CN107654219A - A kind of steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system and technique - Google Patents
A kind of steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system and technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN107654219A CN107654219A CN201711069791.3A CN201711069791A CN107654219A CN 107654219 A CN107654219 A CN 107654219A CN 201711069791 A CN201711069791 A CN 201711069791A CN 107654219 A CN107654219 A CN 107654219A
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- steam
- reservoir
- exploitation
- natural gas
- pipeline
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011549 displacement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000021760 high fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/2405—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection in association with fracturing or crevice forming processes
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system and technique, the system mainly by steam generator 9, exploitation well shaft 5, high steam pipeline 3, hot water pipeline 4, natural gas line 6 and connects wellhead assembly 11 and formed, pit shaft 5 passes through cap rock 1 from ground, into gas hydrates reservoir 2, there are high steam pipeline 3, hot water pipeline 4, natural gas line 6 in pit shaft.The technique includes：High temperature and high pressure steam, HTHP liquid water import reservoir by high steam pipeline, hot water pipeline, gas hydrates obtain energy from steam and decompose release natural gas, natural gas flows into recovery well by reservoir, enters gathering system by natural gas line outflow ground；Hydrogel is added in aqueous water, after being mixed with the water after steam liquefied and the water of decomposition of hydrate, gelatinous mass, stable reservoir are formed into reservoir gap.The principle of the invention is reliable, easy to operation, helps to realize that the safe and efficient exploitation of gas hydrates utilizes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of exploitation of gas hydrates field, tapped natural gas hydration more particularly to using steaming process
Thing system and technique.
Background technology
Gas hydrates are up to 2 × 10 as a kind of new unconventional energy resource, the at present reserves in the whole world16m3, its is organic
The content of carbon be coal, oil, 2 times of natural gas three's sum.Therefore, the utilization of gas hydrates can alleviate the whole world significantly
Energy crisis.However, gas hydrates are present in seabed unconsolidated sediment, Permafrost Area deposit or crack more, such as
Exploit and improper the geological disasters such as serious formation collapse, sea slide or tsunami occur.
Currently used gas hydrate mining methods mainly include：Voltage drop method, heating, displacement method and inhibitor
Method etc..Wherein heating because its it is simple to operate, security is of a relatively high the characteristics of, be that the most frequently used gas hydrates are opened at present
One of excavating technology.The heating to stratum hydrate is realized, need to just be taken heat in stratum to by means of certain heat carrier,
Change the temperature on stratum, and then dissolve solid hydrate, natural gas discharges in a gaseous form.Patent
CN103015959A, CN106930740A and CN107130944A are proposed a kind of carries out heating exploitation to stratum hydrate
Technique, its heat carrier used is mostly water or salt solution.Using water specific heat capacity it is big the characteristics of, heat is brought into ground by aqueous water
Layer is for needed for decomposition of hydrate.However, under condition of normal pressure, the water of unit mole, 100 DEG C are warming up to by 0 DEG C, the heat of absorption
Only 5800kJ, and at 100 DEG C, water is changed into gaseous state from liquid, and because enthalpy of phase change is larger, phase transition process caloric receptivity is up to
41000kJ.Therefore, the more efficient of stratum Billy's hot water is heated using water vapour.High fever of the invention based on vapor
Enthalpy feature and hydrate exploitation must undergo phase transition the characteristic of decomposition, there is provided a kind of efficiently feasible production technique and system.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system, the system principle can
Lean on, it is easy to operation, mainly including pit shaft, steam pipe, filling pipe, outlet conduit and natural gas extraction pipeline etc., lead to
The system is crossed, can effectively reduce the dosage that heating carries out heat carrier in hydrate recovery process, solves hydrate exploitation pair
The problem of formation influence.
Another object of the present invention also resides in the technique provided using said system exploitation of gas hydrate, and the technique is filled
Divide has higher latent heat and decomposition of hydrate to need substantial amounts of heat energy two major features using steam, by steam and a small amount of high-temperature liquid state
Water separately injects reservoir simultaneously, is exchanged heat with gas hydrates, and steam cooling liquefaction, solid hydrate decomposes, and what is obtained is natural
Gas helps to realize that the safe and efficient exploitation of gas hydrates utilizes through pipeline to ground.
To reach above technical purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme.
High temperature and high pressure steam is imported into reservoir by being connected the pipeline of well head to reservoir with a small amount of HTHP liquid water, steamed
Vapour occurs heat exchange with gas hydrates in reservoir and is changed into liquid phase, and discharges substantial amounts of heat, and gas hydrates lead to
Cross from steam and obtain energy and decompose release natural gas, natural gas flows into pit shaft by reservoir, is then entered by pit shaft outflow ground
Gathering system is exploited；A certain amount of hydrogel is added with high temperature liquid water simultaneously, with the water and hydrate after steam liquefied
After the water mixing of decomposition, into reservoir gap, the gelatinous mass with certain supporting role can be formed after cooling, so as to steady
Determine reservoir.
A kind of steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system, mainly steamed by steam generator, exploitation well shaft, high pressure
Steam pipe road, hot water pipeline, natural gas line and connect wellhead assembly composition, it is described exploitation well shaft pass through cap rock from ground, enter
Enter gas hydrates reservoir, have high steam pipeline, hot water pipeline, natural gas line, the height in the exploitation well shaft
Pressure jet chimney, hot water pipeline are passed through by connecing steam generator of the wellhead assembly connection positioned at ground, the natural gas line
Connect wellhead assembly connection surface gathering system.
The system also includes outlet conduit, leads to ground, can be by operative liquid water after the pressure in pit shaft reaches certain value
Ground is recycled back to by the outlet conduit.
As prioritization scheme, the exploitation well shaft can be vertical, inclined, or horizontal, can be individual well,
Can be that more well groups close.
As prioritization scheme, high steam pipeline can be mounted in one or more pipeline in pit shaft, can also make
With well cementation tubing string, steam injection can be continuous or interval, or periodically.
As prioritization scheme, natural gas line can be one, can also be more, gas production can be it is continuous, can also
It is interval, or periodically.
It is as follows using the technique of said system exploitation of gas hydrate, process：HTHP caused by steam generator
Steam, HTHP liquid water import reservoir by high steam pipeline, hot water pipeline respectively（High temperature and high pressure steam is high with high temperature
Pressure aqueous water can play a part of destroying hydrate reservoir）, steam in reservoir with gas hydrates occur heat exchange become
For liquid phase, and substantial amounts of heat is discharged, gas hydrates decompose release natural gas by obtaining energy from steam, naturally
Gas flows into exploitation well shaft by reservoir, then enters gathering system by natural gas line outflow ground；The HTHP liquid
A certain amount of hydrogel is added with water, after being mixed with the water after steam liquefied and the water of decomposition of hydrate, is stitched into reservoir
In gap, the gelatinous mass with certain supporting role is formed after cooling, plays a part of stable reservoir mechanical property, avoids water
Geological disaster caused by compound exploitation.
The temperature of the steam must be less than the critical-temperature under the reservoir natural gas extraction pressure condition.
The present invention injects steam into gas hydrates reservoir, allows it to release potential, and gas hydrates are thermally decomposed,
Natural gas is discharged, production pit shaft is flowed through and is plucked out of the ground.Substantial amounts of latent heat, about 100 can be discharged during due to steam liquefied
DEG C water cools to 25 DEG C of discharge heat 7 times, therefore the dosage of steam is only the 15% left of liquid water consumption under the same terms
It is right.
Steam is used in the system, also with high pressure characteristics, hydrate reservoir can be destroyed to a certain extent, produce one
Fixed crack, promote heat transfer process, promote the decomposition of hydrate and the release of natural gas.
A small amount of HTHP liquid water is utilized in the system simultaneously, a certain amount of hydrogel is with the addition of in aqueous water,
Stratum is injected by pit shaft, further fracturing stratum, into ground layer gap, mixed with the liquid water of steam condensation, with natural gas
Hydrate exchanges heat, and after condensation, forms gelatinous solid, is present in pressure break gap, and the geological disaster such as prevent from caving in, come down.
As prioritization scheme, when water exceedes design load in pit shaft, ground can be flowed out to through outlet conduit, then through gas-liquid
Separation, isolates natural gas soluble in water.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
（1）Heat is carried to gas hydrates reservoir using water vapour, because the enthalpy of phase change of water vapour is larger, is up under normal pressure
2270kJ/kg, it is that 100 DEG C of water cool to 25 DEG C of discharge heat 7 times, equivalent to the heat carrier dosage for reducing nearly 80%；
（2）Using the squeezable feature of gas volume, steam is pressurised into high steam, is passed through stratum, can played certain
Pressure break acts on, and making heat, range of scatter is wider in the earth formation；
（3）While high steam fracturing stratum, externally acting radiating, the Wen Duxiajiang of itself, steam condensate, aqueous water
Into pressure break gap, wherein the hydrogel added is also dissolved in the water in pressure break gap, after cooling, being formed, there is certain support to make
Gel, avoid exploitation of gas hydrates and cause formation collapse.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system.
Fig. 2 is drilling well sectional view.
In figure：1 is cap rock, and 2 be gas hydrates reservoir, and 3 be high steam pipeline, and 4 be hot water pipeline, and 5 be pit shaft,
6 be natural gas line, and 7 be natural gas, and 8 be high temperature and high pressure steam, and 9 be steam generator, and 10 be HTHP liquid water, and 11 are
Wellhead assembly is connect, 12 be outlet conduit.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by accompanying drawing.Herein it should be noted that only technical solution of the present invention is done into
One step is described in detail and illustrated, but is not used in the limitation present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
A kind of steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system, mainly by steam generator 9, exploitation well shaft 5, high pressure
Jet chimney 3, hot water pipeline 4, natural gas line 6 and connect wellhead assembly 11 and form, the exploitation well shaft 5 passes through from ground
Cap rock 1, into gas hydrates reservoir 2, there are high steam pipeline 3, hot water pipeline 4, natural gas in the exploitation well shaft 5
Pipeline 6, the high steam pipeline 3, hot water pipeline 4 are by connecing the connection of wellhead assembly 11 positioned at the steam generator 9 on ground, institute
State natural gas line 6 and connect surface gathering system by connecing wellhead assembly 11.
There is outlet conduit 12 in the pit shaft, lead to ground, can be through outlet pipe when water exceedes design load in pit shaft
Road flows out ground, then through gas-liquid separation, isolates natural gas soluble in water.
As shown in figure 1, the steam generator 9 produces high temperature and high pressure steam 8, injected naturally by high steam pipeline 3
Gas hydrate reservoir 2, heat exchange occurs with the gas hydrates in reservoir, discharges sensible heat, then undergoes phase transition, discharge
The substantial amounts of heat of transformation, a large amount of decomposition of hydrate, discharges natural gas（Methane）7；Methane enters pit shaft 5, defeated by natural gas line 6
Deliver to ground.
The temperature of the steam at ambient pressure, should be no more than 540 DEG C, specific injection pressure must be according to gas hydrates
Reservoir property determine that the temperature of steam then determines according to injection pressure, in principle no more than critical-temperature.
HTHP liquid water 10 in the hot water pipeline may also function as the effect of pressure break natural gas reservoirs, due to wherein
Hydrogel is with the addition of, under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, the solubility of hydrogel is larger, therefore can suitably reduce the amount of liquid water；Its
Entrained heat exchanges heat with hydrate, makes its decomposition, itself then cools, and hydrogel gel is present in hydrate after cooling
In reservoir and reservoir gap, hydrate reservoir is protected, the geological disaster such as prevent from caving in, come down.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system, mainly by steam generator（9）, exploitation well shaft（5）, it is high Press jet chimney（3）, hot water pipeline（4）, natural gas line（6）And connect wellhead assembly（11）Composition, it is characterised in that described Exploit well shaft（5）Cap rock is passed through from ground（1）, into gas hydrates reservoir（2）, the exploitation well shaft（5）In have High steam pipeline（3）, hot water pipeline（4）, natural gas line（6）, the high steam pipeline（3）, hot water pipeline（4）Pass through Connect wellhead assembly（11）Steam generator of the connection positioned at ground（9）, the natural gas line（6）By connecing wellhead assembly（11） Connect surface gathering system.
- A kind of 2. steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the pit shaft It is interior to also have outlet conduit（12）Lead to ground.
- A kind of 3. steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the exploitation Well shaft can be vertical, inclined, or horizontal.
- A kind of 4. steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the high pressure Jet chimney can be mounted in one or more pipeline in pit shaft, can also use well cementation tubing string.
- 5. a kind of steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described natural Feed channel can be one, can also be more.
- It is 6. as follows using the technique of the system exploitation of gas hydrate described in claim 1,2,3,4 or 5, process：Steam is sent out High temperature and high pressure steam, HTHP liquid water import reservoir by high steam pipeline, hot water pipeline respectively caused by raw device, steam Vapour occurs heat exchange with gas hydrates in reservoir and is changed into liquid phase, and discharges amount of heat, and gas hydrates pass through Energy is obtained from steam and decomposes release natural gas, and natural gas flows into exploitation well shaft by reservoir, then by natural gas line stream Go out ground and enter gathering system；The water being added with the HTHP liquid water after hydrogel, with steam liquefied and hydration After the water mixing that thing decomposes, into reservoir gap, the gelatinous mass with supporting role, stable reservoir are formed.
- 7. the technique of exploitation of gas hydrate as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the temperature of the steam must be less than Critical-temperature under the reservoir natural gas extraction pressure condition.
- 8. the technique of exploitation of gas hydrate as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that steam injection can be it is continuous, Can also be interval, or periodically；Gas production can be continuous or interval, or periodically.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711069791.3A CN107654219A (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2017-11-03 | A kind of steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system and technique |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711069791.3A CN107654219A (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2017-11-03 | A kind of steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system and technique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107654219A true CN107654219A (en) | 2018-02-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711069791.3A Pending CN107654219A (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2017-11-03 | A kind of steam soak method exploitation of gas hydrate system and technique |
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| CN (1) | CN107654219A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2020258700A1 (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-30 | 南京延长反应技术研究院有限公司 | Green process for exploiting combustible ice |
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2017
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Application publication date: 20180202 |