CN107728479A - A kind of biological phosphate-eliminating accuracy control method based on RBF neural - Google Patents
A kind of biological phosphate-eliminating accuracy control method based on RBF neural Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
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Abstract
A kind of biological phosphate-eliminating accuracy control method based on RBF neural, it is controlled for biological phosphate-eliminating in batch-type interval activated Sludge System, using air blower aeration quantity as controlled quentity controlled variable, water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration is controlled volume.RBF neural controller designed for control；X (t)=[x1(t),x2(t)]TFor the input of RBF neural controller, x1(t) it is t water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration set points and the error of actual value, x2(t) it is the rate of change of t water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration set points and actual value error.The present invention realizes the accurate control of biological phosphate-eliminating in sewage disposal process, improves the clearance of phosphorus, preferably improve effluent quality, while reduce dephosphorization cost using biological phosphate-eliminating controller is established based on RBF neural.Biological phosphate-eliminating accuracy control method based on RBF neural is applied to sewage disposal system, biological phosphate-eliminating is accurately controlled, both improves wastewater treatment efficiency, realizes On-line Control again, while reduce energy consumption and operating cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sewage treatment area, and more specifically, more particularly to a kind of biology based on RBF neural removes
Phosphorus accuracy control method.
Background technology
In recent years, one of the problem of body eutrophication is global water environment extensive concern.Entrusted according to international lake environment
There is the problem of eutrophication in can carry out one investigation of member, the lake in North America 48% and reservoir, in Asia and the Pacific Ocean
Area is up to 54%, and Europe also has 53%.The most of lakes in China are all faced with the problem of eutrophication to a certain extent, largely
Phosphorus into water body be considered as to cause one of principal element of body eutrophication, so as to cause Dissolved Oxygen in Water decline, water
The phenomenon of matter deterioration, fish and other biological mortality.Therefore reducing the discharge of Phosphorus in Municipal Water with Natural turns into control water
The key measure of body eutrophication.
To reach national sewage disposal discharge standard, the main method of sewage treatment plant's dephosphorization has biological phosphate-eliminating and chemistry to add
Medicine dephosphorization.Compared to chemical dosing dephosphorization, the economy and continuation of biological phosphate-eliminating are more preferable, are widely used in sewage disposal
Journey.Biological phosphate-eliminating is mainly separated phosphorus by microorganism from sewage, and poly- phosphorus microorganism is the main micro- of dephosphorization in BPR systems
Biology.Chemical dosing dephosphorization is by adding ionizable metal salt to aerobic zone end so as to produce precipitation, to reach the mesh of dephosphorization
, but caused chemical precipitation may result in the increase of sludge bulking index and the pollution of potential receiving water body.It is in addition, chemical
Precipitating sludge is due to by heavy metal pollution, being considered as not being suitable for the recovery of phosphorus.Therefore, biological phosphate-eliminating ability and effect are improved
Rate, contribute to the qualified discharge of phosphorus.
At present, sewage treatment process, by microbial degradation organic matter, is realized to pollutant mainly using aeration tank as core
Removal.Keep dissolved oxygen in Aerobic Pond to maintain the suitable concentration of microorganism growth, directly influence pollutant phosphorus and other
The removal of organic matter, water factory's processing cost is reduced while sewage disposal plant effluent phosphorus concentration compliance rate is improved.Biological phosphate-eliminating
Control mainly by controlling the influence factor of degree associated therewith, and the control of dissolved oxygen concentration is the principal element of biological phosphate-eliminating
One of.At present, Biological Phosphorus Removal Process is adjusted using artificial experience for most sewage treatment plant, its regulating effect and people
Factor relation it is close, Reliability comparotive is low and treatment effect cannot be guaranteed, but also can be due to that can not accomplish accurately to control
And causing energy waste, water outlet phosphorus concentration cannot ensure.PID control is then a kind of effective dephosphorization control device, but can not
Accomplish that real-time online adjusts, in the case where keeping three link parameter constants of system, to big time-varying, high non-linearity and by force
The sewage disposal process of the features such as coupling, PID control can not realize effective control.
The content of the invention
(1) technical problem
Therefore, how to solve the problems, such as that above-mentioned artificial experience and traditional PID control biological phosphate-eliminating method is present, into ability
Field technique personnel's urgent problem to be solved.
(2) technical scheme
The features such as sewage disposal process nonlinearity, strong coupling, time-varying, serious large time delay and uncertainty,
The present invention provides a kind of biological phosphate-eliminating accuracy control method based on RBF neural, by adjusting neural network parameter, improves
The disposal ability of neutral net, the nerve network controller designed for control are controlled, it is possible to increase the precision of control, surely
It is qualitative；Solve the problems, such as to be currently based on switch control and PID control adaptive ability is poor.
RBF is RBF Radial Basis Function abbreviation, and RBF neural is with its deep physiology
Basis, simply network structure, quick learning ability, excellent approximation capability are learned, in approximation to function, pattern-recognition, signal
The fields such as processing, System Discrimination have extensive use.Local directed complete set, mutually covering receive in RBF neural simulation human brain
Neural network structure, it is a kind of three layers of feedforward network with global approximation capability, has and approach any nonlinear characteristic, and
Have the characteristics that topological structure is compact and fast convergence rate.The present invention by the dephosphorization controller design based on RBF neural,
The concentration of water outlet total phosphorus is controlled, the accurate control of biological phosphate-eliminating is realized, improves the clearance of phosphorus, preferably improve water outlet water
Matter, while reduce dephosphorization cost.
Batch-type interval activated Sludge System is using the system of sequencing batch reactor progress sewage disposal, sequence
Row intermittent activated sludge process (abbreviation SBR) be it is a kind of by intermittent aerating mode come the activated sludge sewage disposal technology that runs,
Operationally carry out orderly and intermittently operated.The core of SBR technologies is sbr reactor pond, Chi Ji homogenizing, it is just heavy, biodegradable,
Two functions such as heavy are in a pond, no sludge recirculation system, have in the city that land used is nervous, sewage load is big and very high use valency
Value.
Air blower uses multistage high-speed formula air blower in the present invention, can be carried step by step by way of multi-stage impeller series connection
High blast.Aerator uses micro-hole aerator, can produce micro-bubble using micro-hole aerator so that gas liquid interfacial area
Greatly, coefficient of oxygen utilization is high.Micro-hole aerator is doped with adhesive using porous material, sinters disperser at high temperature, described
Porous material can use haydite, can also use coarse porcelain；The preferred phenolic resin of described adhesive.The disperser preferred diffusion
Plate, anemostat also can be selected, diffusion shell also can be selected.
Present invention employs following technical scheme and realize step：
It is controlled for biological phosphate-eliminating in batch-type interval activated Sludge System, using air blower aeration quantity as controlled quentity controlled variable,
Water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration is controlled volume.
(1) the RBF neural controller designed for control；X (t)=[x1(t),x2(t)]TFor RBF neural control
The input of device processed, x1(t) it is t water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration set points and the error of actual value, x2(t) it is t water outlet total phosphorus
The rate of change of TP concentration set points and actual value error；
1. initialize RBF neural controller：Determine neutral net 2-M-1 connected mode, i.e. input layer
For 2, hidden layer neuron is M, and M is the positive integer more than 2；Output layer neuron is 1；RBF nerve network controllers
The connection weight of input layer to hidden layer is 1, and the connection weight of hidden layer and output interlayer is carried out at random in the range of [0,1]
Assignment；The output of neutral net represents as follows：
Wherein, u (t) be t RBF neural controller output, wi(t) implied for RBF neural controller
The connection weight of i-th of neuron of layer and output layer, i=1,2 ..., M；fiIt is i-th of neuron of RBF neural hidden layer
Output, its calculation formula is：
fi(x (t))=exp (- | | x (t)-μi(t)||/(σi(t))2) (2)
Wherein, μi(t) t RBF neural controller i-th of neuronal center value of hidden layer, σ are representedi(t) t is represented
The center width of moment i-th of neuron of RBF neural controller hidden layer；
2. define the index J (t) of RBF neural controller
（3）
E (t)=r (t)-y (t) (4)
Wherein, e (t) is the error of t total phosphorus TP concentration, and r (t) is t total phosphorus TP concentration set points, and y (t) is t
Moment total phosphorus TP measured value；
3. the parameter of RBF neural controller is updated
wi(t+1)=wi(t)-η1Δwi(t) (6)
Wherein, Δ wi(t) connect for t i-th of neuron of RBF neural controller hidden layer and output layer neuron
Meet the correction of weights, wi(t+1) it is i-th neuron of RBF neural controller hidden layer and output layer nerve at t+1 moment
The connection weight of member；μi(t+1) t+1 moment RBF neural controllers i-th of neuronal center value of hidden layer, σ are representedi(t+
1) center width of t+1 moment RBF neural controller i-th of neuron of hidden layer is represented；η1For learning rate, η1∈(0,
1]；
4. the size of the object function of current time water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration is judged, if J (t)>0.01, then repeat step
③；If J (t)<0.01, then go to 1. output u (t) that step calculates RBF neural controller；
(2) concentration of water outlet phosphorus is controlled using the u (t) solved, u (t) is that t is that aeration quantity controls
Amount, the output of control system is actual water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration values.
The present invention realizes that biology removes in sewage disposal process using biological phosphate-eliminating controller is established based on RBF neural
The accurate control of phosphorus, the clearance of phosphorus is improved, preferably improves effluent quality, while reduce dephosphorization cost.It will be based on
The biological phosphate-eliminating accuracy control method of RBF neural is applied to sewage disposal system, biological phosphate-eliminating is accurately controlled, both
Wastewater treatment efficiency is improved, realizes On-line Control again, while reduce energy consumption and operating cost.
(3) beneficial effect
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. the present invention is one for current sewage disposal process has the characteristics that non-linear, close coupling, the mistake of big time-varying
Journey is, it is necessary to the concentration of water outlet phosphorus is controlled in a rational scope, but according to the existing control method of sewage treatment plant, hardly possible
To realize stable and be accurately controlled；Very strong adaptive and self-learning capability is had according to neutral net, devises RBF god
Through network controller, the On-line Control of total phosphorus is realized, there is the features such as stability is good, and real-time is good and control accuracy is high.
2. the present invention realizes the accurate control of biological phosphate-eliminating in sewage disposal process, solution by RBF neural controller
The problem of nonlinear system of having determined is difficult to control, realize the real-time accurate control of total phosphorus ligands；At the sewage for solving complexity
Reason process only relies on solution artificial experience and realizes control problem, has the features such as energy consumption is low, simple in construction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is nerve network controller structure chart of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is RBF neural network structure of the present invention, Fig. 3
It is the result figure of total phosphorus control of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention provides a kind of biological phosphate-eliminating accuracy control method based on RBF neural, this method is to pass through base
The control problem in sewage disposal process is solved in the method that gradient declines；After being controlled by this method, water outlet total phosphorus
Concentration reaches requirement, solves the problems, such as that phosphorus concentration is difficult to accurately control in sewage disposal process, improves the control of biological phosphate-eliminating
Precision processed；Meanwhile the stability of sewage disposal process is ensured and has realized On-line Control.
The automation technolo control process such as following steps of batch-type interval activated Sludge System：
1st, the culture and domestication of activated sludge.
(1) take built sewage activated sludge or be strain with soil bacteria, trained in sbr reactor device by nutrition of sanitary sewage
Support activated sludge.
(2) culturing sludge initial stage, daily vexed exposure 22h, 2h is stood, the waste water of draining 1/3, adds fresh wastewater.
(3) such as find that sludge is in yellowish-brown after cultivating a couple of days, flocculation and sedimentation function are good, and supernatant is as clear as crystal, mud
Water termination is clear, and microscopy zoogloea is closely knit, and biofacies enriches, and illustrates that sludge has cultivated success.
2nd, open computer and each stage control time is set, start PLC control program.
3rd, raw water is sent into reactor by water pump, reaches termination of pumping (being controlled by level relay) after design water level.
4th, open air valve to start to be aerated, stop aeration after reaching the setting ground time, close air valve.
5th, the mixed liquor in reactor starts quiet heavy, and after reaching the setting quiet heavy time, valve I is opened water decanter and started working,
Discharge the supernatant in reactor.
6th, water decanter is stopped, and reactor is in the idle stage.
7th, prepare to proceed by next work period.
A kind of biological phosphate-eliminating accuracy control method based on RBF neural, for above-mentioned batch-type interval activated sludge
Biological phosphate-eliminating is controlled in system, and using air blower aeration quantity as controlled quentity controlled variable, water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration is controlled volume, control structure
Figure such as Fig. 1；
(1) the RBF neural controller designed for control；X (t)=[x1(t),x2(t)]TFor RBF neural control
The input of device processed, x1(t) it is t water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration set points and the error of actual value, x2(t) it is t water outlet total phosphorus
The rate of change of TP concentration set points and actual value error；
1. initialize RBF neural controller：Determine neutral net 2-M-1 connected mode, i.e. input layer
For 2, hidden layer neuron is 10；Output layer neuron is 1；RBF neural controller input layer is to hidden layer
Connection weight is 1, and the connection weight of hidden layer and output interlayer carries out random assignment in the range of [0,1]；RBF neural
Structure such as Fig. 2, it, which is exported, represents as follows：
Wherein, u (t) be t RBF neural controller output, wi(t) implied for RBF neural controller
The connection weight of i-th of neuron of layer and output layer, i=1,2 ..., M；fiIt is i-th of neuron of RBF neural hidden layer
Output, its calculation formula is：
fi(x (t))=exp (- | | x (t)-μi(t)||/(σi(t))2) (10)
Wherein, μi(t) t RBF neural controller i-th of neuronal center value of hidden layer, σ are representedi(t) t is represented
The center width of moment i-th of neuron of RBF neural controller hidden layer.
2. define the index J (t) of RBF neural controller
E (t)=r (t)-y (t) (12)
Wherein, e (t) is the error of t total phosphorus TP concentration, and r (t) is t total phosphorus TP concentration set points, and y (t) is t
Moment total phosphorus TP measured value.
3. the parameter of RBF neural controller is updated
wi(t+1)=wi(t)-η1Δwi(t) (14)
Wherein, Δ wi(t) connect for t i-th of neuron of RBF neural controller hidden layer and output layer neuron
Meet the correction of weights, wi(t+1) it is i-th neuron of RBF neural controller hidden layer and output layer nerve at t+1 moment
The connection weight of member；μi(t+1) t+1 moment RBF neural controllers i-th of neuronal center value of hidden layer, σ are representedi(t+
1) center width of t+1 moment RBF neural controller i-th of neuron of hidden layer is represented；η1For learning rate, η1∈(0,
1]；
4. the size of the object function of current time water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration is judged, if J (t)>0.01, then repeat step
③；If J (t)<0.01, then go to 1. output u (t) that step calculates RBF neural controller.
(2) biological phosphate-eliminating is controlled using the u (t) solved, u (t) is that t is aeration quantity i.e. controlled quentity controlled variable, control
The output of system processed is actual water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration values.
Analyzed based on Beijing's large-scale wastewater treatment plant service data, the sewage treatment plant daily handles water and is
100 ten thousand steres, it is sanitary sewage and trade effluent to enter water water source, using A2/ O techniques carry out sewage disposal, technological process rule
Model, stably.Process variable is easily surveyed by the on-line checking instrument collection for being placed in technique scene, collectable parameter includes 10
Kind：(the ORP of oxidation-reduction potential 11), (DO of dissolved oxygen 11), (DO of dissolved oxygen 22), total dissoluble solid (TSS), redox
(the ORP of current potential 22), pH, temperature, ammonia nitrogen (NH4- N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3- N), enter water total phosphorus, water outlet total phosphorus.
Simulation result real data brought into the formula of RBF neural controller is as shown in figure 3, i.e. Fig. 3 is shown
The control effect figure of system total phosphorus, X-axis：Time, unit are time/days, Y-axis：The concentration of water outlet phosphorus, unit are mg/litres, real
Line is water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration values, and dotted line is into water total phosphorus concentration value；As a result prove that this method is effective, disclosure satisfy that reality
Demand.Test result indicates that this method possesses more preferable dynamic response capability, adaptive ability, the accurate control of biological phosphate-eliminating is realized
System, reduces the concentration of water outlet total phosphorus, improves effluent quality.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and anyone can draw other various shapes under the enlightenment of the present invention
The product of formula.All equivalent changes and modifications done according to scope of the present invention patent, it should all belong to the covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. biological phosphate-eliminating accuracy control method based on RBF neural, it is characterised in that：For batch-type interval activity Biological phosphate-eliminating is controlled in sludge system, and using air blower aeration quantity as controlled quentity controlled variable, water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration is controlled volume；Air blower uses multistage high-speed formula air blower, can improve blast step by step by way of multi-stage impeller series connection；Aerator uses micro-hole aerator, and micro-hole aerator is doped with adhesive using porous material, sintered at high temperature Disperser, the porous material can use haydite, can also use coarse porcelain；The preferred phenolic resin of described adhesive；The expansion It is in bulk to put preferred diffusion plate, anemostat also can be selected, diffusion shell also can be selected.
- 2. a kind of biological phosphate-eliminating accuracy control method based on RBF neural according to claim 1, its feature exist In：RBF neural controller designed for control；X (t)=[x1(t),x2(t)]TFor RBF neural controller Input, x1(t) it is t water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration set points and the error of actual value, x2(t) it is t water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration The rate of change of setting value and actual value error.
- 3. a kind of biological phosphate-eliminating accuracy control method based on RBF neural according to claim 2, its feature exist In：The step of realizing of the RBF neural controller for controlling is：1. initialize RBF neural controller：Neutral net 2-M-1 connected mode is determined, i.e. input layer is 2 Individual, hidden layer neuron is M, and M is the positive integer more than 2；Output layer neuron is 1；RBF neural controller inputs The connection weight of layer to hidden layer is 1, and the connection weight of hidden layer and output interlayer carries out random assignment in the range of [0,1]； The output of neutral net represents as follows：Wherein, u (t) be t RBF neural controller output, wi(t) it is RBF neural controller hidden layer i-th The connection weight of individual neuron and output layer, i=1,2 ..., M；fiIt is the defeated of i-th of neuron of RBF neural hidden layer Go out, its calculation formula is：fi(x (t))=exp (- | | x (t)-μi(t)||/(σi(t))2) (2)Wherein, μi(t) t RBF neural controller i-th of neuronal center value of hidden layer, σ are representedi(t) t is represented The center width of RBF neural controller i-th of neuron of hidden layer；2. define the index J (t) of RBF neural controller（3）E (t)=r (t)-y (t) (4)Wherein, e (t) is the error of t total phosphorus TP concentration, and r (t) is t total phosphorus TP concentration set points, and y (t) is t Total phosphorus TP measured values；3. the parameter of RBF neural controller is updatedwi(t+1)=wi(t)-η1Δwi(t) (6)Wherein, Δ wi(t) it is t i-th of neuron of RBF neural controller hidden layer and output layer neuron connection weight The correction of value, wi(t+1) it is i-th neuron of RBF neural controller hidden layer and output layer neuron at t+1 moment Connection weight；μi(t+1) t+1 moment RBF neural controllers i-th of neuronal center value of hidden layer, σ are representedi(t+1) table Show the center width of t+1 moment RBF neural controller i-th of neuron of hidden layer；η1For learning rate, η1∈(0,1]；4. the size of the object function of current time water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration is judged, if J (t)>0.01, then repeat step is 3.； If J (t)<0.01, then go to 1. output u (t) that step calculates RBF neural controller.
- 4. a kind of biological phosphate-eliminating accuracy control method based on RBF neural according to claim 3, its feature exist In：The concentration of water outlet phosphorus is controlled using the u (t) solved, u (t) is that t is aeration quantity i.e. controlled quentity controlled variable, control system The output of system is actual water outlet total phosphorus TP concentration values.
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| CN112250161B (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2023-05-30 | 盐城工学院 | Self-adaptive potential controller of microbial electrolysis cell for azo wastewater treatment and control method thereof |
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