CN107764253A - Optical fibre gyro - Google Patents
Optical fibre gyro Download PDFInfo
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- CN107764253A CN107764253A CN201710867693.8A CN201710867693A CN107764253A CN 107764253 A CN107764253 A CN 107764253A CN 201710867693 A CN201710867693 A CN 201710867693A CN 107764253 A CN107764253 A CN 107764253A
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- optical fibre
- polarization maintaining
- waveguide
- maintaining optical
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
- G01C19/721—Details
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Gyroscopes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of optical fibre gyro, including Y waveguide, fiber optic loop and depolarizer, wherein depolarizer is arranged between Y waveguide and fiber optic loop, and fiber optic loop and Y waveguide are made of single-mode fiber.Because the polarization maintaining optical fibre price of same length is more than about 50 times of single-mode fiber, and as its manufacturing process of the Y waveguide of tail optical fiber complexity, yield rate be low etc., reason causes traditional Y waveguide with high costs using three polarization maintaining optical fibres, and fiber optic loop and Y waveguide then is made by using single-mode fiber in the present embodiment and depolarizer is set between fiber optic loop and Y waveguide to replace that fiber optic loop and Y waveguide is made using polarization maintaining optical fibre, so as to greatly reduce the cost of optical fibre gyro.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fiber-optics gyroscope field, more particularly to one kind by using single-mode fiber export Y waveguide and
The low-cost optical fiber gyro of depolarization fiber optic loop.
Background technology
The Optical Fiber Angle Transducer (also known as optical fibre gyro), is one using optical fiber sensing technology measurement space inertia rotation rate
Kind novel sensor, because it is without movable part, so as to be widely used on military and civilian.
The light path part of traditional optical fibre gyro, as shown in figure 1, generally including light source, coupler, Y waveguide, light
Fine ring and detector, it is overall to form optical fibre gyro along with computing circuit.Wherein fiber optic loop is the sensing core of optical fibre gyro,
And Y waveguide then plays the important function of light splitting and optical signal interference.Fiber optic loop is mostly polarization-maintaining light used by optical fibre gyro at present
Fine coiling forms, and Y waveguide is then using three polarization maintaining optical fibres as tail optical fiber.It is for Y waveguide, it is necessary to the optical axis of polarization-maintaining tail optical fiber is tight
Lattice are aligned with the optical axis of waveguide crystal, because this road technological work difficulty is larger, cause yield rate low, and expensive using equipment,
Cause the cost of each Y waveguide higher.Again due to using fiber optic loop cost made of polarization maintaining optical fibre higher in itself, therefore, cause
The cost of each finished product optical fibre gyro is very high.
Based on this, at present among optical communication field, there is a kind of Y waveguide with two single-mode optical fiber pigtails, by
In reducing between polarization maintaining fiber pigtail and Y waveguide crystal to the technique of axle so that the yield rate of this Y waveguide greatly improves,
Price is also cheaply more many than the Y waveguide of polarization maintaining fiber pigtail.But this Y waveguide can not directly replace traditional polarization-maintaining light
Fine tail optical fiber Y waveguide is used among optical fibre gyro.
The content of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to cause optical fibre gyro cost is high to ask for making Y waveguide and fiber optic loop using polarization maintaining optical fibre
Topic, there is provided a kind of that Y waveguide and the low-cost optical fiber gyro of depolarization fiber optic loop are exported using single-mode fiber.
A kind of optical fibre gyro, including Y waveguide, fiber optic loop and depolarizer, wherein, depolarizer is arranged on Y waveguide and fiber optic loop
Between, fiber optic loop and Y waveguide are made of single-mode fiber.
In one of the embodiments, depolarizer uses polarization maintaining optical fibre.
In one of the embodiments, depolarizer includes two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres, and two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres are connected respectively to Y
Two of waveguide are between single-mode optical fiber pigtail and fiber optic loop.
In one of the embodiments, every group of polarization maintaining optical fibre in two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres includes at least two polarization-maintaining light respectively
It is fine.
In one of the embodiments, 45 ± 5 degree of connections are intersected in every group of polarization maintaining optical fibre between adjacent two polarization maintaining optical fibres.
In one of the embodiments, the length in every group of polarization maintaining optical fibre between adjacent two polarization maintaining optical fibres is in 2 times of increases.
In one of the embodiments, the length of polarization maintaining optical fibre most short in one group of polarization maintaining optical fibre in two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres is
2 times of the length of most long polarization maintaining optical fibre in another group of polarization maintaining optical fibre.
In one of the embodiments, in addition to light source, it is described if during a length of 1550nm of light wave caused by the light source
The length of a most long polarization maintaining optical fibre is arranged to 24 meters in two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres.
Above-mentioned optical fibre gyro, fiber optic loop and Y waveguide is made and between fiber optic loop and Y waveguide by using single-mode fiber
Depolarizer is set to replace that fiber optic loop and Y waveguide is made using polarization maintaining optical fibre, so as to greatly reduce the cost of optical fibre gyro.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of fiber-optic gyroscope light path part in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of fiber-optic gyroscope light path part in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the enlarged diagram of depolarizer part in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the fused fiber splice schematic diagram of depolarizer in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the accuracy comparison schematic diagram of different optical fibre gyros in one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of optical fibre gyro, as shown in Fig. 2 including input channel and output channel, wherein
Input channel includes light source, detector, coupler and computing circuit, and output channel includes Y waveguide, depolarizer and fiber optic loop.
In the present embodiment, fiber optic loop and Y waveguide are made of single-mode fiber, in single-mode fiber ring and the single-mode optical fiber pigtail of Y waveguide
Between connected by depolarizer.So that traditional polarization maintaining optical fibre can directly be replaced using the Y waveguide of single-mode optical fiber pigtail
The Y waveguide of tail optical fiber is used among optical fibre gyro.
Make because the polarization maintaining optical fibre price of same length is more than about 50 times of single-mode fiber, and using three polarization maintaining optical fibres
For the Y waveguide of tail optical fiber its manufacturing process is complicated, yield rate is low etc., reason causes traditional Y waveguide with high costs, and the present embodiment
In fiber optic loop and Y waveguide then be made by using single-mode fiber and set depolarizer to replace adopting between fiber optic loop and Y waveguide
Fiber optic loop and Y waveguide is made with polarization maintaining optical fibre, so as to greatly reduce the cost of optical fibre gyro.
In one embodiment, depolarizer can be made of polarization maintaining optical fibre.Specifically, depolarizer can include two groups of guarantors
Polarisation is fine, and two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres are connected respectively to two of Y waveguide between single-mode optical fiber pigtail and fiber optic loop.
In one embodiment, every group of polarization maintaining optical fibre in two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres includes at least two polarization maintaining optical fibres respectively,
And in two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres polarization maintaining optical fibre radical it is identical.
In one embodiment, the length in every group of polarization maintaining optical fibre between adjacent two polarization maintaining optical fibres is in 2 times of increases.At this
In embodiment, in two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres the length of polarization maintaining optical fibre most short in one group of polarization maintaining optical fibre be in another group of polarization maintaining optical fibre most
2 times of the length of long polarization maintaining optical fibre.
Specifically, as shown in figure 3, depolarizer includes upper and lower two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres.In the present embodiment, every group of polarization maintaining optical fibre
Include two polarization maintaining optical fibres respectively, then two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres include 4 polarization maintaining optical fibres altogether, it is assumed that the length of 4 polarization maintaining optical fibres point
Not Wei a, b, c, d, wherein a=2b=4c=8d, then two polarization maintaining optical fibres of a, b form one group of polarization maintaining optical fibre, it is connected to Y waveguide
One between single-mode optical fiber pigtail and fiber optic loop, two polarization maintaining optical fibres of c, d form another group of polarization maintaining optical fibres, and it is connected to Y ripples
Between another single-mode optical fiber pigtail and fiber optic loop for leading.
In one embodiment, 45 ± 5 degree of angle connections can be intersected between adjacent two polarization maintaining optical fibres.Preferably, every group
Intersect 45 degree of angle connections in polarization maintaining optical fibre between adjacent two polarization maintaining optical fibres or connected close to 45 degree of angles.In the present embodiment, disappear
The principle of inclined device is using the delay character of the main shaft polarised light of tie point between polarization maintaining optical fibre, by two kinds of polarization states of polarised light
Opened from time pull-up, so that the degree of coherence of emergent light is 0, and using 45 angles of junction between polarization maintaining optical fibre, make light
Equivalent is distributed on 2 orthogonal polarization directions, so as to realize that input light is depolarized so that the precision of optical fibre gyro is guaranteed.
The principle of depolarizer in the present embodiment is further illustrated below by way of Fig. 4, in optical fibre gyro, light source is typically all adopted
With the wide spectrum light source that coherence length is small, spectrum width is wider, because the effect of wide range is with the increase of geometry optical path difference so that relevant
Degree reduces.Therefore, in the present embodiment, super-radiance light emitting diode (Super-Luminescent Diode, letter can be used
Claim SLD) it can be represented as the light source in optical fibre gyro, its normalized power spectral density function by S (v)：
V is light frequency in above formula, v0For average optical frequency, Δ v is half bandwidth.
Then SLD normalization coherence factor is：
Assuming that transmission delay of the light in the optical fiber that length is l that frequency is f isIt then can accordingly obtain light extraction
Phase delayWherein：C is the light velocity, and Δ n is the refringence of optical fiber.And then it can draw
Two section polarization maintaining optical fibre ls of the light in depolarizer1、l2In transmission delay τ1、τ2Respectively：
In the present embodiment, when input light is linearly polarized light, then after depolarized, degree of polarization P can be expressed as
Formula (1)：
Wherein：A is two sections of polarization maintaining optical fibre l1、l2The angle of main shaft, Δ β0It is optical fiber main shaft when light wave centre frequency is f
Transmission is poor.
Analyzed more than, in order that degree of polarization is zero, l1、l2、|l2-l1| value must then be fulfilled for following relation
Formula：
min(l1,2)>lcAnd | l2-l1|≥lc
Wherein lcThe depolarized length of light wave coherence length is corresponded to for high birefringence optical fiber.
If using l2>l1, in order that Fibre Optic Depolarizer has satisfied depolarized effect, then it must is fulfilled for γ (l1) ≈ 0,
l2=2l1。
In order that γ (l it can be seen from formula (1)1) be zero, then
Depolarized length lcFor：
Therefore, it is double in a length of 1550nm of light wave of light source SLD output lights, a width of 15nm of strip of light, depolarizer polarization maintaining optical fibre
It is refracted as 7 × 10-4During magnitude, corresponding depolarized length is 0.228m；By substantial amounts of experimental verification, the ripple occurred for polarization-maintaining
It is dynamic, then at least need to be more than 80 depolarized length, i.e. the length of single hop depolarizer needs to meet 18.3m, in the coiling of fiber optic loop
During, it is desirable to depolarizer can be completely around complete one layer of optical fiber, therefore the length of single hop depolarizer is set to 24m；If strip of light
During a width of 10nm, then corresponding length needs to increase to 27m.
As shown in figure 5, (a) figure is reconnection single-mode fiber ring composition after polarization maintaining fiber pigtail Y waveguide connection depolarizer
The zero bias test chart of optical fibre gyro, its zero bias index are 0.212 degree/hour；(b) figure is to pass through single-mode optical fiber pigtail Y waveguide
The zero bias test chart for the optical fibre gyro that the depolarizer connection single-mode fiber ring of the embodiment of the present invention is formed, its zero bias index are
0.247 degree/hour.Numerically, the present embodiment adds depolarizer and single-mode fiber ring to form using single-mode optical fiber pigtail Y waveguide
Optical fibre gyro precision, and using polarization maintaining fiber pigtail Y waveguide forecast scheme configuration optical fibre gyro precision it is equally matched.Cause
This, using the scheme of the present embodiment, the Y waveguide of polarization maintaining fiber pigtail is substituted by using the Y waveguide of single-mode optical fiber pigtail, so as to
The manufacturing cost of optical fibre gyro is reduced, while ensure that the precision of optical fibre gyro.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to make description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
Apply all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, the scope that this specification is recorded all is considered to be.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Can not therefore it be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that come for one of ordinary skill in the art
Say, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection of the present invention
Scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of optical fibre gyro, it is characterised in that including Y waveguide, fiber optic loop and depolarizer, the depolarizer is arranged on the Y
Between waveguide and fiber optic loop, the fiber optic loop and Y waveguide are made of single-mode fiber.
2. optical fibre gyro according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the depolarizer uses polarization maintaining optical fibre.
3. optical fibre gyro according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the depolarizer includes two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres, described
Two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres are connected respectively between two single-mode optical fiber pigtails of the Y waveguide and the fiber optic loop.
4. optical fibre gyro according to claim 3, it is characterised in that every group of polarization maintaining optical fibre in two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres
Include at least two polarization maintaining optical fibres respectively.
5. optical fibre gyro according to claim 4, it is characterised in that adjacent two polarization-maintaining light in every group of polarization maintaining optical fibre
Intersect 45 ± 5 degree of connections between fibre.
6. optical fibre gyro according to claim 4, it is characterised in that adjacent two polarization-maintaining light in every group of polarization maintaining optical fibre
Length between fibre is in 2 times of increases.
7. optical fibre gyro according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres in one group of polarization maintaining optical fibre
The length of most short polarization maintaining optical fibre is 2 times of the length of polarization maintaining optical fibre most long in another group of polarization maintaining optical fibre.
8. optical fibre gyro according to claim 6, it is characterised in that also including light source, if light wave caused by the light source
During a length of 1550nm, then the length of a polarization maintaining optical fibre most long in two groups of polarization maintaining optical fibres is arranged to 24 meters.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710867693.8A CN107764253A (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2017-09-22 | Optical fibre gyro |
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| CN201710867693.8A CN107764253A (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2017-09-22 | Optical fibre gyro |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112099075A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-18 | 北京大学 | All-fiber rotary seismograph with single-mode depolarization structure |
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| CN103743391A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2014-04-23 | 北京大学 | Full-depolarized optical fiber gyroscope of unicoupler |
| CN104359471A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-02-18 | 湖北三江航天红峰控制有限公司 | Mixed polarized fiber-optic gyroscope light path and preparation method of depolarizer |
| CN204388858U (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-10 | 重庆华渝电气集团有限公司 | The depolarized structure of light path of fibre optic gyroscope |
| CN105865433A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 浙江大学 | Monolithic integration depolarized fiber optic gyroscope optical chip |
| CN106507910B (en) * | 2002-11-04 | 2016-10-05 | 北京航天时代光电科技有限公司 | Full digital processing closed-loop fiber optic gyroscope based on FPGA |
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2017
- 2017-09-22 CN CN201710867693.8A patent/CN107764253A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106507910B (en) * | 2002-11-04 | 2016-10-05 | 北京航天时代光电科技有限公司 | Full digital processing closed-loop fiber optic gyroscope based on FPGA |
| CN103743391A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2014-04-23 | 北京大学 | Full-depolarized optical fiber gyroscope of unicoupler |
| CN104359471A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-02-18 | 湖北三江航天红峰控制有限公司 | Mixed polarized fiber-optic gyroscope light path and preparation method of depolarizer |
| CN204388858U (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-10 | 重庆华渝电气集团有限公司 | The depolarized structure of light path of fibre optic gyroscope |
| CN105865433A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 浙江大学 | Monolithic integration depolarized fiber optic gyroscope optical chip |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112099075A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-18 | 北京大学 | All-fiber rotary seismograph with single-mode depolarization structure |
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Application publication date: 20180306 |