CN107733464A - A kind of associated detecting method and system of Chirp spread spectrum communication systems - Google Patents
A kind of associated detecting method and system of Chirp spread spectrum communication systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN107733464A CN107733464A CN201711058629.1A CN201711058629A CN107733464A CN 107733464 A CN107733464 A CN 107733464A CN 201711058629 A CN201711058629 A CN 201711058629A CN 107733464 A CN107733464 A CN 107733464A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
- H04B1/711—Interference-related aspects the interference being multi-path interference
- H04B1/7115—Constructive combining of multi-path signals, i.e. RAKE receivers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
- H04B1/711—Interference-related aspects the interference being multi-path interference
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/024—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of associated detecting method and system of Chirp spread spectrum communication systems, and this method obtains the location sets of nonzero coefficient in time domain channel parameter by least square method combination AF panel；Accurate estimation time domain channel parameter is obtained by carrying out Kalman filtering to the channel parameter of all delay paths in location sets；RAKE receiver obtains estimation channel time domain parameter, and then mulitpath component is combined according to maximum-ratio combing principle；This method AF panel can effectively strengthen signal to noise ratio, help to judge the position of multipath component, accurate channel time domain parameter can be obtained in conjunction with least square method and Kalman filtering, then use maximum-ratio combing that mulitpath component is merged reduces the bit error rate to improve signal to noise ratio.The present invention has good performance in multipath channel, can be reasonably resistant to multi-path jamming, have certain values to the application in engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication field, a kind of associated detecting method more particularly, to Chirp spread spectrum communication systems and
System.
Background technology
Along with the arriving of the Internet of things era, the growth of user's request, hundreds of millions of objects needs to access network, progressively
Realize the great conception of " all things on earth interconnection ".Large-scale terminal node deployment necessarily has more harsh requirement to network, carries
The conditions such as low-power consumption, low cost, high covering, Large Copacity are gone out, low-power consumption wide area network and its Floor layer Technology are expedited the emergence of out to this.Wherein
Chirp spread spectrum systems (CSS, Chirp Spread Spectrum) are exactly to aim at the design of low-power consumption wide area network, and CSS is as physics
Layer transmission technology not only has low-power consumption, remote advantage, is also equipped with low complex degree, the characteristic of strong antijamming capability.IEEE
802.15.4a-2007 clearly indicate and be applied to long range and the occasion of high-speed motion by physical-layer techniques of CSS, CSS is in thing
There are wide application scenarios in networking.
Due to there may be the objects such as high building, massif, trees in communication environments, electromagnetic wave emits from emitter,
Pass through the reflection of these barriers during propagation, the appearance of a plurality of transmitting path can be caused, each paths were propagated with the time
The phase relation that change is reached between each field component of receiving point is different, and superposition synthesis has triggered multipath effect.Multipath is imitated
The generation answered can cause signal to be distorted, so as to cause intersymbol interference.In order to improve the reliability of communication system, it is necessary to
Deploy the research to CSS system anti-multipath jamming.
In CSS communication systems, the method for solving multi-path jamming is roughly divided into two kinds：One kind is to use to prelist in transmitting terminal
Code technology；Nanotron companies create a kind of Mutiple Choice precoding, on the premise of transmitting terminal carries out channel estimation, pass through
Equivalent single drive signal is superimposed as when causing the signal in multiple paths to reach receiver to transmission signal precoding, so as to effective
The intersymbol interference that resistance multipath is brought.This method actually adds the complexity of emitter to resist multi-path jamming, very suitable
Conjunction is realized in the downlink.Because emitter is served as in base station, Mutiple Choice precoding is carried out, so as to which terminal node need not enter
The complicated receiving algorithm of row, the cost of terminal hardware can be greatlyd save.Another kind is connect in receiving terminal using traditional RAKE
Receipts technology.Low-power consumption wide area network terminal node provides the energy, therefore power limited using battery, and multipath effect to send in addition
The power dissipation of signal, exacerbate the deterioration of the bit error rate.RAKE receiver is a kind of capture multipath signal, then using a point set
And mode obtain the adaptive receiver of system gain, be substantially to collect scattered mulitpath component, improve
Received signal to noise ratio is to obtain performance raising, but RAKE receptions need to estimate time domain channel parameter.J.D.Jeong, S.H.Jang and
J.W.Chong proposed several RAKE receiver structures in 2009 in collection of thesis, but the document is also without the letter for proposing correlation
Channel estimation algorithm.But RAKE receiver could be effectively operated under the premise of needing to obtain accurate channel information, be this
Effective signal detecting method is designed in CSS communication systems and has become urgent problem to be solved.
The content of the invention
A kind of associated detecting method of the Chirp spread spectrum communication systems of strong antijamming capability of the present invention.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of combined detection system of Chirp spread spectrum communication systems.
In order to reach above-mentioned technique effect, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of associated detecting method of Chirp spread spectrum communication systems, comprises the following steps：
S1：The location sets of nonzero coefficient in time domain channel parameter are obtained by least square method combination AF panel；
S2：Obtain accurate estimating by carrying out Kalman filtering to the channel parameter of all delay paths in location sets
Clocking domain channel parameter；
S3：RAKE receiver obtains estimation channel time domain parameter, then according to maximum-ratio combing principle mulitpath point
Amount is combined.
Further, the detailed process of the step S1 is：
S11：Initialize frequency pilot sign and count k=1, initialize the location sets L, L of nonzero coefficient in time domain channel parameter0
=Φ, initialization estimation time domain channel coefficients vector
S12：For k-th frequency pilot sign, using LS channel estimation methods, nonzero coefficient in time domain channel parameter is obtained
Location sets Lk, that is, determine variable l value.
Further, the detailed process of the step S2 is：
S21：Travel through location sets LkIn all l value, the parameter of initialization l footpath Kalmans tracking：And Pl(k-1)=1；
S22：Then the measurement equation and state equation of time domain channel parameter state variable are utilized, to LkIn all delay roads
The channel parameter in footpath carries out Kalman filtering, obtains estimateMore new estimation time domain channel coefficients vector
S23：Judge whether to have handled all frequency pilot signs, be to terminate tracking process, it is next if being handled without if
Frequency pilot sign, k=k+1, Lk=LK-1, return to S22.
Further, the detailed process of the step S3 is：
S31：Initialization constructs vectorial g [l]=0,0≤l≤K-1；Estimation time domain channel coefficients vector is averaged：Initialize iterations t=0；
S32：Find estimation time domain channel coefficients vectorPosition p where maximum, i.e.,：
S33：Renewal vector g andValue, i.e., element corresponding to the position p that last step obtains is added to the vectorial g of structure
In, while handleIn this position value reset, i.e.,WithMeanwhile if p=0, make
If position p ∈ { 1,2 ..., L-2 }, the left adjacent and right adjacent value of order is zero：
S34：Iterations adds 1：T=t+1, S32 is returned if t ＜ k, otherwise terminates algorithm, is asked using MRC algorithms
Go out to merge vector
A kind of combined detection system of Chirp spread spectrum communication systems, including：
LS-IM-KL channel estimation modules, for estimating accurate time domain channel parameter；
RAKE receiver module, for carrying out diversity merging to multipath energy；
The LS-IM-KL channel estimation modules include：
Least square method unit, for estimating time domain channel parameter；
AF panel unit, for strengthening signal to noise ratio, improve the identification of active path, reject empty warp, complete time domain to
The reconstruct of amount, show the openness of time domain channel；
Kalman filtering unit, for improving the degree of accuracy of channel estimation；
The RAKE receiver module includes：
Maximum-ratio combing unit, for being combined to multipath component diversity.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is：
The inventive method obtains the position of nonzero coefficient in time domain channel parameter by least square method combination AF panel
Set；Accurate estimation time domain is obtained by carrying out Kalman filtering to the channel parameter of all delay paths in location sets
Channel parameter；RAKE receiver obtains estimation channel time domain parameter, then according to maximum-ratio combing principle mulitpath component
It is combined；This method AF panel can effectively strengthen signal to noise ratio, help to judge the position of multipath component, in conjunction with most
Small square law and Kalman filtering can obtain accurate channel time domain parameter, then using maximum-ratio combing mulitpath
Component merges reduces the bit error rate to improve signal to noise ratio.The present invention has performance well in multipath channel, can effectively support
Anti-multipath jamming, there are certain values to the application in engineering.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 describes the block diagram of the invention applied in CSS communication systems；
Fig. 2 describes AF panel cell schematics of the present invention；
Fig. 3 describes LS-KF channel estimations flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 4 describes RAKE receiver model schematic of the present invention；
Fig. 5 describes the basic step of joint detection algorithm of the present invention.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing being given for example only property explanation, it is impossible to be interpreted as the limitation to this patent；
In order to more preferably illustrate the present embodiment, some parts of accompanying drawing have omission, zoomed in or out, and do not represent actual product
Size；
To those skilled in the art, it is to be appreciated that some known features and its explanation, which may be omitted, in accompanying drawing
's.
Technical scheme is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, receiving terminal of the joint-detection module of the present invention in Chirp spread spectrum systems, is that receiving terminal one must not
The important module that can lack, the quality of its performance are directly connected to the reliability of communication system, if the performance of detection module is not up to
To require can be so that whole communication system has the higher bit error rate, service quality degradation.The present invention is by LS-IM-KL channels
Estimation module and RAKE receiver module two large divisions composition.
The LS-IM-KL channel estimation modules have used AF panel, least square method, Kalman filtering.AF panel
Unit is as shown in Fig. 2 because related between pulse signal and white noise is orthogonal, the useful signal in each symbol period
Strengthened by coherent superposition, the speed of available signal power enhancing is more than the speed of noise power enhancing, therefore shows
Strengthen for signal to noise ratio, i.e., noise is suppressed.Least square method because simple in construction be easily achieved is widely used in practice,
Use for reference sliding window thought herein, at the same using coefficient correlation between Chirp signals it is low the advantages of, LS algorithms are transplanted to CSS and led to
In letter system, but LS algorithms are easily by influence of noise.Therefore in order to further improve the degree of accuracy of channel estimation method, with reference to
Kalman filtering.Kalman filtering algorithm describes system with state space method, is made up of state equation and measurement equation.
Kalman filtering observes data come the currency of estimated state variable with the estimate of preceding state and nearest one, and with shape
The form of the estimate of state variable provides.Before correlation being present using the change between the frequency pilot sign before and after channel time domain parameter
Put, the degree of accuracy of channel estimation is improved in the method for Kalman filtering.Referring to Fig. 3, it is LS-KF channel estimation flows
Figure.When carrying out LS-KL channel estimations, the location sets L of nonzero coefficient in pilot tone time domain channel parameter is first estimated by LSk,
Then Kalman filtering is carried out to the channel parameter of each active path.Idiographic flow is：Initialize frequency pilot sign and count k=1,
Initialize the location sets L, L of nonzero coefficient in time domain channel parameter0=Φ；For k-th frequency pilot sign, estimated using LS channels
Calculating method, obtain the location sets L of nonzero coefficient in time domain channel parameterk, that is, determine variable l value；Travel through location sets Lk
In all l value, the parameter of initialization l footpath Kalmans tracking：And Pl(k-1)=
1；Then the measurement equation and state equation of time domain channel parameter state variable are utilized, to LkIn all delay paths channel ginseng
Number carries out Kalman filtering, obtains estimateJudge whether to have handled all frequency pilot signs, be to terminate to track
Journey, if handling next frequency pilot sign, k=k+1, L without ifk=LK-1, return to previous step；When the research object of the present invention is not
Becoming channel, LS-KF has only carried out Kalman filtering operation to pilot tone, and in general, its computation complexity depends on LS algorithms,
And the complexity of LS algorithms is more then O (Q with complex multiplication number2), wherein Q is sub- Chirp chips number.
In wireless channel, for signal because multipath transmisstion characteristic can produce multipath component, delay spread can make transmission signal
Selective intensity is undergone, reception signal is embodied in and is formed by multiple amplitudes and the mutually different Signal averaging of phase, caused
The waveform of reception signal is difficult to be computed correctly, and very big influence is caused to systematic function.RAKE receivers can decline as resistance
Fall the adaptive receiver of multipath channel, RAKE receiver can carry out diversity merging to multipath energy, improve signal detection
Energy.The multipath signal of RAKE receiver capture must be the Orthogonal Composite that non-overlapping copies are shown as in time domain, and CSS communication systems
System has multi-path resolved ability well, meets this requirement well.As long as in the multiple components of the same pulse of receiving terminal two-by-two
Between time delay be more than the pulse duration, it is recognizable just to claim this two paths, i.e., multipath signal is separate.Therefore
RAKE reception techniques are highly suitable for associated detecting method of the present invention.Above-mentioned RAKE receiver module is as shown in figure 4, this literary grace
It is maximum-ratio combing principle, the implementation of maximum-ratio combing is multiplied by one not by the N roads unlike signal to diversity
Same coefficient, is the optimal selection in diversity and combining techniques, can be obtained relative to selection combining and equal gain combining best
Performance, performance boost can bring higher signal to noise ratio, and then bring the preferably bit error rate.
A kind of associated detecting method of Chirp spread spectrum communication systems of the present invention is mainly by LS-IM-KL channel estimation modules
Accurate channel time domain parameter is estimated by the pilot signal received, using MRC criterions RAKE receiver according to
The channel time domain parameter diversity that LS-IM-KL channel estimation modules estimate merges signal.Chirp spread spectrum communications of the present invention
The basic step of the associated detecting method of system is as shown in Figure 5.
Step S1：The position collection of nonzero coefficient in time domain channel parameter is obtained by least square method combination AF panel
Close；
S11：Initialize frequency pilot sign and count k=1, initialize the location sets L, L of nonzero coefficient in time domain channel parameter0
=Φ, initialization estimation time domain channel coefficients vector
S12：For k-th frequency pilot sign, using LS channel estimation methods, nonzero coefficient in time domain channel parameter is obtained
Location sets Lk, that is, determine variable l value.
Step S2：It is more accurate by being obtained to the channel parameter progress Kalman filtering of all delay paths in location sets
Estimation time domain channel parameter；
S21：Travel through location sets LkIn all l value, the parameter of initialization l footpath Kalmans tracking：And Pl(k-1)=1；
S22：Then the measurement equation and state equation of time domain channel parameter state variable are utilized, to LkIn all delay roads
The channel parameter in footpath carries out Kalman filtering, obtains estimateMore new estimation time domain channel coefficients vector
S23：Judge whether to have handled all frequency pilot signs, be to terminate tracking process, it is next if being handled without if
Frequency pilot sign, k=k+1, Lk=LK-1, return to S22.
Step S3：RAKE receiver obtains estimation channel time domain parameter, then according to maximum-ratio combing principle a plurality of road
Footpath component is combined.
S31：Initialization constructs vectorial g [l]=0,0≤l≤K-1；Estimation time domain channel coefficients vector is averaged：Initialize iterations t=0；
S32：Find estimation time domain channel coefficients vectorPosition p where maximum, i.e.,：
S33：Renewal vector g andValue, i.e., element corresponding to the position p that last step obtains is added to the vectorial g of structure
In, while handleIn this position value reset, i.e.,WithMeanwhile if p=0, make
If position p ∈ { 1,2 ..., L-2 }, the left adjacent and right adjacent value of order is zero：
S34：Iterations adds 1：T=t+1, S32 is returned if t ＜ k, otherwise terminates algorithm, is obtained using MRC algorithms
Merge vector
A kind of associated detecting method key of Chirp spread spectrum communication systems of the present invention is condition of sparse channel is reconstructed,
Only retain K value of maximum of which, remaining zero setting, wherein step S3 S3.3 is most important, i.e., since the first paths, often
Once find out estimation channel vectorAfter maximum, all by its consecutive value zero setting.Because the time between real channel path
Interval is typically larger than 1 sampled point, and interference can cause empty footpath to judge, therefore by its zero setting.
Same or analogous label corresponds to same or analogous part；
Position relationship is used for being given for example only property explanation described in accompanying drawing, it is impossible to is interpreted as the limitation to this patent；
Obviously, examples detailed above of the invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not to this
The restriction of the embodiment of invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, on the basis of the above description can be with
Make other changes in different forms.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all in this hair
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within bright spirit and principle etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention
Within protection domain.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of associated detecting method of Chirp spread spectrum communication systems, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1：The location sets of nonzero coefficient in time domain channel parameter are obtained by least square method combination AF panel；
S2：When obtaining accurate estimation by carrying out Kalman filtering to the channel parameter of all delay paths in location sets
Domain channel parameter；
S3：RAKE receiver obtains estimation channel time domain parameter, and then mulitpath component is closed according to maximum-ratio combing principle
And get up.
2. the associated detecting method of Chirp spread spectrum communication systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
S1 detailed process is：
S11：Initialize frequency pilot sign and count k=1, initialize the location sets L, L of nonzero coefficient in time domain channel parameter0=Φ,
Initialization estimation time domain channel coefficients vector
S12：For k-th frequency pilot sign, using LS channel estimation methods, the position of nonzero coefficient in time domain channel parameter is obtained
Set Lk, that is, determine variable l value.
3. the associated detecting method of Chirp spread spectrum communication systems according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the step
S2 detailed process is：
S21：Travel through location sets LkIn all l value, the parameter of initialization l footpath Kalmans tracking：And Pl(k-1)=1；
S22：Then the measurement equation and state equation of time domain channel parameter state variable are utilized, to LkIn all delay paths
Channel parameter carries out Kalman filtering, obtains estimateMore new estimation time domain channel coefficients vector
S23：Judge whether to have handled all frequency pilot signs, be to terminate tracking process, if handling next pilot tone without if
Symbol, k=k+1, Lk=LK-1, return to S22.
4. the associated detecting method of Chirp spread spectrum communication systems according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the step
S3 detailed process is：
S31：Initialization constructs vectorial g [l]=0,0≤l≤K-1；Estimation time domain channel coefficients vector is averaged：Just
Beginningization iterations t=0；
S32：Find estimation time domain channel coefficients vectorPosition p where maximum, i.e.,：
S33：Renewal vector g andValue, i.e., element corresponding to the position p that last step obtains is added in the vectorial g of structure,
Handle simultaneouslyIn this position value reset, i.e.,WithMeanwhile if p=0, makeIf position
P ∈ { 1,2 ..., L-2 } are put, the left adjacent and right adjacent value of order is zero：
S34：Iterations adds 1：T=t+1, returns to S32 if t ＜ k, otherwise terminates algorithm, and merging is obtained using MRC algorithms
Vector
5. a kind of system of the associated detecting method of application Chirp spread spectrum communication systems as claimed in claim 4, its feature exist
In, including：
LS-IM-KL channel estimation modules, for estimating accurate time domain channel parameter；
RAKE receiver module, for carrying out diversity merging to multipath energy；
The LS-IM-KL channel estimation modules include：
Least square method unit, for estimating time domain channel parameter；
AF panel unit, for strengthening signal to noise ratio, the identification of active path is improved, reject empty warp, complete time-domain vector
Reconstruct, shows the openness of time domain channel；
Kalman filtering unit, for improving the degree of accuracy of channel estimation；
The RAKE receiver module includes：
Maximum-ratio combing unit, for being combined to multipath component diversity.
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| CN110278018A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-24 | 北京松果电子有限公司 | Detection method, device and the storage medium and electronic equipment of maximum-ratio combing |
| CN110572337A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-13 | 重庆邮电大学 | Channel estimation and equalization method for Chirp modulation signal |
| EP4213453A4 (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2024-03-20 | Beijing Smartchip Microelectronics Tech Co Ltd | Linear frequency modulation communication system and channel estimation method and apparatus therefor, medium, and chip |
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