CN107734329A - A kind of detecting system and detection method of baseband digital video frame per second - Google Patents

A kind of detecting system and detection method of baseband digital video frame per second Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107734329A
CN107734329A CN201711125442.9A CN201711125442A CN107734329A CN 107734329 A CN107734329 A CN 107734329A CN 201711125442 A CN201711125442 A CN 201711125442A CN 107734329 A CN107734329 A CN 107734329A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
video
video frame
detection
frame
dial plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201711125442.9A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
倪兴
包志龙
应伟新
沈韶臻
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZHEJIANG BELL TECHNOLOGY Co
Original Assignee
ZHEJIANG BELL TECHNOLOGY Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZHEJIANG BELL TECHNOLOGY Co filed Critical ZHEJIANG BELL TECHNOLOGY Co
Priority to CN201711125442.9A priority Critical patent/CN107734329A/en
Publication of CN107734329A publication Critical patent/CN107734329A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N17/00Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details
    • H04N17/002Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details for television cameras

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of detecting system and detection method of baseband digital video frame per second.Detect and block including video frame rate, video quality evaluation analyzer and tested video camera;Described video frame rate detection card includes dial plate, the pointer at the uniform velocity rotated by motor driving is set on dial plate, every 5 degree have a long graduation mark on described dial plate, every 1 degree has a short graduation mark, the framing point of Automatic-searching dial plate and pointer position when described video frame rate detection card is also including detector bar and for image recognition, described detector bar are made up of the color of polylith difference gray scale;Described video frame rate detection card is a real graph card, produces continuous moving image, provides continuous video source for tested video camera, by the imaging of video camera, samples, coding, be transferred to video quality evaluation analyzer;The detection method of the present invention is detected using the detecting system of above-mentioned baseband digital video frame per second.

Description

A kind of detecting system and detection method of baseband digital video frame per second
Technical field
The present invention relates to video detection technology field, the detecting system of especially a kind of baseband digital video frame per second and detection Method.
Background technology
Baseband digital video (including the unpressed video such as DVI, HDMI and SDI, the measurement of compressed video frame rate are not examined herein Within survey method discusses) frame per second directly affects the quality of video, due to the special physiological structure of human eye, when video frame rate is low When 16 frames/second, obvious interim card is just may feel that, when video frame rate is higher than 24 frames/second, human eye could be felt To the smoothness of video.
Video frame rate is the important indicator for weighing a camera system, and common camera system video frame rate is generally 24 Frame/second, 25 frames/second, 30 frames/second, 50 frames/second etc..The video frame rate of high speed video system can reach 10000 frames/second, high frame per second Camera system is adapted to shoot swiftly passing object.But these frame per second are all nominal theoretical frame per second, may occur in practice Frame losing, again the problems such as frame, actual frame per second is caused to be less than nominal frame per second.
The factor for influenceing baseband digital video frame per second has the sampling rate for much mainly having headend equipment, video transmission line Quality etc., the shortcomings that prior art:Current baseband digital video frame rate detection method relies primarily on video signal analysis instrument Digital baseband signal is measured and (broadcasts path skill with reference to the television operating center broadcast control systems of professional standard GY/T165 2000 numeral Art index and measuring method, the studio digital tv encoder Parameter specifications of GB/T14857 1993).Traditional measuring method is main The parameters such as the wave-shape amplitude of signal, overshoot, rise time, frequency are measured.The equipment of costliness is needed to support and abundant Professional equipment operating experience, it is unfavorable for very much the promotion and popularization of the measuring method.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, such as that prior art is present, there is provided a kind of inspection of baseband digital video frame per second Examining system and detection method, solves the actual frame per second measurement problem of digital camera system, video whether ask by frame losing, weight frame etc. Topic, can detect whether video frame rate reaches nominal requirement, the requirement to equipment and operating personnel is relatively low.
Therefore, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:A kind of detecting system of baseband digital video frame per second, it is characterised in that Detect and block including video frame rate, video quality evaluation analyzer and tested video camera;
Described video frame rate detection card includes dial plate, and the pointer at the uniform velocity rotated by motor driving is set on dial plate, described Dial plate on every 5 degree have a long graduation mark, every 1 degree has a short graduation mark, and described video frame rate detection card also includes inspection Survey bar and the framing point of Automatic-searching dial plate and pointer position during for image recognition, described detector bar are different by polylith The color composition of gray scale;
Described video frame rate detection card is a real graph card, continuous moving image is produced, to be tested video camera Continuous video source is provided, by the imaging of video camera, samples, coding, is transferred to video quality evaluation analyzer;
Described video quality evaluation analyzer includes video acquisition module, context detection module, data exchange module, regarded Frequency analysis module and man-machine interface, described video acquisition module collection different video source;Described context detection module includes Laser range sensor and light intensity detecting sensor, as video frequencies are detected with card and the detection of camera position distance and right The detection of ambient light illumination;Data exchange module is responsible for the data interaction of video flowing;Analysis module is obtained from video flowing Effective video frame, and calculate the actually active frame per second of video;Man-machine interface be responsible for operating personnel control instruction input and Testing result exports.
Video quality evaluation analyzer is mainly by video acquisition module, the collection of base band video such as including AV, SDI, HDMI, The video of main collection different type video camera, at the same also have all the way laser range sensor and light intensity detecting sensor as defeated Enter, as to detection of the video frequencies detection card with the detection of camera position distance and to ambient light illumination, be for experiment condition It is no to meet that testing requirements provide objective basis.Data exchange module is mainly responsible for the data interaction of video flowing, in favor of video point Analysis module obtains effective video frame from video flowing.The control instruction input and detection of operating personnel is mainly responsible in man-machine interface As a result export, can be interacted by keyboard and mouse.
Described detector bar is 4, is distributed in the direction up and down of dial plate, and each detector bar is by 4 pieces of different gray scales Color forms.For detecting whether it is effective image.
Described anchor point position 4, it is distributed on four corners.Automatic-searching dial plate and pointer position during for image recognition Put.
Described pointer is driven by constant speed direct current generator, pointer uniform rotation, and the time of turning around is about 1 second.
Described video frame rate detection card includes two dial plates in left and right, and left side dial plate turns around for one second, and the right dial plate is Turn around within one minute.Double dial plate modes can calculate the pointer position of 2 dial plates with Video Detection Algorithm, most long to obtain 1 point Unduplicated video pictures in clock, the identification to valid frame can be more accurate.
Described detection graph card is fixed in reflecting lamp box, and lamp box uses 5500K colour temperatures, the light source of 2000LUX illumination, Best Detection results can be reached.
A kind of detection method of baseband digital video frame per second, it is characterised in that using the inspection of above-mentioned baseband digital video frame per second Examining system is detected, and detection method is as follows:
(1) video record:Recorded a video from video frequency collection card by the function pair video for calling the SDK of capture card to provide And compress and be saved in hard disk;
(2) video frame extraction:The each frame of video is extracted from the video recording of hard disk, preserves into JPG format pictures;
(3) picture pre-processes:Gray processing processing is carried out to JPG format-patterns, generates 256 color shade pictures;
(4) picture positions:The dial plate position of picture is positioned according to " ten " the word elements of a fix on gray scale picture;
(5) picture is verified:Verified according to 4 gray scale color lumps on gray scale picture, when detecting that gray value is by certain Value and rule become increased, and 4 positions are all verified, representative is effective picture;
(6) pointer position change checking:By checking that the data variation in gray scale picture in gray scale value matrix is verified, Data variation represents valid frame more than certain threshold values;
(7) valid frame calculates:Whole effective picture and valid frame are calculated, if the calculating one that 2 adjacent frames change Frame valid frame, according to formula:The actually active frame per second of (whole valid frames)/video record duration=video.
(8) result exports:Testing result is exported by display interface, if same number of frames or abnormal frame, passes through interface Window exports.
This practicality is mainly formed with by 2 kinds of detection instruments and a kind of equipment to be checked, and the picture of motion is produced by video detection card Face, as the video source of tested video camera, by the imaging of video camera, sample, coding, be transferred to video quality evaluation analysis Instrument, decoded by video quality evaluation analyzer and be reduced into raw video signal, and raw video signal is stored, to regarding Frequently each frame carries out graphical analysis, judges to be effective video frame, so as to calculate the actually active frame per second of tested video camera.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. traditional technique in measuring digital baseband video frame rate uses digital video oscillograph, to baseband video signal Waveform is analyzed, very high to the technical requirements of testing staff, and the result of display is all waveform, very not directly perceived, it is necessary to have rich Rich experience can just be understood.This detection method is simple, intuitively, it is only necessary to vision signal access point video quality evaluation analyzer In, start detection card, testing result can be exported automatically by clicking on detection.
2.GA/T 1128-2013《Safety precaution video monitoring high-definition camera measuring method》Middle video frame rate inspection Graph card is detected in survey method and uses pendulum either second generator, pendulum is to move back and forth mode, and pendulum is possible to Photograph identical picture (for example pendulum is in as the minimum point of left swing with the picture that the minimum point of right pendulum is taken is, but It is all valid frame in fact to be).Second, generator used electronic stopclock, and electronic stopclock has refresh time, it is possible to can photograph number The ghost image of word, it is valid frame to be difficult to differentiate.This detection method uses the pointer continuously run, solves the above 2 kinds of problems.
3. whether contrast some frame per second detection modes and differentiated using human eye is the frame that changes, this detection method uses image Whether recognizer automatic detection is the frame changed, greatly reduces the working strength of inspector, improves accuracy.
4. there is the time for exposure centre of each frame of video camera, because the pointer of frame per second detection card is uniform rotation, exposing Light time, interior pointer was also to have displacement, the effect shot be exactly pointer have it is fuzzy, but due to the time for exposure of each frame It is identical, so the pointer fog-level of each frame is substantially similar, it can be set in the contrast threshold values plus algorithm, pointer obscures Testing result is not interfered with.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is hardware device connection diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is video detection card structure figure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is video quality evaluation analyzer structural topology figure
Fig. 4 is video quality evaluation analyzer video analysis algorithm pattern.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be described in detail.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of detecting system of baseband digital video frame per second, including video frame rate detection card 7, depending on Frequency Quality Evaluation Analysis instrument 9 and tested video camera 8.
Video frame rate detection card includes dial plate 5, sets the pointer 4 for being driven by motor 6 and at the uniform velocity being rotated on dial plate, on dial plate often 5 degree have one long graduation mark 3, and every 1 degree has a short graduation mark, and video frame rate detection card also includes detector bar and known for image The framing point 1 of Automatic-searching dial plate and pointer position when other, described detector bar 2 by polylith difference gray scale color group Into;
Described video frame rate detection card is a real graph card, continuous moving image is produced, to be tested video camera Continuous video source is provided, by the imaging of video camera, samples, coding, is transferred to video quality evaluation analyzer;
As shown in figure 3, described video quality evaluation analyzer includes video acquisition module, context detection module, data Switching Module, analysis module and man-machine interface, described video acquisition module collection different video source;Described environment inspection Surveying module includes laser range sensor and light intensity detecting sensor, as to video frequencies detection card and camera position distance Detection and detection to ambient light illumination;Data exchange module is responsible for the data interaction of video flowing;Analysis module be from regarding Frequency obtains effective video frame in flowing, and calculates the actually active frame per second of video;The control of operating personnel is responsible in man-machine interface Instruction input and testing result output.
Detector bar is 4, is distributed in the direction up and down of dial plate, each detector bar by 4 pieces of different gray scales color group Into.Anchor point position 4, it is distributed on four corners.Pointer is driven by constant speed direct current generator, pointer uniform rotation, when turning around Between be about 1 second.Video frame rate detection card can also include two dial plates in left and right, and left side dial plate turns around for one second, the right Dial plate is to turn around for one minute.Detection graph card is fixed in reflecting lamp box, and lamp box uses 5500K colour temperatures, 2000LUX illumination Light source.
As shown in figure 4, a kind of detection method of baseband digital video frame per second of the present invention, using baseband digital video frame per second Detecting system is detected, and detection method is as follows:
(1) video record:Recorded a video from video frequency collection card by the function pair video for calling the SDK of capture card to provide And compress and be saved in hard disk;
(2) video frame extraction:The each frame of video is extracted from the video recording of hard disk, preserves into JPG format pictures;
(3) picture pre-processes:Gray processing processing is carried out to JPG format-patterns, generates 256 color shade pictures;
(4) picture positions:The dial plate position of picture is positioned according to " ten " the word elements of a fix on gray scale picture;
(5) picture is verified:Verified according to 4 gray scale color lumps on gray scale picture, when detecting that gray value is by certain Value and rule become increased, and 4 positions are all verified, representative is effective picture;
(6) pointer position change checking:By checking that the data variation in gray scale picture in gray scale value matrix is verified, Data variation represents valid frame more than certain threshold values;
(7) valid frame calculates:Whole effective picture and valid frame are calculated, if the calculating one that 2 adjacent frames change Frame valid frame, according to formula:The actually active frame per second of (whole valid frames)/video record duration=video.
(8) result exports:Testing result is exported by display interface, if same number of frames or abnormal frame, passes through interface Window exports.
Listed above is only the specific embodiment of the present invention, and the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, the shape in pond The shape of shape and steel pipe can also have many deformations (such as oval, square).One of ordinary skill in the art can be from this hair All deformations that bright disclosure is directly exported or associated, are considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of detecting system of baseband digital video frame per second, it is characterised in that detect and block including video frame rate, video quality is commented Valency analyzer and tested video camera;
Described video frame rate detection card includes dial plate, and the pointer at the uniform velocity rotated by motor driving, described table are set on dial plate Every 5 degree have a long graduation mark on disk, and every 1 degree has a short graduation mark, and described video frame rate detection card also includes detector bar The framing point of Automatic-searching dial plate and pointer position during with for image recognition, described detector bar is by polylith difference gray scale Color composition;
Described video frame rate detection card is a real graph card, produces continuous moving image, is provided for tested video camera Continuous video source, by the imaging of video camera, sample, coding, be transferred to video quality evaluation analyzer;
Described video quality evaluation analyzer includes video acquisition module, context detection module, data exchange module, video point Analyse module and man-machine interface, described video acquisition module collection different video source;Described context detection module includes laser Distance measuring sensor and light intensity detecting sensor, as the detection to video frequencies detection card and camera position distance and to environment The detection of illumination;Data exchange module is responsible for the data interaction of video flowing;Analysis module is obtained effectively from video flowing Frame of video, and calculate the actually active frame per second of video;The control instruction input and detection of operating personnel is responsible in man-machine interface As a result export.
A kind of 2. detecting system of baseband digital video frame per second according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described detection Bar is 4, is distributed in the direction up and down of dial plate, and each detector bar is made up of the color of 4 pieces of different gray scales.
A kind of 3. detecting system of baseband digital video frame per second according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described positioning Point position 4, is distributed on four corners.
A kind of 4. detecting system of baseband digital video frame per second according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that described finger Pin is driven by constant speed direct current generator, pointer uniform rotation, and the time of turning around is 1 second.
A kind of 5. detecting system of baseband digital video frame per second according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described video Frame per second detection card includes two dial plates in left and right, and left side dial plate turns around for one second, and the right dial plate is to turn around for one minute.
A kind of 6. detecting system of baseband digital video frame per second according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described detection Graph card is fixed in reflecting lamp box, and lamp box uses 5500K colour temperatures, the light source of 2000LUX illumination.
7. a kind of detection method of baseband digital video frame per second, it is characterised in that regarded using the base-band digital described in claim 1 The detecting system of frequency frame per second is detected, and detection method is as follows:
(1) video record:By calling the function pair video that the SDK of capture card is provided to be recorded a video and being pressed from video frequency collection card Contracting is saved in hard disk;
(2) video frame extraction:The each frame of video is extracted from the video recording of hard disk, preserves into JPG format pictures;
(3) picture pre-processes:Gray processing processing is carried out to JPG format-patterns, generates 256 color shade pictures;
(4) picture positions:The dial plate position of picture is positioned according to " ten " the word elements of a fix on gray scale picture;
(5) picture is verified:Verified according to 4 gray scale color lumps on gray scale picture, when detect gray value be by certain value and Rule becomes increased, and 4 positions are all verified, representative is effective picture;
(6) pointer position change checking:By checking that the data variation in gray scale picture in gray scale value matrix is verified, data Change represents valid frame more than certain threshold values;
(7) valid frame calculates:Whole effective picture and valid frame are calculated, if the frame of calculating one that 2 adjacent frames change has Frame is imitated, according to formula:The actually active frame per second of (whole valid frames)/video record duration=video.
(8) result exports:Testing result is exported by display interface, if same number of frames or abnormal frame, passes through interfaces windows Output.
CN201711125442.9A 2017-11-14 2017-11-14 A kind of detecting system and detection method of baseband digital video frame per second Pending CN107734329A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711125442.9A CN107734329A (en) 2017-11-14 2017-11-14 A kind of detecting system and detection method of baseband digital video frame per second

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711125442.9A CN107734329A (en) 2017-11-14 2017-11-14 A kind of detecting system and detection method of baseband digital video frame per second

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107734329A true CN107734329A (en) 2018-02-23

Family

ID=61215454

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201711125442.9A Pending CN107734329A (en) 2017-11-14 2017-11-14 A kind of detecting system and detection method of baseband digital video frame per second

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107734329A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109506900A (en) * 2018-11-05 2019-03-22 苏州工业职业技术学院 A kind of imaging frame rate detection system and its detection method near infrared camera
CN109729343A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-05-07 精微视达医疗科技(武汉)有限公司 A kind of frame rate detection method of imaging device
CN110493593A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-11-22 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 A kind of photographic device frame frequency test macro and its test method
CN112995650A (en) * 2019-12-18 2021-06-18 天翼智慧家庭科技有限公司 Method and device for detecting video continuity of camera
CN116743984A (en) * 2023-04-24 2023-09-12 武汉新朗光电科技有限公司 Infrared thermal imaging frame rate detection system and application method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104023229A (en) * 2014-06-23 2014-09-03 公安部第三研究所 Detection method and system for performances of non-contact type image system
CN204090048U (en) * 2014-08-11 2015-01-07 浙江贝尔技术有限公司 A kind of video quality evaluation analyzer system
CN107229930A (en) * 2017-04-28 2017-10-03 北京化工大学 A kind of pointer instrument numerical value intelligent identification Method and device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104023229A (en) * 2014-06-23 2014-09-03 公安部第三研究所 Detection method and system for performances of non-contact type image system
CN204090048U (en) * 2014-08-11 2015-01-07 浙江贝尔技术有限公司 A kind of video quality evaluation analyzer system
CN107229930A (en) * 2017-04-28 2017-10-03 北京化工大学 A kind of pointer instrument numerical value intelligent identification Method and device

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109506900A (en) * 2018-11-05 2019-03-22 苏州工业职业技术学院 A kind of imaging frame rate detection system and its detection method near infrared camera
CN109506900B (en) * 2018-11-05 2023-11-14 苏州工业职业技术学院 Imaging frame rate detection system and detection method for near infrared camera
CN109729343A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-05-07 精微视达医疗科技(武汉)有限公司 A kind of frame rate detection method of imaging device
CN109729343B (en) * 2018-12-19 2020-07-31 精微视达医疗科技(武汉)有限公司 Frame rate detection method of imaging device
CN110493593A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-11-22 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 A kind of photographic device frame frequency test macro and its test method
CN110493593B (en) * 2019-07-30 2020-09-29 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 Camera device frame frequency test system and test method thereof
CN112995650A (en) * 2019-12-18 2021-06-18 天翼智慧家庭科技有限公司 Method and device for detecting video continuity of camera
CN112995650B (en) * 2019-12-18 2023-10-20 天翼数字生活科技有限公司 Method and device for detecting video continuity of camera
CN116743984A (en) * 2023-04-24 2023-09-12 武汉新朗光电科技有限公司 Infrared thermal imaging frame rate detection system and application method thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN107734329A (en) A kind of detecting system and detection method of baseband digital video frame per second
US5673331A (en) Method and apparatus for reading meters from a video image
US5572444A (en) Method and apparatus for automatic performance evaluation of electronic display devices
US5351201A (en) Method and apparatus for automatic performance evaluation of electronic display devices
CN102589705B (en) Single-blackbody temperature-controlled MRTD (Minimum Resolvable Temperature Difference) field online automatic detection device and method for thermal imager
CN101424514A (en) Band tape graduation on-line automatic detection system and method based on image processing
CN109870279A (en) Deflection of bridge span detection system and detection method based on digital image processing techniques
CN105911060B (en) A kind of visible detection method and device of the pollution of transmission-type visual range visibility meter window mirror
CN107403177A (en) Brightness measurement method based on industrial camera
CN109557396B (en) Electromagnetic field radiation immunity video automatic detection system and detection method
CN105430387A (en) System and method for testing exposure time of camera/vidicon
CN201467383U (en) Video frequency frame rate tester
US5748229A (en) System and method for evaluating video fidelity by determining information frame rate
Zhao et al. Research on remote meter automatic reading based on computer vision
CN103743425A (en) Method for detecting dynamic response capability of instrument pointer
CN111487225A (en) Rapid and high-precision water quality transparency measuring device and measuring method thereof
CN205490960U (en) Camera / camera exposure time test system
CN104778709B (en) A kind of construction method of the electronic blackboard based on yarn sequence image
US5606410A (en) Method for controlling the surface state of one face of a solid and the associated device
CN109309797B (en) Light variable quantity judges system immediately
CN207766425U (en) A kind of baseband digital video frame per second detection card
CN116310263A (en) Pointer type aviation horizon instrument indication automatic reading implementation method
CN207991299U (en) The field visualized monitoring system of kiln temperature
CN109357695A (en) A kind of thermohygrometer automated detection system
CN210867988U (en) Imaging system space testing device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20180223