CN107595275B - Biological feedback method based on amplitude and phase coupling - Google Patents
Biological feedback method based on amplitude and phase coupling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method of biofeedback based on amplitude and phase coupling, comprising: obtaining an amplitude variation signal from a physiological signal of the subject; obtaining a phase change signal from a physiological signal of a subject; and coupling the amplitude change signal and the phase change signal to obtain the coupling degree of the two paths of signals, and feeding the coupling degree back to the testee.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a biofeedback method, in particular to a biofeedback method based on amplitude and phase coupling.
Background
With the aging population and the aggravation of environmental pollution, various chronic non-infectious diseases, such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, chronic fatigue syndrome, diabetes, malignant tumors, etc., have already entered a high-growth state in China. The first molecular detection and chronic disease management academy called 12 months in 2013 summarizes a group of data, and shows that the incidence of chronic diseases in China is in a 'blowout' state. In order to actively deal with main health problems and challenges of China, the original Ministry of health started strategic research of ' healthy China 2020 ', and officially released ' healthy China 2020 ' strategic research report ' in 2012 and 8 months. The national strategy is put forward for comprehensively improving the health level of the whole population, and the main health indexes of the people in China basically reach the level of the moderately developed countries by 2020. From the current situation, the monitoring and intervention of chronic diseases become the key to realize the strategy of 'healthy China'. Chronic diseases often lack effective treatment and intervention means and are costly to treat, causing serious damage to the health of individuals, and creating a heavy economic burden on the family and society.
From the viewpoint of system theory, diseases originate from the integral dysfunction of human body, and the intervention treatment of chronic diseases is started from the identification and regulation of health state. Wearable technology that has emerged in recent years provides effectual technological means for health status monitoring, chronic disease management, can realize the continuous monitoring of common physiological parameter, discovers the anomaly to discern human health status.
The wearable technology provides a technical means for monitoring basic physiological signs of a human body, but no combination point is found in the aspect of intervention and regulation of diseases, so that most of the existing wearable systems are physiological parameter monitoring systems and cannot play a role in intervention and regulation of chronic diseases.
Research shows that the stress state of overload for a long time can cause imbalance of homeostasis of a body, which is a main cause of chronic diseases, the fast-paced life style and high-intensity working pressure of the current society cause great transformation of human disease spectrum, and chronic non-infectious diseases (chronic diseases for short) characterized by integral physical and mental disorders become main threats affecting human health. For the chronic diseases, the intervention and regulation of physical and mental states are effective means, and the biofeedback technology is an effective way for realizing the intervention and regulation of physical and mental states. The wearable technology develops to real-time health state identification and physical and mental state evaluation from pure physiological parameter monitoring, and then real-time intervention and regulation combined with biofeedback are a closed loop system of monitoring, identification and regulation.
The biofeedback therapy is a novel psychotherapy method which utilizes modern physiological scientific instruments to make patients perform conscious idea control and psychological training after special training through self feedback of physiological or pathological information in human bodies, thereby eliminating pathological processes and recovering physical and psychological health. The therapy has clear training purpose, intuition and effectiveness and accurate index, so that the cure seeker has no pain and side effect and is deeply welcomed by the patients. Biofeedback starts from the 20 th century through the monitored myoelectric activity, and various biofeedback technologies such as skin temperature feedback, electroencephalogram feedback, heart rate feedback, blood pressure feedback and the like have been developed through myoelectric feedback.
Most of the current biofeedback technologies are single physiological parameter feedback, such as widely used heart rate variability feedback technology, skin temperature and skin electric feedback technology, and the like. The feedback of single physiological parameter has the defect that the change of the coupling relation between systems cannot be reflected, and the core of the body and mind state regulation is that different systems of a human body, including a cardiovascular system, a respiratory system, a nervous system and the like, are in a more coordinated state, namely the coupling effect between the systems is enhanced. The feedback of single physiological parameters, such as heart rate, skin temperature and skin electricity, essentially enhances the coupling degree among multiple systems of a human body and improves the coordination among the systems, but the coupling effect among the systems is not quantized and fed back to a testee when the method is implemented. The adverse effects caused by this include: the skin temperature and skin electricity feedback are completely realized by the expecting of the experimenter to master the relaxing skill or the heart method; the heart rate feedback is required to increase the heart rate change (respiratory sinus arrhythmia) caused by respiration, the coordination among heart-lung systems is neglected, the optimal action effect cannot be achieved, even for some patients with heart-lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure, cardiovascular events can be possibly induced, accidents occur, and the safety and the effectiveness of the biofeedback technology are greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a biological signal feedback method by coupling amplitude and phase to feed back a subject with a coupling result.
The invention relates to a biofeedback method based on amplitude and phase coupling, which comprises the following steps: obtaining an amplitude variation signal from a physiological signal of the subject; obtaining a phase change signal from a physiological signal of a subject; and coupling the amplitude change signal and the phase change signal to obtain the coupling degree of the two paths of signals, and feeding the coupling degree back to the testee.
Preferably, the amplitude variation signal is characterized by a respiratory amplitude variation of a respiratory signal; the phase change signal is characterized by the heartbeat phase change of the electrocardiosignal.
Preferably, the amplitude variation signal is characterized by the amplitude variation of the QRS wave of the electrocardiosignal or the respiration amplitude variation obtained by the area variation of the QRS wave of the electrocardiosignal; the phase change information is characterized by the phase change of the occurrence time of the QRS wave of the electrocardiosignal.
Preferably, the amplitude variation signal is characterized by a respiratory amplitude variation obtained from an amplitude variation of the pulse wave signal; the phase change signal is characterized by the heartbeat phase change obtained at the occurrence moment of the peak or the trough of the pulse wave signal.
Preferably, the pulse wave signal is a continuous volume pulse wave or a blood pressure pulse wave signal.
Preferably, the coupling strength is calculated by phase synchronism.
Preferably, the heartbeat interval signals of the respiration signals and the cardiac electric signals are respectively subjected to linear interpolation, then are respectively subjected to Hilbert transformation after being filtered by a band-pass filter to obtain the amplitude and phase information of the respective signals, the phase information of the respective signals is taken, the phase difference between the two signals is calculated, and the phase synchronism is measured by the variability of the phase difference.
Preferably, the phase synchronism index may be calculated by:
wherein
Is the phase difference of the breathing signal and the heartbeat interval signal of the electrocardiosignal,
and
is the mean value of a certain time interval; p is phase synchronism.
Preferably, the coupling strength is fed back to the subject visually or audibly.
Preferably, the hearing way is to feed back to the testee through music; the rhythm of the guided music is adjusted according to the change of the coupling strength, and the coupling strength is maintained near the maximum value.
Because the human body is a complex nonlinear system, the complex system has a multilayer structure and shows multilayer coupling effect, the ideal biofeedback technology not only needs to care about the change of a certain characteristic parameter, but also needs to care about and quantify the coupling relation between different subsystems of the human body. The patent provides a biofeedback technology based on amplitude-phase coupling analysis among signals, quantifies the coupling degree among systems, takes the coupling degree among the systems as an index, guides a feedback regulation method, further enhances the coordination among different systems of a human body, regulates the physical and mental states, and solves the core problem of the biofeedback technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a biofeedback technique system based on analysis of amplitude-phase coupling between signals;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a biofeedback system based on breath-heart rate coupling analysis;
fig. 3 shows the trend of the coupling between RSA and the cardiopulmonary system (n ═ 49) during the guiding respiration;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the separation of amplitude and phase signals from a single lead ECG;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of separating amplitude and phase signals from a pulse wave signal.
Detailed Description
The biofeedback method based on the amplitude-phase coupling analysis between signals according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the key steps of the biofeedback method based on amplitude-phase coupling between signals of the present invention are 1) obtaining amplitude variation information from one physiological signal and phase information related to the occurrence time of the feature point from another physiological signal; 2) performing coupling analysis between two signals, namely a signal capable of representing amplitude change and a signal capable of representing phase change; 3) the feedback unit is controlled according to the change of the coupling strength between the signals to generate a specific biological feedback guide signal, thereby improving the coupling degree between the signals.
The most common mode of application is coupled feedback between breath-heart rate, as shown in fig. 2. Obtaining amplitude change information from a respiration signal, obtaining phase information at the moment when each heartbeat occurs from an electrocardiosignal, namely a heartbeat interval signal, then carrying out coupling analysis between the respiration amplitude signal and the heartbeat interval signal to obtain a characteristic value capable of representing the coupling strength between the two systems, adjusting a respiratory motion guide unit (feedback unit) by taking the characteristic value as a target function to generate a guide signal capable of gradually maximizing the coupling degree between the heart and lung systems, and adjusting respiratory motion by a subject according to the guide signal to carry out biofeedback training.
The method for quantizing the coupling degree between signals is various, and phase synchronization indexes can be used, and dequantization can be performed through methods such as mutual information entropy and symbol dynamics. The phase synchronization index can be obtained by:
the respiratory amplitude variation signals and the heartbeat interval signals are subjected to linear interpolation respectively, then Hilbert transformation is performed respectively after the respiratory amplitude variation signals and the heartbeat interval signals are filtered by a band-pass filter, amplitude and phase information of the signals are obtained, phase information of the signals is taken, phase difference of the signals is calculated, and phase synchronism is measured according to variability of the phase difference.
The phase synchronism index can be calculated by the following method:
wherein
Is the phase difference of the respiration signal and the inter-beat signal,
and
for a certain time intervalMean value; p is phase synchronism.
The former biological feedback based on the heart rate only focuses on the variation of the heart rate in the breathing process, which is generally called Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) feedback, namely, the physiological phenomenon that the heart rate is accelerated when the patient inhales and slowed down when the patient exhales is utilized, and the physiological phenomenon that the physiological phenomenon takes the increase of the RSA as a training target and does not consider the coordination degree between heart and lung systems. The feedback mode can cause intersystem mismatch in the RSA increasing process due to no concern about the coupling degree among systems, reduce the effect of the biological feedback effect, bring fatigue to users, even induce certain diseases such as arrhythmia, asthma and the like, and greatly reduce the safety and the effectiveness of the biological feedback technology.
Fig. 3 shows the trend of RSA and the trend of coupling between the cardiopulmonary systems observed during the leading breath (49 persons), from which it can be seen that the magnitude of the RR interval is increasing during the gradual decrease of the respiratory rate, i.e. the RSA is increasing monotonically, but the coupling between the cardiopulmonary systems is not increasing with the increase of RSA, reaches a maximum value during 10/min-8/min, and then shows a decreasing trend.
To reflect the effect of the guided respiration on the cardiovascular system, we observed the change of pulse wave transit time (PTT) during the gradual guided respiration, which can characterize the blood pressure and peripheral circulatory resistance changes of the subject. If the pulse wave conduction time is prolonged, the blood pressure of the testee is reduced, and the peripheral circulation resistance is reduced. Table 1 shows the RR interval amplitude, phase synchronization and pulse transit time PTT variation during a subject's progressive guided breathing. It can be seen that, in the process of the respiratory rate changing from high to low, the coupling degree (namely, the phase synchronization index) between the cardiopulmonary systems undergoes the change process of firstly increasing and then decreasing, and the RR interval is monotonically increasing, and represents the PTT guiding respiratory effect, and the change process of the PTT guiding respiratory effect is consistent with the phase synchronization index, namely, the phase synchronization index reaches the maximum value under the respiratory rate of 10 times/minute, and the PTT also reaches the maximum value. When the degree of matching between the cardiopulmonary systems decreases, the PTT also decreases, i.e. blood pressure and peripheral circulatory resistance increase, while the RR interval is always on the increase side in the process. Therefore, the biofeedback technology which simply aims at increasing the RR interval amplitude can reduce the action effect, and the biofeedback technology which takes the coupling degree between systems as an index can find the optimal action interval, so that the biofeedback action effect is maintained to be maximized.
TABLE 1 RR Interval amplitude, phase synchronization and pulse wave conduction time PTT changes during a subject-induced respiration
The biofeedback technology based on the amplitude-phase coupling analysis between signals generally needs two paths of physiological signals, wherein one path of physiological signals obtains amplitude change related information, and the other path of physiological signals obtains phase change related information, but the physiological signals can also be from different dimensional characteristic changes of one path of physiological signals, and amplitude and phase change related signals are obtained from a single signal through a certain signal processing method and are used for coupling analysis.
FIG. 4 shows the acquisition of amplitude and phase change related signals from a single lead ECG for amplitude-phase coupling analysis. Amplitude change of a QRS wave or area change of the QRS wave in an ECG signal is subjected to linear interpolation to obtain amplitude change information related to respiration, time information (phase information) of each heartbeat is obtained from the occurrence position of the R wave of the QRS wave, so that an RR interval signal is obtained, the amplitude change signal related to the respiration and the RR interval signal are subjected to coupling analysis, and the coupling strength is used for adjusting a biofeedback unit to guide a subject to achieve an optimal cardiopulmonary coupling state, so that an optimal biofeedback training effect is achieved.
Fig. 5 shows the amplitude and phase change related signals obtained from the pulse wave signals for amplitude-phase coupling analysis. The amplitude variation of the wave crest or the wave trough point in the pulse wave signal is subjected to linear interpolation to obtain the respiration-related amplitude variation information, the time information (phase information) of the occurrence of each heart beat is obtained from the position of the wave crest or the wave trough point, so that a pulse interval signal is obtained, the respiration-related amplitude variation signal and the pulse interval signal are subjected to coupling analysis, the coupling strength is used for adjusting a biofeedback unit, and a subject is guided to reach an optimal cardiopulmonary coupling state, so that an optimal biofeedback training effect is achieved.
Since breath-heart rate feedback is relatively common, the method of the present application focuses on methods for obtaining breath-related and heart rate-related signals from different signals for coupled analysis and biofeedback. The method is also suitable for coupling analysis and biofeedback among other physiological signals, such as electroencephalogram-electrocardio coupling analysis, amplitude change information related to a certain component is obtained from electroencephalogram, phase change information of a certain characteristic point is obtained from electrocardio, and further, coupling analysis and biofeedback training among heart-brain systems are carried out. Like the cerebral blood flow signal and the peripheral blood flow signal, the signal related to the amplitude and the signal related to the phase can be extracted, and the coupling analysis and the biofeedback training between the central blood flow signal and the peripheral blood flow signal are carried out.
Claims (5)
1. A biofeedback system based on amplitude and phase coupling, comprising:
an amplitude signal unit that obtains an amplitude variation signal from a physiological signal of a subject;
a phase signal unit that obtains a phase change signal from a physiological signal of a subject;
an amplitude-phase coupling analysis unit for coupling the amplitude variation signal and the phase variation signal to obtain the coupling strength of the two signals,
a control unit which feeds back the coupling strength to the subject through a feedback unit;
the amplitude variation signal is characterized by a respiratory amplitude variation of a respiratory signal;
the phase change signal is characterized by the heartbeat phase change of the electrocardiosignal;
the coupling strength is calculated by phase synchronism;
performing linear interpolation on heartbeat interval signals of the respiration signals and the electrocardiosignals respectively, performing Hilbert transformation after filtering by a band-pass filter to obtain amplitude and phase information of the signals, calculating phase difference of the signals and calculating phase synchronism by phase difference variability;
the phase synchronism index can be calculated by the following method:
wherein
Is the phase difference of the breathing signal and the heartbeat interval signal of the electrocardiosignal,
and
is the mean value of a certain time interval; p is phase synchronism.
2. The amplitude and phase coupling based biofeedback system of claim 1, wherein:
the amplitude variation signal is characterized by the amplitude variation of the pulse wave signal to obtain the respiration amplitude variation;
the phase change signal is characterized by the heartbeat phase change obtained at the occurrence moment of the peak or the trough of the pulse wave signal.
3. The amplitude and phase coupling based biofeedback system of claim 2, wherein:
the pulse wave signal is a continuous volume pulse wave or a blood pressure pulse wave signal.
4. The amplitude and phase coupling based biofeedback system of claim 1, wherein: the coupling strength is fed back to the testee in a visual or acoustic mode.
5. The amplitude and phase coupling based biofeedback system of claim 4, wherein:
the auditory mode is that the music is fed back to the testee;
the rhythm of the guided music is adjusted according to the change of the coupling strength, and the coupling strength is maintained near the maximum value.
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| CN114098756A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-01 | 杭州菲诗奥医疗科技有限公司 | Cardiopulmonary coupling analysis method based on single-channel ECG signal |
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| CN201658782U (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2010-12-01 | 张政波 | Portable cardio-pulmonary function exercising and guiding device |
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