CN107710528A - The variable grid laser of fast tunable - Google Patents
The variable grid laser of fast tunable Download PDFInfo
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- CN107710528A CN107710528A CN201580080800.1A CN201580080800A CN107710528A CN 107710528 A CN107710528 A CN 107710528A CN 201580080800 A CN201580080800 A CN 201580080800A CN 107710528 A CN107710528 A CN 107710528A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
- H01S5/065—Mode locking; Mode suppression; Mode selection ; Self pulsating
Abstract
A kind of variable grid laser of fast tunable, including：Active cavity (101), silica-based waveguides (102), micro-loop waveguide (103) and the multiple-mode interfence MMI couplers (104) being affixed on substrate.Active cavity (101) includes emitting cavity (1011) and phase regulating area PMR (1012).Silica-based waveguides (102) include upper waveguide (1021) and lower waveguide (1022).Outer room is provided with PN junction in the ring of micro-loop waveguide (103).Wherein, the output end cascade phase modulation area PMR (1012) of emitting cavity (1011) input, phase regulating area PMR (1012) the upper waveguide (1021) of output end cascade, micro-loop waveguide (103) is arranged between waveguide (1021) and lower waveguide (1022), the input of the output end cascade multiple-mode interfence MMI couplers (104) of lower waveguide (1022), the second output end cascaded lenses coupling end face of multiple-mode interfence MMI couplers (104).The variable grid laser of this fast tunable realizes the wavelength fine tuning with external modulation signal respective frequencies granularity, improves the utilization ratio of fiber bandwidth resource.
Description
The present embodiments relate to the variable grid lasers of semi-conductor photoelectronic technology more particularly to a kind of fast tunable.
In current light transmission or exchange network technology, tunable laser (Tunable Lasers, abbreviation TL) has the function of important；Wavelength needed for the TL can export according to the control information transmitting terminal, TL can realize any tuning within biggish wave-length coverage.Existing switching technology includes: electricity exchange and light exchange；Wherein, light exchange has the advantage of large capacity and low-power consumption, optical path alignment can be divided into and with optical burst swit- ching (Optical Burst Switching, abbreviation OBS), optical packet switching (Optical Packet Switching, abbreviation OPS) be representative full photon wavelength exchange.Realize full photon wavelength switching technology dependent on a series of Primary Component technology in OBS, OPS optical-fiber network, such as fast optical switch, array waveguide grating (Array Waveguide Grating, abbreviation AWG), fast tunable laser (Fast Tunable Lasers, abbreviation FTL) etc..
At present there are mainly three types of FTL: sampling grating distributed bragg reflector mirror (Sampling Grating Distributed Bragg Reflector, abbreviation SG-DBR) laser, modulated grating Y type (Modulating Grating-Y branch, abbreviation MG-Y) laser and digital super model distributed bragg reflector mirror (Digital Super-mode Distributed Bragg Reflector, abbreviation DS-DBR) laser；The Tuning Principle of above-mentioned three kinds of lasers is by changing the method for Injection Current the carrier concentration in frequency selecting by grating area to be changed, and causes variations in refractive index, changes so as to cause optical grating reflection wavelength, the lasing frequency of final laser changes.But the minimum wavelength interval that existing three kinds of FTL lasers are capable of providing is 50GHz, in the structure of existing fixed-grid (Fix-Grid), such as when only transmitting 10Gbps signal, it is also desirable to using the wavelength interval of 50GHz, therefore, the waste of fiber bandwidth resource is caused.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of variable grid laser of fast tunable, realizes the wavelength fine tuning with the external modulation signal respective frequencies granularity, so that variable grid laser can be maximum
Bandwidth resources are utilized to degree, improve the utilization efficiency of fiber bandwidth resource.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of variable grid laser of fast tunable, comprising:
Active cavity, silica-based waveguides, micro-loop waveguide and the multiple-mode interfence MMI coupler being affixed on substrate, the active cavity include: emitting cavity and phase regulating area PMR；The silica-based waveguides include: upper waveguide and lower waveguide；Outer room is equipped with PN junction in the ring of the micro-loop waveguide；Wherein, the output end of the emitting cavity cascades the input terminal of the PMR, the output end of the PMR cascades the upper waveguide, the micro-loop waveguide is set between the upper waveguide and the lower waveguide, the output end of the lower waveguide cascades the input terminal of the MMI coupler, first output end of the MMI coupler cascades the input terminal of the emitting cavity, and the second output terminal cascaded lenses of the MMI coupler couple end face；
Wherein, the emitting cavity for realizing predeterminated frequency interval tuned-primary；
The PMR is used for the external modulation signal according to input, is modulated to the light carrier of emitting cavity output, generates the first modulated optical signal comprising carrier frequency and side frequency；
The upper waveguide is used to first modulated optical signal being transmitted to the micro-loop waveguide；
The micro-loop waveguide is used to be adjusted the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide by the input current for tuning the PN junction, and target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal；
The lower waveguide is used to for the target side frequency signal being transmitted to the input terminal of the MMI coupler；
First output end of the MMI coupler is used to the target side frequency signal feeding back to the emitting cavity, the target side frequency signal makes the emitting cavity generate target light carrier identical with the frequency of the target side frequency signal as the key light in backlash；The second output terminal of the MMI coupler is used for the target light carrier-wave transmission to the Lens Coupling end face.
With reference to first aspect, in the first possible implementation of the first aspect, the emitting cavity includes: tail grating, gain region, phase region and preceding grating；Wherein, the output end of the tail grating cascades the input terminal of the gain region, the output end of the gain region cascades the input terminal of the phase region, the output end of the phase region cascades the input terminal of the preceding grating, and the output end of the preceding grating cascades the input terminal of the PMR；Wherein, output end of the output end of the preceding grating as the emitting cavity, input terminal of the input terminal of the tail grating as the emitting cavity.
With reference to first aspect or the first possible implementation of first aspect, in the second possible implementation of the first aspect, the micro-loop waveguide is specifically used for: tuning the input current of the PN junction, occurs that the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide partially according to free carrier dispersion FCD effect
It moves；Target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal according to the filter window after shifting.
With reference to first aspect, the first or second of any possible implementation of first aspect, in a third possible implementation of the first aspect, the upper waveguide are straight wave guide, and the lower waveguide is U-shaped waveguide.
With reference to first aspect, the first of first aspect is to the third any possible implementation, and in a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, the electrode of the PMR is connected to high frequency clock electric signal.
With reference to first aspect, the first of first aspect is to the 4th kind of any possible implementation, in the fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, the emitting cavity realizes that wavelength granularity is the coarseness tuned-primary of 50GHz or 100GHz by way of current look-up table.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of fast tunable method of variable grid laser, and the variable grid laser includes: the active cavity being affixed on substrate, silica-based waveguides, micro-loop waveguide and multiple-mode interfence MMI coupler；The active cavity includes: emitting cavity and phase regulating area PMR；The silica-based waveguides include: upper waveguide and lower waveguide；Outer room is equipped with PN junction in the ring of the micro-loop waveguide；The output end of the emitting cavity cascades the input terminal of the PMR, the output end of the PMR cascades the upper waveguide, the micro-loop waveguide is set between the upper waveguide and the lower waveguide, the output end of the lower waveguide cascades the input terminal of the MMI coupler, first output end of the MMI coupler cascades the input terminal of the emitting cavity, and the second output terminal cascaded lenses of the MMI coupler couple end face；The described method includes:
The emitting cavity carries out the tuned-primary at predeterminated frequency interval, and by the optical signal transmission after tuning to the PMR；
The PMR is modulated according to the light carrier that the external modulation signal of input exports the emitting cavity, generates the first modulated optical signal comprising carrier frequency and side frequency, and first modulated optical signal is transmitted to the micro-loop waveguide by the upper waveguide；
The micro-loop waveguide is adjusted the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide by tuning the input current of the PN junction, target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal, and the target side frequency signal is passed through into the lower waveguide transmission to the input terminal of the MMI coupler；
The target side frequency signal is fed back to the emitting cavity by the first output end of the MMI coupler by the MMI coupler, the target side frequency signal as the key light in backlash,
The emitting cavity is set to generate target light carrier identical with the frequency of the target side frequency signal；The MMI coupler is by the second output terminal of the MMI coupler by the target light carrier-wave transmission to the Lens Coupling end face.
In conjunction with second aspect, in the first possible implementation of the second aspect, the micro-loop waveguide is adjusted the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide by tuning the input current of the PN junction, determines that target side frequency signal includes: from first modulated optical signal
The micro-loop waveguide makes the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide shift by the input current of the tuning PN junction according to free carrier dispersion FCD effect；And target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal according to the filter window after shifting.
In conjunction with the possible implementation of the first of second aspect or second aspect, in a second possible implementation of the second aspect, the emitting cavity carries out the tuned-primary at predeterminated frequency interval, comprising:
The emitting cavity realizes that wavelength granularity is the coarseness tuned-primary of 50GHz or 100GHz by way of current look-up table.
The variable grid laser of fast tunable in the present invention, comprising: active cavity, silica-based waveguides, micro-loop waveguide and the multiple-mode interfence MMI coupler being affixed on substrate, the active cavity include: emitting cavity and phase regulating area PMR；The silica-based waveguides include: upper waveguide and lower waveguide；Outer room is equipped with PN junction in the ring of the micro-loop waveguide；Wherein, the output end of the emitting cavity cascades the input terminal of the PMR, the output end of the PMR cascades the upper waveguide, the micro-loop waveguide is set between the upper waveguide and the lower waveguide, the output end of the lower waveguide cascades the input terminal of the MMI coupler, first output end of the MMI coupler cascades the input terminal of the emitting cavity, and the second output terminal cascaded lenses of the MMI coupler couple end face；Wherein, the emitting cavity for realizing predeterminated frequency interval tuned-primary；The PMR is used for the external modulation signal according to input, is modulated to the light carrier of emitting cavity output, generates the first modulated optical signal comprising carrier frequency and side frequency；The upper waveguide is used to first modulated optical signal being transmitted to the micro-loop waveguide；The micro-loop waveguide is used to be adjusted the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide by the input current for tuning the PN junction, and target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal；The lower waveguide is used to for the target side frequency signal being transmitted to the input terminal of the MMI coupler；First output end of the MMI coupler is used to the target side frequency signal feeding back to the emitting cavity, the target side frequency signal makes the emitting cavity generate target light carrier identical with the frequency of the target side frequency signal as the key light in backlash；The second output terminal of the MMI coupler is used for the target light
Carrier-wave transmission is to the Lens Coupling end face；Realize the wavelength fine tuning (realizing variable grid laser) with the external modulation signal respective frequencies granularity, to which variable grid laser can farthest utilize bandwidth resources, the waste for avoiding fiber bandwidth resource improves the utilization efficiency of fiber bandwidth resource；Simultaneously during quick fine tuning, the frequency stabilization performance of laser can be kept.
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, a brief description of the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be given below, apparently, drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the variable grid laser embodiments one of fast tunable of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the variable grid laser embodiments two of fast tunable of the present invention；
Fig. 3 A is local edge frequency component schematic diagram of the light through generating after PMR phase-modulation that emitting cavity issues；
Fig. 3 B is the emulation schematic diagram of corresponding diagram 3A；
Fig. 3 C is the local edge frequency component schematic diagram after micro-loop guide filter；
Fig. 3 D is the emulation schematic diagram of corresponding diagram 3C；
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram of the fast tunable embodiment of the method one of variable grid laser of the present invention.
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The smallest wavelength interval that existing three kinds of FTL technologies are capable of providing is for 50GHz (as fixed-grid), and in order to adapt to the growth requirement of future resiliaicy optical-fiber network and preferably increase bandwidth of an optical fiber utilization rate, need to propose optical-fiber network (Flex-Grid Optical Networks) technology of variable grid, such as
Variable grid (Flex-Grid) is 6.25GHz, 12.5GHz, 37.5GHz, 62.5GHz, 75GHz, 87.25GHz (multiple of 6.25GHz) etc., then needs one to may be implemented to be fine to the laser of optical sender of 6.25GHz frequency interval.
On the other hand, realize full photon wavelength switching technology dependent on a series of Primary Component, such as fast optical switch, AWG, FTL etc. in OBS, OPS optical-fiber network.Wherein, the purposes of FTL is very extensive, can be applied to transmitting terminal, intermediate network node, receiving end etc..And the laser of nanoscale fast tunable is also needed in following scene: 1) in the OBS network with Wavelength Assignment RX path, according to the difference of destination node, the FTL of originator is modulated the signal on different light carriers, and signal can be according to the wavelength transmission of distribution to corresponding node；2) at the intermediate switching node, different light can be happened suddenly (Optical Burst, abbreviation OB) signal modulation to different wave length by FTL, and exchange is completed in lambda router (such as AWG)；3) in receiving end, FTL can be used as the local oscillator laser of high-speed burst coherent optical communication receiver.
In conjunction with two above feature, future network need Nano grade tuning speed and also the smallest tuning precision 6.25GHz-Grid (or smaller grid) tunable laser.Therefore, the invention proposes a kind of micro-structures of the variable grid laser of fast tunable；Optionally, the variable grid laser is realized by emitting cavity using 50GHz or 100GHz as the coarse tuning of wavelength interval；Further, phase regulating area PMR is modulated the light carrier of emitting cavity output, generates the first modulated optical signal comprising carrier frequency and side frequency according to the external modulation signal of input；Further, micro-loop waveguide is adjusted the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide by tuning the input current of the PN junction, and target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal；Further, the target side frequency signal is fed back to the emitting cavity by the first output end of the MMI coupler, change the optical signal frequency that the emitting cavity generates will pass through backlash, to realize the wavelength fine tuning with the external modulation signal respective frequencies granularity.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the variable grid laser embodiments one of fast tunable of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, the variable grid laser of the fast tunable of the present embodiment may include: the active cavity 101 being affixed on substrate, silica-based waveguides 102, micro-loop waveguide 103 and multiple-mode interfence MMI coupler 104, and the active cavity 101 includes: emitting cavity 1011 and phase regulating area PMR 1012；The silica-based waveguides 102 include: upper waveguide 1021 and lower waveguide 1022；Outer room is equipped with PN junction in the ring of the micro-loop waveguide 103；Wherein, the output end of the emitting cavity 1011 cascades the input terminal of the PMR 1012, and the output end of the PMR 1012 cascades the upper waveguide 1021, the micro-loop waveguide
103 are set between the upper waveguide 1021 and the lower waveguide 1022, the output end of the lower waveguide 1022 cascades the input terminal of the MMI coupler 104, first output end of the MMI coupler 104 cascades the input terminal of the emitting cavity 1011, and the second output terminal cascaded lenses of the MMI coupler couple end face；
Wherein, the emitting cavity for realizing predeterminated frequency interval tuned-primary；
The PMR is used for the external modulation signal according to input, is modulated to the light carrier of emitting cavity output, generates the first modulated optical signal comprising carrier frequency and side frequency；
The upper waveguide is used to first modulated optical signal being transmitted to the micro-loop waveguide；
The micro-loop waveguide is used to be adjusted the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide by the input current for tuning the PN junction, and target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal；
The lower waveguide is used to for the target side frequency signal being transmitted to the input terminal of the MMI coupler；
First output end of the MMI coupler is used to the target side frequency signal feeding back to the emitting cavity, the target side frequency signal makes the emitting cavity generate target light carrier identical with the frequency of the target side frequency signal as the key light in backlash；The second output terminal of the MMI coupler is used for the target light carrier-wave transmission to the Lens Coupling end face.
The variable grid laser of fast tunable in the embodiment of the present invention, it may include: active cavity 101, silica-based waveguides 102, micro-loop waveguide 103 and the multiple-mode interfence MMI coupler 104 being affixed on substrate；The active cavity 101 includes: (optionally, the coarseness tuned-primary that the emitting cavity 1011 can realize wavelength granularity as 50GHz or 100GHz of emitting cavity 1011 for realizing the tuned-primary at predeterminated frequency interval；Optionally, the emitting cavity realizes that wavelength granularity is the coarseness tuned-primary of 50GHz or 100GHz by way of current look-up table；Optionally, each wavelength corresponds respectively to 4 groups of gain region electric current, phase-section current, preceding grating region electric current and tail grating region electric current current values, one current look-up table of each corresponding 4 groups of current values formation of wavelength), and phase regulating area PMR 1012 is (optionally, the PMR is used for the external modulation signal according to input, the light carrier of emitting cavity output is modulated, the first modulated optical signal comprising carrier frequency and side frequency is generated；Optionally, the electrode of the PMR is connected to high frequency clock electric signal, i.e., the described external modulation signal is the high frequency clock electric signal；Optionally, the frequency of the external modulation signal can realize that the minimum particle size of tuning is configured as needed, such as if it is desired to realize that minimum particle size is the tuning of 6.25GHz, then the external modulation signal is necessarily arranged to 6.25GHz)；Optionally, the emitting cavity 1011 and the PMR 1012
The III-V material that indium phosphide (Indium Phosphorus, abbreviation InP) substrate can be used is prepared by epitaxial growth, is integrated in silicon-based substrate by die bonding technique；The silica-based waveguides 102 include: upper waveguide 1021 and lower waveguide 1022 (optionally, the upper waveguide is straight wave guide, and the lower waveguide is U-shaped waveguide)；In the ring of the micro-loop waveguide 103 outer room be equipped with PN junction (doped semiconductor area P+ is buried in the ring of optionally, the micro-loop waveguide, accordingly, the outer buried N+doped semiconductor area of the ring of the micro-loop waveguide；Alternatively, burying the doped semiconductor area P+, accordingly, buried N+doped semiconductor area in the ring of the micro-loop waveguide outside the ring of the micro-loop waveguide；In the embodiment of the present invention, it is described in detail by taking the latter as an example), indirect electrooptic effect is realized will pass through PN junction, pass through free carrier effect of dispersion (Free Carrier Dispersion, abbreviation FCD) change the refractive index of the micro-loop waveguide 103 (wherein, the speed for adjusting the refractive index of micro-loop waveguide by FCD effect is very fast, can be Nano grade), to quickly tune the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide 103；Wherein, the output end of the emitting cavity 1011 cascades the input terminal of the PMR 1012, the output end of the PMR 1012 is cascaded for first modulated optical signal to be transmitted to the upper waveguide 1021, the micro-loop waveguide 103 is set between the upper waveguide 1021 and the lower waveguide 1022, the micro-loop waveguide is used to be adjusted (filter window of the i.e. described micro-loop waveguide shifts) to the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide by the input current for tuning the PN junction, target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal (optionally, the free spectral range FSR of the micro-loop waveguide is consistent with the frequency of the external modulation signal, such as 50GHz or 100GHz)；The output end of the lower waveguide 1022 cascades the input terminal of the MMI coupler 104, first output end of the MMI coupler 104 cascades the input terminal of the emitting cavity 1011, the lower waveguide is used to for the target side frequency signal being transmitted to the input terminal of the MMI coupler, first output end of the MMI coupler is used to the target side frequency signal feeding back to the emitting cavity, the emitting cavity is set to generate target light carrier identical with the frequency of the target side frequency signal will pass through backlash (the target side frequency signal as the key light in backlash), further, the target light carrier passes through active cavity, silica-based waveguides and micro-loop waveguide are directly transferred to the MMI coupler, the second output terminal of the MMI coupler is by the target light carrier-wave transmission To the Lens Coupling end face, to realize the wavelength fine tuning with the external modulation signal respective frequencies granularity.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the light carrier that the emitting cavity 1011 issues is (optionally, the frequency of the light carrier can be 50GHz or 100GHz) it is transmitted to the PMR 1012, the PMR 1012 carries the light of emitting cavity output according to externally input external modulation signal (such as 6.25GHz)
Wave is modulated, and generates the first modulated optical signal (being divided into the corresponding frequency values of the external modulation signal, such as 6.25GHz between optionally, in the carrier frequency and the multiple side frequency between any two adjacent frequency components) comprising carrier frequency and multiple side frequencys；Further, first modulated optical signal is transmitted to the micro-loop waveguide 103 by the upper waveguide 1021, due to being the doped semiconductor area P+ and the doped semiconductor area N+ (forming PN junction) respectively inside and outside the ring of the micro-loop waveguide 103 (when there is no electric current by the PN junction, the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide 103 is fixed on the corresponding window of 50GHz or 100GHz as defined in the normal structure (ITU-T) of International Telecommunication Union), Injection Current by tuning PN junction can tune the refractive index of the micro-loop waveguide 103, to make the effective cavity length of the micro-loop waveguide 103 change, the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide 103 shifts, to rapidly determine a target side frequency signal from first modulated optical signal；Further, the target side frequency signal is transmitted to the MMI coupler 104 by the lower waveguide 1022, the target side frequency signal is fed back to the emitting cavity by the first output end of the MMI coupler, using will pass through backlash (the target side frequency signal as the key light in backlash) so that the emitting cavity is generated identical with the frequency of target side frequency signal target light carrier (frequency of the target light carrier of the i.e. described emitting cavity generation offsets by the corresponding frequency values of the external modulation signal than the optical carrier frequency that generated originally, such as 6.25GHz), further, the target light carrier passes through active cavity, silica-based waveguides and micro-loop waveguide are directly transferred to the MMI coupler, the second output terminal of the MMI coupler is by the target light carrier-wave transmission to institute State Lens Coupling end face, realize the wavelength fine tuning (realizing variable grid laser) with the external modulation signal respective frequencies granularity, to which variable grid laser can farthest utilize bandwidth resources, the waste for avoiding fiber bandwidth resource improves the utilization efficiency of fiber bandwidth resource；In addition, since first modulated optical signal is that PMR according to externally input external modulation signal is modulated generation, side frequency in first modulated optical signal is the frequency spectrum shift (performance that the wavelength stability of the i.e. described side frequency directly replicates laser carrier frequency) of laser carrier frequency, therefore, during quick fine tuning, the frequency stabilization performance of laser can be kept.
Optionally, the micro-loop waveguide is specifically used for: tuning the input current of the PN junction, so that the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide is shifted according to free carrier dispersion FCD effect；Target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal according to the filter window after shifting.
In the embodiment of the present invention, by tuning the input current of the PN junction, the refractive index of the micro-loop waveguide is tuned according to free carrier dispersion FCD effect, to make the effective of the micro-loop waveguide
Change of cavity length, then the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide shifts；And then target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal according to the filter window after shifting.Optionally, an electrode is respectively set in the doped semiconductor area P+ and the doped semiconductor area N+, and the input current of the PN junction is tuned by the electrode.
Further, if desired the offset (multiple of such as 6.25GHz) of other frequencies is realized, the size of current that the PN junction in the micro-loop waveguide is then flowed through by tuning can be realized, by adjust flow through as described in PN junction electric current can change as described in micro-loop waveguide refractive index size, wherein, when curent change is bigger, then variations in refractive index is bigger, effective cavity length variation is bigger, then the filter window offset of micro-loop waveguide is bigger, so as to filter out farther target side frequency, such as 12.5Ghz, 25GHz etc.；Further, the farther target side frequency signal is fed back to the emitting cavity by the first output end of the coupler, the target side frequency signal makes the emitting cavity generate target light carrier identical with the frequency of the target side frequency signal as the key light in backlash；The second output terminal of the MMI coupler is used for the target light carrier-wave transmission to the Lens Coupling end face；To realize the wavelength fine tuning (realizing variable grid laser) with the external modulation signal respective frequencies granularity.
The variable grid laser of fast tunable in the embodiment of the present invention, comprising: active cavity, silica-based waveguides, micro-loop waveguide and the multiple-mode interfence MMI coupler being affixed on substrate, the active cavity include: emitting cavity and phase regulating area PMR；The silica-based waveguides include: upper waveguide and lower waveguide；Outer room is equipped with PN junction in the ring of the micro-loop waveguide；Wherein, the output end of the emitting cavity cascades the input terminal of the PMR, the output end of the PMR cascades the upper waveguide, the micro-loop waveguide is set between the upper waveguide and the lower waveguide, the output end of the lower waveguide cascades the input terminal of the MMI coupler, first output end of the MMI coupler cascades the input terminal of the emitting cavity, and the second output terminal cascaded lenses of the MMI coupler couple end face；Wherein, the emitting cavity for realizing predeterminated frequency interval tuned-primary；The PMR is used for the external modulation signal according to input, is modulated to the light carrier of emitting cavity output, generates the first modulated optical signal comprising carrier frequency and side frequency；The upper waveguide is used to first modulated optical signal being transmitted to the micro-loop waveguide；The micro-loop waveguide is used to be adjusted the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide by the input current for tuning the PN junction, and target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal；The lower waveguide is used to for the target side frequency signal being transmitted to the input terminal of the MMI coupler；First output end of the MMI coupler is used to the target side frequency signal feeding back to the emitting cavity, the target side
Frequency signal makes the emitting cavity generate target light carrier identical with the frequency of the target side frequency signal as the key light in backlash；The second output terminal of the MMI coupler is used for the target light carrier-wave transmission to the Lens Coupling end face；Realize the wavelength fine tuning (realizing variable grid laser) with the external modulation signal respective frequencies granularity, to which variable grid laser can farthest utilize bandwidth resources, the waste for avoiding fiber bandwidth resource improves the utilization efficiency of fiber bandwidth resource；Simultaneously during quick fine tuning, the frequency stabilization performance of laser can be kept.
Optionally, in light transmission and exchange network, variable grid laser may be used as the transmitter laser of wavelength, wavelet length (burst/grouping)；The emitting laser of uplink signal is also used as in the user terminal of optical access network；It is also used as the local oscillator laser of the receiver of coherent optical communication system.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the variable grid laser embodiments two of fast tunable of the present invention, Fig. 3 A is local edge frequency component schematic diagram of the light through generating after PMR phase-modulation that emitting cavity issues, Fig. 3 B is the emulation schematic diagram of corresponding diagram 3A, Fig. 3 C is the local edge frequency component schematic diagram after micro-loop guide filter, and Fig. 3 D is the emulation schematic diagram of corresponding diagram 3C.As shown in Fig. 2, on the basis of the above embodiments, the emitting cavity 1011 of the variable grid laser of the fast tunable of the present embodiment includes: tail grating 1011A, gain region 1011B, phase region 1011C and preceding grating 1011D；Wherein, the output end of the tail grating 1011A cascades the input terminal of the gain region 1011B, the output end of the gain region 1011B cascades the input terminal of the phase region 1011C, the output end of the phase region 1011C cascades the input terminal of the preceding grating 1011D, and the output end of the preceding grating 1011D cascades the input terminal of the PMR 1012；Wherein, output end of the output end of the preceding grating 1011D as the emitting cavity 1011, input terminal of the input terminal of the tail grating 1011A as the emitting cavity 1011；Optionally, the upper waveguide is straight wave guide, and the lower waveguide is U-shaped waveguide；The MMI coupler is the MMI coupler of 1*2, and the first output end of the MMI coupler cascades the input terminal of the emitting cavity, and the second output terminal cascaded lenses of the MMI coupler couple end face.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the tunable laser (realizing the tuned-primary of 50GHz or 100GHz frequency interval) such as 50GHz or 100GHz is may be implemented in the emitting cavity 1011 comprising tail grating 1011A, gain region 1011B, phase region 1011C and preceding grating 1011D；Wherein, one reflection cavity of tail grating and preceding optical grating constitution, the wavelength or frequency of the two reflection have small difference, and there is usually one peak values to be aligned, so the two can be called to selected frequency or select the slide calliper rule effect (Venier of wavelength
Effect)；Gain region provides gain to compensate laser in intracavitary loss；Phase region finely tunes wavelength to a very small extent.The light carrier that the emitting cavity 1011 issues is (optionally, the frequency of the light carrier can be 50GHz) it is transmitted to the PMR 1012, the PMR 1012 is according to externally input external modulation signal (such as 6.25GHz), the light carrier of emitting cavity output is modulated, generate the first modulated optical signal comprising carrier frequency and multiple side frequencys (optionally, in the carrier frequency and the multiple side frequency between any two adjacent frequency components between be divided into the corresponding frequency values of the external modulation signal, such as 6.25GHz) (as shown in Figure 3A, after modulated process is completed, many side frequencys are produced by center frequency of F0, wherein, F0 represents the light frequency i.e. centre frequency in a channel as defined in the WDM standard of ITU-T, the interval of adjacent side frequency is equal to outside The frequency of modulated signal, such as 6.25GHz；It is 6.25GHz light phase modulation signal spectrum that Fig. 3 B, which show +/- 50GHz range inside and outside modulating frequency)；Further, first modulated optical signal is transmitted to the micro-loop waveguide 103 by the upper waveguide 1021, due to being the doped semiconductor area P+ and the doped semiconductor area N+ (forming PN junction) respectively inside and outside the ring of the micro-loop waveguide 103 (when there is no electric current by the PN junction, the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide 103 is fixed on the corresponding window of 50GHz as defined in ITU-T), Injection Current by tuning PN junction can tune the refractive index of the micro-loop waveguide 103 according to FCD effect, to make the effective cavity length of the micro-loop waveguide 103 change, the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide 103 shifts, to rapidly determine a target side frequency signal (as shown in Figure 3 C from first modulated optical signal, the micro-loop waveguide 103 is filtered 1. number side frequency out；As shown in Figure 3D, the 1. number side frequency about 40dB bigger than the power of other frequency components in first modulated optical signal)；Further, the target side frequency signal (i.e. 1. number side frequency signal) is transmitted to the MMI coupler 104 of the 1*2 by the lower waveguide 1022, the target side frequency signal is carried out branch by the MMI coupler, and target side frequency signal described in the first part after branch (i.e. 1. number side frequency signal) is directly transmitted to by the Lens Coupling end face by the second output terminal of the MMI coupler, target side frequency signal described in second part after branch (i.e. 1. number side frequency signal) is fed back to by the first output end of the MMI coupler tail grating of the emitting cavity simultaneously, the emitting cavity is set to generate target light carrier (the i.e. described emitting cavity identical with the frequency of the target side frequency signal will pass through backlash (the target side frequency signal as the key light in backlash) The frequency of the light carrier of generation offsets by 6.25GHz than the optical carrier frequency generated originally), further, the target light carrier is directly transferred to the MMI coupler by active cavity, silica-based waveguides and micro-loop waveguide, and the second output terminal of the MMI coupler is by the target light carrier-wave transmission to institute
State Lens Coupling end face；Realize the wavelength fine tuning (realizing variable grid laser) with the external modulation signal respective frequencies granularity, to which variable grid laser can farthest utilize bandwidth resources, the waste for avoiding fiber bandwidth resource improves the utilization efficiency of fiber bandwidth resource；In addition, since first modulated optical signal is that PMR according to externally input external modulation signal is modulated generation, side frequency in first modulated optical signal is the frequency spectrum shift (performance that the wavelength stability of the i.e. described side frequency directly replicates laser carrier frequency) of laser carrier frequency, therefore, during quick fine tuning, the frequency stabilization performance of laser can be kept.
Further, if desired the offset (multiple of such as 6.25GHz) of other frequencies is realized, the size of current that the PN junction in the micro-loop waveguide is then flowed through by tuning can be realized, by adjust flow through as described in PN junction electric current can change as described in micro-loop waveguide refractive index size, wherein, when curent change is bigger, then variations in refractive index is bigger, effective cavity length variation is bigger, then the filter window offset of micro-loop waveguide is bigger, so as to filter out farther target side frequency, such as 12.5Ghz, 25GHz etc.；Further, the farther target side frequency signal is fed back to the emitting cavity by the first output end of the coupler, the target side frequency signal makes the emitting cavity generate target light carrier identical with the frequency of the target side frequency signal as the key light in backlash；The second output terminal of the MMI coupler is used for the target light carrier-wave transmission to the Lens Coupling end face.
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram of the fast tunable embodiment of the method one of variable grid laser of the present invention.The variable grid laser includes: the active cavity being affixed on substrate, silica-based waveguides, micro-loop waveguide and multiple-mode interfence MMI coupler；The active cavity includes: emitting cavity and phase regulating area PMR；The silica-based waveguides include: upper waveguide and lower waveguide；Outer room is equipped with PN junction in the ring of the micro-loop waveguide；The output end of the emitting cavity cascades the input terminal of the PMR, the output end of the PMR cascades the upper waveguide, the micro-loop waveguide is set between the upper waveguide and the lower waveguide, the output end of the lower waveguide cascades the input terminal of the MMI coupler, first output end of the MMI coupler cascades the input terminal of the emitting cavity, and the second output terminal cascaded lenses of the MMI coupler couple end face；As shown in figure 4, the method for the present embodiment may include:
S401, the emitting cavity carry out the tuned-primary at predeterminated frequency interval, and by the optical signal transmission after tuning to the PMR；
S402, the PMR are modulated according to the light carrier that the external modulation signal of input exports the emitting cavity, generate the first modulated optical signal comprising carrier frequency and side frequency, and first modulated optical signal is transmitted to the micro-loop waveguide by the upper waveguide；
S403, the micro-loop waveguide are adjusted the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide by tuning the input current of the PN junction, target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal, and the target side frequency signal is passed through into the lower waveguide transmission to the input terminal of the MMI coupler；
The target side frequency signal is fed back to the emitting cavity by the first output end of the MMI coupler by S404, the MMI coupler, the target side frequency signal makes the emitting cavity generate target light carrier identical with the frequency of the target side frequency signal as the key light in backlash；The MMI coupler is by the second output terminal of the MMI coupler by the target light carrier-wave transmission to the Lens Coupling end face.
Optionally, the micro-loop waveguide is adjusted the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide by tuning the input current of the PN junction, determines that target side frequency signal includes: from first modulated optical signal
The micro-loop waveguide makes the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide shift by the input current of the tuning PN junction according to free carrier dispersion FCD effect；And target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal according to the filter window after shifting.
Optionally, the emitting cavity carries out the tuned-primary at predeterminated frequency interval, comprising:
The emitting cavity realizes that wavelength granularity is the coarseness tuned-primary of 50GHz or 100GHz by way of current look-up table.
The method of the present embodiment can realize that it is similar that the realization principle and technical effect are similar, and details are not described herein again using the variable grid laser as described in any in the variable grid laser any embodiment of above-mentioned fast tunable.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；Although present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitution of some or all of the technical features；And these are modified or replaceed, the range for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (9)
- A kind of variable grid laser of fast tunable characterized by comprisingActive cavity, silica-based waveguides, micro-loop waveguide and the multiple-mode interfence MMI coupler being affixed on substrate, the active cavity include: emitting cavity and phase regulating area PMR；The silica-based waveguides include: upper waveguide and lower waveguide；Outer room is equipped with PN junction in the ring of the micro-loop waveguide；Wherein, the output end of the emitting cavity cascades the input terminal of the PMR, the output end of the PMR cascades the upper waveguide, the micro-loop waveguide is set between the upper waveguide and the lower waveguide, the output end of the lower waveguide cascades the input terminal of the MMI coupler, first output end of the MMI coupler cascades the input terminal of the emitting cavity, and the second output terminal cascaded lenses of the MMI coupler couple end face；Wherein, the emitting cavity for realizing predeterminated frequency interval tuned-primary；The PMR is used for the external modulation signal according to input, is modulated to the light carrier of emitting cavity output, generates the first modulated optical signal comprising carrier frequency and side frequency；The upper waveguide is used to first modulated optical signal being transmitted to the micro-loop waveguide；The micro-loop waveguide is used to be adjusted the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide by the input current for tuning the PN junction, and target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal；The lower waveguide is used to for the target side frequency signal being transmitted to the input terminal of the MMI coupler；First output end of the MMI coupler is used to the target side frequency signal feeding back to the emitting cavity, the target side frequency signal makes the emitting cavity generate target light carrier identical with the frequency of the target side frequency signal as the key light in backlash；The second output terminal of the MMI coupler is used for the target light carrier-wave transmission to the Lens Coupling end face.
- The variable grid laser of fast tunable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the emitting cavity includes: tail grating, gain region, phase region and preceding grating；Wherein, the output end of the tail grating cascades the input terminal of the gain region, the output end of the gain region cascades the input terminal of the phase region, the output end of the phase region cascades the input terminal of the preceding grating, and the output end of the preceding grating cascades the input terminal of the PMR；Wherein, output end of the output end of the preceding grating as the emitting cavity, input terminal of the input terminal of the tail grating as the emitting cavity.
- The variable grid laser of fast tunable according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the micro-loop waveguide is specifically used for:The input current for tuning the PN junction makes described micro- according to free carrier dispersion FCD effect The filter window of ring waveguide shifts；Target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal according to the filter window after shifting.
- The variable grid laser of fast tunable according to any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the upper waveguide is straight wave guide, and the lower waveguide is U-shaped waveguide.
- The variable grid laser of fast tunable described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the electrode of the PMR is connected to high frequency clock electric signal.
- The variable grid laser of fast tunable according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that the emitting cavity realizes that wavelength granularity is the coarseness tuned-primary of 50GHz or 100GHz by way of current look-up table.
- A kind of fast tunable method of variable grid laser, which is characterized in that the variable grid laser includes: the active cavity being affixed on substrate, silica-based waveguides, micro-loop waveguide and multiple-mode interfence MMI coupler；The active cavity includes: emitting cavity and phase regulating area PMR；The silica-based waveguides include: upper waveguide and lower waveguide；Outer room is equipped with PN junction in the ring of the micro-loop waveguide；The output end of the emitting cavity cascades the input terminal of the PMR, the output end of the PMR cascades the upper waveguide, the micro-loop waveguide is set between the upper waveguide and the lower waveguide, the output end of the lower waveguide cascades the input terminal of the MMI coupler, first output end of the MMI coupler cascades the input terminal of the emitting cavity, and the second output terminal cascaded lenses of the MMI coupler couple end face；The described method includes:The emitting cavity carries out the tuned-primary at predeterminated frequency interval, and by the optical signal transmission after tuning to the PMR；The PMR is modulated according to the light carrier that the external modulation signal of input exports the emitting cavity, generates the first modulated optical signal comprising carrier frequency and side frequency, and first modulated optical signal is transmitted to the micro-loop waveguide by the upper waveguide；The micro-loop waveguide is adjusted the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide by tuning the input current of the PN junction, target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal, and the target side frequency signal is passed through into the lower waveguide transmission to the input terminal of the MMI coupler；The target side frequency signal is fed back to the emitting cavity by the first output end of the MMI coupler by the MMI coupler, the target side frequency signal makes the emitting cavity generate target light carrier identical with the frequency of the target side frequency signal as the key light in backlash；It is described MMI coupler is by the second output terminal of the MMI coupler by the target light carrier-wave transmission to the Lens Coupling end face.
- The method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that the micro-loop waveguide is adjusted the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide by tuning the input current of the PN junction, determine that target side frequency signal includes: from first modulated optical signalThe micro-loop waveguide makes the filter window of the micro-loop waveguide shift by the input current of the tuning PN junction according to free carrier dispersion FCD effect；And target side frequency signal is determined from first modulated optical signal according to the filter window after shifting.
- Method according to claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that the emitting cavity carries out the tuned-primary at predeterminated frequency interval, comprising:The emitting cavity realizes that wavelength granularity is the coarseness tuned-primary of 50GHz or 100GHz by way of current look-up table.
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| CN110849843A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-28 | 东南大学 | Silicon-based refractive index sensor based on cascading U-shaped waveguide nested micro-ring |
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| CN111463657B (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2021-09-07 | 海思光电子有限公司 | Tunable laser |
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