CN107509219B - ZigBee data encapsulation analysis method based on reported data characteristics - Google Patents
ZigBee data encapsulation analysis method based on reported data characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- CN107509219B CN107509219B CN201710751500.2A CN201710751500A CN107509219B CN 107509219 B CN107509219 B CN 107509219B CN 201710751500 A CN201710751500 A CN 201710751500A CN 107509219 B CN107509219 B CN 107509219B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
- H04W28/065—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information using assembly or disassembly of packets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wireless sensor network technology, discloses a ZigBee data encapsulation and analysis method based on reported data characteristics, and solves the problems that APS frame data encapsulation is carried out on all data by the traditional ZigBee data encapsulation and analysis technology, a large amount of redundant information occurs, and the energy of a terminal node battery is wasted when the redundant information is sent. The scheme of the invention can be summarized as follows: packaging application frame data, and storing the data type packaged at this time in the package; before APS data frame data encapsulation is started, analyzing the type of application frame data, if the APS data frame data is in a continuous reporting state, directly encapsulating NWK frame data without encapsulating the APS frame data, and keeping the serial number of the NWK frame unchanged in the NWK frame data encapsulation; when the NWK frame data is analyzed, if the NWK frame serial number is not changed, the NWK frame load is directly sent to an application layer for analyzing the application frame.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wireless sensor network technology, in particular to a ZigBee data encapsulation and analysis method based on reported data characteristics.
Background
In recent 20 years, with the vigorous development of the technology and application of the internet of things, the importance of a Wireless Sensor network (WSN for short) as a sensing layer of the internet of things is increasingly prominent, and the Wireless Sensor network is receiving attention internationally. The Massachusetts institute of technology review assesses the sensor network as the first of ten emerging technologies that profoundly affect the human 21 st century life; the authoritative experts in China also put forward the concept of 'in the world of things, perception is advanced'. The wireless sensor network can acquire objective information such as physical quantity, chemical quantity, biomass and the like, is widely applied to the fields of national defense and military, industrial control, agricultural production, city management, biomedical treatment, environmental detection and the like, and has large application market capacity and wide prospect.
In the application of a wireless sensor network, wireless sensor terminal nodes are often scattered in the field, an ad hoc network is formed among the nodes, and the mode that the nodes select continuous power supply or frequently change batteries is unrealistic; even in the application of smart homes, under the condition that the wireless sensor network terminal nodes are basically deployed indoors, continuous power supply or frequent battery replacement is not practical due to the fact that the nodes are numerous and the deployment positions are different. Therefore, for the wireless sensor terminal node powered by the battery, the low power consumption technology is one of the key technologies.
The current consumption is generally 30-50 mA when the wireless sensor terminal node is in a data transmission state, and the current consumption can be controlled within 10uA only by closing the radio frequency module to maintain the detection function of the sensor terminal, wherein the former is thousands of times of the latter. Therefore, the wireless sensor terminal node adopts a dormancy mechanism: most of the time, the wireless sensor terminal node is in a dormant state, namely the radio frequency module is turned off and the sensor detection circuit is on duty; the radio frequency module is awakened (i.e. turned on) only when a state change is sensed or a sleep time is set. And after the radio frequency module is awakened, the state information of the wireless sensor terminal node is sent to the coordinator or the router, and then the wireless sensor terminal node immediately enters the dormant state again. Therefore, the size of the data packet to be sent by the wireless sensor terminal node directly determines the single sending time and the single sending power consumption.
In the existing ZigBee data encapsulation and analysis technology, the characteristics of information reported by a wireless sensor terminal node are not concerned, APS frame data encapsulation is carried out on all reported data, and the encapsulation and analysis flow is shown in figure 1; in practical application, the sensor only reports the state information of the sensor when the sensor works normally, and the data are completely the same except the APS counter in the APS frame data encapsulation, so that a large amount of redundancy occurs. The transmission of such redundant information consumes battery power of the wireless sensor terminal node.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the ZigBee data encapsulation and analysis method based on the reported data characteristics is provided, and the problems that APS frame data encapsulation is carried out on all data by the traditional ZigBee data encapsulation and analysis technology, a large amount of redundant information occurs, and the energy of a terminal node battery is wasted when the redundant information is sent are solved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a ZigBee data encapsulation analysis method based on reported data characteristics comprises the following steps:
a. the packaging processing flow of the wireless sensor terminal node for sending data comprises the steps of a1-a 2:
a1. firstly, packaging application frame data, and storing the data type of the package in the package;
a2. before APS data frame data encapsulation is started, analyzing the type of application frame data, if the judgment result is that the sensor state is continuously reported according to the type of the application frame data, directly encapsulating NWK frame data without encapsulating the APS frame data, and keeping the serial number of the NWK frame unchanged in the NWK frame data encapsulation; if the sensor state is not continuously reported, performing APS data frame encapsulation;
the resolving process flow of the ZigBee coordinator to the received data comprises the following steps b1-b 2:
b1. after PHY frame analysis and MAC frame analysis are carried out on the received data, the received data are submitted to an NWK layer for NWK frame data analysis;
b2. when analyzing NWK frame data, firstly analyzing whether the NWK frame serial number is changed or not, if the NWK frame serial number is not changed, directly sending the NWK frame load to an application layer for analyzing an application frame; and if the serial number of the NWK frame is changed, the load data of the NWK frame is transmitted to an APS layer to analyze APS frame data, and then the load data of the NWK frame is transmitted to an application layer to analyze the application frame.
As a further optimization, in step a1, the storing the data type of the current package specifically includes:
and if the data type is reported as the terminal node state, taking the byte value of the 'data/command type' in the application frame as 0x00, and if the data type is in other situations, taking the byte value of the 'data/command type' in the application frame as not 0x 00.
As a further optimization, in step a2, the determining that the sensor status is continuously reported according to the type of the application frame data specifically includes:
judging whether the current data type is the terminal node state report according to the byte value of the 'data/command type' in the application frame, if so, inquiring whether the last application frame data type is the terminal node state report, and if so, judging the application frame data type to be the 'continuous report sensor state'.
As a further optimization, in step a2, if the sensor state is not continuously reported, the application frame data packet is sent to the APS layer for APS frame data encapsulation, the APS frame data packet is sent to the NWK layer for NWK frame data encapsulation after the APS frame encapsulation is completed, and 1 is added to the serial number of the NWK frame in the NWK frame data encapsulation; if the sensor state is continuously reported, the serial number of the NWK frame is not changed when the NWK frame data is directly encapsulated;
and the data which is packaged in the NWK layer is sent to the MAC layer for packaging, and finally sent out after being packaged in the PHY layer.
As a further optimization, in step b2, when performing NWK frame data analysis, analyzing whether the sequence number of the NWK frame changes, specifically including:
the ZigBee coordinator determines which node reports data through the network address, and then takes the NWK serial number from the data packet to compare with the received NWK serial number of the last frame data packet of the node, so as to judge whether the data changes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the type of the application frame data is the continuous reporting sensor state, APS frame data encapsulation is not carried out, so that the redundant information of APS frame headers in the wireless sensor terminal nodes is eliminated on the basis of not changing effective data (application frame data) transmission, the length of a data packet sent by the wireless sensor terminal nodes is shortened, the single radio frequency working time of the wireless sensor terminal nodes is shortened, the average working current of the terminal nodes is reduced, and the service life of a terminal node battery is prolonged.
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FIG. 1 is a prior art data encapsulation parsing process;
FIG. 2 is a data encapsulation parsing flow in the present invention;
fig. 3 is an application block diagram of the embodiment, wherein the wireless door sensor, the water immersion sensor, the smoke sensor, the infrared sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor are powered by a battery, and the gas sensor, the socket and the gateway (with a built-in ZigBee coordinator) are powered by 220V alternating current.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a ZigBee data encapsulation and analysis method based on the characteristics of reported data, and solves the problems that APS frame data encapsulation is carried out on all data by the traditional ZigBee data encapsulation and analysis technology, a large amount of redundant information occurs, and the energy of a terminal node battery is wasted when the redundant information is sent.
As shown in fig. 2, the ZigBee data encapsulation and analysis method based on the characteristics of the reported data in the present invention includes the following steps:
1. storing the data type of the current encapsulation in the application frame data encapsulation of the ZigBee wireless sensor terminal node;
in specific implementation, if the data type is the terminal node state report, the value of the "data/command type" byte in the application frame is 0x00, and if the data type is other situations, the value of the "data/command type" byte in the application frame is not 0x 00.
2. Analyzing the data type reported by the wireless sensor terminal node at this time, and if the data type is not reported by the sensor terminal node, sending an application frame data packet to an APS layer for APS frame data encapsulation; and if the node state is reported by the sensor terminal, inquiring whether the type of the application frame data on the node is reported by the sensor terminal node state.
3. If the type of the application frame data on the node is the state report of the sensor terminal node, directly sending the application frame data packet to an NWK layer for NWK frame data encapsulation; and if the type of the application frame data on the node is not the state report of the sensor terminal node, sending the application frame data packet to an APS layer for APS frame data encapsulation.
Determining the encapsulation rule of NWK frame data according to the 2 nd and 3 rd analysis results without changing the encapsulation rule of APS frame data: if the terminal node state is continuously reported, the NWK frame serial number is not changed in the NWK frame data encapsulation; and if the terminal node state is not continuously reported, adding 1 to the NWK frame serial number in the NWK frame data encapsulation.
And 5, the frame data encapsulation and analysis methods of the ZigBee wireless sensor terminal node and the MAC layer and the PHY layer of the coordinator are unchanged.
In the ZigBee coordinator, in the NWK data frame analysis, when the serial number of the received NWK data frame reported by the same wireless sensor terminal node is increased by 1 than the serial number of the previous frame of the node, the load data of the NWK frame is sent to an APS layer to carry out APS frame data analysis; and if the ZigBee coordinator finds that the serial number of the NWK frame in the data packet reported by the terminal node is the same as the serial number of the NWK frame on the node, directly sending the load data of the NWK frame to an application layer for analyzing the application frame.
Example (b):
as shown in FIG. 3, the embodiment is an intelligent home perception layer data acquisition system based on the invention, the system is a set of wireless sensor network adopting ZigBee wireless transmission technology, and the system is composed of a ZigBee coordinator CO, a ZigBee router R1/R2/R3, and ZigBee terminal nodes E1/E2/E3/E4/E5/E6/E7/E8/E9/E10/E11/E12. The 16 ZigBee devices (1 coordinator, 3 routers, 12 end nodes) form an ad hoc multi-hop MESH network.
The ZigBee coordinator is contained in the intelligent home gateway, and performs data transmission with the gateway main chip through a UART serial port. The ZigBee coordinator is connected with other ZigBee devices (routers and terminals) through a ZigBee wireless technology. The intelligent home gateway equipment is powered by 220V mains supply, and the ZigBee coordinator has no dormancy mechanism.
The wireless sensor network of the embodiment has 3 ZigBee routers, wherein R1 and R2 are ZigBee sockets. R3 is a gas sensor, and all adopt 220V commercial power supply to have no dormancy mechanism. The ZigBee router is responsible for receiving data reported by the proximity sensor and sending the data to other ZigBee routers or directly sending the data to the ZigBee coordinator according to a routing mechanism. The ZigBee router R3 reports the state of the gas sensor according to the design requirement: the state change is reported immediately, and the state change is reported every 5 minutes.
In the wireless sensor network of this embodiment, there are 12 ZigBee wireless sensor terminal nodes, have included door magnetism, water logging, smog, infrared, humiture etc. wireless sensor terminal node. The terminal nodes are all powered by batteries, wherein the door sensor is powered by a button battery with 220mAH, and the other sensors are powered by dry batteries with 1400 mAH; the inner parts of the two sensors are respectively provided with a sensor state and a battery voltage detection circuit; according to a specific networking rule, the wireless sensor network is added by adopting a ZigBee wireless technology through a ZigBee router R1/R2/R3 or directly connected with a coordinator CO. A radio frequency sleep mode is adopted, the sleep time is 5 minutes, a radio frequency module is awakened every 5 minutes to send the state information of the wireless sensor terminal node, and the wireless sensor terminal node enters the sleep state after the state information is sent; and if the state of the wireless sensor terminal node is changed, immediately waking up the radio frequency module to send state data, and restarting the 5-minute dormancy timing after the state data is sent.
The working process and steps of the wireless sensor network system described in this embodiment are as follows:
wireless sensor network establishment: the intelligent home gateway is powered on to initialize all functional unit circuits, and comprises a ZigBee coordinator CO, after the ZigBee coordinator CO is powered on, the intelligent home gateway automatically scans channels to establish a ZigBee network and allows other ZigBee devices (routers and terminal nodes) to join the ZigBee network. After 3 routers and 12 terminal nodes of the system join the wireless sensor network, the information of the respective devices is reported, and only the state information of the wireless sensor terminal nodes is reported subsequently as long as the network state is unchanged.
As shown in fig. 2, a data encapsulation processing flow for 12 wireless sensor terminal nodes sending data is to encapsulate application frame data, and a data type of this encapsulation needs to be stored in the encapsulation, where the data type is an application frame "data/command type" byte value 0x00 when the data type is "wireless sensor terminal node state reporting", and the value is other than 0x00 in other cases.
Then, before APS data frame data encapsulation, analyzing the type of the application frame data, if the APS data frame data encapsulation is not performed by the state report of the sensor terminal node, sending the application frame data packet to an APS layer for APS frame data encapsulation; and if the node state of the sensor terminal is reported, inquiring whether the last application frame data type is reported by the node state of the sensor terminal. If the previous application frame data type is reported by the sensor terminal node state, the application frame data packet is directly sent to an NWK layer for NWK frame data encapsulation; and if the previous application frame data type is not the sensor terminal node state report, sending the application frame data packet to an APS layer for APS frame data encapsulation.
Determining an NWK frame data encapsulation rule in the sensor terminal node according to the analysis result: if the terminal node state is continuously reported, the NWK frame serial number is not changed in the NWK frame data encapsulation; and if the terminal node state is not continuously reported, adding 1 to the NWK frame serial number in the NWK frame data encapsulation. And finally, transmitting the data to an MAC layer and a PHY layer for packaging until the data is transmitted.
After receiving the data packet, the ZigBee coordinator CO first determines which node is the data reported by the node through the network address, and then takes out the NWK serial number from the data packet to compare with the received NWK serial number of the previous frame data packet of the node. When the NWK frame serial number of the new data packet is 1 more than the NWK serial number of the previous frame data packet on the node, the APS layer of the load data sending APS of the NWK frame is used for APS frame data analysis; and if the NWK frame sequence number of the new data packet is the same as the NWK frame sequence number of the previous frame data packet of the node, directly sending the NWK frame load data to the application layer for analyzing the application frame data.
Thereby eliminating the APS frame header redundancy information in the wireless sensor terminal nodes without changing the transmission of the valid data (application frame data). According to the actual measurement result of the embodiment, the average power consumption of the wireless sensor terminal node is reduced by about 5% after the method is adopted, and the service life of the battery is prolonged by 5%. By adopting the invention, the effect of reducing the power consumption depends on the sleep cycle, and the effect of reducing the power consumption is more obvious when the sleep cycle is shorter.
Claims (3)
1. A ZigBee data encapsulation analysis method based on reported data characteristics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. the packaging processing flow of the wireless sensor terminal node for sending data comprises the steps of a1-a 2:
a1. firstly, packaging application frame data, and storing the data type of the package in the package;
a2. analyzing the application frame data type before entering APS data frame data encapsulation: if the node state is not reported by the sensor terminal node, the application frame data packet is sent to an APS layer for APS frame data encapsulation; if the node state of the sensor terminal is reported, inquiring whether the last application frame data type is reported as the node state of the sensor terminal, and if the last application frame data type is reported as the node state of the sensor terminal, directly sending the application frame data packet to an NWK layer for carrying out NWK frame data encapsulation; if the previous application frame data type is not the sensor terminal node state report, the application frame data packet is sent to an APS layer for APS frame data encapsulation; determining an NWK frame data encapsulation rule in the sensor terminal node according to the analysis result: if the terminal node state is continuously reported, the NWK frame serial number is not changed in the NWK frame data encapsulation; if the terminal node state is not continuously reported, adding 1 to the serial number of the NWK frame in the NWK frame data encapsulation;
analyzing and processing the received data by the ZigBee coordinator: after receiving a data packet, the ZigBee coordinator firstly determines which node reports data through a network address, then takes out the NWK serial number from the data packet and compares the NWK serial number with the received NWK serial number of the previous frame data packet of the node, and when the NWK serial number of a new data packet is increased by 1 than the NWK serial number of the previous frame data packet of the node, an APS layer sends load data of the NWK frame to carry out APS frame data analysis; and if the NWK frame sequence number of the new data packet is the same as the NWK frame sequence number of the previous frame data packet of the node, directly sending the NWK frame load data to the application layer for analyzing the application frame data.
2. The ZigBee data encapsulation and analysis method according to claim 1, wherein in step a1, the storing of the data type of the current encapsulation specifically includes:
and if the data type is reported as the terminal node state, taking the byte value of the 'data/command type' in the application frame as 0x00, and if the data type is in other situations, taking the byte value of the 'data/command type' in the application frame as not 0x 00.
3. The ZigBee data encapsulation and analysis method according to claim 1, wherein in step a2, the determining that the result is continuously reported to the sensor state according to the type of the application frame data specifically includes:
judging whether the current data type is the terminal node state report according to the byte value of the 'data/command type' in the application frame, if so, inquiring whether the last application frame data type is the terminal node state report, and if so, judging the application frame data type to be the 'continuous report sensor state'.
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