 24 are tightly attached to each other, so that the needle holder 3 can be withdrawn by the withdrawal means, for example, the first portion 13 is a first concave portion, the second portion 24 is a first convex portion, and the third portion 25 is a second convex portion in this embodiment;

the head end part 10 is provided with a sealing rubber plug 20 to ensure the tightness between the needle seat 3 and the catheter seat 1 in the indwelling state;

The outer surface of the needle handle holding part 6 is provided with convex points, so that the holding operation is convenient;

the detachable part 7 is also provided with an observation window structure 23 for observing blood return, and the observation window structure 23 is a strip-shaped perspective hole arranged on the detachable part 7.

Example 3

Needle seat and medical trocar

This embodiment describes a preferred hub and medical trocar employing the hub.

Similar to example 1, this example employs a medical trocar having a hub as shown in fig. 5, comprising:

a catheter base;

the indwelling catheter is arranged at the front end of the catheter seat;

a needle seat 3, which is positioned inside the catheter seat; and

and one end of the puncture needle is fixed on the needle seat, and the puncture needle and the needle seat are of a hollow structure which are communicated with each other.

Wherein the trocar comprises a piercing state and an indwelling state; in the puncture state, the puncture needle is placed in the indwelling catheter; the trocar is converted from the puncture state to the indwelling state by back-drawing the needle seat. In the indwelling state, the puncture needle is placed in the catheter seat, wherein the tip of the puncture needle is completely retracted into the catheter seat and is not in contact with the indwelling catheter.

As shown in fig. 5, the needle holder 3 is provided with a first through hole 21 communicating with the inner passage of the puncture needle. The inner channel of the puncture needle and the first through hole 21 form a first channel for the flow of liquid.

The needle holder 3 is further provided with a second through hole 22, and the second through hole 22 is used for directly guiding the liquid into the catheter holder without a puncture needle.

In the left-behind state, the first through hole 21 and the second through hole 22 constitute a conducting structure for the flow of liquid.

In this embodiment, the number of the second through holes 22 is 1 (2 or 3 or more may be used). Further, although the structures of the second through holes 22 are the same, the structures of the second through holes 22 may be different.

The opening of the second through hole 22 in the catheter seat is directed toward the indwelling catheter.

Example 4

Medical trocar

As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment provides a medical trocar with a detachable withdrawal member, the trocar comprising:

a catheter base 1;

The trocar includes a piercing state and an indwelling state; in the puncture state, the puncture needle 4 is placed in the indwelling catheter 2; the trocar is converted from the puncture state to the indwelling state by the back-drawing of the needle holder 3. In the indwelling state, the puncture needle 4 is placed in the catheter seat 1, wherein the tip of the puncture needle 4 is completely retracted into the catheter seat 1 and is not in contact with the indwelling catheter 2.

In this embodiment, the trocar further comprises a retracting member 5, and the retracting member 5 is used to drive the needle holder 3 to retract, so that the trocar is converted from the puncture state to the indwelling state.

The back drawing component 5 comprises a needle handle holding part 6, a detaching part 7 and a needle handle connecting part 8 positioned between the needle handle holding part 6 and the detaching part 7, wherein the front end of the detaching part 7 is connected with the needle seat 3 and can drive the needle seat 3 to draw.

In this embodiment, the inner surface and the outer surface of the catheter seat 1 are provided with a retraction guide structure for guiding the retraction member 5 and the needle seat 3 to perform retraction, and the retraction is a non-rotation retraction.

The needle handle hand-held part 6 of the back-drawing part 5 is also provided with a protrusion 18 for guiding back-drawing, the outer surface of the catheter seat 1 is provided with a groove 19 matched with the protrusion 18, and the back-drawing part 5 carries out back-drawing through the mutual matching of the protrusion 18 and the groove 19.

The detachable part 7 of the back-drawing part 5 is provided with a concave structure for guiding back-drawing, the inner surface of the catheter seat 1 is provided with convex strips matched with the concave structure, and the back-drawing part 5 carries out back-drawing through the mutual matching of the concave structure and the convex strips.

Example 5

Medical trocar

As shown in fig. 7, the medical trocar with the detachable back-drawing member of the present embodiment includes:

a catheter base 1;

Wherein the trocar comprises a piercing state and an indwelling state; in the puncture state, the puncture needle 4 is placed in the indwelling catheter 2; the trocar is changed from the puncture state to the indwelling state by withdrawing the needle holder 3. In the indwelling state, the puncture needle 4 is placed in the catheter seat 1, wherein the tip of the puncture needle 4 is completely retracted into the catheter seat 1 and is not in contact with the indwelling catheter 2.

The trocar further comprises a withdrawing member 5, wherein the withdrawing member 5 is used for driving the needle seat 3 to withdraw so as to enable the trocar to be converted from the puncture state to the retention state.

In this embodiment, the outer surface of the needle holder 3 is provided with a first limiting structure 14.

The tail of the catheter seat 1 is provided with a second limit structure 15 matched with the first limit structure 14, so that the needle seat 3 is clamped when the needle seat 3 is drawn back to a preset position.

In this embodiment, the predetermined position is a position where the needle holder 3 is withdrawn to the rear of the catheter holder 1 so that the puncture needle 4 is completely withdrawn to the inside of the catheter holder 1.

The first limiting structure 14 is protruding, and the second limiting structure 15 is recessed.

The outer diameter of the puncture needle 4 is 24G, the length of the indwelling catheter 2 is 5.0cm, and the catheter seat 1 is partially transparent.

Example 6

Intravenous infusion needle

The embodiment provides a safe intravenous infusion needle which comprises an indwelling catheter, a catheter seat, a puncture needle and a needle seat.

One end of the indwelling catheter is connected with the catheter seat, one end of the puncture needle is connected with the needle seat, the puncture needle and the needle seat are of hollow structures which are communicated with each other, the indwelling catheter comprises a puncture state and an indwelling state, and the indwelling state is obtained through the puncture state transition.

In the puncture state, the puncture needle is placed in the indwelling catheter to play a supporting role, and the puncture needle tip guides the external indwelling catheter to mutually cooperate with the indwelling catheter to invade the punctured physiological tissue.

In the indwelling state, the puncture needle is placed in the catheter seat.

And the indwelling state is formed by withdrawing the needle hub after undergoing a puncture state.

Example 7

Intravenous infusion method

The embodiment provides a trocar infusion method, which comprises the following steps:

(a1) Providing the trocar of embodiment 1, the trocar being in a piercing state;

(b1) Connecting the trocar with medical liquid through an extension tube, thereby forming an infusion set;

(c1) Puncturing a puncture site of a puncture and infusion object by using a cannula in the (b 1) puncture kit;

(d1) After successful puncture confirmation, the trocar is adjusted to be in an indwelling state;

(e1) And (5) carrying out transfusion.

During transfusion, the puncture needle, the indwelling catheter, the needle seat and the catheter seat are integrated.

In this embodiment, the step (d 1) includes the sub-steps of:

(d12) The back-drawing component is separated from the needle seat.

In this embodiment, the occurrence of blood return at the puncture site confirms that the puncture was successful.

In this embodiment, the medical liquid is a medicinal liquid.

Example 8

Intravenous infusion method

(a1) Providing the trocar of embodiment 1, with the trocar in a piercing state;

(c1) Puncturing the puncture site of the puncture and infusion object by using the cannula in (a 1);

(b2) Connecting the trocar in the indwelling state of (d 1) with a medical fluid through an extension tube;

(e1) And (5) carrying out transfusion.

In this embodiment, the step (d 1) includes the sub-steps of:

(d12) The back-drawing component is separated from the needle seat.

Example 9

Safety intravenous infusion needle

As shown in fig. 8, the present embodiment provides a safety intravenous infusion needle including an indwelling catheter 1c, a catheter hub 2c, a puncture needle 3c, and a hub 4c.

Wherein, one end of the indwelling catheter 1c is connected with the catheter seat 2c, one end of the puncture needle 3c is connected with the needle seat 4c, the puncture needle 3c and the needle seat 4c are hollow structures communicated with each other, the indwelling catheter 1c comprises a puncture state and an indwelling state, and the indwelling state is obtained through the puncture state transition.

In the puncture state, the puncture needle 3c is placed in the indwelling catheter 1c to support the puncture needle, and the tip of the puncture needle 3c guides the outer indwelling catheter 1c to be engaged with each other and invade the punctured tissue.

In the indwelling state, the puncture needle 3c is placed in the catheter seat 2 c.

And the indwelling state is formed by performing a retracting operation on the needle holder 4c after undergoing the puncture state.

In this embodiment, the infusion tube 5c is provided in an integrated manner corresponding to the needle holder 4c.

The catheter seat 2c is provided with a limit structure 9c.

A second clamping groove 10c is formed in one circle on the outer surface of the needle seat 4c, the second clamping groove 10c is matched with the end part of the limiting structure 9c, and the second clamping groove 10c is combined with the end part of the limiting structure 9c and used for clamping the end part of the limiting structure 9c in the second clamping groove 10c so as to fix the needle seat 4c.

The infusion needle is further provided with a needle wing 6c, the tail end of the needle wing 6c is provided with a buckle, the outer surface of the needle seat 4c is further provided with a first clamping groove 8c, the first clamping groove 8c is matched with the tail buckle of the needle wing 6c, and the first clamping groove 8c is used for clamping the tail buckle of the needle wing 6c in the first clamping groove 8 c.

The needle wings 6c are provided with first grooves 7c, the first grooves 7c are matched with the side ends of the catheter holder 2c, and the first grooves 7c are used for clamping the needle wings 6c on the side ends of the catheter holder 2 c.

In use, as shown in fig. 9c, when the wings 6c are pulled back, the puncture needle 3c is retracted into the catheter hub 2 c.

In this embodiment, when in use, the needle wing 6c is pinched by hand to perform venipuncture, after blood returns and puncture succeeds, the needle wing 6c is pulled back and the indwelling catheter 1c is pushed in at the same time, the puncture needle 3c is retracted into the catheter seat 2c, at this time, the limiting structure 9c will be clamped with the second clamping groove 10c on the needle seat 4c to realize the function of fixing the needle seat 4c, and meanwhile, the needle wing 6c will be naturally detached from the first clamping groove 8c, and then the liquid in the infusion tube 5c is infused into the indwelling catheter 1c through the infusion conducting structure formed by the needle seat 4c and the puncture needle 3 c.

In this embodiment, the second clamping groove 10c matching with the end of the limiting structure 9c is provided on the outer surface of the hub 4c, so that when the hub 4c is rotated for one circle, the end of the limiting structure 9c can be buckled in any one of the second clamping grooves 10c on the outer surface of the hub 4c, thereby ensuring that the hub 4c cannot be pulled out.

Example 10

Safety intravenous infusion needle

As shown in fig. 10, the safety intravenous infusion needle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 9, except that the following modifications are further made:

(a) A second groove (not shown in the figure) is further formed in the outer surface of the needle seat 4c, and an elastic ring 11c is arranged in the second groove and is used for guaranteeing tightness between the needle seat 4c and the catheter seat 2 c.

(b) The infusion needle is also provided with a protective cap (not shown in the figure) which is arranged on the orifice of the indwelling catheter 1 c.

(c) The needle stand 4c is connected with the puncture needle 3c at one end thereof, a through hole (not shown in the figure) is provided at the connection end of the puncture needle 3c, and the through hole and the puncture needle 3c form a conducting structure in different infusion directions in an indwelling state, so as to infuse the indwelling catheter 1c, thereby avoiding all liquid from being conveyed to the indwelling catheter 1c in a single direction and increasing the flow rate of the liquid.

(d) The first slot 8c has at least one bevel edge for quick release of the wings 6c.

In this embodiment, when the infusion device is used, the protective cap (not shown in the figure) is removed first, the puncture needle 3c is punctured into the blood vessel, after the puncture is successful, the needle wing 6c is pinched by hand to pull back, when the puncture is successful, the limit structure 9c on the catheter seat 2c is clamped in the second clamping groove 10c on the needle seat 4c, the needle wing 6c is also detached from the first clamping groove 8c, the puncture needle 3c at this time is retracted into the catheter seat 2c, so that the puncture needle can be ensured not to puncture the blood vessel in the infusion process, the intravenous infusion needle is pulled out after the infusion is finished, the puncture needle 3c still forms a conducting structure in different infusion directions in the catheter seat 2c, and then the infusion operation is performed to the indwelling catheter 1c through holes (not shown in the figure), so that all liquid is prevented from being conveyed to the indwelling catheter 1c in a single direction, and the liquid flow rate is increased.

In this embodiment, a second groove (not shown in the drawing) may be further provided on the outer surface of the needle seat 4c, and an elastic ring 11c is provided in the second groove, so as to ensure tightness between the needle seat 4c and the catheter seat 2 c.

All documents mentioned in this application are incorporated by reference as if each were individually incorporated by reference. Further, it will be appreciated that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the above teachings, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.

Claims

1. A safety medical trocar with a detachable retraction member, the trocar comprising:

a catheter base;

the indwelling catheter is arranged at the front end of the catheter seat;

the needle seat is positioned in the catheter seat; and

the trocar further comprises a retraction member for drawing the needle hub so as to transition the trocar from the puncturing state to the retaining state;

the back-drawing component comprises a needle handle holding part and a detaching part, wherein the front end of the detaching part is meshed with the tail end of the needle seat, so that the back-drawing component drives the needle seat to back through the detaching part and the back-drawing component can drop from the needle seat.

2. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the trocar comprises an intravenous infusion needle, an arterial puncture needle, and a nerve block needle.

3. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the withdrawal means is a wing.

4. The trocar of claim 1, wherein said withdrawal means further comprises a handle attachment portion between said handle gripping portion and said release portion.

5. The trocar of claim 4, wherein the handle grip is of a flattened configuration.

6. The trocar of claim 4, wherein the outer surface of the handle grip portion is provided with bumps to facilitate the pinching operation.

7. The trocar of claim 4, wherein the handle grip further facilitates a piercing operation.

8. The trocar of claim 4, wherein said detachment portion disengages from said hub after said trocar transitions from said piercing state to said indwelling state, thereby allowing said withdrawal means to be separated from other portions of said trocar.

9. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the catheter hub is provided with a limiting structure, a second clamping groove is formed in the outer surface of the needle hub, the second clamping groove is matched with the end of the limiting structure, and the second clamping groove is combined with the end of the limiting structure and used for clamping the end of the limiting structure in the second clamping groove so as to fix the needle hub.

10. The trocar of claim 4, wherein the hub comprises a head end portion, a middle portion, and a tail end portion connected in sequence;

the outer surface of the tail end part is provided with a first part and a second part, the tail end part is tightly attached with the detaching part, and the front end of the detaching part is provided with a third part; the third part is matched with the first part, and the third part is matched with the first part so that the third part is tightly clamped and attached with the tail end part; and

The first edge of the third part and the second edge of the second part are tightly attached to each other, so that the needle seat can be withdrawn by the withdrawing component.

11. The trocar of claim 10, wherein the head end portion is provided with a sealing rubber plug to ensure tightness between the hub and the catheter hub in the indwelling condition.

12. The trocar of claim 10, wherein an annular groove is provided on an outer surface of the head end portion, and an elastic ring is provided in the annular groove for sealing between the hub and the catheter hub.

13. The trocar of claim 10, wherein the first portion is a first depression, the second portion is a first protrusion, and the third portion is a second protrusion.

14. The trocar of claim 4, wherein the detachable portion is further provided with a viewing window structure for viewing flashback.

15. The trocar of claim 4, further comprising an extension tube;

16. The trocar of claim 15, wherein the detachable portion has a circular arc configuration with an inner surface having a concave arcuate surface that matches the shape of the outer surface of the hub and/or extension tube.

17. The trocar of claim 14, wherein the viewing window structure is an elongated see-through aperture disposed in the detachable portion.

18. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the hub is provided with a first through hole in communication with the inner passage of the piercing needle;

in the left-behind state, the first through hole and the second through hole form a conducting structure for flowing liquid.

19. The trocar of claim 18, wherein the number of second through holes is n, wherein n is a positive integer from 1 to 20.

20. The trocar of claim 19, wherein n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10.

21. The trocar of claim 18, wherein the structures of the second through holes may be the same or different.

22. The trocar of claim 18, wherein the opening of the second through hole in the catheter hub is a front end opening.

23. The trocar of claim 18, wherein the opening of the second through hole in the catheter hub is a side opening.

24. The trocar of claim 18, wherein the inner passage of the penetrating needle and the first throughbore form a first passage for fluid flow.

25. The trocar of claim 4, wherein the inner and/or outer surface of the catheter hub is provided with a retraction guide structure for guiding the retraction member and/or hub for guiding retraction.

26. The trocar of claim 25, wherein the guide retraction is a no rotation retraction, a rotation retraction, or a combination thereof.

27. The trocar of claim 25, wherein the needle handle grip portion of the withdrawal means is further provided with a protrusion for guiding withdrawal, the outer surface of the catheter hub is provided with a recess matching the protrusion, and the withdrawal means withdraws through the cooperation of the protrusion and the recess.

28. The trocar of claim 25, wherein the handle grip portion of the withdrawal means is further provided with a recess for guiding withdrawal, the outer surface of the catheter hub is provided with a ridge matching the recess, and the withdrawal means withdraws through the cooperation of the recess and the ridge.

29. The trocar of claim 25, wherein the detachable portion of the withdrawal member is further provided with a protrusion for guiding withdrawal, the inner surface of the catheter hub is provided with a recess matching the protrusion, and the withdrawal member withdraws through the cooperation of the protrusion and the recess.

30. The trocar of claim 25, wherein the detachable portion of the withdrawal member is provided with a recess for guiding withdrawal, the inner surface of the catheter hub is provided with a protrusion matching the recess, and the withdrawal member withdraws by the interaction of the recess and the protrusion.

31. The trocar of claim 25, wherein the hub is further provided with a protrusion for guiding withdrawal, the inner surface of the catheter hub is provided with a recess matching the protrusion, and the withdrawal means withdraws by the cooperation of the protrusion and the recess.

32. The trocar of claim 25, wherein the hub is provided with a recess for guiding withdrawal, the interior surface of the catheter hub is provided with a rib matching the recess, and the withdrawal means withdraws by interaction of the recess with the rib.

33. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the hub has a first limit feature on an outer surface thereof; and

34. The trocar of claim 33, wherein the predetermined position includes a position where the hub is withdrawn back to the rear of the catheter hub such that the needle is fully withdrawn back into the interior of the catheter hub.

35. The trocar of claim 33, wherein the first stop is a protrusion and the second stop is a recess.

36. The trocar of claim 33, wherein the first stop feature is an annular protrusion.

37. The trocar of claim 33, wherein the second stop feature is an annular groove.

38. The trocar of claim 33, wherein the first stop is concave and the second stop is convex.

39. The trocar of claim 33, wherein the first and/or second stop is a resilient structure.

40. The trocar of claim 33, wherein the first stop structure includes a spring and a spring aperture disposed in the hub for receiving the spring;

41. The trocar of claim 1, further comprising a tab disposed near the head end of the catheter hub and tightly gripping the catheter hub; and/or

42. The trocar of claim 41, wherein the tab and the catheter hub are of unitary construction.

43. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the needle is 15G-30G.

44. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the length of the indwelling catheter is 1.0-15.0cm.

45. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the catheter hub is transparent or non-transparent or partially transparent.

46. A safe intravenous infusion needle is characterized by comprising an indwelling catheter, a catheter seat, a puncture needle and a needle seat;

in the indwelling state, the puncture needle is placed in the catheter seat;

the infusion needle also comprises a back drawing component which is used for driving the needle seat to draw, so that the infusion needle is converted into the indwelling state from the puncture state;