CN107707937A - Time shift optimization method and system based on HLS protocol - Google Patents
Time shift optimization method and system based on HLS protocol Download PDFInfo
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- CN107707937A CN107707937A CN201710863047.4A CN201710863047A CN107707937A CN 107707937 A CN107707937 A CN 107707937A CN 201710863047 A CN201710863047 A CN 201710863047A CN 107707937 A CN107707937 A CN 107707937A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
- H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
- H04N21/2387—Stream processing in response to a playback request from an end-user, e.g. for trick-play
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/239—Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests
- H04N21/2393—Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests involving handling client requests
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
- H04N21/26258—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists for generating a list of items to be played back in a given order, e.g. playlist, or scheduling item distribution according to such list
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/643—Communication protocols
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
- Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of time shift optimization method and system based on HLS protocol, it is related to field of Internet multimedia, this method comprises the following steps:Since preset time point, using the media segment time span of fixed length as burst length, the slicing sequence ID of each Streaming Media burst is counted.Preserve all Streaming Media bursts in the range of time shift and be grouped, one group will be divided into per continuous N pieces Streaming Media burst, each group of Streaming Media burst is respectively formed a time shift index file.Client operates shifting state when making the entrance of HLS programme televised lives by Broadcast Control, and time shift additional information is added on the basis of the address of live index file, and time shift index file is asked to HTTP streaming media servers.HTTP streaming media servers parse time shift additional information, and corresponding time shift index file is sent into client.Client request simultaneously plays the Streaming Media burst received.The present invention can reduce transmit time shift index file shared by bandwidth and spent time, be advantageous to improve and broadcast speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of Internet multimedia, and in particular to a kind of time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol and is
System.
Background technology
HLS (HTTP Live Streaming), Apple dynamic code rate adaptive technique.It is mainly used in PC and Apple
The audio frequency and video service of terminal.Include m3u8 index file, TS media slicings file and key encryption string files.
HLS time-shift services, be based on HLS it is live on the basis of, by terminal operation, user can be allowed to watch over one
A kind of form of service of the live content of section time.Fairly simple method is, Streaming Media all in the time shift period point
Piece is all buffered in same playlist, and service end, which is only used, safeguards an index file, and real-time update.Client is with suitable
It is frequency in single medium flow/time length, refreshes index file.But the method is in the presence of " index file, which constantly refreshes, causes bandwidth occupancy
More and broadcasting response is not prompt enough " the problem of.Thus, it would be desirable to do some optimizations for HLS time shifting broadcastings.
The content of the invention
For defect present in prior art, when can reduce sowing time transmission it is an object of the invention to provide one kind
Move the time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol of bandwidth and spent time shared by index file.
To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that:
A kind of time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol, this method comprise the following steps:
S1. since preset time point, using the media segment time span of fixed length as burst length, each Streaming Media is counted
The slicing sequence ID of burst;
S2. all Streaming Media bursts in the range of time shift are preserved and are grouped, one will be divided into per continuous N pieces Streaming Media burst
Group, each group of Streaming Media burst are respectively formed a time shift index file;
S3. client selection HLS programme televised lives play out, and ask live index file;
S4. client operates shifting state when making the entrance of HLS programme televised lives by Broadcast Control;
S5. client adds time shift additional information on the basis of the address of live index file, passes through the additional letter of time shift
The slicing sequence ID and broadcasting magnification information of currently playing Streaming Media burst in breath, when being asked to HTTP streaming media servers
Move index file;
S6.HTTP streaming media servers receive the request of time shift index file, and parse time shift additional information, are tied according to parsing
Corresponding time shift index file is sent to client by fruit;
S7. the Streaming Media burst in the time shift index file that client request and broadcasting receive.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, when the Streaming Media burst remaining time in broadcasting is to preset value, repetition is held
Row step S5 to S7, the next time shift index file of client periodic request simultaneously play the Streaming Media in next time shift index file
Burst, until end of playing.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the client is added current on the basis of the address of live index file
The slicing sequence ID and broadcasting magnification information, generation URL of the Streaming Media burst of broadcasting ask time shift to HTTP streaming media servers
Index file.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, HTTP streaming media servers parsing time shift additional information, if in analysis result
Broadcasting multiplying power is negative, the stream that HTTP streaming media servers subtract 1 the slicing sequence ID comprising currently playing Streaming Media burst
The time shift index file of media slicing is sent to client;It is positive number that if multiplying power is played in analysis result, HTTP streaming media services
Device adds the slicing sequence ID comprising currently playing Streaming Media burst the time shift index file of 1 Streaming Media burst to be sent to visitor
Family end.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, client obtains time shift total duration information, reference according to time shift index file
Current time calculates the time shift time started, then asks the stream in the time shift index file transmitted by HTTP streaming media servers
Media slicing simultaneously plays, while also caches the time shift index file, forms local time shift slice list.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, after a Streaming Media burst in the complete time shift index file of client terminal playing,
Judge locally whether be cached with next Streaming Media burst, if so, then continuing to play next Streaming Media burst, if it is not, then sentencing
Disconnected is to time shift left margin or time shift right margin, if having arrived time shift left margin, reverts to common speed time shifting broadcasting,
If having arrived time shift right margin, live state is switched to.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, client makes HLS programme televised lives enter time shift by F.F., rewind or pause
State.
At the same time, the present invention also aims to provide one kind to have reduced shared by sowing time transmission time shift index file
The optimization system of the time shift based on HLS protocol of bandwidth and spent time.
To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that:
A kind of time shift optimization system based on HLS protocol, including:
HLS streaming media service subsystems, it includes encoder server, section server and HTTP streaming media servers, institute
State encoder server to be used to be encoded voice data and video data, the section server is used for encoder server is defeated
The Media Stream gone out is stored as multiple Streaming Media bursts, the HTTP streaming media servers be used to responding the request of time shift index file and
Playing stream media fragment request;And
Client, it is used to send the request of time shift index file to HTTP streaming media servers, when the client obtains
After moving index file, it is additionally operable to ask and play to HTTP streaming media servers the section text inside the time shift index file
Part.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that:
(1) the time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol in the present invention, after streaming media burst is grouped, is formd
Multiple time shift index files, compared with a traditional only time shift index file, reduce time shift transmission granularity, reduce transmission
Bandwidth and spent time shared by time shift index file, be advantageous to improve and broadcast speed.
(2) the time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol in the present invention, during broadcasting, compared to traditional time shift
Index file frequently refreshes to pressure caused by streaming media server and network bandwidth, same refreshing frequency, and the present invention, which uses, to be divided
Bandwidth shared by the less time shift index file of piece is much smaller.And if traditional time shift index file drops to reduce bandwidth
Low refreshing frequency, then can be higher using the effectiveness of information of the less time shift index file of burst in the present invention, can less appearance
The burst situation expired more than information caused by time shift border.
(3) the time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol in the present invention, HTTP URL pass ginseng mode and enhance HLS protocol
Interactive flexibility ratio, client do not have to oneself precalculate the burst time next to be played and slicing sequence id information, i.e.,
It is suitable for the direction controlling of Broadcast Control.Realize that the upgrading of HLS schemes is not entirely dependent on terminal software scheme, in streaming media server
Upgrade the effect with regard to optimization Broadcast Control can be reached.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol in the present invention,
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart that the time shift based on HLS protocol optimizes system in the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol, and this method includes following step
Suddenly:
S1. since preset time point, using the media segment time span of fixed length as burst length, each Streaming Media is counted
The slicing sequence ID of burst;
In each m3u8 files, EXT-X-TARGETDURATION represents to specify maximum media segment time span.This
In invention, daily when zero, using constant media segment time span as burst length, each stream matchmaker is started counting up from 0
The slicing sequence ID of body burst, such client can perceive current play time by currently playing slicing sequence ID.
S2. all Streaming Media bursts in the range of time shift are preserved and are grouped, one will be divided into per continuous N pieces Streaming Media burst
Group, each group of Streaming Media burst are respectively formed a time shift index file;
After streaming media burst is grouped, multiple time shift index files, and a traditional only time shift rope are formd
Quotation part is compared, and is reduced time shift transmission granularity, is reduced bandwidth and spent time shared by transmission time shift index file, and be advantageous to
Improve and broadcast speed.For example traditional time shift index file is 360 Streaming Media bursts, time shift index text after being grouped in the present invention
Part is 10 Streaming Media bursts, then efficiency of transmission is to would is that traditional 36 times.So rise and broadcast that speed is fast, and Consumer's Experience is good.
During broadcasting, frequently refresh to streaming media server and network bandwidth compared to traditional time shift index file
Caused by pressure, same refreshing frequency, the present invention is much smaller using bandwidth shared by the less time shift index file of burst.And such as
The traditional time shift index file of fruit reduces refreshing frequency to reduce bandwidth, then the time shift rope that burst is less is used in the present invention
The effectiveness of information of quotation part can be higher, the burst situation expired more than information caused by time shift border less can occurs.
S3. client selection HLS programme televised lives play out, and ask live index file;
S4. client operates shifting state when making the entrance of HLS programme televised lives by Broadcast Control;
Shifting state when usual client enters by F.F., rewind or pause HLS programme televised lives.
S5. client adds time shift additional information on the basis of the address of live index file, passes through the additional letter of time shift
The slicing sequence ID and broadcasting magnification information of currently playing Streaming Media burst in breath, when being asked to HTTP streaming media servers
Move index file;
Client adds currently playing Streaming Media burst on the basis of the address of live index file in the present invention
Slicing sequence ID and broadcasting magnification information, generation URL ask time shift index file to HTTP streaming media servers.
HTTP URL passes the flexibility ratio that ginseng mode enhances HLS protocol interaction, and client connects down without oneself precalculating
Come the burst time to be played and slicing sequence id information, you can adapt to the direction controlling of Broadcast Control.Realize the upgrading of HLS schemes not
Place one's entire reliance upon terminal software scheme, streaming media server upgrading with regard to can reach optimization Broadcast Control effect.And the method is based on,
Also expansible other information feedback mechanism, further improve service ability of the streaming media server to terminal.
S6.HTTP streaming media servers receive the request of time shift index file, and parse time shift additional information, are tied according to parsing
Corresponding time shift index file is sent to client by fruit;
Specifically, HTTP streaming media servers parse time shift additional information, if it is negative that multiplying power is played in analysis result,
Time shift rope of the HTTP streaming media servers the Streaming Media bursts for subtracting 1 of the slicing sequence ID comprising currently playing Streaming Media burst
Quotation part is sent to client.If it is positive number that multiplying power is played in analysis result, HTTP streaming media servers are comprising currently playing
The slicing sequence ID of Streaming Media burst add the 1 time shift index file of Streaming Media burst to be sent to client.
S7. the Streaming Media burst in the time shift index file that client terminal playing receives.
Client obtains time shift total duration information according to time shift index file, when calculating time shift with reference to current time and starting
Between, then ask the Streaming Media burst in the time shift index file transmitted by HTTP streaming media servers and play, at the same it is also slow
The time shift index file is deposited, forms local time shift slice list.
When the Streaming Media burst remaining time in broadcasting is to preset value, step S5 to S7, client cycle are repeated
Property the next time shift index file of request and play the Streaming Media burst in next time shift index file, until end of playing.
After a Streaming Media burst in the complete time shift index file of client terminal playing, it is next to judge whether local is cached with
Streaming Media burst, if so, then continue to play next Streaming Media burst, if it is not, it should be noted that then need judgement be to
Time shift left margin or time shift right margin, if having arrived time shift left margin, revert to common speed time shifting broadcasting, if to when
Right margin is moved, then switches to live state.
Shown in Figure 2, the present invention also provides a kind of time shift optimization system based on HLS protocol, and it includes HLS Streaming Medias
Service subsystem and client.
HLS streaming media services subsystem includes encoder server, section server and HTTP streaming media servers.
Encoder server is used to be encoded voice data and video data, after medium data acquisition, it is necessary to original
Voice data and video data encoded, with produce compression, be adapted to the Media Stream of network transmission and terminal plays.
Section server is used to the Media Stream of encoder server output being stored as multiple Streaming Media bursts.Wherein section is protected
Deposit be according to the dicing strategy at media services end, section server the Media Stream that encoder server export be stored as continuously,
Fixed length, shorter media file.M3u8 lists, which preserve, is divided into two kinds, typically retains newest three points in live index file
Piece address, in the form of similar " sliding window ", it is updated.For time shift index file in units of suitable N pieces, packet is slow
Deposit.
HTTP streaming media servers are used to respond the request of time shift index file and playing stream media fragment request.Http protocol
As HLS basic agreement, the main task that response time shift index file request is asked with slicing files carry.When HTTP flows
When media server recognizes the time shifting request information inside the required parameter of time shift index file request, by mapping ruler,
Request is redirected to the time shift index file of caching.
Client, it is used to send the request of time shift index file to HTTP streaming media servers, when the client obtains
After moving index file, it is additionally operable to ask and play to HTTP streaming media servers the section text inside the time shift index file
Part.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, for those skilled in the art, is not departing from
On the premise of the principle of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also considered as the protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to prior art known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps:
S1. since preset time point, using the media segment time span of fixed length as burst length, each Streaming Media burst is counted
Slicing sequence ID;
S2. all Streaming Media bursts in the range of time shift are preserved and are grouped, one group will be divided into per continuous N pieces Streaming Media burst,
Each group of Streaming Media burst is respectively formed a time shift index file;
S3. client selection HLS programme televised lives play out, and ask live index file;
S4. client operates shifting state when making the entrance of HLS programme televised lives by Broadcast Control;
S5. client adds time shift additional information on the basis of the address of live index file, by time shift additional information
Currently playing Streaming Media burst slicing sequence ID and play magnification information, to HTTP streaming media servers ask time shift rope
Quotation part;
S6.HTTP streaming media servers receive the request of time shift index file, and parse time shift additional information, will according to analysis result
Corresponding time shift index file is sent to client;
S7. the Streaming Media burst in the time shift index file that client request and broadcasting receive.
2. the time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:When the Streaming Media in broadcasting
When burst remaining time is to preset value, step S5 to S7 is repeated, the next time shift index file of client periodic request is simultaneously
The Streaming Media burst in next time shift index file is played, until end of playing.
3. the time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:The client is live
The slicing sequence ID of currently playing Streaming Media burst is added on the basis of the address of index file and plays magnification information, generation
URL asks time shift index file to HTTP streaming media servers.
4. the time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:HTTP streaming media servers
Time shift additional information is parsed, if it is negative that multiplying power is played in analysis result, HTTP streaming media servers are comprising currently playing
The time shift index file for the Streaming Media burst that the slicing sequence ID of Streaming Media burst subtracts 1 is sent to client;If in analysis result
Broadcasting multiplying power is positive number, and HTTP streaming media servers add the slicing sequence ID comprising currently playing Streaming Media burst 1 stream
The time shift index file of media slicing is sent to client.
5. the time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Client is according to time shift rope
Quotation part obtains time shift total duration information, and the time shift time started is calculated with reference to current time, then asks HTTP Streaming Medias clothes
The Streaming Media burst in time shift index file transmitted by business device simultaneously plays, while also caches the time shift index file, forms this
Ground time shift slice list.
6. the time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that:The complete time shift of client terminal playing
After a Streaming Media burst in index file, judge locally whether be cached with next Streaming Media burst, if so, then continuing to broadcast
Next Streaming Media burst is put, if it is not, it is to time shift left margin or time shift right margin, if having arrived the time shift left side then to judge
Boundary, then common speed time shifting broadcasting is reverted to, if having arrived time shift right margin, switches to live state.
7. the time shift optimization method based on HLS protocol as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Client passes through F.F., fast
Move back or suspend shifting state when making the entrance of HLS programme televised lives.
A kind of 8. time shift optimization system based on HLS protocol, it is characterised in that including:
HLS streaming media service subsystems, it includes encoder server, section server and HTTP streaming media servers, the volume
Code server is used to be encoded voice data and video data, and the section server is used for encoder server output
Media Stream is stored as multiple Streaming Media bursts, and the HTTP streaming media servers are used to respond the request of time shift index file and played
Streaming Media fragment request;And
Client, it is used to send the request of time shift index file to HTTP streaming media servers, and the client obtains time shift rope
After quotation part, it is additionally operable to that the section file inside the time shift index file is asked and played to HTTP streaming media servers.
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CN201710863047.4A CN107707937A (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2017-09-22 | Time shift optimization method and system based on HLS protocol |
PCT/CN2018/102617 WO2019056929A1 (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2018-08-28 | Hls protocol-based time shift optimization method and system |
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