CN107635818B - Operating device with fast haptic feedback - Google Patents
Operating device with fast haptic feedback Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an operating device with haptic feedback for a vehicle, comprising a touch-sensitive position detection device (30) for determining a touch position as an input parameter on a touch surface (31) of the touch-sensitive position detection device (30); actuator means (50) coupled to the touch-sensitive position detection means (30) for generating a haptically perceivable feedback on the touch surface (31); and an operating logic (1030) which is designed to carry out a function and/or a triggering of the vehicle system as a function of the detected input parameters, wherein the touch-sensitive position detection device (30) and the actuator device (50) are designed in an operating device (2) with the haptic control device (100), and the operating logic (1030) is designed in a central control device (330) which is separate from the operating device (2) and is coupled to the operating device (2) in terms of information technology, and the detected input parameters are transmitted both to the central control device (330) and to the haptic control device (100), wherein the haptic control device (100) comprises a memory device (133) in which a plurality of different templates (401-, and the operating logic (1030) is designed to transmit a template signal for selecting or generating the current template to the haptic control device (100), and wherein the haptic control device (100) has a comparison device (140) which compares the input parameter detected by the contact in the operating device (2) in the input of the user by means of the operating device (2) with at least one trigger condition of the current template to confirm whether the detected input parameter satisfies the at least one trigger condition, and the haptic control device (100) is designed to control the actuator device (50) to generate the haptic feedback if the comparison device (140) has confirmed that the at least one trigger condition is satisfied. The invention also relates to a method for detecting a user input.
Description
The invention relates to a touch-sensitive operating device having a touch-sensitive position detection device, wherein the operating device generates a haptic feedback during operation. The invention relates in particular to an operating device having an operating device and a central control device which is designed separately from the operating device and is coupled to the central control device in terms of information technology, wherein the touch-sensitive position detection device is designed with an actuator device for generating a haptic feedback in the operating device.
In modern motor vehicles, a large number of functions and vehicle systems need to be operated. Since the installation space in vehicles is limited and therefore individual operating elements assigned to specific functions and vehicle systems cannot be designed and arranged for each vehicle system and each vehicle function, these vehicle systems and operating functions are usually operated or made operable today by means of a multifunctional display and operating device. These multifunction displays and operating devices are usually arranged in the center console of the motor vehicle and usually comprise a freely programmable display surface and tangible operating elements, such as keys, rotary pulse generators or the like, arranged adjacent to the display surface. The functions assigned to the individual tangible operating elements in the different display and operating scenarios are graphically displayed by means of a graphical display on a freely programmable display surface. These graphical displays are referred to as operating element configurations.
In order to further increase the variability, touch-sensitive position detection devices are also used in motor vehicles, which can detect the touched position of the actuating element. In this case, different positions or regions on the touch surface can be assigned different functions and/or functionalities. The configuration can be performed, for example, by means of the indicated information. In an expanded design of the display and operating device, the touch-sensitive position detection device is equipped with a freely programmable graphic display surface of the display device. In this case, the position on the touch surface of the touch-sensitive position detection device is correlated with the position on the graphical display surface. The combination of a freely programmable display surface and a touch-sensitive position detection device is referred to as a touch screen if the touch surface of the touch-sensitive position detection device is designed to be transparent and is arranged in front of the display surface. Touch-sensitive position detection devices which are not arranged in front of the freely programmable display surface are also referred to as touch panels.
When the user actuates a tangible operating element, for example a pushbutton, the tactile feedback is obtained when the stop or the triggering mechanism is reached, which also enables blind actuation of the pushbutton, particularly in motor vehicles, which cannot be achieved with conventional touch screens.
However, extended designs are known from the prior art, in which the actuator is coupled to a touch-sensitive position detection device and/or a touch screen. The actuator action produces a mechanical vibration or deflection to produce a perceptible, i.e., tactile, feedback or tactile feedback.
DE 10324580 a1 describes an operating device for controlling a system in a motor vehicle by user input via a touch-sensitive operating field on which two surface shapes can be displayed, which can be switched over one another alternately, wherein the first surface shape is structured to be perceived by touch so that a menu point can be selected by its region on the operating field. The surface of the operating field is designed as an extensible or deformable film which is connected to the film in the region of the selectable field in a non-detachable manner at the edge of the operating field and is not attached to the operating field at the remaining points, so that a first haptically structurable surface shape of the operating field can be produced by filling the space between the film and the operating field with a medium and the structurable surface shape can be merged into a second planar surface shape by discharging the medium from the space between the film and the operating field. If the operation region has a flat second surface shape, handwriting input can be performed on the operation region.
DE 102006012147 a1 describes an input device, in particular for a motor vehicle, wherein the input device comprises a housing, a display device arranged in the housing for optically displaying information, a touch-sensitive position detection device arranged above the display device for inputting commands by touching a touch surface, and an actuator for moving the touch-sensitive position detection device or the housing in at least one direction, wherein the housing can be moved relative to the display device. Such devices may provide tactile feedback upon user input.
Due to the number of vehicle functions that can be used in a vehicle and the increasing complexity of the vehicle functions that are provided, as well as due to the limited installation space, operating devices are known in which the operating device for the actual detection of the user input is designed separately from the central control device. The operating device and the central control device are coupled to each other in terms of information technology and provide the functionality of the operating device in a co-operating manner. The central control device can be designed such that it provides, in addition to the user interface for detecting user inputs, further functions and undertakes central control tasks for the vehicle functions. The operating logic of the user interface provided by the operating device is embodied in the central control unit. A user interface relating to the respective functional state can thus also be provided for more complex vehicle functions. However, haptic feedback has not yet been solved satisfactorily, since central control devices are often provided with a long processing time for the input parameters detected in the operating device, due to the fact that the functionalities compete with one another.
The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved operating device, by means of which in particular the haptic feedback, which is important for blind operation by a user, for example, is improved.
The object is achieved according to the invention by an operating device for a vehicle having haptic feedback and a method for detecting a user input for controlling and/or triggering a function and/or a vehicle system, which user input is made by means of a touch surface of a touch-sensitive position detection device operated in a touch-sensitive manner.
The basic idea of the invention is to minimize the waiting time between the implementation of a touch operation, i.e. the detection of a parameter input by a user, and the output of a haptic feedback to the user, in order to get an immediate feedback. In the long waiting time, the tactile feedback to the user no longer corresponds to a real operation, so that the user, especially an inexperienced user, can be irritated. The technical problem is solved without having to move the operating logic into the operating device by designing a haptic control device in the operating device, to which the detected input parameters are additionally transmitted. The haptic control device thus analyzes the operating parameters detected in the operating device separately from the central control device (to which the input parameters are likewise transmitted) in order to identify whether there is a user input for which haptic feedback is to be output. Less information is required for this. The preconditions that have to be fulfilled to trigger the haptic feedback are integrated in the trigger condition. One or more trigger conditions valid for a point in time are configured to the template. The template is stored in a memory of the haptic control device. The current template is selected or generated by the central control unit by means of a template signal, so that the haptic control device can immediately respond to the user input by haptic feedback without the knowledge of the operating logic when it is known from the detected input parameters that the triggering condition of the current template is fulfilled. The advantage of the invention is that the amount of data exchanged between the operating device and the central control device is reduced and at the same time the latency for haptic feedback is significantly reduced.
Definition of
An operating device is understood to be a device for detecting an input by a user. Here, a device called a display and operation device is also regarded as an operation device.
The part of the operating device which is designed on or in the housing, in which tangible user detection means for detecting user inputs are designed, is referred to as operating means.
In an operating device for user input by touch-sensitive position detection means, the operating means has all components designed into or on a housing in or on which a touch surface of the touch-sensitive position detection means is arranged, as well as a housing.
This part of the operating device is referred to as central control device, i.e. it carries out function triggering and function control of the vehicle systems and vehicle functions not directly related to the user input detection, depending on the detected input parameters. In the central control unit, therefore, the operating logic of the operating device is designed, which determines, for example, which function is triggered or activated when which input parameters are present.
A freely programmable display device is understood to mean a device having a display surface, in which temporally different information items can be graphically displayed one after the other at the same location on the display surface. Since this is controlled by the program control device, it is referred to as a freely programmable display device. The display surface of such a freely programmable display device is referred to as freely programmable display surface.
A touch-sensitive position detection device is a device with a touch surface which is usually designed to be flat and smooth and is designed to determine the position of a contact made by an operating element. This determined location is referred to as the touch location. A touch-sensitive position detection apparatus capable of detecting a plurality of touch positions simultaneously is called a multi-touch-sensitive position detection apparatus or also called a multi-touch device. They are a grouping of touch sensitive position detection devices.
If the touch surface is transparent and is coupled to a freely programmable display surface arranged behind it, the entire device is referred to as a touch screen. In this case, a single-touch-sensitive touch screen and a multi-touch-sensitive touch screen are also distinguished, which allow a plurality of touch positions of the operating element to be detected simultaneously.
The operating element is an object which is suitable for operating the touch-sensitive position detection device. Here, it generally refers to a body part, for example an extended finger, particularly preferably the index finger. Alternatively, however, a pen or other object can also be used as operating element.
The virtual operating element is an extended design of the operating element in combination with a touch-sensitive position detection device via a freely programmable display surface. Here, the virtual operation element is usually provided with a graphic display on the display surface. In addition, a trigger area is defined relative to the touch-sensitive position detection device, within which the touch position is understood as a selection of the corresponding virtual operating element.
The pressure measuring device is a measuring device capable of measuring an operation force acting perpendicular to the touch face of the position detecting device when the touch face is operated. All sensor types and sensors or sensor elements that make such a measurement possible are conceivable here.
Strain gauges are strip-shaped sensor elements that change a physically measurable property due to the strain of the strip. The strain gauges are designed in particular as resistive sensor elements, which change their electrical resistance when strained.
The control means of the device are a general term for all components arranged for analyzing detected signals or user inputs and/or for controlling the device and/or components of other devices. The components of the control device may be implemented as hardware and/or software or a combination of hardware and software. The components of the control device which are provided in the operating device of the operating device are referred to as local control devices.
The terms haptic feedback, haptic feedback and haptic feedback are synonymous. They describe effects that can be perceived by human touch with the aim of making feedback to the user of the device.
If reference is made herein to the detection or determination of pressure, this refers to a detection or determination process separate from the touch sensitive position detection means.
The triggering conditions encompass all preconditions for the detection of input parameters, which must be present to trigger the haptic feedback. The precondition is also referred to as a preset (value).
The preconditions with conditions for input parameters detected at different points in time are referred to as trend presets.
The template contains one or more trigger conditions.
Description of the preferred embodiments
In particular, an operating device for a vehicle with haptic feedback is realized, comprising:
touch-sensitive position detection means for determining a touch position as an input parameter on a touch surface of the touch-sensitive position detection means;
actuator means coupled to the touch sensitive position detection means for generating a haptically perceivable feedback on the touch surface; and
operating logic (which may also be referred to as "operating logic"), which is designed to implement the triggering of functions and/or vehicle systems in accordance with the detected input parameters,
wherein the touch-sensitive position detection device and the actuator device are embodied in an operating device and the operating logic is embodied in a central control device separate from the operating device, which is coupled to the operating device in an information-technical manner and the detected input parameters are transmitted to the haptic control device and preferably also to the central control device, wherein the haptic control device comprises a memory device in which a plurality of different templates are stored, wherein the templates each comprise at least one trigger condition for haptic feedback, and wherein the haptic control device comprises a memory device in which at least one trigger condition for haptic feedback is stored, and wherein the haptic control device comprises a control unit in which the haptic control device is configured to control the position of the actuator device and the actuator device, and wherein
The operating logic is designed to transmit a template signal for selecting or generating a current template to the haptic control device, and the haptic control device has a comparison device which compares an input parameter detected in the operating device in an input by a user via the operating device with at least one trigger condition of the current template to confirm whether the detected input parameter satisfies the at least one trigger condition, and the haptic control device is designed to control the actuator device to generate the haptic feedback if the comparison device has confirmed that the at least one trigger condition is satisfied.
A method for detecting a user input for controlling and/or triggering a function and/or a vehicle system by means of a touch surface of a touch-sensitive position detection device being operated in a touch-sensitive manner is likewise implemented, comprising the steps of:
detecting an input parameter when a touch surface of the touch sensitive position detection device is touch operated,
analyzing the detected input parameters with respect to operating logic which triggers functions and/or vehicle systems in dependence on the detected input parameters, and
when user input is detected, haptic feedback is generated on the touch surface,
wherein the detection of the input parameters takes place on an operating device which is designed separately from a central control device, which is coupled to the operating device in terms of information technology, and the evaluation of the operating logic is carried out in the central control device, wherein a template signal is transmitted by the central control device to a haptic control device of the operating device, in dependence on which template signal a current template is selected from a plurality of templates of the haptic control device or a current template is generated, wherein the templates each comprise at least one trigger condition for haptic feedback, and the input parameters detected on or in the operating device are transmitted to the haptic control device in the operating device and preferably to the central control device, and the detected input parameters are compared in the haptic control device with the at least one trigger condition, to determine whether the detected input parameter satisfies at least one trigger condition, and when a comparison of the input parameter with the at least one trigger condition results in the at least one trigger condition being satisfied, the haptic control device controls the actuator device to generate the haptic feedback.
In order to obtain immediate haptic feedback for the operation, the triggering of the haptic feedback is effected by a haptic control device integrated in the operating device. In a simple embodiment, the haptic control device only evaluates the detected pressure, for example. As soon as the first force threshold is reached or exceeded, a first haptic feedback and, if appropriate, an acoustic feedback in the form of a sound signal output synchronously in time is output. Upon next falling below a second force threshold, a second haptic feedback is output and, if necessary, a second acoustic feedback is output.
In order to prevent haptic feedback when the user presses the touch surface via the operating element at a position which is not located in the trigger area of the virtual operating element, the local haptic control device is preferably designed such that the position or area of the touch surface with the trigger area of the virtual operating element displayed on the display surface is transmitted to the local haptic control device. The force threshold is monitored in the local haptic control and the currently determined touch position is likewise checked against the touch position of the activation region. If the touch position is in the activation region and at the same time exceeds the first force threshold, a first actuator activation signal and, if appropriate, additionally a first sound activation signal are generated. Next, after falling below the second force threshold, a second actuator activation signal is generated and, if necessary, a second sound activation signal is generated. This embodiment has the advantage that the haptic feedback is generated when the operating element is operated simultaneously with and independently of the transmission time to the central computer and its processing speed, respectively. In addition, the touch position and the force value are transmitted via the bus system to a central computer, which then triggers the actual function and, if necessary, changes the graphical representation of the information displayed on the display surface.
Thus, haptic feedback is typically generated only when a touch operation is performed at a certain location or in a certain area of the touch surface. In one embodiment of the operating system, the at least one trigger condition therefore includes at least one field definition for a trigger area and the comparison device is designed to confirm that the at least one trigger condition is fulfilled only if, in the comparison of the detected input parameter with the at least one trigger condition, it is determined that the touch position detected as the input parameter is in the trigger area of the trigger condition.
The method provides according to this embodiment that a touch position is detected as an input parameter and that the at least one trigger condition comprises at least one field definition for a trigger area and that the at least one trigger condition is fulfilled only if, in a comparison of the detected input parameter with the at least one trigger condition, it is determined that the touch position detected as an input parameter is in the trigger area of the trigger condition.
Another difficulty in operating control devices equipped with a touch screen or a separate touch pad, in particular in motor vehicles, is that, due to vibrations on uneven traffic lanes or similar roads, a user may unintentionally touch the touch-sensitive position detection device or an undesired position in the front region of the operating process by means of an operating element, for example his finger. In order to avoid false triggering, it is therefore provided in some further embodiments that the pressure of the actuating element pressing against the touch-sensitive position detection device is additionally also detected for the touch position. In addition, it must generally be provided that the touch position is detected at a predetermined position or in a predetermined region associated with the virtual operating element and that the pressure also exceeds a predetermined threshold value. In this case, a function is triggered and, if the actuator is coupled directly or indirectly to the touch-sensitive position detection device, also a haptic feedback. In one embodiment of the method, therefore, provision is made for the pressure exerted during the touch-sensitive operation of the touch surface to be detected as one of the input parameters by means of a pressure measuring device coupled to the touch surface in the operating device, and for the at least one trigger condition to comprise at least one pressure preset, and for the at least one trigger condition to be satisfied to be ascertained only if the pressure detected as an input parameter satisfies the pressure preset. The operating device has a pressure measuring device coupled to the touch surface in the operating device, which detects as one of the input parameters a pressure exerted during the touch operation of the touch surface, and the at least one trigger condition comprises at least one pressure preset, and the comparison device is designed to confirm that the at least one trigger condition is fulfilled only if, in the comparison of the detected input parameter with one of the trigger conditions, it is determined that the pressure detected as the input parameter fulfils the pressure preset.
It is therefore advantageous to analyze the touch force or pressure exerted by the operating element perpendicularly to the touch surface in addition to the touch position in order to simplify the user operation, in particular the operation of the virtual operating element in an embodiment in which the touch surface is transparent and is arranged in front of a freely programmable display surface of the display device (in which embodiment the virtual operating element is graphically displayed on the display surface). In some embodiments, it is provided that the detected pressure is compared to a first force threshold value and that a first haptic feedback, i.e. a first haptic feedback, is transmitted back to the user via the touch surface when the detected actuating force or pressure reaches or exceeds the first force threshold value. The first haptic feedback should inform the user that he has pressed the virtual operating element with sufficient operating force, so that a functional triggering is now possible. Furthermore, in some embodiments, after the determined pressure exceeds the first force threshold, the actuating force or pressure is compared with a second force threshold, which is smaller than the first force threshold, and if the determined pressure or actuating force is again lower than the second force threshold, a second feedback, which is preferably different from the first haptic feedback, is output to the user by the touch surface of the touch-sensitive position detection device. The feedback scheme experienced by the user largely corresponds to the tactile perception experienced by the user when operating a key of a tangible design. The first tactile feedback corresponds, for example, to the pressing of the operating element against the stop, and the second tactile feedback corresponds, for example, to the tactile feedback occurring by the springback of the spring element when the mechanical key is released. The advantage is that the device or the method delivers a haptic feedback which produces a feeling as close as possible to the mechanical operating element, so that the user can operate blindly simply and reliably, in particular without deviating from his line of sight. In order to implement this embodiment of the operating system, it is provided that the at least one of the plurality of templates, in addition to the at least one trigger condition, also comprises at least one further trigger condition that is different from the at least one trigger condition, wherein the different trigger conditions are associated with different haptic feedbacks, wherein the different haptic feedbacks cause a different haptic sensation of the user on the touch surface. The method extends the design such that one of the plurality of templates, in addition to the at least one trigger condition, comprises at least one further trigger condition which is different from the at least one trigger condition, wherein the different trigger condition is associated with a different haptic feedback and the different haptic feedback causes a different haptic sensation of the user on the touch surface, and the detected input parameter is compared with the different trigger condition and thereby produces a different haptic feedback on the touch surface depending on the trigger condition fulfilled.
It has proven to be particularly advantageous to provide acoustic feedback in addition to the tactile feedback. To this end, a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention has a loudspeaker arranged on or in the housing and the control device has a sound-generating device which outputs sound via the loudspeaker at least in time synchronism with one of the actuator activation signals. In one embodiment, therefore, provision is made for an acoustic signal to be output on the operating device with the haptic feedback.
If multiple haptic feedbacks are generated during operation, it is preferable to output sounds through the speakers separately with the first and second haptic feedbacks. In one embodiment, it is therefore provided that the sound is output synchronously in time with the first and second haptic feedback, respectively. The two output sounds are preferably designed differently for the two haptic feedbacks.
Since the human user is able to spatially determine the sound source position, it is necessary to transmit the sound spatially close to the touch surface, which is mechanically actuated, in order to best mimic the mechanical keys by means of a touch-sensitive position detection device coupled to the display surface. The loudspeaker is therefore preferably arranged in or on a housing supporting the touch surface of the touch-sensitive position detection device.
In order to ensure a temporal synchronization with respect to the perception of the haptic feedback on the touch surface and the perception of the sound source, the operating device preferably has a delay device which delays the electronic sound activation signal relative to the actuator activation signal in such a way that the time required for the mechanical deflection of the touch surface is compensated by the delay of the electronic sound activation signal relative to the actuator activation signal, so that a pulse-like maximum deflection of the mechanical deflection is output simultaneously with the start of the sound, preferably a sound pulse. The sound activation signal enables the output of a sound or sound signal by a sound generator.
The synchronization in time improves the correspondence of sound to haptic feedback.
In one embodiment, the actuator device is designed to shift the touch surface in an oscillating manner perpendicular to its plane extent. The advantage of this embodiment is that the haptic feedback can act counter to the operating direction. The feedback can thus be implemented, for example, analogously to the restoring force of the mechanical actuating element.
Particularly preferably, the touch surface is designed to be flexurally rigid. This means that as little deflection or local deformation as possible occurs during operation. These embodiments result, in particular in actuators which effect a movement extending perpendicular to the plane of the touch surface, in that the actuator must exert a greater force on the touch surface than in embodiments in which the actuator displaces the touch surface in the plane of the planar extension and thus perpendicular to the operating direction.
In these embodiments with a feedback offset in the plane of the touch surface, a "fixed" support in the operating direction can be achieved more simply. Furthermore, actuator triggering hardly influences the pressure measurement, since only forces perpendicular to the direction of movement of the feedback, i.e. perpendicular to the touch surface, are measured in the pressure measurement. However, a disadvantage of these embodiments may be that if the touch surface is rigidly coupled to the display surface arranged behind it and the display surfaces are thus offset together during the haptic feedback, the lateral movement disturbs the visual perception of the information displayed on the display surfaces.
This information is perceived as moving or unclear, which is disadvantageous. The offset amplitude is therefore chosen such that the effect remains as minimal as possible.
The touch surface, and if appropriate the display surface of the display device, is preferably supported on the housing by leaf springs. In order to prevent dust and dirt from entering the device, the frame of the housing preferably overlaps an edge region of the touch surface or of a display device coupled to the touch surface.
Strain gauges have proven to be particularly suitable force measuring sensors, which change their electrical resistance according to their strain. The resistance of the strain gauge is determined by an electronic measurement circuit and an electronic signal representative of the pressure is generated. In a preferred embodiment, this is designed such that the signal strength is proportional to the determined pressure. In a preferred embodiment using strain gauges, a plurality of strain gauges are arranged at a plurality of bearing points on the touch surface with the housing and are evaluated jointly or individually.
In other embodiments, the touch surface is coupled to a plunger, for example, which is offset in the operating direction during touch operation. By the jack, the capacitor electrode is offset, and thus the capacitance of the capacitor changes according to the pressure transmitted through the jack. The force signal is regenerated by the electronic circuit. Embodiments of a plurality of such force measuring sensors can also be evaluated.
Still other embodiments measure pressure inductively. In inductive force measuring sensors, for example, pot-shaped magnets, which protrude into the coil, are rigidly coupled to the touch surface. When the touch surface is displaced, the pot magnet moves along the coil axis and induces induction in the coil. By inducing a current, the force triggering the movement of the pot magnet can be determined. This embodiment has the advantage that the same device for force measurement can also be used as an actuator, in order to energize the coil in a targeted manner.
A preferred embodiment has a plurality of such inductive actuator sensor arrangements, which are arranged, for example, in the four corners of a rectangular touch surface, on the rear side of a side surface, or on the rear side of a subsequent display device.
Other embodiments may provide a piezoelectric sensor for determining the force.
The actuator device with the actuator is preferably also designed as an electromechanical actuator, which effects an offset parallel to the touch surface. The actuator activation signal or a control signal derived therefrom for the actuator and the support of the actuator and the touch surface are preferably designed such that the feedback pulses for the different haptic feedbacks trigger as far as possible only a single deflection and return into the rest position with a possibly strongly reduced overshoot. Thus, different haptic feedback may be designed differently by the intensity of the offset but also by the duration of the offset.
Usually, a plurality of functions are provided simultaneously for operation by such an operating device, so that the display device is designed to display a plurality of virtual operating elements simultaneously. Each virtual operating element is configured with a trigger area. Depending on the detected touch position, it can be determined by the operating logic of the central control device which virtual operating element the user wants to operate with the operating element and the function associated with the respective virtual operating element is selected. It is not necessary for the haptic control device to be differentiated if, for example, the assigned force threshold or force thresholds are the same for all virtual operating elements.
In some embodiments of the operating device, the function is already triggered by the central control unit when the first force threshold is exceeded.
However, preferred are embodiments of the operating device in which the central control unit is only functionally triggered when the second force threshold is undershot.
In order to create a trigger condition for haptic feedback below the second force threshold, it is necessary to analyze the pressure for different points in time. Since the second force threshold, which is a release force threshold that can be correlated with whether or not the key or the virtual control element is released, is smaller than the first force threshold, which is correlated with the selection of the function associated with the respective activation area or virtual control element, the touching is effected within the region of the virtual control element, so that the function activation is only initiated below the second force threshold if the first force threshold has been exceeded before. In one embodiment, therefore, it is provided that the at least one trigger condition and/or the at least one further trigger condition comprise a trend preset, for example a trend pressure preset, the trend presets comprise presets of input parameters detected for different points in time, for example pressures detected as input parameters for different points in time, and the comparison device is designed to compare the input parameters detected at different points in time, for example the pressure detected as input parameter, with a preset of the course preset, for example the course pressure preset, and to confirm that at least one trigger condition and/or at least one further trigger condition is fulfilled only if it is determined in the comparison of the detected input parameter with one of the trigger conditions that the input parameter detected for the different point in time, e.g. the pressure detected as input parameter for the different point in time, fulfils a preset of trend presets, e.g. trend pressure presets, for the different point in time.
One embodiment of the method provides that the at least one trigger condition and/or the at least one further trigger condition comprises a trend preset, which includes presets of input parameters detected for different points in time, and that the input parameters detected at different points in time are compared with the trend preset presets, and that the satisfaction of the at least one trigger condition and/or of the at least one further trigger condition is ascertained only if, in the comparison of the detected input parameters with one of the trigger conditions, it is determined that the input parameters detected for the different points in time satisfy the trend preset presets for the different points in time.
This embodiment also enables a user interface in which the temporally dependent detected touch positions are additionally integrated into a touch trajectory and the touch trajectory or a section of the touch trajectory is classified according to a predefined touch gesture. If the touch trajectory is classified as a touch gesture, a function associated with the touch gesture shown may be triggered. In particular, functions such as enlarging and/or reducing the graphic representation (zoom-in and zoom-out), turning pages in the list, etc. can thereby be implemented. While the individual list items may be virtual operating elements whose operation triggers the above-mentioned tactile feedback. Thus, the trend preset may be a trend position preset that determines that temporally dependently detected touch positions (which form a minimum length of straight line segments, which are detected in a preset time interval) present a touch gesture for which haptic feedback is generated. Without having to analyze such gestures, the haptic control device may determine from fewer presets whether haptic feedback should be made.
If a plurality of different functions can be operated and triggered by means of an operating device, complex and expensive logic is necessary in order to implement the basic operating logic of a human machine interface (HMI-human machine interface). This is effected in the central computer under program control in cooperation with the central processor device. They are designed in a central control unit. The display device and the touch-sensitive position detection device each have a respective control device which is arranged spatially adjacent to the touch surface or the display surface. The haptic control unit is also a local control of the operating device. The entire control device of the operating device is thus distributed between these local control devices of the operating device and the central computer of the central control device, which is coupled thereto via the bus system.
In one embodiment of the operating device, the operating device and the central control device are connected to each other in terms of information technology via a serial data bus in order to transmit the detected input parameters and to transmit the template signals.
As an alternative or in addition to the generation of the haptic feedback when the force threshold is exceeded and/or fallen below, in some embodiments provision can be made for a further haptic feedback to be output when entering and/or leaving the virtual operating element, in particular when the touch surface is touched in a bar form. This makes it possible to find the operable operating element more easily without a line of sight being displaced. Here, the haptic feedback for entering and leaving the virtual operating element can be different.
The user can thus tactilely distinguish the two processes. Furthermore, the haptic feedback is preferably distinguished from haptic feedback generated when the virtual operating element is operated. Entering a virtual operating element is understood to mean that a touch position is detected for the first time within the trigger area of the operating element after a previously detected touch position (if they were detected in a previously preset time interval) is not in the trigger area. Conversely, if the touch position of the operating element was previously detected, but the touch position is no longer detected in the trigger area of the virtual operating element, then a departure is determined. In some embodiments, a first touch of the touch surface in the trigger area is also understood as an entry, and a previous termination of a touch in the trigger area is understood as an exit. Other embodiments do not include both cases.
In some embodiments, a plurality of templates are stored in the memory device of the haptic control device and the selection of the current template is performed by transmitting an identification signal to the operating device, which identifies one of the templates, in which embodiments a very small data exchange volume occurs between the central control device and the haptic control device. The transmission of the identification signal is sufficient in these cases.
In some embodiments, at least one template is parameterized and condition parameters are transmitted in addition to the identification signals that authenticate the template, with which greater flexibility in adapting the template to the current operating situation can be achieved. These templates identify, for example, parameterizable virtual operating elements, i.e. parameterizable trigger regions, which are parameterized, for example, by the position specification and the dimensions on the touch surface. Alternatively, for rectangular trigger regions, the coordinates of diagonally opposite corner points can be used for parameterization. Additionally, such a trigger region may be provided with a force threshold which must be exceeded in order to select or trigger a function. Furthermore, the type of haptic feedback, i.e. its intensity, duration, signal form, etc., is determined. Examples of signal formats include single pulse, double pulse, vibration, etc. Usually, a plurality of different types of haptic feedback are already stored in the haptic control device in a predefined manner, so that only one type of haptic feedback needs to be selected during the parameterization. Other parameters may parameterize the acoustic output, such as the sound signal.
Here, the sound samples, short sound recordings, are also usually stored in a haptic or acoustic control device or sound generator. There is usually a fixed association between the different types of haptic feedback and the sound signals, i.e. the sound recordings, etc. Thus, one or more trigger conditions can be parameterized for a template by these parameters. In this case, the activation regions of a plurality of virtual actuating elements can be integrated into a common activation region and are taken into account in the activation conditions, the same haptic feedback and, if necessary, also the same acoustic feedback being generated as a function of the same force threshold when the virtual actuating elements are actuated.
The same trigger region can be associated with a trend preset in order to generate a haptic feedback that is output when the virtual operating element is released. The preset profile requires, for example, that a first selection force threshold is first reached or exceeded and then, in time, is lower than a release force threshold, wherein the release force threshold is lower than the selection force threshold. Thus, the same trigger region may be the basis for multiple trigger conditions. Other trigger conditions can be connected to the haptic feedback when entering the trigger area (first touching or sliding in the touch surface in the trigger area), when leaving the trigger area (lifting or sliding out of the operating element), when falling below a second selection force threshold, etc. The haptic feedback is preferably different for different events to improve and simplify blind operation.
In an embodiment, it can be provided that the template signal is generated in such a way that at least one trigger condition for a current predetermined value is modified or generated in the haptic control device as a function of the transmitted condition parameters, so that the at least one trigger condition is adapted to the current operating situation.
The invention provides the important advantage that the process of controlling the actuator device to generate the haptic feedback takes place locally in the operating device, independently of the evaluation of the operating logic in the central control device. Thus, a short latency between the triggered operation event and the haptic feedback is achieved.
The invention is explained in detail below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic illustration of an operating device and its arrangement in a motor vehicle;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a haptic control device;
fig. 3 shows a schematic exploded view of the individual component parts of the operating device;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a touch screen with a part holding the device;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a device in which the actuator acts in the operating direction, wherein for the sake of illustration no touch screen is included;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of the control electronics and the retaining plate;
fig. 7 shows a perspective rear view of the assembled operating device;
FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram illustrating force measurement by strain gauges;
FIG. 9 shows another perspective view for explaining the measurement of force by strain gauges;
FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram illustrating the measurement of force by an inductive measurement method;
FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram illustrating the measurement of pressure by a plate capacitor;
FIG. 12 shows a schematic of the pressure required to achieve deflection;
fig. 13 shows a schematic diagram for illustrating the change over time of the operating force occurring during operation and the correspondence of the offset to the force occurring;
FIG. 14 shows a schematic diagram illustrating actuator control signals and resulting touch surface offset and time synchronization of acoustic signals;
15a, 15b show different touch surface offset curves formed for different damping;
FIG. 16 shows a schematic diagram for illustrating control distribution over different control devices;
FIG. 17 shows an illustrative embodiment of an operating device;
fig. 18 shows a schematic diagram for illustrating an implementation of the operating device, in which the complex human-machine interface logic of the central control device is haptic-triggered;
fig. 19 shows a comparison of the latency times occurring for the embodiment in which the haptic control is implemented locally in the individual control devices without the use of a central computer and the control of the haptic control at the central computer;
FIG. 20 shows a schematic diagram of a message diagram exchanged in an implementation form in which haptic control is implemented by a central computer;
fig. 21 shows a schematic illustration of a message in an embodiment in which the haptic feedback control is implemented in a local control device of the operating device; and is
Fig. 22 shows a schematic diagram of a template.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a motor vehicle 3 with an operating device 1. The operating device 1 comprises an operating device 2 with a housing 5, which is usually arranged in the region of the dashboard, but is particularly preferably arranged in the center console. In the housing a touch screen 10 is arranged, which comprises a freely programmable display device 20 and a touch-sensitive position detection device 30 connected thereto. In most embodiments, the display surface 21 of the freely programmable display device 20 is fixedly connected to the touch surface 31 of the touch-sensitive position detection apparatus 30. In any case, at least the touch surface 31 of the touch-sensitive position detection device 30 is movably, preferably elastically, supported on the housing 5.
The display control device 25 controls the display of information on the display surface 21. The position detection control device 35 is designed such that it determines the coordinates of the detected touch position by a touch operation of an operating element (not shown) on the touch surface 31. The coordinates or touch position are input parameters. Thus, information displayed on the display surface 21, such as graphic characters, pictograms, graphic views of operating elements, and the like, can be seen through the touch surface 31.
The touch surface 31, or if the touch surface is fixedly connected to the freely programmable display device 20, the touch screen 10 is coupled to a pressure measuring device 40, which is capable of measuring an operating force acting on it perpendicular to the touch surface 31 in touch operation. The touch surface 31 can be connected, for example, to one or more sensor elements 41, which generate a signal when the touch surface 31 is deflected, said signal being converted by the pressure measurement control device 45 into a pressure signal 46, which represents the determined pressure or actuating force. The determined pressure is also an input parameter. Furthermore, the touch surface 31, or if the touch surface 31 is fixedly connected to the display surface 21, the touch screen 10 is coupled to at least one actuator device 50, which comprises an actuator 51, which is controlled by an actuator control device 55.
The operating device 1 further comprises a haptic control device 100 arranged in the housing 5, which is connected at least to the pressure measurement control device 45, i.e. the pressure measurement device 40, and to the actuator control device 55, i.e. the actuator device 50. The haptic control device 100 is designed to generate an actuator activation signal 106 as a function of a detected input variable, for example a detected pressure and/or a detected touch position, which actuator activation signal is then implemented by the actuator control device 55 in such a way that the actuator 51 deflects the touch surface 31 of the touch-sensitive position detection device 30, as a result of which a haptically perceptible effect is produced. This is called haptic feedback.
The haptic control device generally checks whether the detected input parameter satisfies a preset (value) included in one or more trigger conditions. If the trigger condition is met, the associated corresponding haptic feedback is triggered.
In the simplest embodiment, the haptic control device 100 checks the detected pressure or actuating force against a first force threshold. If the force threshold or the first force threshold is reached or exceeded, a first actuator activation signal 106 is generated, which enables a first tactile feedback on the touch surface 31 via the actuator control 55 and the actuator 51. If, after the detected pressure or operating force reaches or exceeds the first force threshold, it is subsequently below a second force threshold, which is smaller than the first force threshold, a second actuator activation signal 106 is generated, which effects a second haptic effect on the touch surface 31 by means of the actuator control 55 and the actuator 51. The two tactilely perceptible effects are preferably different so that the user can distinguish them. Particularly preferably, the haptic effect is designed as a short primary deflection of the touch surface as possible. The effects preferably differ in magnitude of offset, wherein the magnitude of offset of the haptic effect generated by the first actuator activation signal is preferably greater than the magnitude of offset of the haptic effect triggered by the second actuator activation signal.
In a simple embodiment, the trigger condition associated with the first haptic feedback only checks whether the pressure detected as an input parameter during the operation of the touch screen reaches or exceeds the first force threshold value. If this is the case, a first trigger condition is met and a first haptic feedback is triggered.
The trigger condition associated with the second haptic feedback includes a strike preset. The trend presets include presets (values) for one or more input parameters at different points in time. In the example given, the first preset in time is that the pressure reaches or exceeds a first force threshold. The temporally subsequent predetermined requirement is lower than a second force threshold, which is lower than the first force threshold. That is, the haptic feedback associated with the "release"/"release" of the operating contact surface should only be performed if the first force threshold was previously exceeded and the first haptic feedback was output.
The trigger conditions corresponding to the operation scene or the time point of the operation device are summarized in a template (english template), respectively. The currently applicable trigger conditions are summarized in the current template accordingly.
In order to improve the perception of the user, in particular in order to be able to better imitate key operating elements by means of the touchscreen 10, it is preferred that sound activation signals 108 are also output by the haptic control device 100 in each case to the sound generator 60, which outputs sound signals or sounds by means of the loudspeaker 70 arranged on or in the housing in synchronism with the deflection of the touch surface 31 produced by the actuator 51. In this case, a delay device 160 is preferably provided in the haptic control device 100, which delays the respective actuator activation signal 106 and sound activation signal 108 from one another in such a way that the maximum deflection of the touch surface 31 takes place simultaneously with the output of the sound signal. By outputting the sound signal in time synchronization with the haptic feedback, the perception of key operation that the user relies on is better mimicked. Here, by arranging the speaker 70 on or in the housing 5, it is ensured that the user associates the output sound signal with a haptic effect based on his hearing in space, since the signal is perceived as originating from the touch position. The feedback effect is enhanced. It has been shown that feedback supported by acoustic signals output locally adjacent to the touch surface is perceived as strong feedback.
It has also been shown that the strength of the haptic feedback with reduced mechanical offset and supplemented by the locally synchronized output sound signal is perceived as the same as the feedback with increased mechanical offset but without acoustic support. A weaker actuator can be used when using synchronized, locally output voice support. Wear can thereby also be minimized by a smaller touch surface offset with the feedback effect perceived by the user being almost equally strong.
This simple embodiment has the disadvantage that the haptic feedback is output in any position during the touch operation, irrespective of whether the position is associated with a trigger region of the virtual operating element on the display surface via the human-machine user interface.
In a further preferred embodiment, the haptic control device 100 is therefore preferably likewise coupled to the position detection control device 35, so that the haptic control device 100 additionally checks whether the touch position detected as an input parameter is in the trigger region of the virtual operating element. If this is the case, upon exceeding the first force threshold and then falling below the second force threshold, the actuator activation signal 106 is output and the sound activation signal 108 is output as necessary. Additionally, the haptic control device 100 may be designed such that it determines from the detected touch position whether the detected touch position is within the trigger area of the trigger condition and also determines whether the detected pressure reaches or exceeds the first force threshold. If this is the case, the haptic feedback and possibly also the acoustic feedback associated with the respective activation region are activated. The haptic control device 100 may output a signal to display triggering haptic feedback for information purposes through the interface 90 with the central control device 330.
The operating logic, i.e. the human-machine interface logic, is not implemented in the haptic control device 100 of the operating device, but in the central computer 200 of the central control device 330, the central computer 200 being connected to the interface 90 of the operating device 2 via the central computer interface 210 and the bus 300.
The central computer 200 transmits a template signal to select one of the plurality of templates stored in the memory 133 of the haptic control device as a current template. The minimized data exchange, for example the authentication signal or the identification of the authentication template, thus provides the haptic control device with the required information about the activation regions of the individual virtual control elements for which, for example, two different haptic feedback effects are to be output as described above when the tactile operation is carried out with sufficient pressure. Thus, the haptic control can simultaneously generate haptic feedback independently of the transmission duration of the information, in particular independently of the transmission duration of the detected input parameters to the central computer and its processing time as well as the return time of the information, as long as the detected input parameters satisfy one of the triggering conditions of the current template, for example the detected touch position is recognized within one of the triggering areas, while exceeding the first force threshold or being below the second force threshold after previously exceeding the first force threshold.
In addition to the evaluation for the haptic control, the detected input parameters, for example the determined pressure value and the detected touch position, are transmitted by the operating device 2 to the central computer 200. The central computer 200 analyzes the input parameters to determine whether and which vehicle functions need to be triggered or which vehicle systems should be controlled or operated. It is to be noted here that the functional triggering not associated with haptic feedback can be realized by operating logic implemented in the central computer by means of software technology. The operating element that is slid over the touch surface in a strip-like manner can be associated, for example, with a vehicle function that is triggered or operated by this type of operation without haptic feedback. Thus, the analysis of the input parameters is typically the same as or similar to the analysis portion of the haptic control device 100 in the central computer 200, but may be different therefrom.
Haptic feedback is typically achieved by haptic control device 100 transmitting an actuator activation signal to actuator control device 55. Similarly, a sound activation signal may additionally be transmitted by the haptic control device 100 to the sound generator 60. Preferably only the activation information is transmitted and the sound signal generated in the actuator control means 55 or output to the loudspeaker 70 is generated in the sound generator 60 by the specific control signal.
Fig. 2 schematically shows an embodiment of a haptic control device 100. The haptic control device 100 includes a memory 133. In the memory there are stored templates 401 and 403, which each comprise one or more trigger conditions. The trigger condition comprises a preset which the detected input parameter has to satisfy in order to trigger the haptic feedback, i.e. the generation of the actuator activation signal 106 and, if necessary, additionally the generation of the sound activation signal 108. The trigger conditions include, for example, a field definition for a trigger area on the touch surface in which a touch operation must be performed to trigger the haptic feedback. In addition, if necessary, a force threshold is given, beyond which the pressure must exceed in order to trigger the haptic feedback when a touch operation is performed in the trigger region. Furthermore, the trigger conditions are provided with instructions which define the haptic feedback, for example as short pulses of preset length and intensity or offset amplitude, and, if necessary, instructions with respect to the sound signals which are output simultaneously or with a delay. The trigger area 410 is only schematically shown in the template to visually represent the trigger condition. It should be noted that the trigger regions may be components of different trigger conditions of the template.
The detected input parameters are provided as signals, for example as position signal 36 and pressure signal 46, which are analyzed in the comparison means 140 to determine whether they satisfy one of the trigger conditions of the current template 420. Thus, the comparison means 140 checks whether all presets of input parameters for one of the trigger conditions for the current template 420 are fulfilled. If one of the trigger conditions is met, the actuator activation signal 106 and, if appropriate, additionally the sound activation signal 108 are generated, which are delayed if appropriate by a delay device 160 designed in some embodiments, in order to generate a simultaneous tactile and acoustic perception by the user. Signals representing the individually detected input parameters, that is to say the position signal 36, the pressure signal 46, and the actuator activation signal 106 and, if appropriate, the sound activation signal 108, are additionally output via the interface 150. The signals representing the input parameters can also be transmitted directly from the detection device to the central control device or to its central computer.
The haptic control device 100 also receives a template signal 430 through the interface 150 that enables selection of the current template 420. The template signal 430 comprises in the simplest implementation only an authentication signal or identification authenticating one of the stored templates. Individual templates can likewise be parameterized. The parameters may include, without requiring completeness, specifications regarding the number of trigger regions, their locations, strain, force thresholds associated therewith, force threshold correlations for trending toward a preset, haptic parameters, pulse shapes such as offset, maximum amplitude, pulse duration, etc., acoustic information, such as acoustic sample selection specifications, volume, delay time specifications relative to haptic triggers, etc. Finally, it is also possible to form a new template and to transmit the information required for this purpose about the trigger area by means of a template signal, and to store the template in the memory 133 thereupon.
Fig. 3 schematically shows a rear view of several components of the operating device 2. The touch screen 10 can be seen with its display and touch surfaces facing away from the viewer. The operation and offset direction for the push operation is indicated by arrow 501. The touch screen 10 is disposed on the holding plate 510, which has a honeycomb pattern for stabilization. The holding plate 510 is designed to be as rigid as possible. The retaining plate 510 is only partially shown. Between the holding plate 510 and the touch screen 10, a touch screen holder 520 is arranged, which has support elements 530 at the four corners. The support element 530 and/or the touch screen support 520 are designed such that the touch screen can be elastically deflected in the operating direction. Furthermore, a leaf spring 550 is mounted on the support element 530, which leaf spring forms a movable bearing on a housing, not shown, so that a deflection in the plane of the touch screen 10 can be achieved by the actuator 51, as indicated by the actuator deflection arrow 502. Fig. 3 also shows schematically printed circuit boards 560, 570, in which various local control devices are provided, such as a display control device, a pressure measurement control device, a haptic control device, an actuator control device and a sound generator. Furthermore, loudspeaker 70 and actuator 51 can be seen, which are fastened on one side to a housing, not shown, and on the other side to L-profile 540 of touch screen carrier 520.
Another schematic diagram similar to that of fig. 3 is shown in fig. 4, where printed circuit boards 560 and 570 are not shown. L-profile 540 can be clearly seen.
Fig. 5 and 6 show alternative embodiments of the actuating device. In fig. 5, a front view of the housing 5 can be seen, the touch screen, the local control device and the actuators being arranged in the housing 5. In fig. 5, the touch screen and the holding plate and the touch screen holder are not shown or absent for illustrative reasons. Furthermore, there is no cover frame of the display housing 5, which normally covers the edges of the touch screen to prevent the entry of dust and other dirt. The leaf spring 550 can be seen, and the retention plate of the touch screen is secured to the leaf spring 550. The holding plate is also connected to pot-shaped magnets 610, which are arranged on the underside of the holding plate (see fig. 6). The pot magnet engages in a coil 620, which is arranged on an electronics board 630. By energizing the coil 620, the pot-shaped magnet can be offset in the direction of the coil axis 621, i.e. perpendicular to the electronics board or the holding plate 510, in order to achieve a tactile feedback on a touch screen arranged on the non-shown side of the holding plate 510, whose connections 640 can be seen in fig. 6. Pot magnet 610 and coil 620 together form an actuator. The operating force acting on the touch screen can also be measured by an actuator, which at the same time acts as a force measuring sensor. When the pot magnet 610 is deflected in the coil 620, the pot magnet induces a current in the coil 620, which can be analyzed to determine the pressure that causes the touch screen and thus the acceleration of the retention plate and pot magnet.
Fig. 7 shows a rear view of the assembled operating device 2. The speaker 70, the housing component 6 and the printed circuit boards 560, 570, which implement the control means as described above, can be seen.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic side view of a touchscreen 10, which is arranged on a touchscreen support 520 having an L-profile 540. The touch screen 10 is attached to the touch screen support 520, for example, by an adhesive layer 720. Adjacent to the support element 530, a strain gauge 710 is arranged, which changes its properties, in particular its electrical properties, when the touch screen support 520 is deformed in the region of the support element and/or the support element 530 is deformed by an operating force acting on the touch screen.
The change in the electrical property, in particular the resistance, is converted into a pressure signal by a pressure measurement control device (not shown). The pressure signal is indicative of the strength of the detected pressure. The pressure measurement control device is also capable of converting the changes detected on the different strain gauges 710 into a pressure signal.
Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of a touch screen 10, which is arranged on a touch screen carrier 520, for example, by means of an adhesive layer 720.
Fig. 10 again schematically shows a pressure detection by means of an inductive actuator. The touch screen 10 can be seen, which is mounted elastically and movably on a holding frame 810 of the housing 5 by means of leaf springs 550. The touch screen 10 is connected to a pot magnet 610 which engages into a coil 620 which is connected to actuator controls on a printed circuit board 820 which also includes pressure measurement controls. The printed circuit board 820 is fixedly connected to the holding frame 810, so that the coil is supported on the holding frame 810 and thus on the housing and an offset of the touch screen relative to the housing in the operating direction is achieved, which is indicated by the operating direction arrow 501. The actuator is offset parallel thereto as indicated by actuator offset arrow 502.
Another possibility for detecting an operating force is schematically shown in fig. 11. The touch screen 10 is also elastically supported on the holding frame 810 by the leaf spring 550 so as to be biased in the operating direction, which is indicated by the operating direction arrow 501. The touch screen 10 or its holding plate or touch screen stand (both not shown) is fixedly attached to the top bar 830. The ram acts mechanically on a plate capacitor 840, which is embodied in a printed circuit board 820, which is supported on the holding frame 810. If the touch screen 10 is pressed into the housing 5 in operation, the push rods press on the plate capacitors 840 and thereby change the plate spacing, which in turn changes the capacitance of the plate capacitors 840. The applied pressure can be derived from the change in capacitance, which in the charged capacitor is accompanied by a change in voltage between the capacitor plates, for example.
The touch surface of the touch-sensitive position detection device, which is preferably integrated in the touch screen, is preferably mounted in the housing in such a way that a resilient deflection in the operating direction is achieved in such a way that a linear relationship exists between the deflection and the force required for this purpose. This is shown graphically in fig. 12. The operating range 900 of the pressure measurement device is shown. The correlation of the required force with the deflection achieved thereby is drawn. Slope 910 illustrates the stiffness of the force measurement. In a preferred embodiment, the offset is as small as possible, for example less than one tenth of a millimeter. In addition, two force thresholds 850, 860 are plotted in fig. 12. The first force threshold 850, which must first be reached or exceeded when the virtual actuating element is actuated, is associated with a greater pressure or actuating force, so that the function associated with the virtual actuating element can be triggered. Upon reaching or exceeding the first force threshold 850, a first tactile feedback is generated. The second haptic feedback is triggered when the second force threshold 860, which is assigned a lower force than the first force threshold 850, is subsequently undershot. The first and second haptic feedback are different from each other. Preferably, the maximum deflection achieved by the touch surface of the touch sensitive position detection device is greater in the feedback associated with reaching or exceeding the first force threshold than the maximum deflection associated with falling below the second force threshold. This corresponds to the tactile properties of a physically designed key. Importantly, tactile feedback is achieved below the second force threshold 860 only when the first force threshold 850 has been previously reached or exceeded.
Fig. 13 shows the pressure during operation and again the correlation between the offset and the required pressure is graphically shown. A typical pressure versus time correlation during operation to trigger a function associated with a virtual operating element is plotted as pressure curve 920. At time t1, the user places his operating element, for example his finger, at a position on the touch-sensitive position detection device which is in the trigger region of the corresponding virtual operating element. This is preferably a position in the graphical display area of the virtual operating element. The user then increases his pressing force until he exceeds the first force threshold 850 at time t2 with the operating force.
At this point in time, a first actuator activation signal is generated and thus a pulse-like deflection is generated on the touch surface by means of the actuator as a first haptic feedback. The user thus knows that he has successfully operated the virtual operating element and reduced the pressing force. When at time t3 the second force threshold 860 is undershot, a second actuator activation signal is generated and a second, pulse-like haptic feedback, which differs from the first, pulse-like haptic feedback, is thereby implemented, preferably in the form of a further pulse-like deflection of the touch surface. This delivers the same tactile feedback to the user as he would have received from a physically designed operating element, and the user lifts his finger off the touch surface again at time t 4.
The control in the form of the control signal 930 and the resulting offset, respectively, with respect to time are schematically depicted in fig. 14. The correlation of the control signal 930 transmitted to the actuator by the actuator control means with time is plotted in the above figure. It can be seen that short excitation pulses are generated. In the middle graph, the screen offset, i.e. the offset of the touch surface, is shown in relation to time. It can be seen that the touch surface offset reaches a maximum value 955 of the pulse-like offset 950 at a point in time t6, at which point the control signal 930 has again approached zero. Depending on the damping of the touch surface or the touch screen, one or two so-called post-pulse oscillations or overshoots are formed. In the third diagram the output loudspeaker signal 960 is shown, which represents short sound pulses. The loudspeaker signal 960 is generated with a delay in time with respect to the actuator control signal 930, so that the maximum excursion of the acoustic signal coincides with the maximum excursion of the touch surface.
Exemplary offset versus time relationships for the touch surface for the stimulation signals shown in FIG. 14 are shown in FIGS. 15a and 15 b. In the embodiment corresponding to the diagram according to fig. 15a, the support of the touch surface is only slightly weakened, so that the overshoots 951, 952 already described above result, whereas in stronger damping (see fig. 15b) only a weaker overshooting 951 is observed in addition to the desired pulse-like deflection 950. The offset performance shown in fig. 15b corresponds to the preferred offset performance.
Fig. 16 schematically shows an operating device 1 with different control means, which enables a functional triggering for a virtual operating element with haptic feedback according to the invention. The operating device 1 comprises an operating device with a housing 5, in which, in addition to the touch screen 10, further operating elements 1010 of other physical design are provided in the form of keys 1011 and rotary pulse generators 1012. Integrated in the housing 5 is a local operating unit control 80, which communicates with the central computer 200, for example, via one or more buses 300. For example, control signals, i.e., actuator activation signals, voice activation signals, force threshold trigger signals, force values, etc., CAN be transmitted via a serial bus, for example a CAN bus. CAN is referred to herein as a controller area network. The graphics information is preferably communicated over an LVDS bus. LVDS refers herein to low voltage differential signaling. Furthermore, the operating unit control device 80 is responsible for processing the signals of the operating elements 1010 of the tangible design. Additionally, on or in the housing 5 there is a touch screen 10 and touch screen control means 15, which comprise display control means and position detection control means (see fig. 1). Additionally, a haptic control device 100 is provided, which is coupled to the pressure measurement control device 45. Furthermore, the haptic control device 100 is coupled to the actuator device 50 and the sound generator 60, which are correspondingly controlled by the haptic control device 100 for generating haptic and acoustic feedback as described above. The haptic control is realized entirely in a control device locally integrated in the housing.
Fig. 17 shows an exemplary embodiment of the operating device 1. The operating device 1 comprises an operating device 2, which is designed as a display operator 320, and a central control device 330, which is designed as a central computer 200, which are connected to one another in terms of information technology via a bus 300, which may comprise different transmission channels. The display surface of the haptic control device with the touch-sensitive position detection device and the freely programmable display device 20 arranged behind it is embodied in the operating device 2 and together forms the touch screen 10. Operating logic 1030, also referred to as HMI (human machine interface) logic, is designed in the central computer 200. The central computer 200 passes a template signal 430 to select the current template.
The detected input parameters are analyzed 1040 in the operating device 2 with respect to the trigger conditions of the currently selected template and, if necessary, haptic and/or acoustic feedback is triggered. For the evaluation of the operating logic, i.e. the HMI logic, the detected input parameters and preferably also the haptic trigger information are transmitted 1050 as status information of the operating device. The interactive communication between the operating device 2 and the central computer 200 is not necessary for immediate haptic feedback during touch operation.
Fig. 18 schematically shows an embodiment not according to the invention, in which the entire control device for haptic feedback is provided in a central computer 200. The touch and force information 1060 is transmitted over the bus 300, for example a CAN bus, and analyzed in the human interface logic 1030 of the central computer 200, and the signals for controlling the haptic feedback are transmitted 1070 back to the local control means in the housing surrounding the touch screen. The transfer of information between the operating device 2 and the central computer 200 and the evaluation of the relatively complex operating logic on the central computer 200 increase the latency between operation and haptic feedback.
The waiting times are shown in fig. 19 below the individual, schematically illustrated operating device components. In the "independent" variant according to the invention, the haptic feedback is implemented without a central computer, only the processing time generated by the touchscreen 10 and the touchscreen control 15 and the operating unit control 80. The time required for generating the haptic feedback signal by the haptic control device 100 and the actuator device 50 additionally occurs.
In an alternative embodiment, which is not the case in the present invention, haptic control is implemented in the central computer 200, which increases the latency for the bus transfer and the evaluation in the central computer.
The waiting times given for the individual components correspond to an exemplary embodiment. An acceptable total wait time that does not cause the user to feel a time delay should not exceed the 50 millisecond reaction time between the force threshold excess time and the tactile feedback.
The flow of messages transmitted during operation for an embodiment of the haptic control device not according to the invention, which is embodied on a central computer, is explained with reference to fig. 20. First, an initialization message packet 1210 is passed by the central computer to the local operating device, which configures the local operating device. If a touch is made, the touch location data is transmitted to the central computer 1220. The pressure value is likewise transmitted. Thus, a force value occurs 1230 when the first force threshold is exceeded or reached. The central computer 200 performs a logic analysis 1240 and generates a signal to trigger the first haptic and acoustic feedback 1250. If the second force threshold is not exceeded, pressure is again transmitted 1260 to the central computer, which, after further logical analysis 1270, passes a 1280 signal to the local operating device to trigger a second haptic effect and a second audible signal. In addition, the central computer performs the triggering of the function 1290 associated with the operated virtual operating element.
Fig. 21 shows a message telegram for an embodiment of the invention, in which the haptic trigger is implemented locally in the local operating device 2. The initialization 1310, by which the local operating device is configured, is performed anew by the central computer 200. The determined touch location is retransmitted 1320 to the central computer when an operation is detected. If it is determined 1330 that the first force threshold is exceeded by the pressure measurement, a first haptic and acoustic feedback is triggered 1340 by the haptic control device in the local operating device. The force data is preferably also transmitted to the central computer 200 as indicated by the dashed line. The central computer is notified 1350 that the virtual operating element is fully pressed. If the user releases the virtual operating element again, the second force threshold is lowered. Once this is recognized 1360, a second haptic feedback is output 1370 by the local haptic control via the actuator activation signal and the sound activation signal. Informing 1380 that the central computer user released the key again. The central computer thus performs a function trigger 1390. The condition or pressure below the second force threshold is preferably also transmitted to the central computer 200 as indicated by the dashed line.
In the embodiment according to fig. 20, the data transfer needs to take place via a bus which is usually limited in terms of transfer bandwidth and also needs to be processed in a central computer which may be busy with parallel tasks competing for processing time, which is not necessary in the embodiment according to fig. 21.
Some templates 401 to 404 are schematically shown in fig. 22, wherein the trigger areas are indicated by shading, respectively. At least the template 404 displayed on the right side can be dynamically parameterized.
The invention can be extended in different ways for a person skilled in the art. It is important that the control of the haptic feedback takes place in the operating device independently of the central control device, which only indirectly controls the haptic feedback by template selection. The haptic feedback is preferably designed in an impulse-like manner, particularly preferably in such a manner that in each case only an impulse-like deflection from the rest position is caused, particularly preferably counter to the pressure of the user. Furthermore, the acoustic signals or sounds are preferably output synchronously in time and locally adjacent to the touch surface of the operating device, so that the source of the sounds is assigned to the touch location on the basis of spatial hearing and the overall perception of the human user is thereby improved, in order to imitate a physical key.
List of reference numerals
1 operating device
2 operating device
3 Motor vehicle
5 casing
6 housing component
10 touch screen
15 touch screen control device
20 freely programmable display device
21 display surface
25 display control device
30 touch sensitive position detection device
31 touch surface
35 position detection control device
36 position signal
40 pressure measuring device
41 sensor element
45 pressure measurement control device
46 pressure signal
50 actuator device
51 actuator
55 actuator control device
60 Sound Generator
70 speaker
80 operating unit control device
100 tactile control device
106 actuator activation signal
108 sound activation signal
133 memory
136 compare the resulting signal (trigger zone position)
140 comparing device
150 interface
160 delay device
200 central computer
210 central computer interface
300 bus
320 display operating member
330 central control device
401-404 template
410 trigger area
420 current template
430 template signal
501 steering a directional arrow
502 actuator offset directional arrow
510 holding plate
520 touch screen support
530 support element
540L section bar
550 plate spring
560 printed circuit board
570 printed circuit board
610 top magnet
620 coil
621 coil axis
630 electronic device board
640 joint
710 strain gauge
720 adhesive layer
810 holding frame
820 printed circuit board
830 push rod
840 plate capacitor
850 first force threshold
860 second force threshold
900 working area
910 slope
920 pressure curve
930 control signal
940 offset
950 pulse-like offset
951 overshoot
952 overshoot
960 loudspeaker signal
time points t1-t5
1010 tangible operating element
1011 push button
1012 rotary pulse generator
1020 human-machine model
1030 human-machine interface logic
1040 analyze input parameters and haptic triggers
1050 transmitting input parameters and haptic trigger information
1060 transfer input parameters (force and contact information)
1070 for transmitting haptic control signals
1210 start-up
1220 transmit touch location data
1230 transmit a condition above a first force threshold
1240 logical analysis
1250 triggering the first feedback
1260 condition of transmission of force below a second force threshold
1270 other logical analysis
1280 triggering the second feedback
1290 function trigger
1310 start-up
1320 transmitting touch location data
1330 detecting a force exceeding a first force threshold
1340 triggering the first feedback
1350 transmitting a force exceeding the first force threshold (full depression of the virtual operating element)
1360 identifying a condition below a second force threshold
1370 triggering the second feedback
1380 cases where the transmission is below the second force threshold
1390 function trigger
Claims (15)
1. An operating device (1) with haptic feedback for a vehicle, comprising
Touch-sensitive position detection means (30) for determining a touch position as an input parameter on a touch surface (31) of the touch-sensitive position detection means (30);
actuator means (50) coupled to the touch-sensitive position detection means (30) for generating a haptically perceivable feedback on the touch surface (31); and
operating logic (1030) designed to implement a function and/or a triggering of a vehicle system depending on the detected input parameter,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the touch-sensitive position detection device (30) and the actuator device (50) are embodied in the operating device (2) together with the haptic control device (100), and the operating logic (1030) is embodied in a central control device (330) which is separate from the operating device (2), is coupled to the operating device (2) in terms of information technology, and transmits the detected input parameters to the haptic control device (100), wherein the haptic control device (100) comprises a memory device (133) in which a plurality of different templates (401-
The operating logic (1030) is designed to transmit a template signal for selecting or generating the current template (420) to the haptic control device (100), and the haptic control device (100) has a comparison device (140) which compares an input parameter detected by contact in the operating device (2) in an input by a user via the operating device (2) with at least one trigger condition of the current template (420) in order to ascertain whether the detected input parameter satisfies the at least one trigger condition, and the haptic control device (100) is designed to control the actuator device (50) to generate the haptic feedback if the comparison device (140) has ascertained that the at least one trigger condition is satisfied.
2. Operating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one trigger condition comprises at least one field definition for a trigger area (410) and the comparison means (140) are designed to confirm that the at least one trigger condition is fulfilled only if, in the comparison of the detected input parameter with the at least one trigger condition, it is determined that the touch position detected as the input parameter is in the trigger area (410) of the trigger condition.
3. Operating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the touch surface (31) in the operating means (2) is coupled to pressure measuring means (40) which detect a pressure exerted when the touch surface (31) is touch-operated as one of the input parameters, and the at least one trigger condition comprises at least one pressure preset, and the comparison means (140) are designed to confirm that the at least one trigger condition is fulfilled only if, in the comparison of the detected input parameter with one of the trigger conditions, it is determined that the pressure detected as the input parameter fulfils the pressure preset.
4. The operating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the plurality of templates (401-404) comprises, in addition to the at least one trigger condition, at least one further trigger condition different from the at least one trigger condition, wherein the different trigger conditions are associated with different haptic feedback, wherein the different haptic feedback causes a different haptic sensation of the user on the touch surface (31).
5. Operating device (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the at least one trigger condition and/or the at least one further trigger condition comprises a trend preset, which includes presets for input parameters detected at different points in time, and the comparison means are designed to compare input parameters detected at different points in time with the trend preset presets, and to confirm that at least one trigger condition and/or at least one further trigger condition is fulfilled only if, in the comparison of the detected input parameters with one of the trigger conditions, it is determined that the input parameters detected at different points in time fulfill the trend preset presets at different points in time.
6. Operating device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the operating means (2) and the central control means (330) are connected in an information technology manner via a serial data bus for the transmission of the detected input parameters and the transmission of template signals.
7. A method for detecting a user input for controlling a function and/or a vehicle system and/or for triggering a function and/or a vehicle system, the user input being made by means of a touch surface (31) of a touch-sensitive position detection device (30) being operated touchingly, the method comprising the steps of:
detecting an input parameter during a touch-sensitive operation of a touch surface (31) of the touch-sensitive position detection device (30),
analyzing the detected input parameters with respect to operating logic (1030) that triggers functions and/or vehicle systems based on the detected input parameters, and
generating a haptic feedback on the touch surface (31) when a user input is detected,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the detection of the input parameters is carried out on an operating device (2) which is designed separately from a central control device (330) which is coupled to the operating device (2) in terms of information technology and in which the evaluation with respect to the operating logic (1030) is carried out in the central control device (330), wherein a template signal is transmitted by the central control device (330) to the haptic control device (100) of the operating device (2), one template (401) of the plurality of templates (401) of the haptic control device (100) is selected as the current template (420) or the current template (420) is generated as a function of the template signal, wherein the templates (401) each comprise at least one trigger condition for haptic feedback, and the input parameters detected on or in the operating device (2) are transmitted to the haptic control device (100) in the operating device (2), and comparing, in the haptic control device (100), the detected input parameter with the at least one trigger condition to determine whether the detected input parameter satisfies the at least one trigger condition, and when the comparison of the input parameter with the at least one trigger condition results in the at least one trigger condition being satisfied, the haptic control device (100) controls the actuator device (50) to generate the haptic feedback.
8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that a touch position is detected as an input parameter and the at least one trigger condition comprises at least one field definition for a trigger area (410) and the at least one trigger condition is confirmed to be fulfilled only if, in the comparison of the detected input parameter with the at least one trigger condition, it is determined that the touch position detected as an input parameter is in the trigger area (410) of the trigger condition.
9. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the pressure exerted during the touch-sensitive operation of the touch surface (31) is detected as one of the input parameters by means of a pressure measuring device (40) coupled to the touch surface (31) in the operating device (2), and in that the at least one trigger condition comprises at least one pressure preset, and that the at least one trigger condition is confirmed to be fulfilled only if the pressure detected as an input parameter fulfils the pressure preset.
10. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one of the plurality of templates (401-404) comprises, in addition to the at least one trigger condition, at least one further trigger condition different from the at least one trigger condition, wherein the different trigger condition is associated with a different haptic feedback and the different haptic feedback causes a different haptic sensation of the user on the touch surface (31) and the detected input parameter is compared with the different trigger condition and thereby generates the different haptic feedback depending on the trigger condition fulfilled.
11. Method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the at least one trigger condition and/or the at least one further trigger condition comprises a trend preset, which trend preset comprises presets for input parameters detected at different points in time, and that the input parameters detected at different points in time are compared with the trend preset presets, and that the satisfaction of the at least one trigger condition and/or of the at least one further trigger condition is confirmed only if it is determined in the comparison of the detected input parameters with one of the trigger conditions that the input parameters detected at different points in time satisfy the trend preset presets at different points in time.
12. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the template signal is generated such that at least one trigger condition for a current preset value is modified or generated in the haptic control device (100) depending on the transmitted condition parameters, whereby the at least one trigger condition is adapted to the current operating situation.
13. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that a plurality of templates (401 and 404) are stored in the memory means (133) of the haptic control device (100) and that the selection of the current template (420) is performed by transmitting an identification signal to the operating means (2), which identification signal authenticates one of the templates (401 and 404).
14. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one template (401-404) is parameterized and that a condition parameter is passed in addition to the identification signal authenticating the current template (420).
15. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that an acoustic signal is also output on the operating device (2) with the haptic feedback.
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| DE102015209593.2 | 2015-05-26 | ||
| PCT/EP2016/061758 WO2016189017A1 (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2016-05-25 | Operating device with fast haptic feedback |
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| CN107635818B true CN107635818B (en) | 2020-12-25 |
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| DE10324580A1 (en) | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-16 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Operating device for motor vehicle systems, e.g. menu-driven navigation or telephone systems, has a contact sensitive surface that can be operated, interchangeably, in either handwritten text detection mode or key-type input mode |
| JP2005216110A (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-11 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Information control apparatus |
| DE102006033014A1 (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-04-05 | Volkswagen Ag | Input device for motor vehicle, has touch screen deflected such that integral of deflection of screen in one direction amounts to four times of integral of deflection of screen in another direction opposite to former direction |
| DE102006012147B4 (en) | 2005-09-13 | 2017-02-16 | Volkswagen Ag | Input device for a motor vehicle |
| DE102006025254A1 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | Volkswagen Ag | Electromechanical steering with steering recommendation |
| FR2953304A1 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-03 | Renault Sa | INTERACTIVE ACTIVE POLYMERIC CONTROL DEVICE |
| US9063570B2 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2015-06-23 | Immersion Corporation | Haptic feedback control system |
-
2015
- 2015-05-26 DE DE102015209593.2A patent/DE102015209593A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2016
- 2016-05-25 CN CN201680028521.5A patent/CN107635818B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107635818A (en) | 2018-01-26 |
| DE102015209593A1 (en) | 2016-07-07 |
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