CN107528343A - A kind of wind-powered electricity generation participates in real-time control method - Google Patents
A kind of wind-powered electricity generation participates in real-time control method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wind-powered electricity generation to participate in real-time control method, obtains the target function value of net load incremental forecasting value and control unit first；The marginal cost desired value of calculation control unit；Then system power vacancy and operation basic point are changed；Correct AGC units and the operation basic point and system power vacancy of wind power plant；Finally judge whether system power vacancy is zero and whether each local control unit target function value no longer changes；If it is not, then return to step S1 carries out next iteration, if it is, according to final result amendment wind power plant and AGC unit operation basic points.Method provided by the invention passes through wind power plant and the real-time Controlling model of AGC unit distributed collaborations, in large-scale wind power and control in real time off the net, by the predicted value of net load increment between conventional AGC units and wind power plant by etc. marginal costing be then allocated, with reduce system operation cost and improve system wind electricity digestion capability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of new energy power generation, particularly a kind of wind-powered electricity generation participates in real-time control method.
Background technology
The error that current output of wind electric field was predicted before 1 hour is up to 10%-15%, the randomness of wind-powered electricity generation and uncertain increasing
Big system net load fluctuation amplitude and speed, new requirement is proposed to power system Real-Time Scheduling and Automatic Generation Control.
With the increase of wind-powered electricity generation capacity proportion in systems, influence of the wind-power electricity generation to power system is also all the more obvious, big wind speed
Disturbance can make system voltage and frequency produce great changes, the stable operation of system may be threatened when serious.Therefore, how
Wind-powered electricity generation is utilized as much as possible, and ensures power network safety operation, is the problem of people have to face.
Regulation task is mainly undertaken by AGC units in Real-Time Scheduling time scale.At present, AGC unit outputs in power network
Datum mark determined by control centre in operation plan formulation process by super short period load and wind-powered electricity generation information of forecasting, each unit base
Point and the participation factor are the result of plan gross capability optimization distribution, do within every 15 minutes a rolling optimization, are protected within the period
Hold constant.If wind power contributed deviation in 15 minutes, expection is larger, and unidirectional lasting climbing, AGC unit plan gross capabilities with
Net load will produce relatively large deviation, and if original plan definite value makes corresponding adjustment not in time, will increase AGC units quick regulation
Pressure and operating cost.
When wind-powered electricity generation permeability is relatively low, wind power plant operates in maximal power tracing state mostly, with wind-powered electricity generation permeability
Increase, being predicted that relative load prediction level is relatively low by wind-powered electricity generation is influenceed, and conventional AGC units plan is contributed to be had with actual optimal output
Larger deviation.To reduce influence of the plain machine fluctuation of wind power to system, wind power plant operates in more and is planned out force mode at present
Or equal proportion Control of decreasing load pattern, therefore, it is necessary to a kind of wind-powered electricity generation participates in real-time control method.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of wind-powered electricity generation to participate in real-time control method.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Wind-powered electricity generation provided by the invention participates in real-time control method, comprises the following steps：
S1：Obtain the net load incremental forecasting value of AGC units respectively from control centre；
S2：Ask for the target function value of wind power plant and AGC unit allocation units；
S3：The marginal cost desired value of calculation control unit；
S4：System power vacancy is changed according to marginal cost desired value；
S5：AGC units and the output adjustment amount and operation basic point of wind power plant are obtained according to system power vacancy；
S6：Correct AGC units and the operation basic point and system power vacancy of wind power plant；
S7：Judge whether system power vacancy is zero and whether each local control unit target function value no longer changes；Such as
Fruit is no, then return to step S1 carries out next iteration, if it is, according to final result amendment wind power plant and AGC unit operations
Basic point.
Further, described control unit marginal cost desired value obtains in the following manner：
In formula：t0For a certain moment in iterative optimization procedure, Mi(t0+ Δ t) is t0+ time Δt local control unit i
Marginal cost desired value,For t0Moment system power vacancy, λ are gain coefficient；aijBetween local control unit i and j
Topological relation, connect as 1, do not connect as 0；dijThe weight coefficient of each information is represented,With being to lack system power
Volume introduces iterative process；WhenSystem output desired value is equal with load power when being zero.
Further, the amendment of the AGC unit operations basic point is carried out in such a way：
If Mi(t) in PG, i, ref(t) it is dull, according to Mi(t0+ Δ t) is in PG, i, ref(t) basic point value corresponding to nearby searching；
Otherwise, M is passed through1(t0+ Δ t) and iteration initial value M1,0It is determined that output adjustment direction；
If Mi(t0+ Δ t) ＞ M1,0And M1(t) in PG, i, ref(t) it is increased monotonically, then more than PG, i, ref(t) side lookup and Mi
(t0Basic point value corresponding to+Δ t)；
If with Mi(t0When output corresponding to+Δ t) is unsatisfactory for climbing or the constraint of the output upper limit, then according to below equation pair
Marginal cost desired value is adjusted：
Mi(t0+ Δ t)=(Kf+Ke)(2ai(PG, i(t-1)+R′I, s)+bi)
Mi(t0+ Δ t)=(Kf+Ke)(2aiPG, i, max+bi)
Then the M after adjustment is passed throughi(t0+ Δ t) show that unit i corresponding to iteration runs basic point adjustment amount Δ PG, i。
Further, the amendment of the wind power plant operation basic point is carried out in such a way：
ΔPW=(MW(t0+Δt)-MW(t0))/aW
In formula：ΔPW,adjThe Δ P drawn for current iterationW,adjVariable quantity, MW(t0+ Δ t) is wind power plant marginal cost mesh
Scale value, for adjusting output of wind electric field desired value；KWSent for wind power plant to the marginal cost signal of control unit；aWRepresent wind
Electric field sets virtual power regulatory factor；ΔPWBasic point adjustment amount is run for wind power plant corresponding to current iteration；
The Δ PWAsk for carrying out according to below equation：
In formula：PW,ref(t0) it is wind power plant active power output planned value corresponding to current control time, take in an iterative process
Value keeps constant.
Further, the amendment of the system power vacancy is carried out in such a way：
Wherein, Δ PG,iRepresent unit i operation basic point adjustment amounts.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the present invention has the advantage that：
Wind-powered electricity generation provided by the invention participates in real-time control method, establishes wind power plant and AGC unit distributed collaborations are real-time
Controlling model, and the distributed increment unification algorism suitable for large-scale wind power and control process in real time off the net is proposed, will be net
The predicted value of load increment between conventional AGC units and wind power plant by etc. marginal costing be then allocated, be to reduce
Operating cost of uniting and raising system wind electricity digestion capability.
Other advantages, target and the feature of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description to a certain extent, and
And to a certain extent, based on will be apparent to those skilled in the art to investigating hereafter, Huo Zheke
To be instructed from the practice of the present invention.The target and other advantages of the present invention can by following specification realizing and
Obtain.
Brief description of the drawings
The brief description of the drawings of the present invention is as follows.
Fig. 1 is wind power plant and the real-time control principle drawing of AGC aircrew cooperations.
Fig. 2 is distributed increment unification algorism schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is wind power plant and the real-time control flow of AGC unit distributed collaborations.
Fig. 4 is the test system containing wind power plant.
Fig. 5 is load power and Power Output for Wind Power Field curve.
Fig. 6 is that AGC units adjust nargin comparison diagram under different control models.
Fig. 7 is output of wind electric field comparison diagram under different control models.
Fig. 8 is each AGC units marginal cost comparison diagram under different control models.
Fig. 9 is load power and Power Output for Wind Power Field curve.
Figure 10 is output of wind electric field comparison diagram under two kinds of control models.
Figure 11 is that AGC units adjust nargin comparison diagram under two kinds of control models.
Figure 12 is each AGC units marginal cost comparison diagram under two kinds of control models.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
The wind-powered electricity generation that the present embodiment provides participates in real-time control method, comprises the following steps：
S1：Obtain the net load incremental forecasting value of AGC units respectively from control centre；
S2：Ask for the target function value of wind power plant and AGC unit allocation units；
S3：The marginal cost desired value of calculation control unit；
S4：System power vacancy is changed according to marginal cost desired value；
S5：AGC units and the output adjustment amount and operation basic point of wind power plant are obtained according to system power vacancy；
S6：Correct AGC units and the operation basic point and system power vacancy of wind power plant；
S7：Judge whether system power vacancy is zero and whether each local control unit target function value no longer changes；Such as
Fruit is no, then return to step S1 carries out next iteration, if it is, according to final result amendment wind power plant and AGC unit operations
Basic point.
Described control unit marginal cost desired value obtains in the following manner：
In formula：t0For a certain moment in iterative optimization procedure, Mi(t0+ Δ t) is t0+ time Δt local control unit i
Marginal cost desired value,For t0Moment system power vacancy, λ are gain coefficient；aijBetween local control unit i and j
Topological relation, connect as 1, do not connect as 0；dijThe weight coefficient of each information is represented,With being to lack system power
Volume introduces iterative process；WhenSystem output desired value is equal with load power when being zero.
The amendment of the AGC unit operations basic point is carried out in such a way：
If Mi(t) in PG, i, ref(t) it is dull, according to Mi(t0+ Δ t) is in PG, i, ref(t) basic point value corresponding to nearby searching；
Otherwise, M is passed through1(t0+ Δ t) and iteration initial value M1,0It is determined that output adjustment direction；
If Mi(t0+ Δ t) ＞ M1,0And M1(t) in PG, i, ref(t) it is increased monotonically, then more than PG, i, ref(t) side lookup and Mi
(t0Basic point value corresponding to+Δ t)；
If with Mi(t0When output corresponding to+Δ t) is unsatisfactory for climbing or the constraint of the output upper limit, then according to below equation pair
Marginal cost desired value is adjusted：
Mi(t0+ Δ t)=(Kf+Ke)(2ai(PG, i(t-1)+R′I, s)+bi)
Mi(t0+ Δ t)=(Kf+Ke)(2aiPG, i, max+bi)
Then the M after adjustment is passed throughi(t0+ Δ t) show that unit i corresponding to iteration runs basic point adjustment amount Δ PG, i。
The amendment of the wind power plant operation basic point is carried out in such a way：
ΔPW=(MW(t0+Δt)-MW(t0))/aW
In formula：ΔPW, adjThe Δ P drawn for current iterationW, adjVariable quantity, MW(t0+ Δ t) is wind power plant marginal cost mesh
Scale value, for adjusting output of wind electric field desired value；KWSent for wind power plant to the marginal cost signal of control unit；aWRepresent wind
Electric field sets virtual power regulatory factor；ΔPWBasic point adjustment amount is run for wind power plant corresponding to current iteration；
The Δ PWAsk for carrying out according to below equation：
In formula：PW, ref(t0) it is wind power plant active power output planned value corresponding to current control time, take in an iterative process
Value keeps constant.
The amendment of the system power vacancy is carried out in such a way：
Wherein, Δ PG, iRepresent unit i operation basic point adjustment amounts.
Embodiment 2
The wind-powered electricity generation that the present embodiment provides participates in real-time control method, is by dividing wind power plant real power control model
Analysis, and a kind of real-time control method that the analysis to system AGC units adjustment cost and the influence factor for adjusting nargin obtains, it is first
First define four kinds of control models：1) wind power plant is reduced in a manner of limiting output by operation plan value setting operation basic point and Reeb
It is dynamic；Each AGC units participate in factor follow load with fixed；2) wind fire bundling output control pattern, i.e. part AGC units and wind-powered electricity generation
Field pairing is adjusted to improve wind electricity digestion amount；Remaining AGC units follow load changes；3) AGC units in part match with wind power plant
Regulation considers load variations to heighten while wind electricity digestion amount, the fluctuation of remaining AGC units follow load；4) wind power plant operates in
Maximal power tracing state, conventional AGC follow loads change.To reduce wind-powered electricity generation fluctuation pair while maximizing and dissolving wind-powered electricity generation
AGC adjusts the influence of nargin, is controlled in real time with AGC units distributed collaboration by building the wind power plant under minute level time scale
Model, and the distributed increment unification algorism suitable for large-scale wind power and control process in real time off the net is proposed, by net load
The predicted value of increment between conventional AGC units and wind power plant by etc. marginal costing be then allocated, with reduce system fortune
Row cost and raising system wind electricity digestion capability.
Wind electricity volatility is analyzed AGC Influencing Mechanism, specific as follows：
The grid-connected influence to system AGC of large-scale wind power is mainly reflected in the increase of real-time control cost and reduces AGC machines
Group regulating power, the real-time control cost of system such as shown in formula (7-1) in the case of wind-electricity integration, to accurately reflect wind-powered electricity generation in system
The influence of AGC unit performances, wherein, AGC regulation margin index Pr(t) as shown in formula (7-3).
Wherein：
In formula：Ri,sFor unit i creep speeds, unit MW/min, TiFor the time span of single control time, take
1min.T is total period, if 15 minutes；N is AGC unit numbers；CiAnd C (t)W(t) be respectively period t unit i and wind power plant fortune
Row cost；Ci,T,0To formulate the operating cost in the AGC unit T times drawn during operation plan.PG,jAnd P (t)W(t) it is respectively
Period t unit i and wind power plant active power output, S (PG,j(t)) the consumption characteristic for being t period units i, system is monitored on-line by coal consumption
System fitting draw, ai,biAnd ciFor constant coefficient, KfAnd KeRespectively fuel price and co2Price, Kr,jGo out unit of force for unit i
Adjustment cost, KWThe unit adjustment cost of real-time control process is participated in for wind power plant.PW,adj(t) Collaborative Control is participated in for wind power plant
During active power adjustment amount, represent Collaborative Control during wind power plant degree of participation.
Current integrated wind plant operation control model includes maximal power tracing control model, wind fire bundling sends pattern outside
(output general power is constant) and go out force control mode according to plan, system AGC is adjusted to contrast wind-electricity integration under different control models
The influence of cost and regulating power is saved, this problem compared for four kinds of wind power plant real-time control modes, as shown in table 7-1.Wherein mould
Formula l is the control model of traditional complete execution operation plan；Pattern 2 is the control mould for the purpose of maximizing and dissolve wind-powered electricity generation
Formula, the model function lower part AGC units are adjusted with wind power plant pairing to improve wind electricity digestion amount, and gross capability keeps constant,
It is not responding to load variations；Pattern 3 is put forward control model by this problem.
The wind power plant of table 1 and AGC unit cooperative control models
Wind power plant participates in AGC control principles：Wind power plant is with the control in real time of AGC units distributed collaboration, it is necessary to ensure AGC
Unit improves system overall operation economy on the premise of necessarily adjusting standby nargin.Significantly deviate expection in wind power output
When, system operation cost increment mostlys come from the AGC units cost amount of having a net increase of and wind-powered electricity generation adjustment cost, and wind-powered electricity generation participates in Collaborative Control
Process equivalent to providing a part of spare capacity, wind power plant adjustment cost be wind power plant participate in Collaborative Control process it is standby into
This.
Formula (7-1) can not be directly as the object function of each control unit in distributed AC servo system.AGC unit allocations instruct
Discrete, when each control instruction can realize load increment optimum allocation, cost minimization.If ignore caused by control in real time
Via net loss changes, then can proper standby period wind power plant and the regulation of AGC units with the lagrange's method of multipliers for seeking conditional extremum
When marginal cost is equal, both total operating costs are minimum, can be represented by the following formula.
In formula：T and t-I represent t and the t-I control time, R ' respectivelyi,sTo consider power network instantaneous stand-by nargin
Unit i creep speed limit values, Pr,minFor minimum instantaneous stand-by, and emergency duty sum mean allocation standby equal to load fluctuation is extremely
The amount of each minute.
The above analysis, construct wind power plant and the real-time control cost model of AGC unit distributed collaborations, wherein formula
(7-6) is object function, and formula (7-7) is constraints.
Mi(t)=Mj(t)=MW(t) (i, j ∈ 1 ... N) (7-6)
s.t.
ΔP′n-l(t)=(P 'load(t)-P′W, max(t))-(Pload(t)-PW, ref(t)) (7-9)
In formula：Mi(t) it is that period t unit i adjusts marginal cost, P in real-time control processG,j,minAnd PG,jmaxFor unit i
Output bound, P 'load(t)、P′W,maxAnd DP ' (t)n,t(t) be respectively predict in the t-I periods t period system loading amounts with
Wind power plant maximum can capture wind power and net load increment, PG,j,refAnd P (t)W,ref(t) it is respectively period t unit i and wind power plant
Plan contribute, Pload(t) it is formulation wind power plant and the t period system loading amounts of AGC units plan output when institute's reference, load
Precision of prediction is higher, it is believed that Pload(t)=P 'load(t)。
Wind-powered electricity generation participates in real-time control process structure design：AGC unit outputs are controlled by combined command signal, and one is second level
Acute new area power deviation signal Δ PACE, another is the benchmark operating point signal of renewal in every 15 minutes once.It is although current
Control centre can accomplish the benchmark operating point of real-time update AGC units, but the load prediction that control algolithm is relied on
Information is the point at 15 minutes intervals, and the load value in every 15 minutes is obtained by interpolation algorithm.Due to the regularity of load change, bear
The level of lotus prediction is at a relatively high, is relatively applicable when which is based on the conventional power generation usage unit, wind power integration ratio is smaller.With
The increase of wind power integration ratio, will wind-powered electricity generation as negative load, then the larger prediction error of system net load will cause AGC
The actual output of unit deviates economical operating point, increases system operation cost；Meanwhile net load fluctuation can consume it is a large amount of standby
With the regulation allowance of reduction AGC units.In order to coordinate the performance driving economy and adjustment effect of Wind turbines and AGC units, this class
On the basis of topic keeps existing centralized instruction mode in control centre, increase by one in the control unit of AGC units and Wind turbines
The control signal of minute level, it may participate in distribution that a minute level has been constructed between the AGC units of regulation and Wind turbines
Collaborative Control system, as shown in figure 1, and by distributed algorithm and exchange technology, realize AGC units and Wind turbines
Real-time collaborative controls.
In Fig. 1, the wind-powered electricity generation information of forecasting of ultra-short term minute level is handed down to the local control unit of AGC units.Unit Gl
Local control unit be the main control unit of distribution Collaborative Control, be responsible for system initial power vacancy, i.e. subsequent period system
System net load incremental forecasting value is incorporated into real-time controlling unit, and according to the interactive information with other AGC units and wind power plant
Amendment is iterated to it.The power generation command that AGC units are an actually-received is operation basic point and Δ PACESum, by climbing capacity
Limitation, variable capacity is limited in the unit interval.AGC units also need to reserve necessarily instantaneous in addition to adjustment operation basic point according to schedule
The standby generator failure that may be occurred with tackling is stopped transport, sudden load change constant power disturbs.Fig. 1 is that wind power plant is assisted with AGC units
With real-time control principle drawing；In Fig. 1, Δ PACE,1For the active power adjustment amount of unit Gl response region control deviations, PG,1And PWRespectively
For Gl and wind power plant active power output, speed limit and amplitude limit link effect are in limitation AGC generator active power adjustments speed and output respectively
Lower limit.
Distributed control in real time includes two groups of links：1) information exchange link, the information being responsible between each local control unit
Interaction, interaction content are each local control unit target function value, other control units send to main control unit information also
Including self-operating basic point adjustment amount；2) object function iterated revision link, it is responsible for according to other control units letter received
Breath is iterated revision to own target functional value.Above-mentioned two link alternately, realizes system net load increment in wind power plant
Optimization distribution between AGC.
It is different from centerized fusion, local control unit model no requirement (NR) of the distributed AC servo system to participation control process, fit
Ying Xingqiang, each local control unit need to only have unified control targe, be applicable to the real-time of a variety of new-energy grid-connecteds
Control process.
7.3 wind-powered electricity generations participate in real-time control process
Distributed control process in real time is redistribution process of the system net load increment between wind power plant and AGC units.System
Uniting, net load increment is limited, and therefore, real-time control process belongs to the fine setting to wind power plant and AGC unit basic point planned values.
This problem proposes the distributed increment unification algorism containing wind power plant, and this method is to local control unit model without tool
Body requirement.Its principle be participate in optimization process each local control unit according to unified rule, it is equal for mesh with object function
Mark is iterated optimization.Its in the real-time control process of power network application principle as shown in Fig. 2 Gl, G2 and G3 are AGC machines in figure
Group, G4 are wind power plant.
Fig. 2 is distributed increment unification algorism schematic diagram
It should meet that corresponding unit marginal cost is attached in operation basic point planned value in the main control unit selection of distributed AC servo system
It is near dull, correctly to guide other local control units to correspond to the basic point makeover process of unit.Assuming that Gl is main control unit, two
The time interval of secondary iteration is Δ t, and information transfer delay is τ, and the iterative process of the distributed single of control in real time is as follows：
1) each local control unit target function value is asked for
Main control unit and other local control unit object function iterative process such as formula (7-10) and (7- in single iteration
11) shown in.The foundation of iteration is itself last iteration result and receives other control unit information (other control units
The result of last iteration), formula (7-10) and (7-11) be each main control unit and local control unit i respectively to itself upper one
The process of secondary iteration result and the information such as weight average received, dijThe weight coefficient of each information is represented, in formula (7-10)Be by system power vacancy introduce iterative process.WhenSystem output desired value and load power phase when being zero
Deng.
In formula：t0For a certain moment in iterative optimization procedure, Mi(t0+ Δ t) is t0+ time Δt local control unit i
Marginal cost desired value,For t0Moment system power vacancy, λ are gain coefficient.aijBetween local control unit i and j
Topological relation, connect as 1, do not connect as 0, its value automatically updates in each iteration, and basis for estimation is two local to control
Whether there is information exchange between unit.If certain unit, because communication disruption or failure are out of service, other units are still joined by above-mentioned rule
With real-time control process.
2) conventional AGC unit operations basic point and target function value are corrected
If Mi(t) in PG,i,ref(t) it is dull nearby, can be directly according to Mi(t0+ Δ t) is in PG,i,ref(t) nearby search corresponding
Basic point value.Otherwise, it is understood that there may be multiple performance numbers and Mi(t0+ Δ t) is corresponding, should now pass through M first1(t0+ Δ t) and its
Iteration initial value M1,0It is determined that output adjustment direction, if Mi(t0+ Δ t) ＞ M1,0And M1(t) in PG,i,ref(t) nearby it is increased monotonically,
Then illustrate that now system power vacancy is just, need to be more than PG,i,ref(t) side lookup and Mi(t0Basic point value corresponding to+Δ t)；Its
His processing mode of situation is similar.
If draw and Mi(t0Being contributed corresponding to+Δ t) need to be according to formula (7- when being unsatisfactory for climbing or the constraint of the output upper limit
13) marginal cost objective value is adjusted with (7-14), processing mode class when lower climbing and the constraint of output lower limit are unsatisfactory for
Seemingly.Then the M after adjustment is passed throughi(t0+ Δ t) show that unit i corresponding to iteration herein runs basic point adjustment amount Δ PG,i。
Mi(t0+ Δ U=(Kf+Ke)(2ai(PG, i(t-1)+R′I, s)+bi) (7-13)
Mi(t0+ Δ t)=(Kf+Ke)(2aiPG, i, max+bi) (7-14)
3) wind power plant operation basic point is corrected
Different from conventional AGC units, wind power plant marginal cost is with active power output without corresponding relation, no image of Buddha routine AGC machines
Group is the same to calculate output adjustment amount according to marginal cost.This problem is that wind power plant sets virtual power regulatory factor aW, adjustment original
Reason is as shown in formula (7-15).
ΔPW=(MW(t0+Δt)-MW(t0))/aW (7-15)
In formula：ΔPW, adjThe Δ P drawn for current iterationW, adjVariable quantity, MW(t0+ Δ t) is wind power plant marginal cost mesh
Scale value, the value are only used for adjusting output of wind electric field desired value, and wind power plant, which is sent to the marginal cost signal of other control units, is
KW。
Assuming that Δ PWBasic point adjustment amount is run for wind power plant corresponding to current iteration, due to PW, adjIt is non-monotonic, it may deposit
In multiple Δ PWWith Δ PW, adjIt is corresponding, Δ PWAsk for shown in principle such as formula (7-16).
In formula：PW, ref(t0) it is wind power plant active power output planned value corresponding to current control time, take in an iterative process
Value keeps constant.
4) update the system power shortage
The Δ P that main control unit is drawn according to step 2) and 3)G, iWith Δ PWUpdate the system power shortage, makeover process is such as
Shown in formula (7-17).
4) update the system power shortage
The Δ P that main control unit is drawn according to step 2) and 3)G, iWith Δ PWUpdate the system power shortage, make positive process such as
Shown in formula (7-17).
5) judge whether to restrain, the system power vacancy that is masked as of iteration convergence is zero and each local control unit target letter
Numerical value no longer changes.If no convergence return to step 1) next iteration is carried out, according to final result according to figure if convergence
7-1 corrects wind power plant and AGC unit operation basic point planned values.
The implementing procedure of said process is as shown in figure 3, wherein ε is threshold value.Dotted line frame inside points are complete by control centre in figure
Into remaining process is completed by the local controller of wind power plant and AGC units.Fig. 3 is wind power plant and AGC unit distributed collaborations
Real-time control flow；The system of the present embodiment uses the bus test systems of New-England 39, passes through New-England 39
Node system carries out simulating, verifying, and example structure is as shown in figure 4, be wind power plant at node 39, by 200 1.5MW double-fed speed changes
Wind turbines form, and total capacity 300MW, conventional power unit total capacity is 2600MW.Generated electricity at node 30,31,32,33,34,35
Machine is AGC units, and each machine unit characteristic coefficient is as shown in table 2；Fuel price is 62.47 $/t, CO2Price is 30 $/t；Wind power plant KW
For 80 $/(MW.h), load data derives from actual electric network in emulation, and peak load is about 1600MW, P in systemR, minTake
14MW, wind farm data derive from Ji north wind power base wind farm data.Fig. 4 is the test system containing wind power plant.
Table 2 is AGC unit generation characteristic coefficients
Each AGC units are initially contributed respectively { 124.16,186.32,132.69,113.58,213.84,223.05 }, wind
It is 200MW that electric field, which is initially contributed,.First so that one optimizes the period as an example to problem in carry strategy and verify, if communication delay
0.1s is taken, distributed AC servo system iteration time interval takes 0.2s, and the distributed collaboration control convergence time is 1.8s, meets application on site
It is required that.State 3 kinds of control model effects to soil below with 60min wind-powered electricity generations and load data to be analyzed, load data is
1min- point, wind power data are 15s- point, and load curve and wind power plant maximum can capture wind power curve such as in emulation
Shown in Fig. 5.Fig. 5 is load power and Power Output for Wind Power Field curve；Fig. 6 is in system when four kinds of control models are respectively adopted
AGC units adjust nargin change curve.AGC units adjust nargin comparison diagram under Fig. 6 difference control models.
From fig. 6, it can be seen that compared with pattern 1, the lower AGC unit regulations nargin of the effect of pattern 2 substantially reduces, and reason is this
Under model function, part AGC units are adjusted to increase wind electricity digestion amount with wind power plant pairing, occupy a large amount of AGC regulating powers,
Now load fluctuation is stabilized by remaining AGC completely, and the standby resources to increase overally are more than pattern 1.Compared with pattern 1, pattern 3
Under effect, AGC units regulation nargin is significantly improved in 10~30min, and reason is that wind power constrained portions can in the period
Stabilize load fluctuation, AGC regulations both nargin, remaining moment is improved while wind-powered electricity generation limited amount is reduced and is more or less the same.
The lower AGC regulations nargin of the effect of pattern 4 is more or less the same with pattern 2, but is significantly less than pattern 1, and reason is that wind power plant operates in maximum
Power tracking state increases system net load fluctuation amplitude and speed.
To propose influence of the control strategy to AGC unit allocation performances in further analysis text, this problem is based on NERC's
CPS1 and CPS2 indexs, CPS1 are a kind of cold standards of amount of statistical regions mains frequency control effect, and its minimum commitment value is
100, represent that frequency modulation service can be provided for whole interconnected network on the basis of one's respective area power grid frequency modulation demand is met more than 100,
Represent to need interconnected network to help one's respective area power grid frequency modulation when less than 100, it is stable to be unfavorable for whole mains frequency；CPS2 reflects
Regional power grid ACE control targe satisfactions, maximum 100.With Ji north wind power base wind power plant and actual electric network one day
Data instance has carried out simulation analysis, and CPS index result of calculations are as shown in table 3.
Table 3 is influence of the different controls to system frequency Con trolling index
| System frequency index | Pattern 1 | Pattern 2 | Pattern 3 | Pattern 4 |
| CPS1% | 106 | 81 | 107 | 79 |
| CPS2% | 86 | 73 | 95 | 74 |
From table 3 it is observed that compared with pattern 1, the lower system frequency Con trolling index of the effect of pattern 2 declines obvious, reason
It is under the model function, part AGC units are adjusted with wind power plant pairing, reduce AGC units fm capacity in system.With pattern
2 compare, and pattern 3 introduces 1 minute level wind-powered electricity generation information of forecasting in real-time control, and wind power plant and AGC operation basic points are carried out
Amendment, reduce system gross capability and load deviation and load alternation process in system frequency deviation, system frequency control
Index is obviously improved；Meanwhile wind-powered electricity generation participates in real-time control process and has stabilized sub-load fluctuation, enhances to a certain extent
System fm capacity.The reason for FREQUENCY CONTROL index of pattern 4 is relatively low is increased net load fluctuation amplitude and speed, corresponding to increase
The frequency departure of system in big load alternation process.Fig. 7 is output of wind electric field comparison diagram under different control models；Fig. 7 and Fig. 8
Power Output for Wind Power Field curve and each AGC units marginal cost comparison diagram during for four kinds of control models are respectively adopted, Fig. 8 is not
With each AGC units marginal cost comparison diagram under control model；In figure Gl, G2, G3, G4, G5 and G6 represent respectively unit 30,31,
32nd, 33,34 and 35.Table 4 is that corresponding wind power plant gross capability and actual motion Shen wind-powered electricity generation during four kinds of control models is respectively adopted
Field and AGC unit total operating cost increments.
The lower wind power plant gross capability of the different mode of table 4 effect and corresponding wind power plant and AGC unit total operating costs
It is can be seen that in Fig. 7 and table 4 compared with pattern 1, though the lower wind electricity digestion amount of the effect of control model 2 significantly improves,
Also increase system operation cost simultaneously.Under reason is that pattern 2 acts on, 30,31 and during wind power plant active power output increase
No. 32 AGC units keep constant with wind power plant gross capability, and this 3 AGC units deviate from economical operating point, the operation with wind power plant
Totle drilling cost increased.System loading change is undertaken by 33,34 and No. 35 AGC units completely, compared with the effect of pattern 1,
During load is increased, this 3 AGC adjustmentcapacity of unit are significantly increased, and corresponding marginal cost significantly increases, and adds
System operation cost.
Compared with pattern 2, pattern 3 act under, wind power plant during active power output is increased with 30,31 and No. 32 AGC machines
Group participates in real-time control process jointly, and is that the equal direction of marginal cost adjusts active power output towards optimal direction, improves
System operation economy.Meanwhile wind power increment has balanced out sub-load increment, reduce in system net load increment and
The active regulated quantity of AGC units, further reduces system operation cost.Compared with pattern 3, under pattern 4 acts on, though output of wind electric field
It increased, but system operation cost is consequently increased.Main cause be in 10~30min, compared with pattern 3, wind power plant
The power of additional issue increased operating cost be more than conventional AGC units drop and contribute reduced operating cost.
From figure 8, it is seen that under pattern 2 acts on, 33,34 and No. 35 AGC units marginal costs remove in 40min and
Outside 51min is nearby varied from, other moment are held essentially constant.Reason is that two moment are neighbouring by 30,31 and No. 32 AGC units
Climbing reaches limit value R 'is, the problem embodied in figure 6：Two moment, nearby AGC units regulation nargin was significantly lower than other
Moment；At other moment, 3 AGC units of wind power plant and paired regulation, which can be realized, stabilizes load fluctuation.
The present embodiment uses actual electric network test system；Model method is carried in actual electric network by further checking this chapter
Validity, simulating, verifying is carried out by taking certain regional power grid as an example below.Wherein Fig. 9 is wind-powered electricity generation and load curve, and Figure 10 is difference
Output of wind electric field change curve when putting forward control model using traditional mode and this problem, Figure 11 are that both of which effect is lower conventional
AGC units adjust nargin comparison diagram, and Figure 12 is conventional AGC units marginal cost change curve under both of which effect.Table 5 is distinguished
Wind power plant increases with AGC units total operating cost in corresponding wind power plant gross capability and actual motion during using two kinds of control models
Amount.
The lower wind power plant gross capability of the both of which of table 5 effect and corresponding wind power plant and AGC unit total operating costs
| Pattern | 1 | 3 |
| Wind power plant gross capability (MWh) | 190.91 | 192.86 |
| Wind power plant and AGC unit total operating cost increments $ | 127 | 83 |
Fig. 9 is load power and Power Output for Wind Power Field curve；Figure 10 is that output of wind electric field contrasts under two kinds of control models
Figure；Figure 11 is that AGC units adjust nargin comparison diagram under two kinds of control models；Figure 12 is each AGC units side under two kinds of control models
Border Cost comparisons scheme；It is different from 39 node examples of upper section New-England, under this example load is continuous in simulation process
Drop.From Fig. 9 and table 5 as can be seen that this chapter carries model method and also can preferably reflect wind-electricity integration pair in actual electric network
Power network AGC influence.
The problem of increasing AGC units regulation pressure and operating cost for the grid-connected power swing of large-scale wind power, to wind
Influence of the electric field to system AGC units adjustment cost and regulation nargin under different control models is analyzed, and is constructed
Wind power plant and the real-time Controlling model of AGC unit distributed collaborations and strategy.The strategy brings wind power plant real power control into AGC rings
In section, distributed collaboration control system that a minute level has been constructed between the AGC units of regulation and Wind turbines is being may participate in,
Realize that wind power plant fluctuates with the common stabilizing system net load of conventional AGC units, and propose wind power plant and assisted with AGC machines distribution type
Same real time control algorithms.
Simulation Example result shows：1) wind power plant can ensure AGC unit regulating powers with the control in real time of AGC unit cooperatives
While improve wind electricity digestion amount；2) optimization distribution of the net load increment between wind power plant and each AGC can in control process in real time
Effectively reduce system operation cost.
Finally illustrate, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted, although with reference to compared with
The present invention is described in detail good embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme is modified or equivalent substitution, and without departing from the objective and scope of the technical program, it all should cover in the present invention
Protection domain among.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of wind-powered electricity generation participates in real-time control method, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
S1：Obtain the net load incremental forecasting value of AGC units respectively from control centre；
S2：Ask for the target function value of wind power plant and AGC unit allocation units；
S3：The marginal cost desired value of calculation control unit；
S4：System power vacancy is changed according to marginal cost desired value；
S5：AGC units and the output adjustment amount and operation basic point of wind power plant are obtained according to system power vacancy；
S6：Correct AGC units and the operation basic point and system power vacancy of wind power plant；
S7：Judge whether system power vacancy is zero and whether each local control unit target function value no longer changes；If not,
Then return to step S1 carries out next iteration, if it is, according to final result amendment wind power plant and AGC unit operation basic points.
2. wind-powered electricity generation as claimed in claim 1 participates in real-time control method, it is characterised in that：Described control unit marginal cost mesh
Scale value obtains in the following manner：
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In formula：t0For a certain moment in iterative optimization procedure, Mi(t0+ Δ t) is t0+ time Δt local control unit i limit
Cost objective value,For t0Moment system power vacancy, λ are gain coefficient；aijFor the topology between local control unit i and j
Relation, connect as 1, do not connect as 0；dijThe weight coefficient of each information is represented,With being to introduce system power vacancy
Iterative process；WhenSystem output desired value is equal with load power when being zero.
3. wind-powered electricity generation as claimed in claim 1 participates in real-time control method, it is characterised in that：The AGC unit operations basic point
Amendment is carried out in such a way：
If Mi(t) in PG,i,ref(t) it is dull, according to Mi(t0+ Δ t) is in PG,i,ref(t) basic point value corresponding to nearby searching；
Otherwise, M is passed through1(t0+ Δ t) and iteration initial value M1,0It is determined that output adjustment direction；
If Mi(t0+ Δ t) ＞ M1,0And M1(t) in PG,i,ref(t) it is increased monotonically, then more than PG,i,ref(t) side lookup and Mi(t0+
Basic point value corresponding to Δ t)；
If with Mi(t0When output corresponding to+Δ t) is unsatisfactory for climbing or the constraint of the output upper limit, then according to below equation to limit
Cost objective value is adjusted：
Mi(t0+ Δ t)=(Kf+Ke)(2ai(PG, i(t-1)+R′I, s)+bi)
Mi(t0+ Δ t)=(Kf+Ke)(2aiPG, i, max+bi)
Then the M after adjustment is passed throughi(t0+ Δ t) show that unit i corresponding to iteration runs basic point adjustment amount Δ PG, i。
4. wind-powered electricity generation as claimed in claim 1 participates in real-time control method, it is characterised in that：The wind power plant operation basic point is repaiied
Just carry out in such a way：
ΔPW=(MW(t0+Δt)-MW(t0))/aW
In formula：ΔPW, adjThe Δ P drawn for current iterationW, adjVariable quantity, MW(t0+ Δ t) is wind power plant marginal cost desired value,
For adjusting output of wind electric field desired value；KWSent for wind power plant to the marginal cost signal of control unit；aWRepresent that wind power plant is set
Put virtual power regulatory factor；ΔPWBasic point adjustment amount is run for wind power plant corresponding to current iteration；
The Δ PWAsk for carrying out according to below equation：
In formula：PW, ref(t0) it is wind power plant active power output planned value corresponding to current control time, value is protected in an iterative process
Hold constant.
5. wind-powered electricity generation as claimed in claim 1 participates in real-time control method, it is characterised in that：The amendment of the system power vacancy
Carry out in such a way：
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| CN112072673A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-11 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司玉环电厂 | Power plant power generation side load response method and system thereof |
| CN114513017A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-17 | 山东大学 | Distributed tracking method and system for power distribution network instructions of alternating current-direct current micro-grid |
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