CN107661094A - Circuit and method for photo-plethysmographic sensor - Google Patents
Circuit and method for photo-plethysmographic sensor Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02416—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02416—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation
- A61B5/02427—Details of sensor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02438—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7225—Details of analog processing, e.g. isolation amplifier, gain or sensitivity adjustment, filtering, baseline or drift compensation
Abstract
Some embodiments are related to a kind of computer-readable media for being used to handle the device of photo-plethysmographic " PPG " signal, method and/or the executable process steps of storage processor in the monitoring device of the property of monitor blood flow.In certain embodiments, the processing has the first data signal for detecting optical signal of non-pulsating (for example, DC) component and flutter component (for example, AC) comprising expression is obtained.According to the non-pulsating component estimation produce offset control signal, and subtract the offset control signal from the detected optical signal and to the signal application gain after subtracting after produce the second data signal.Produce the reconstructed signal calculated from one or more of the gain and the following：(i) first data signal, and (ii) described second data signal and the offset control signal.
Description
Technical field
Embodiment described below is related to the measurement to biometric data.Some embodiments are related to photo-plethysmographic biography
Sensor.
Background technology
Nearest concern of the consumer to personal health has caused commercially to provide a variety of personal health monitoring devices.Until
Recently, such device is intended to use for complexity and is generally designed to for being used together with a kind of activity, for example, from
Driving travelling computer.
Recently, personal health monitoring device (also referred to herein as " biometric tracking " or " biometric monitoring " device)
Extend to follow the trail of multiple measurements of wearer.For example, Le Huo companies (Fitbit, Inc.) production can have several special
The several biometric of sign and element (such as display, battery, sensor, wireless communication ability, power supply and interface button)
Follow-up mechanism and for these devices to be attached to the other parts of pocket or clothes or are attached to the body of wearer
Divide the mechanism of (being packaged in small size), described device is configured to tracking, and step number, distance, calorie disappear (among other things)
Consume, enliven the number of minutes, height above sea level (for example, measured such as in floor or ladder), speed, stride.
To follow the trail of these measurements, multiple sensors can be used to collect, handle and show various numbers in these devices
According to.It is heart rate sensor for a type of sensor in some biometric follow-up mechanisms.These heart rate sensors lead to
Measured back usually through in the skin for emitting light into user and then after the light emitted interaction with the skin of user
Reflection or diffusion light and operate.
The content of the invention
Some embodiments are related to a kind of for handling photo-plethysmographic in the monitoring device of the property of monitor blood flow
The device, method and/or storage processor of (" PPG ") signal can perform the computer-readable media of process steps.In some realities
Apply in example, the processing represents being detected with non-pulsating (for example, DC) component and flutter component (for example, AC) comprising obtaining
First data signal of optical signal.Offset control signal is produced according to the estimation to the non-pulsating component, and from the institute
Detection optical signal subtracts the offset control signal and to producing the second numeral after the signal application gain after subtracting
Signal.Produce the reconstructed signal calculated from one or more of the gain and the following：(i) the first numeral letter
Number, and (ii) described second data signal and the offset control signal.
In certain embodiments, including for the offset control signal is produced：The value of the offset control signal is selected, is made
Obtain described second caused by after subtracting the offset control signal from first data signal and being adjusted by gain
Data signal is no more than range threshold.The offset control signal can be produced by following steps：Initial value is selected, it is determined that subtracting
The offset control signal and first data signal being then adjusted by the gain is no more than range threshold；Selection
The successor value of the offset control signal, and determine as described in the successor value and Gain tuning of the offset control signal
First data signal is no more than the range threshold.
In certain embodiments, the monitoring device can include multiple optical transmitting sets to generating source optical signal.With institute
Stating the associated control unit of monitoring device can switch between optical transmitting set to produce the source optical signal.It is the multiple
Optical transmitting set can be included in the transmitter of emission source light in different wavelength regions (for example, red, green and region of ultra-red).
In certain embodiments, it is possible to provide support two kinds of operator schemes to measure the monitoring device of different nature of blood flow.
For example, in certain embodiments, described device can allow to measure both heart rate and blood oxygenation level.In some embodiments
In, the method that one kind is used to handle photo-plethysmographic (PPG) signal in monitoring device includes：Receive and select the monitoring device
Operator scheme signal.Changeover module is through operating to select the first light source in the first mode of operation and in second operator scheme
Middle selection secondary light source.The selected one in first light source and the secondary light source is operated with generating source optical signal.Obtain
First numeral of detected optical signal represents, and is based at least partially on selected operator scheme and produces the second data signal.Will
Second data signal is provided to processor for measuring the property of blood flow.In certain embodiments, first operation
Pattern be measure heart rate pattern and second operator scheme be to measure the pattern of blood oxygenation level.In some embodiments
In, when selecting first operator scheme, skew control assembly is disabled, and when selecting second operator scheme, the skew control
Component is enabled to allow the DC components for subtracting detected optical signal.
Embodiment as described in this article provides several advantages.For example, embodiment provide have it is reduced into
This monitoring device, the monitoring device efficiently can extract and differentiate the flutter component of PPG signals, so as to allow that PPG is believed
Number improved processing.In some cases, embodiment is without using high-resolution analog (" ADC ") converter or over sampling
This improved processing is provided in the case of technology (it can be expensive and consumption additional power).In addition, embodiment allows comparatively fast
Processing and signal acquisition time.
The more complete understanding to some embodiments can be obtained by reference to described in detail below and institute's accompanying drawings.
Brief description of the drawings
According to considering to description below illustrated in such as accompanying drawing, it is readily apparent to the construction of embodiment and makes
With Similar reference numerals specify similar component and wherein in the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the birds-eye perspective according to the device of some embodiments；
Fig. 2 is the face upwarding view according to the device of some embodiments；
Fig. 3 is the block diagram according to the device of some embodiments；
Fig. 4 is the block diagram of the sensor according to some embodiments；
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of the component of the sensor according to some embodiments；
Fig. 6 A to 6C are to illustrate the photo-plethysmographic such as handled by Fig. 4 and 5 device according to some embodiments
The schema of (" PPG ") signal；
Fig. 7 is the schema for illustrating the PPG signals such as handled by Fig. 4 and 5 device according to some embodiments；And
Fig. 8 is the schema for illustrating the reconstructed PPG signals according to some embodiments.
Embodiment
Following description is provided to enable those skilled in the art to make and use described embodiment.However,
Various modifications will stay in that those skilled in the art is readily apparent to.Particular instance is described referring now to accompanying drawing to carry
For the introduction to various features.The feature of embodiment not limited to this example or description.
As discussed above, can be used for collecting and supervising using the monitoring device of method and/or circuit discussed herein
Survey biometric information.The example of this monitoring device 100 is shown in Fig. 1.According to illustrated embodiment, device 100 can
It is worn in the wrist of user.Device 100 includes display 140, and the display may include the display screen of any suitable type
And can be based on biometric and detected, collected by device 100, monitored or otherwise caused other data and show figure
Designator.Device 100 can include one or more buttons 180, and one or more described buttons can be manipulated by user to provide to device
100 input.Display 140 may also incorporate one or more input units (such as touch-screen).Band 190 can be wrapped in wrist
And it can be used one or more retaining elements 195 (for example, hook and ring, clasp, shape memory member, magnet) fixed.Device 100
Shape and configuration are that an exemplary configuration of embodiments of the invention can be disposed in it.Monitoring device set forth herein
And PPG sensing systems and method can be used in the device with various shapes and configuration with undesirable result, and Fig. 1
And illustrated shape and configuration is in order at illustrative purpose in Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is the upward view of device 100, and it shows sensor cluster 210 and electricity interface 220.Sensor cluster 210 can
Comprising benefiting from and the skin histology of user is close and/or the sensor that contacts.Sensors with auxiliary electrode can include PPG sensors
(for example, heart rate, pulse oximetry etc.), humidity, temperature and/or capacitive touch screen (for example, to detection means when
It is worn).Electricity interface 220 can be interfaced with Docking station or other power supplys to receive electric charge for being positioned in device 100
Battery charged.Although showing single sensor cluster 210 for the sake of simplicity, multiple sensor clusters can be provided.
In addition, although being in fig. 2 illustrated as sensor cluster 210 somewhat prominent from device 100, but other embodiments can be not
Sensor is disposed close in user in the case of using obvious protrude.
Particular category or sensor-" PPG " of type will be described in further detail herein or " photo-plethysmographic " passes
The feature of sensor.PPG sensors (such as heart rate monitor or pulse oximetry) are sensed such as by the heart using based on the technology of light
The pulsatile blood flow of dirty pump action control.PPG sensors can be used for the heart rate of measurement user, blood oxygen is closed and other biometrics
Parameter.In Fig. 1 and device 100 demonstrated in Figure 2, sensor cluster 210 can cover or be associated in one or more light sources
(for example, photodiode, light emitting diode or " LED ") and photodetector and corresponding control circuit are (for example, following article enters one
Described by step).In some cases, light pipe can be used to connect the surface optical of light source or detector and the skin histology of user
Connect.Face under the skin, in blood of the light scattering from light source in body, some light in the light can be toward backscatter or anti-
It is mapped to and is positioned in the photoelectric detector behind sensor cluster 210.In certain embodiments, as will be further retouched herein
State, sensor cluster 210 shaped shape and can be formed to improve the operation of sensor.For example, in certain embodiments, pass
Sensor component 210 can improve the performance of PPG sensors using translucent construction.For example, translucent construction can be included by impermeable
The mask of bright material composition, one of the mask limiting light source and/or detector, some or all of aperture.With this side
Formula, translucent construction optionally define or control the light of the body of user be launched into detect wherein and/or from it is excellent
First volume.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram according to the monitoring system 300 of some embodiments.According to some embodiments, system 300 can be through operation
To control collection and use to biometric data.In some cases, monitoring system 300 can be implemented to be shown in Fig. 1 and 2
Device 100 internal feature.
As shown in Fig. 3, system 300 includes one or more processing units 310 (for example, hardware element (such as processor core
The heart and/or processing thread), discrete or integration logic and/or one or more state machines and/or field programmable gate array (or
It is combined)).In some cases, one or more processing units 310 be configured to perform processor executable program code so that
Device 300 is set to operate as described in this article, and memory 320 is used for store program codes and any other suitable data.
Memory 320 may include one or more fixed disks, the solid-state arbitrary access being installed in corresponding interface (for example, USB port)
Memory and/or media (for example, thumb actuator) can be loaded and unloaded.
Display interface 330 provides may include to be used for known or become known with the communication of display 340, the display
Information vision present any system.According to some embodiments, display 340 may include to be used to receive user's input
Touch-screen in system 300.Display 140 demonstrated in Figure 1 is the example of display 340.
The executable processor executable program code being stored in memory 320 of one or more processing units 310 so that
System 300 is handled sensing data, the operation for controlling sensor and associated component and perform operation as discussed herein.
In certain embodiments, processing unit 310 can be configured to processor core, memory and programmable input and output peripheral equipment
Put and microcontroller (or " MCU ") can be referred to herein as.According to some embodiments, system 300 includes integrating device, such as but
Be not limited to wearable unit (for example, wrist (such as the device 100 shown in Fig. 1 and 2) around user, around user's
Neck, it is attached to ear-lobe or is inserted in ear (for example, earplug), is placed on ring etc.) or another portable unit (for example,
Smart phone, dedicated music player, keyfob (fob)).In certain embodiments, the element of system 300 can be embodied in individually
Device (such as server unit (for example, desktop PC) comprising element 310,320 and 330 and include display 340
Terminal installation (for example, wrist-watch)) in.System 300 can perform the function in addition to the function of being attributed to this herein and can include
Any element necessary to it is operated.
Some embodiments of system 300 are portable comprising the physics size and shape with the body for being operably coupled to user
Formula monitoring device, this allows user to perform common or typical user activities (for example, the fortune comprising all kinds and type
It is dynamic) and perform sort of activity without prejudice to user.The example of this device is Fig. 1 device 100.Portable metering device can be included in
During such common or typical user activities promote by described device couple or attach to user mechanism (for example, fixture,
Bandage and/or frenulum).
System 300 further includes one or more sensor interfaces for being used for that data to be exchanged with one or more sensors 360
350.Sensor 360 may include any sensor for obtaining the data comprising biometric Monitoring Data.Sensor 360
Example is including but not limited to accelerometer, optical sensor, compass, switch, pedometer, blood oxygen transducer, gyroscope, magnetic force
Meter, global positioning system apparatus, proximity transducer, pressure sensor (for example, altitude meter) and heart rate sensor.Sensor 360
One or more of can share common hardware and/or component software.
As shown in fig. 3, influenceed according to some embodiments, user 370 through illustrating with instruction user 370 by one or more
The data that one or more of sensor 360 obtains.For example, one or more sensors 360 can the physics based on user 370
Activity produces data.In addition, one or more of sensor 360 can be via the direct contact with user (for example, in the heart
During rate, skin temperature and/or oxygen saturation monitor) produce data.
Referring now to Figure 4, wherein displaying can be used as the sensing of one of multiple sensors 360 of device 300 in Fig. 3
The exemplary block diagram of device 400, as described further below, the embodiment of sensor 400 can be through operating or configuring for use as light
Learn heart rate sensor and blood oxygen closes both sensors.As demonstrated in Figure 4, sensor 400 includes the skin histology towards user
Launch one or more light sources 410 of light, and wherein this light from the reflection of skin/interior tissue of user and/or diffusion by one or
Multiple photodetectors 420 sense, and the signal from one or more photodetectors is then by one or more A/D converters
(" ADC ") 432,434 (be referred to as " ADC 1 " and " ADC 2 ") digitlization.
In general, PPG signals are the signals that optics for sensing the stereomutation of blood vessel and Noninvasive obtain.Light
Source 410 is in tissue (for example, skin demonstrated in Figure 4) place of interest transmitting and photodetector 420 is through placing to measure thoroughly
Penetrate or institute's reflected light.Wavelength depending on light source 410, it may be determined that the information (such as heart rate and blood oxygen are closed) on people.
For example, light source 410 can be to be configured to produce with one or more photodiodes of the light of a wavelength.Citing
For, photodiode can be provided as light source 410 and be configured to red, infrared or green area (660nm, 940nm respectively
And 528nm) in produce light.As will be described further herein, sensor 400 may be configured with the operation of infrared and red wavelength
For obtaining one or more light sources 410 of Oximetry (for example, operation is SpO2 sensors).It may be provided in green wavelength region
One or more additional light sources 410 for use as heart rate sensor are operated in domain.
Embodiments of the invention allow sensor 400 to be operated with different operation modes, and this depends on being using infrared/red
Wavelength or green wavelength.For example, sensor can to distinguish the pattern of the information of the heart rate on user operation (when
Operate green wavelength light source 410 when) and with to distinguish on user blood oxygen conjunction information pattern operation (when operate it is infrared
And during red wavelength light source 410).In general, the flutter component of both infrared and red PPG signals and green wavelength signal
Flutter component is easier to by uncertainty compared to much weaker and due to noise.In infrared and red wavelength, PPG signals be present
Big offset component (referred to herein as " non-pulsating " or " DC " component) and flutter component (also referred to herein as " AC " component).Citing
For, it can be small to the 0.05% of signal to detect the AC components of PPG signals, and the dynamic range for leaving up to 99.95% can not
With.In other words, in the sensor using 12 bit resolution ADC, the best available resolution ratio of the AC components of PPG signals can be
Less than 2 positions.Using very high resolution ADC come reach the higher effective resolution of AC components in many sensing systems it is (outstanding
It is in the case where electric power, cost and size are important) it is unacceptable.
(it is shown as to obtain accurate signal information device for processing (such as Fig. 3 processor 310) or microcontroller
MCU402 the processing to institute's detection signal) is performed, handles what is detected by photodetector 420 using front end signal regulating block 430
Optical information, the front end signal regulating block directly interface with photodetector 420 and export simulation PPG signals.This PPG signal is carried
Be supplied to ADC 432, the ADC be configured with sufficient resolution ratio with measure the non-pulsating of PPG signals (DC) component (but for pulsation or
AC components may not have enough resolution ratio).By this data signal 433, (it can be referred to as " the first numeral in other places herein
Signal ") provide to MCU 402 for processing.After the first data signal 433 is received, MCU 402 perform at once processing with
Produce shifted signal (as will be described further herein).The shifted signal is provided to skew from MCU 402 and removes level
440.Skew removes level 440 and receives shifted signal from MCU 402 and remove deviant from signal 530.MCU 402 calculates skew letter
Number why should be worth and be provided to skew and remove level 440 to remove the value of shifted signal from the signal from ADC 432.Typically
For, skew removes level 440 and provides the modified PPG signals of main pulsation (or AC) component for representing PPG signals to second
ADC 434 be digitized and provide MCU 402 for handle with determine detection blood oxygenation level.In some implementations
In example, MCU 402 includes storage control and the memory of application data and signal data.In certain embodiments, MCU 402
By data (such as data signal 433, shifted signal data and from ADC 434 receive signal) be stored in be used as in memory when
Between ordered series of numbers data.For example, signal data can be stored so that the restructural PPG signals of MCU 402, following article combination Fig. 7 and 8
Further described.
As discussed above, according to some embodiments, it is possible to provide multiple light sources 410 are (for example, the light comprising different wave length
Source).One or more light source control parts 412 can be used to control operation to different light sources and selection (and selected light 410
Intensity).Light source control part 412 can be operated by the control signal received from MCU 402.For example, in some embodiments
In, light source 410 can be controlled to enable light source 410 based on the operator scheme selected by MCU 402 (and in some embodiments
In, intensity is wanted in setting).As an illustrative example, operator scheme can be that will wherein detect the pattern of optics heart rate.Herein
In pattern, operable one or more light sources 410 that light can be produced in green wavelength region.As another illustrative example
Property, operator scheme can be that will wherein carry out the pattern of blood oxygen conjunction measurement.In this mode, it is operable can be in infrared wavelength region
Middle one or more light sources 410 for producing light and one or more light sources 410 that light can be produced in red wavelength region.One
In a little embodiments, MCU 402 can be through operating with based on wanted operator scheme and in different light sources 410 and/or different photodetectors
Switched between 420.
Light source control module 412 can be controlled by MCU 402.MCU 402 receives from ACD 432, one or both of 434
Data signal and described information can be used to produce control signal (comprising offset control signal and to operate light source control part
412 and the control signal of light source 410).MCU 402 can be based on from first and/or the 2nd ACD (432,434) receive operation letter
Cease and adaptively control the operation of light source control part 412, so as to allow various operational controls.In addition, in some realities
Apply in example, MCU 402 can be based on operator scheme and control whether the ACD 434 of operation the 2nd (for example, in certain embodiments, when
When sensor is in obtain in the operator scheme of optics heart rate measurement, the 2nd ACD 434 is not operated).
The feature of some embodiments described in further detail referring now to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is depiction in further detail
The block diagram of the component of 4 sensor device.More particularly, Fig. 5 describes to allow to produce and is used to provide to MCU 520 for blood
Oxygen closes the logical block and function of the signal of analysis and the further processing of heart rate analysis.As demonstrated in Figure 5, sensor device can
Possess several components, include one or more photodiodes 502,504 and one or more corresponding to the photodiode
Signal conditioning component 506,508.Although showing two groups of photodiodes 502,504 and signal conditioning component 506,508, sensing
Device can possess it is more than two, such as will be described further herein.Sensor further leads to comprising MCU 520 or with the MCU
Letter, the MCU perform processing to control the component of sensor and perform the processing to the signal as caused by sensor.Citing comes
Say, MCU 520 can produce control signal to operate multiplexer 510, and the multiplexer allows to the pole of which photoelectricity two
Pipe 502,504 is controlled as signal source.For example, MCU 520 can issue control signal to select photodiode 502
And Signal Regulation block 506 is used as source signal.
As more particular description example, MCU 520 can be produced based on the operator scheme selected by the user of monitoring device
Raw control signal is (for example, user's selectively actuatable monitoring device is to capture optics heart rate measurement, or the monitoring of user's selectively actuatable
Device is to capture Oximetry).For example, photodiode 502 can be the pole of photoelectricity two operated in green wavelength region
Pipe, and photodiode 502 (and associated signal adjusting part 506) can be by the way that from MCU 520, (it passes through multiplexer
The 510 selection signal sources) control signal be activated.In the following discussion, it is green by description wherein photodiode 502
Wavelength photodiode and photodiode 504 are one group of photoelectricity two that SpO2 measurements are operated and be used for infrared and red wavelength
The embodiment of pole pipe.
Once MCU 520 has selected PPG signal sources (for example, photodiode 502 or photodiode 504), multichannel is multiple
The PPG signals from selected signal source can be delivered to removal component 512 around with device 510.PPG signals are shown on Fig. 5
For signal S1 (t).Signal S1 (t) is also provided as input into MCU 520 and for further processing as described below.
PPG signal S1 (t) are handled by ADC (such as Fig. 4 first order ADC 432).In general, believe to MCU520 input for PPG
Number S1 (t) numeral expression, the numeral represent that the PPG signals at a time point (include the AC components and DC components of signal
Both).Show that PPG signal S1 (t) sample illustrates in fig. 6, wherein showing the value of PPG signals with the time.As institute
Displaying, signal offset (being shown as region 604) with relative small amount of information (being shown as region 602), with big.
In certain embodiments, component 512 is removed around can be used and further handles PPG signal S1 (t), the surrounding is moved
Except component is operated to remove the surrounding of signal component (but this processing is optional and will not be described here in detail).
The MCU 520 for having received PPG signal S1 (t) numeral expression performs processing to produce shifted signal.The skew
Signal can be based on selected predetermined value by MCU 520 and select or determine so that be multiplied by gain, subtracted the signal S1 (t) of deviant
In the ADC of sensor dynamic range.When S1 (t) is received by MCU 520, deviant dynamically updates.In some realities
Apply in example, deviant may be selected so that adjusted signal higher than predetermined or institute's calculated minimum but also less than maximum (so that
Signal S1 (t) is in the ADC of sensor dynamic range).The sample of shifted signal is subtracted with reference to figure 6B, displaying signal S1 (t)
Illustrate.Shifted signal is provided as input into DC shifted signals buffer 516 and arrives DC subtractions component 514 for providing.
DC shifted signals buffer 516 can be included to produce appropriate offset voltage level based on the shifted signal from MCU 520
D/A converter (" DAC ").DC subtractions component 514 produces the 2nd PPG signal S2 (t), and the 2nd PPG signal S2 (t) are equivalent
In the first signal (S1 (t)) be multiplied by gain, subtract DC skew.In other words, the output of DC subtractions component 514 is generally equivalent to
The AC components for remaining with a certain DC components of PPG signals.Signal S2 (t) expression is shown in figure 6 c.In general, offset
(illustrated in Fig. 6 B) is selected to allow using gain (applied in Fig. 6 C) while is maintained at the dynamic range of system
It is interior.As a result it is the signal S2 (t) with larger AC components.Signal S2 (t) is provided to the 2nd ADC (such as Fig. 4 ADC 434)
Represent to arrive MCU 520 for providing to produce signal S2 (t) numeral.
Referring now to Figure 7, wherein show the expression by the PPG signals handled of MCU 520 with the time.In Fig. 7 top
In point, signal S1 (t) is shown with the time.As demonstrated, the skew determined by MCU 520 can change over time, but be selected so that
Obtain the dynamic range that signal S2 (t) is not extended past the ADC of system.MCU 520 stores S1 (t), S2 (t), gain and skew (t)
Signal message, and this signal message and time cycle (signal message is related for its) be associated.With by each time
Cycle separated vertical line charting illustrates the different time cycle (having some deviants shown in level 1ADC charts).MCU
520 can then perform processing to reconstruct PPG signals.With reference to figure 8, the executable processing of MCU 520, can to construct PPG signal S3 (t)
The PPG signal S3 (t) are calculated according to S1 (t), S2 (t), gain and skew (t).In general, S3 (t) is equivalent to S1 (t) and multiplied
Skew (t) is multiplied by plus gain with gain or S2 (t).Gained signal (S3 (t)) allows MCU 520 to larger resolution ratio
Signal, which performs, to be handled and differentiates the AC components of PPG signals without expensive high resolution A/D C or over sampling.In this way, implement
Example provides larger resolution ratio for PPG signals, because the DC components of PPG signals can be subtracted before amplification.
In addition, embodiment allows to measure on different types of biometric and operate monitoring device.For example, with figure
The consistent device of the embodiment that is shown in 4 and 5 can to obtain, for heart rate, (it can be used with green wavelength operation through operating
Photodiode) and both SpO2 (it can be used with the photodiode of red and infrared wavelength operation) measurement.According to
Some embodiments, DC subtractions component 514 are operated independently of using which operator scheme.In certain embodiments, when device with
During obtaining the operation of the pattern of heart rate measurement, enable with the photodiode 502 of green wavelength operation (or by multiplexer
510 selection photodiodes 502 are as PPG signal sources) and offset control signal is set equal to zero.When device is with obtaining
The pattern operation of SpO2 measurements when, enable with the photodiode 504 of red and infrared wavelength operation (or by multiplexer
510 selection photodiodes 504 are as PPG signal sources) and determine offset control signal as described above.In addition, depend on
In selected operator scheme, MCU 520 can be enabled to reconstruction signal S3 (t) (as demonstrated in Figure 8) or can disable signal reconstruction.
For example, when device is with SpO2 measurement operator scheme operations, offset control signal and MCU are determined as described above
520 are configured to perform signal reconstruction.When device is operated with heart rate measurement operator scheme, offset control signal is set to zero
And MCU 520 is configured to not perform signal reconstruction.In this way, embodiment allows multiple operation moulds using same components
Formula, the AC components of resoluting signal are carried out without expensive high resolution A/D C (especially for SpO2 operator schemes).
Preceding figures represent the logical architecture for describing the process according to some embodiments, and actual embodiment can wrap
Containing the more or different component otherwise arranged.Other topologys can be used together with other embodiments.In addition, herein
Described each system can be real by any number device via the individual other public and/or private network communication of any number
Apply.In such computing device both or both more than can be located remote from one another and can be via the network of any known way
And/or special connection communicates with one another.Each device can include and be adapted to provide for function described herein and any other
Any the number hardware and/or software element of function.For example, based on any in the embodiment of some embodiments
The processor for causing computing device to configuration processor code as described in this article and operating can be included by calculating device.
Module described herein and component can with hardware, perform firmware and/or the processor of software instruction or its
Any combinations are implemented.For example, the memory portion of processing module can be (such as following with one or more storage arrangements
One or more of：Disk, CD, random access memory (RAM), video-ram, flash memory etc.) implement.It is similar
The following can be used in the processing unit of ground, processing or control module (for example, such as Fig. 4 light source control module 412)
One or more of implement：Discrete component, integrated circuit, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), programmable logic device (PLD)
Deng.If module, processor and/or processing unit are implemented using the processor for performing firmware and/or software instruction, then soft
Part or firmware instructions can be stored in any computer-readable memory (such as be stored in disk, on CD, RAM or ROM or
Flash memory, processor memory (for example, cache memory) etc. in).Perform the place of firmware and/or software instruction
Reason device may include general processor or application specific processor (such as digital signal processor (DSP), graphics processor etc.).
It is understood by those skilled in the art that, the various changes and modification of embodiment described above can be without departing substantially from power
Configured in the case of the scope and spirit of sharp claim.It is to be understood, therefore, that it may differ from putting into practice as specifically described herein
Claims.
Claims (60)
1. a kind of method for being used to handle photo-plethysmographic PPG signals in monitoring device, methods described include：
Reception pattern selection signal, first operator scheme and the prison of the mode select signal at least in the monitoring device
Specified between the second operator scheme of survey device；
Changeover module is operated to select at least the first light at least when the mode select signal specifies the first operator scheme
Source and select secondary light source when the mode select signal specifies the second operator scheme；
The selected one in the first light source and the secondary light source as described in being selected as the changeover module is operated with generating source
Optical signal；
Obtain and represent the first data signal for detecting optical signal from the selected light；
It is based at least partially on the selected operator scheme and produces the second data signal from first data signal；And
Second data signal is provided to processor for measuring the property of blood flow.
2. according to the method for claim 1, wherein the first operator scheme is to measure the pattern of heart rate.
3. according to the method for claim 1, wherein the second operator scheme is to measure the pattern of blood oxygenation level.
4. according to the method for claim 2, wherein first light source is the light transmitting operated in green wavelength region
Device.
5. according to the method for claim 3, wherein the secondary light source operates at least included in red wavelength region
First optical transmitting set and at least the second optical transmitting set operated in infrared wavelength region.
6. according to the method for claim 3, wherein first data signal is represented with non-pulsating component and pulsation
The signal for detecting optical signal of component, methods described further comprise：
Offset control signal is produced according to the estimation to the non-pulsating component.
7. according to the method for claim 6, wherein subtracting the offset control signal simultaneously from the detected optical signal
To producing second data signal after the signal application gain after subtracting, methods described further comprises：
Produce the reconstructed signal calculated from one or more of the gain and the following：
(i) first data signal, and
(ii) second data signal and the offset control signal.
8. according to the method for claim 6, included wherein producing the offset control signal：
Select the value of the offset control signal so that first number adjusted by the gain and the offset control signal
Word signal is no more than range threshold.
9. according to the method for claim 6, included wherein producing the offset control signal：
Select the initial value of the offset control signal；
It is determined that first data signal adjusted by the initial value of the gain and the offset control signal surpasses really
Cross range threshold；
Select the successor value of the offset control signal；And
It is determined that first data signal adjusted by the successor value of the gain and the offset control signal is no more than
The range threshold.
10. according to the method for claim 7, it further comprises：
Being represented with the numeral of time for the detected optical signal is constructed based on a series of reconstructed output signals.
11. according to the method for claim 10, wherein the construction numeral with the time represents to include：
The value of second data signal and the value of the offset control signal are identified at a time point；And
Produced using the described value of second data signal, the described value of the offset control signal and the gain described
Numeral of the detected optical signal at the time point represents.
12. according to the method for claim 2, it further comprises：
Disable skew control assembly.
13. according to the method for claim 2, it further comprises：
The value of offset control signal is set to zero effectively to disable skew control assembly.
14. according to the method for claim 1, wherein by Photoelectric Detection after source optical signal and skin histology interaction
Device detects the detected optical signal, and wherein methods described further comprises：
Operations detector changeover module between multiple photoelectric detectors to switch over.
15. a kind of photo-plethysmographic monitoring device, it includes：
Interface, it is at least operated with selection instruction in a receiving mode, the mode selection command the first of the monitoring device
Specified between the second operator scheme of pattern and the monitoring device；
Changeover module, it is in response to the mode selection command, by specifying described first when the mode selection command
At least operation of the first light source is enabled during operator scheme and is opened when the mode selection command specifies the second operator scheme
The generating source optical signal with the operation of at least secondary light source；
Photodetection assembly, its through operate with obtain represent from selected light detection optical signal the first data signal；
Control circuit, it is produced through operating with being based at least partially on the mode selection command from first data signal
Second data signal；And
The non-transitory computer-readable media of one or more processors and store instruction, the instruction cause institute when executed
State one or more processors and handle second data signal to measure the property of blood flow.
16. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 15, wherein the first operator scheme is to measure
The pattern of heart rate.
17. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 15, wherein the second operator scheme is to measure
The pattern of blood oxygenation level.
18. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 16, wherein first light source is in green wavelength region
The optical transmitting set operated in domain.
19. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 17, wherein the secondary light source is included in red wavelength
At least the first optical transmitting set operated in region and at least the second optical transmitting set operated in infrared wavelength region.
20. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 17, wherein first data signal is to represent have
The signal for detecting optical signal of non-pulsating component and flutter component, the photo-plethysmographic monitoring device further comprise non-temporary
When property computer-readable instruction, the non-transitory computer-readable instruction cause one or more described processing when executed
Device：
Offset control signal is produced according to the estimation to the non-pulsating component.
21. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 20, wherein subtracting institute from the detected optical signal
State offset control signal and to producing second data signal, the body of light after the signal application gain after subtracting
Product traces monitoring device and further comprises non-transitory computer-readable instruction, and the non-transitory computer-readable instruction is in quilt
Cause one or more described processors during execution：
Produce the reconstructed signal calculated from one or more of the gain and the following：
(i) first data signal, and
(ii) second data signal and the offset control signal.
22. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 21, wherein producing the offset control signal comprising non-
Temporary computer-readable instruction, the non-transitory computer-readable instruction cause one or more described processing when executed
Device：
Select the value of the offset control signal so that first number adjusted by the gain and the offset control signal
Word signal is no more than range threshold.
23. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 22, wherein described believe to produce the skew control
Number instruction further include non-transitory computer-readable instruction, the non-transitory computer-readable instruction is when executed
Cause one or more described processors：
Select the initial value of the offset control signal；
It is determined that first data signal adjusted by the initial value of the gain and the offset control signal surpasses really
Cross range threshold；
Select the successor value of the offset control signal；And
It is determined that first data signal adjusted by the successor value of the gain and the offset control signal is no more than
The range threshold.
24. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 21, it further comprises that non-transitory is computer-readable
Instruction, the non-transitory computer-readable instruction cause one or more described processors when executed：
Being represented with the numeral of time for the detected optical signal is constructed based on a series of reconstructed output signals.
25. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 24, wherein construction is described to represent bag with the numeral of time
Contain：
The value of second data signal and the value of the offset control signal are identified at a time point；And
Produced using the described value of second data signal, the described value of the offset control signal and the gain described
Numeral of the detected optical signal at the time point represents.
26. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 16, it further comprises that non-transitory is computer-readable
Instruction, the non-transitory computer-readable instruction cause one or more described processors when executed：
Disable skew control assembly.
27. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 16, it further comprises that non-transitory is computer-readable
Instruction, the non-transitory computer-readable instruction cause one or more described processors when executed：
The value of offset control signal is set to zero effectively to disable skew control assembly.
A kind of 28. non-transitory computer for storing the executable instruction for handling photo-plethysmographic signal in monitoring device
Readable media, the instruction cause one or more processors when executed：
Receive the signal for the operator scheme for selecting the monitoring device；
Changeover module is operated to select the first light source in the first mode of operation and select secondary light source in this second mode of operation；
The selected one in first light source and the secondary light source is operated with generating source optical signal；
Obtain the first data signal for representing to detect optical signal；
It is based at least partially on the selected operator scheme and produces the second data signal；And
Second data signal is provided to processor for measuring the property of blood flow.
29. the executable instruction according to claim 28 stored for handling photo-plethysmographic signal in monitoring device
Non-transitory computer-readable media, wherein first operator scheme is to measure the pattern of heart rate.
30. the executable instruction according to claim 28 stored for handling photo-plethysmographic signal in monitoring device
Non-transitory computer-readable media, wherein second operator scheme is to measure the pattern of blood oxygenation level.
31. a kind of method for being used in the monitoring device of the property of measurement blood flow handle photo-plethysmographic PPG signals, the side
Method includes：
Obtain and represent the first data signal for detecting optical signal with non-pulsating component and flutter component；
Offset control signal is produced according to the estimation to the non-pulsating component；
From the detected optical signal subtract the offset control signal and to the signal application gain after subtracting it
After produce the second data signal；And
Produce the reconstructed signal calculated from one or more of the gain and the following：
(i) first data signal, and
(ii) second data signal and the offset control signal.
32. according to the method for claim 31, included wherein producing the offset control signal：
Select the value of the offset control signal so that first number adjusted by the gain and the offset control signal
Word signal is no more than range threshold.
33. according to the method for claim 32, included wherein producing the offset control signal：
Select the initial value of the offset control signal；
It is determined that first data signal adjusted by the initial value of the gain and the offset control signal surpasses really
Cross range threshold；
Select the successor value of the offset control signal；And
It is determined that first data signal adjusted by the successor value of the gain and the offset control signal is no more than
The range threshold.
34. according to the method for claim 31, it further comprises：
Being represented with the numeral of time for the detected optical signal is constructed based on a series of reconstructed output signals.
35. according to the method for claim 34, wherein the construction numeral with the time represents to include：
The value of second data signal and the value of the offset control signal are identified at a time point；And
Produced using the described value of second data signal, the described value of the offset control signal and the gain described
Numeral of the detected optical signal at the time point represents.
36. according to the method for claim 31, wherein second data signal represents that first signal subtracts skew
The value of component.
37. according to the method for claim 31, wherein the detected optical signal represents to interact with skin histology
Source optical signal afterwards, wherein methods described further comprise：
Operation changeover module produces the source optical signal to be switched between multiple optical transmitting sets.
38. according to the method for claim 31, wherein being examined after source optical signal interacts with skin histology by photoelectricity
Survey device and detect the detected optical signal, wherein methods described further comprises：
Changeover module is operated to be switched between multiple photoelectric detectors.
39. according to the method for claim 37, wherein the first optical transmitting set launches light and second in first wave length region
Optical transmitting set launches light in second wave length region.
40. according to the method for claim 39, wherein the 3rd optical transmitting set launches light in the 3rd wavelength region.
41. according to the method for claim 40, wherein first, second and third wavelength region be about 528nm,
One of 660nm and 940nm.
42. according to the method for claim 37, wherein the switching between the multiple optical transmitting set is based on described
The selected operator scheme of monitoring device and carry out.
43. according to the method for claim 31, it further comprises：
Before second data signal is produced, signal is removed from first data signal, the signal corresponds to described
The component of the not operating result of the first or second optical transmitting set of detected optical signal.
44. according to the method for claim 31, it further comprises first data signal, the skew control letter
Number and one or more of second data signal be stored in time series data collection in memory.
45. according to the method for claim 31, wherein the offset control signal is selected to ensure that first numeral
Signal and gain are no more than predetermined dynamic range.
46. according to the method for claim 31, wherein being examined after source optical signal interacts with skin histology by photoelectricity
Survey device and detect the detected optical signal, wherein methods described further comprises：
Operation transmitter changeover module produces the source optical signal to be switched between multiple optical transmitting sets；And
Operations detector changeover module between multiple photoelectric detectors to switch over.
47. a kind of photo-plethysmographic monitoring device, it includes：
One or more processors；
The non-transitory computer-readable media of store instruction, the instruction cause one or more described processing when executed
Device：
Obtain and represent the first data signal for detecting optical signal with DC components and flutter component；
Offset control signal is produced according to the estimation to the DC components；
By subtracting the offset control signal and to the signal application gain after subtracting from first data signal
And produce the second data signal；And
Produce the reconstructed signal calculated from one or more of the gain and the following：
(i) first data signal, and
(ii) second data signal and the offset control signal.
48. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 47, it further comprises that non-transitory is computer-readable
Instruction, the non-transitory computer-readable instruction cause one or more described processors when executed：
Switch is operated to be switched between not light emitters with generating source optical signal.
49. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 47, wherein the first optical transmitting set is in first wave length region
Middle transmitting light, the second optical transmitting set launches light in second wave length region and the 3rd optical transmitting set is launched in the 3rd wavelength region
Light.
50. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 49, wherein first, second and third wavelength region
It is selected from：(i) it is in about 528nm green wavelength；(ii) it is in about 660nm red wavelength；And (iii) is in about 940nm's
Infrared wavelength.
51. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 47, included wherein producing the offset control signal：
Select the value of the offset control signal so that first number adjusted by the gain and the offset control signal
Word signal is no more than range threshold.
52. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 51, included wherein producing the offset control signal：
Select the initial value of the offset control signal；
It is determined that first data signal adjusted by the initial value of the gain and the offset control signal surpasses really
Cross range threshold；
Select the successor value of the offset control signal；And
It is determined that first data signal adjusted by the successor value of the gain and the offset control signal is no more than
The range threshold.
53. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 47, it further comprises：
Being represented with the numeral of time for the detected optical signal is constructed based on a series of reconstructed output signals.
54. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 53, wherein construction is described to represent bag with the numeral of time
Contain：
The value of second data signal and the value of the offset control signal are identified at a time point；And
Produced using the described value of second data signal, the described value of the offset control signal and the gain described
Numeral of the detected optical signal at the time point represents.
55. photo-plethysmographic monitoring device according to claim 47, wherein second data signal represents described the
One signal subtracts certain part of offset component.
A kind of 56. executable instruction stored for handling photo-plethysmographic signal in the monitoring device of the property of measurement blood flow
Non-transitory computer-readable media, the instruction causes one or more processors when executed：
Obtain and represent the first data signal for detecting optical signal with DC components and flutter component；
Offset control signal is produced according to the estimation to the DC components；
By subtracting the offset control signal and to the signal application gain after subtracting from first data signal
And produce the second data signal；And
Produce the reconstructed signal calculated from one or more of the gain and the following：
(i) first data signal, and
(ii) second data signal and the offset control signal.
57. the executable instruction according to claim 56 stored for handling photo-plethysmographic signal in monitoring device
Non-transitory computer-readable media, wherein it is described to produce the instruction of the offset control signal include to carry out with
The instruction of lower operation：
Select the value of the offset control signal so that first number adjusted by the gain and the offset control signal
Word signal is no more than range threshold.
58. the executable instruction according to claim 57 stored for handling photo-plethysmographic signal in monitoring device
Non-transitory computer-readable media, wherein it is described to produce the instruction of the offset control signal further include to
Carry out the instruction of following operation：
Select the initial value of the offset control signal；
It is determined that first data signal adjusted by the initial value of the gain and the offset control signal surpasses really
Cross range threshold；
Select the successor value of the offset control signal；And
It is determined that first data signal adjusted by the successor value of the gain and the offset control signal is no more than
The range threshold.
59. the executable instruction according to claim 56 stored for handling photo-plethysmographic signal in monitoring device
Non-transitory computer-readable media, it further comprises the instruction operated below：
Being represented with the numeral of time for the detected optical signal is constructed based on a series of reconstructed output signals.
60. the executable instruction according to claim 59 stored for handling photo-plethysmographic signal in monitoring device
Non-transitory computer-readable media, wherein the instruction represented to construct the numeral with the time further includes
To the instruction operated below：
The value of second data signal and the value of the offset control signal are identified at a time point；And
Produced using the described value of second data signal, the described value of the offset control signal and the gain described
Numeral of the detected optical signal at the time point represents.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US15/223,589 US10219711B2 (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2016-07-29 | Circuits and methods for photoplethysmographic sensors |
| US15/223,678 US9730644B1 (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2016-07-29 | Circuits and methods for selecting a mode of operation of a photoplethysmographic sensor |
| US15/223,678 | 2016-07-29 | ||
| US15/223,589 | 2016-07-29 |
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