CN107494603B

CN107494603B - Natural plant growth regulator and preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN107494603B
Application number: CN201710684096.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田丽萍; 文佳颖; 薛琳; 李守明; 张晓倩; 马乐平; 马文玉
Original assignee: Shihezi University
Current assignee: Shihezi University
Priority date: 2017-08-11
Filing date: 2017-08-11
Publication date: 2020-08-25
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-11
Also published as: CN107494603A

Abstract

The invention discloses a natural plant growth regulator and a preparation method and application thereof. The natural plant growth regulator comprises a natural plant growth regulator A and a natural plant growth regulator B which are extracted from pulp and peel of a watermelon. The natural plant growth regulator is used in a radish hypocotyl test, and can obviously improve the weight of radish cotyledons, the diameter of the hypocotyl and the length of the hypocotyl; spraying natural plant growth regulator in wheat production has obvious yield increasing effect on wheat, and the yield increasing rate of the natural plant growth regulator A and the yield increasing rate of the natural plant growth regulator B on wheat are respectively 17.28 percent and 19.90 percent; the spraying of the natural plant growth regulator in the rice production process has obvious yield increasing effect on rice, and the yield increasing rate of the natural plant growth regulator A and the yield increasing rate of the natural plant growth regulator B on rice are 14.71 percent and 16.27 percent respectively, which shows that the natural plant growth regulator of the invention has obvious promotion effect on plant growth, can be applied to agriculture for regulating plant growth, and has good application prospect.

Description

Natural plant growth regulator and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a natural plant growth regulator extracted from melon pulp and melon peel of a watermelon as raw materials, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in regulating plant growth/yield.

Background

The watermelon, also called seed watermelon, is a cultivated variety of common watermelon species of the genus Citrullus in the family Cucurbitaceae, is a temperature-favored and heat-resistant annual plant, has certain drought tolerance, barren tolerance and other characteristics, and is mainly distributed in Sinkiang, Jilin, inner Mongolia and Gansu. The watermelon contains rich nutrient substances such as protein, fat, vitamin B, D and the like, is mostly eaten in daily life, and is a delicious food generally loved by people. The watermelon has the effects of cooling and relieving summer heat, the watermelon peel and the watermelon pulp have the effects of clearing summer heat, clearing heat, quenching thirst and promoting urination, and the watermelon juice can be used for treating cold, red heat in urine and the like in summer, and is a top-quality product for relieving summer heat when being eaten in summer. In the medical industry, it can reduce plasma cholesterol, regulate blood sugar level, prevent obesity, and inhibit cancer cell diffusion or tumor formation. Has important economic development value.

Millions of tons of annual output of the watermelon are produced in China, but the watermelon is used for seed extraction, and the pulp and the peel which account for nearly 93 percent of the total mass are discarded, so that not only is the resource waste caused, but also the farmland environment is polluted. For example, the watermelon yield in the Changshi county is high, the quality is good, most of the watermelon is yellow pulp, the sugar content is low, the taste is good, the watermelon seeds are cool and palatable, the yield of the watermelon seeds in the county reaches over 1.5 million tons, but farmers only take the harvest of the watermelon seeds as a main part and throw away the peels, pulp and the like, so that the resources are seriously wasted.

With the improvement of living standard of people, the requirement of people on pesticide residue in agricultural products is higher and higher, people generally use various chemical fertilizers and pesticides in order to increase yield and prevent diseases and insect pests, the chemical fertilizers and the pesticides which are used traditionally are chemically synthesized, the chemical fertilizers and the pesticides can prevent and treat the diseases and the insect pests and have potential harm to human bodies, and the residual pesticides accumulate and stay in the human bodies for a long time to cause chronic poisoning so as to induce a plurality of chronic diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and the like. The harm of the residual pesticide to human bodies is the fact that the harm is not questionable at present, so that the search for high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue pollution-free fertilizers and pesticides is imperative.

Chinese herbal medicine resources are quite rich in China, researches show that secondary metabolites in the Chinese herbal medicines have certain plant regulating activity, and the Chinese herbal medicine preparation prepared by extracting effective substances from natural plants can have various regulating and controlling effects on plant growth, and has multiple effects of controlling growth, preventing freezing, resisting early and waterlogging, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, achieving high yield and the like. The Chinese herbal medicine preparation has the advantages of greenness, no pollution and environmental compatibility, and avoids the pollution and the residue of the chemically synthesized pesticide. In the long run, the Chinese herbal medicine preparation has wide development prospect in replacing chemical synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the natural plant growth regulator is extracted from pulp and peel of the watermelon as raw materials, the preparation method thereof and the application thereof in the regulation of plant growth/yield.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a natural plant growth regulator, which comprises a natural plant growth regulator a and a natural plant growth regulator B; wherein, the content of the trace elements in each gram of the natural plant growth regulator A is as follows: 6.185 mug iron, 4.097 mug manganese, 68.2 mug magnesium, 482 mug potassium, 64.2 mug sodium, 89.05 mug calcium, 5.081 mug zinc and 25 mug phosphorus;

the content of the trace elements in the natural plant growth regulator B per gram is as follows: iron 5.973 μ g, manganese 4.134 μ g, magnesium 54.8 μ g, potassium 537 μ g, sodium 63.5 μ g, calcium 92.60 μ g, zinc 5.151 μ g and phosphorus 24 μ g.

As a preferable technical scheme of the natural plant growth regulator, the moisture content of the natural plant growth regulator A and the natural plant growth regulator B is less than or equal to 5 percent.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the natural plant growth regulator, wherein the method for preparing the natural plant growth regulator a comprises the following steps:

(1) drying melon pulp and melon peel of a watermelon in the shade to prepare powder, adding 8-10 times of water, performing reflux extraction at 100 ℃ for 3 hours, and filtering to obtain filtrate; repeatedly extracting the filtrate for 2-4 times, and combining the filtrates;

(2) carrying out reduced pressure concentration on the combined filtrate obtained in the step (1) to obtain a crude extract, wherein the pressure of the reduced pressure concentration is 7-10 ka, and the temperature is 50-60 ℃;

(3) dissolving the crude extract obtained in the step (2) into a suspension state by using water, adding petroleum ether with a volume ratio of 1: 1-3, extracting, and removing lipophilic impurities to obtain an extract;

(4) adding ethyl acetate with the volume ratio of 1: 1-3 into the extract obtained in the step (3) to perform extraction for 3-5 times, combining ethyl acetate extraction liquid, and performing reduced pressure concentration to obtain an ethyl acetate extract;

(5) and (4) adding water into the ethyl acetate extract obtained in the step (4) for dissolving, and drying to obtain powder which is the natural plant growth regulator A.

As a preferable technical solution of the preparation method of the natural plant growth regulator a of the present invention, in the step (5), the drying is spray drying under the conditions of: the air inlet temperature is 170-190 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the air inlet pressure is 40 MPa. The invention selects spray drying, which can disperse and dry the active small molecular compound into uniform particles.

The preparation method of the natural plant growth regulator B comprises the following steps:

(1) drying melon pulp and melon peel of a watermelon in the shade, preparing the dried melon pulp and melon peel into powder, adding 8-10 times of 70% ethanol, performing reflux extraction at 80 ℃ for 3 hours, and filtering to obtain filtrate; repeatedly extracting the filtrate for 2-4 times, and combining the filtrates;

(5) and (4) adding water into the ethyl acetate extract obtained in the step (4) for dissolving, and drying to obtain powder which is the natural plant growth regulator B.

As a preferable technical solution of the method for preparing the natural plant growth regulator B of the present invention, in the step (5), the drying is freeze-drying under the conditions of: the pre-freezing temperature is-20 to-50 ℃, the pre-freezing time is 15 to 30 hours, heat supply is carried out under the reduced pressure of 4 to 107Pa, and the temperature of the natural plant growth regulator B obtained after the freeze drying is below 30 ℃. The invention adopts freeze drying, and has the advantages of no damage to the structure of active micromolecules and protection of the bioactivity of the active micromolecules.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides the use of the above natural plant growth regulator for promoting plant growth and/or increasing yield.

When the natural plant growth regulator is used for promoting the growth and/or increasing the yield of plants, the use method of the natural plant growth regulator is as follows: diluting the natural plant growth regulator A by 1: 300-500 times of water, and then spraying the diluted natural plant growth regulator A on plants;

or

And diluting the natural plant growth regulator B by 1: 500-1000 times of water, and then spraying the diluted natural plant growth regulator B on plants.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) the natural plant growth regulator is prepared by extracting the pulp and the peel of the pure natural plant watermelon as raw materials, does not contain chemically synthesized substances, and has the advantages of no toxic or side effect, stable property, safety, reliability, no pesticide residue and the like;

(2) the natural plant growth regulator has high content of effective components, simple and easy preparation method, low production cost, stable quality and easy control;

(3) the natural plant growth regulator is used in a radish hypocotyl test, and can obviously improve the weight of radish cotyledons, the diameter of the hypocotyl and the length of the hypocotyl; spraying natural plant growth regulator in wheat production has obvious yield increasing effect on wheat, and the yield increasing rate of the natural plant growth regulator A and the yield increasing rate of the natural plant growth regulator B on wheat are respectively 17.28 percent and 19.90 percent; the spraying of the natural plant growth regulator in the rice production process has obvious yield increasing effect on rice, and the yield increasing rate of the natural plant growth regulator A and the yield increasing rate of the natural plant growth regulator B on rice are 14.71 percent and 16.27 percent respectively, which shows that the natural plant growth regulator of the invention has obvious promotion effect on plant growth, can be applied to agriculture for regulating plant growth, and has good application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of different concentrations of natural plant growth regulator B on the weight of radish cotyledons.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of different concentrations of natural plant growth regulator B on the diameter of radish hypocotyls.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of different concentrations of natural plant growth regulator B on the hypocotyl length of radish.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on the plant height of wheat.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on the spike length of wheat.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on the number of wheatear per mu.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on the grain weight of a single ear of wheat.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on the number of grains per plant of wheat.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on the thousand-kernel weight of wheat.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on wheat yield.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on rice plant height.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on the panicle length of rice.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on the number of tillers of rice.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on the effective ear number of rice.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on the total number of grains per ear of rice.

FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on the number of rice panicles and the blight rate.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on the thousand-kernel weight of rice.

FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing the effect of the natural plant growth regulator of the present invention on rice yield.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous technical effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are only for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and the parameters, proportions and the like of the embodiments may be suitably selected without materially affecting the results.

Example 1

Preparing a natural plant growth regulator A:

1) drying pulp and peel of seed watermelon in shade, processing into powder, adding 9 times of water, reflux-extracting at 100 deg.C for 3 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate; extracting repeatedly for 3 times, collecting extractive solution, and mixing filtrates.

2) Concentrating the combined filtrate under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator to obtain crude extract, wherein the pressure of the reduced pressure concentration is 8kPa, and the temperature is 55 ℃.

3) Dissolving the crude extract with water to obtain suspension, adding petroleum ether at a volume ratio of 1:2, extracting, and removing lipophilic impurities to obtain extract.

4) And adding ethyl acetate with the volume ratio of 1:2 into the extract for extraction, extracting for 4 times, combining ethyl acetate extract liquor, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain an ethyl acetate extract.

5) Adding appropriate amount of water into the ethyl acetate extract for dissolving, and spray-drying in spray-drying tower to obtain fructus Pachyrhizi Erosi extract powder. The process conditions of spray drying are as follows: the air inlet temperature is 180 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 85 ℃, and the air inlet pressure is 40 Mpa. The water content of the obtained natural plant growth regulator A powder is less than or equal to 5 percent.

Example 2

Preparing a natural plant growth regulator B:

1) drying pulp and peel of seed watermelon in shade, processing into powder, adding 9 times of 70% ethanol, reflux-extracting at 80 deg.C for 3 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate; extracting repeatedly for 3 times, collecting extractive solution, and mixing filtrates.

5) Adding appropriate amount of water into the ethyl acetate extract for dissolving, and freeze drying to obtain fructus Pachyrhizi Erosi extract powder. The freeze drying process conditions are as follows: pre-freezing at-35 deg.C for 20 hr, and supplying heat under reduced pressure of 50Pa to make the product temperature below 30 deg.C. The water content of the obtained natural plant growth regulator B powder is less than or equal to 5 percent.

Example 3 analysis of trace elements of Natural plant growth regulators

The trace element analysis of the natural plant growth regulator a and the natural plant growth regulator B obtained in examples 1 and 2 was performed by the national standard method. Iron: measuring according to the method of GB 5009.90 determination of iron in food safety national standard food; magnesium: measuring according to the method of GB 5009.241 determination of magnesium in national standard food for food safety; manganese: measuring according to the method of GB5009.242 measuring manganese in national standard food for food safety; copper: measuring according to the method of GB 5009.13 'determination of copper in national standard food for food safety'; potassium, sodium: measuring according to the method of GB 5009.91 determination of potassium and sodium in national standard food for food safety; calcium: measuring according to the method of GB 5009.92 determination of calcium in national food Standard for food safety; zinc: GB 5009.14 method determination of national standard food zinc for food safety; selenium: GB 5009.93 method determination of selenium in national standard food for food safety; phosphorus: GB 5009.87 method of determination of phosphorus in national food Standard for food safety.

The standard documents cited above, the latest versions of which are applicable to this patent.

The measured trace element composition is shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1

Example 4 Effect of Natural plant growth regulators on the growth of radish hypocotyls

1) Seed surface disinfection and seed soaking: soaking radish seed in 0.4% KMnO₄Sterilizing in the solution for 10min, washing with distilled water for 6-7 times, and soaking the washed seeds in distilled water for 12 hr.

2) Seed germination: the seeds were removed and the distilled water was poured off, the seeds were placed evenly in a rectangular plastic box (10 cm. times.20 cm) with cotton and double layers of moist gauze, and then the box was placed in an incubator (dark, 25 ℃) and incubated for 72 hours to germinate the seeds, keeping the gauze moist all the time.

3) Sample preparation: the natural plant growth regulator B prepared in example 2 was prepared in different 5 concentrations of 0.008, 0.004, 0.002, 0.001, 0.0005 g/mL.

4) Material treatment: when the seeds germinate to about 3cm of hypocotyls (48-72 hours), cutting off cotyledons of radish seedlings, and weighing ten seeds in one group; cutting the hypocotyl close to the cotyledon with a blade to 1.2 cm; the hypocotyl middle diameter is measured. The treated hypocotyls and cotyledons were placed in a petri dish containing 10mL of sample and the dish was closed. 10 of each material in each dish, 10 replicates of each treatment, and clear water as a negative control. The plates were placed in an incubator at 25 ℃ for 72h in the dark.

5) And (3) result statistics and data processing:

after the culture is finished, the length and the diameter of each embryonic axis in each culture dish are measured one by one, and after the surface moisture of cotyledons is sucked off, the total weight of the cotyledons in each culture dish is measured.

m 'and m' are the weight (g) of the cotyledon treated with clear water after and before culture, respectively; d 'and d' are the diameters (cm) of the hypocotyls treated by clear water after and before culture, respectively; l 'and l' are the length (cm) of the hypocotyl after and before the culture, respectively, by treatment with clear water.

m₁And m₂The weight (g) of cotyledon treated by the natural plant growth regulator B with different concentrations after and before culture; d₁And d₂Treating the hypocotyl diameter (cm) with a natural plant growth regulator B after culture and before culture, respectively; l₁And l₂The hypocotyl length (cm) is respectively treated by the natural plant growth regulator B with different concentrations after culture and before culture.

6) Results and analysis:

and respectively drawing corresponding histograms by taking the natural plant growth regulator B with different concentrations and clear water Control (CK) as abscissa and the weight growth rate of radish cotyledons, the diameter growth rate of hypocotyls and the length growth rate of the hypocotyls as ordinate, wherein the CK growth rate is 100% (see fig. 1-3).

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the weight growth rate of cotyledon treated by the natural plant growth regulator B with different concentrations is remarkably different from that of the clear water control, and the lowest two concentrations of 0.0005 and 0.001g/mL have no obvious increase effect on the weight of radish cotyledon; when the concentration is 0.002g/mL, the effect of promoting the growth of the cotyledon is obviously different from that of a clear water control, and the weight increase rate of the cotyledon is 118 percent; when the concentration is 0.004 and 0.008g/mL, the effect of promoting the growth of cotyledons is more remarkable, and the weight growth rate of the cotyledons is 126 percent and 131 percent respectively.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the hypocotyl diameter growth rate of the treatment with the natural plant growth regulator B of different concentrations showed a high concentration inhibition effect compared to the clear water control. When the concentration is 0.002g/mL, the effect of promoting the diameter of the hypocotyl to increase reaches the maximum value, and the increase rate is 136%; but the promoting effect on the diameter increase of the hypocotyl is reduced along with the increase of the concentration, and the effect is almost equal to that of clear water when the concentration is 0.008 g/mL.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the growth rate of hypocotyl length treated by the natural plant growth regulator B with different concentrations is significantly different from that of the clear water control, and the lowest two concentrations of 0.0005 and 0.001g/mL have no obvious increase effect on the hypocotyl length of radish; when the concentration is 0.002g/mL, the effect of promoting the growth of the hypocotyl length is obviously different from that of gibberellin phase compared with clear water, and the growth rate of the hypocotyl length is 117%; when the concentration is 0.004 and 0.008g/mL, the effect of promoting the growth of the hypocotyl length is more obvious, and the growth rate of the hypocotyl length is 128 percent and 133 percent respectively.

According to the results of this example, the natural plant growth regulator B of the present invention has a significant effect of promoting plant growth, and the optimum concentration of the natural plant growth regulator B is 0.002g/mL, i.e., the plant growth regulator B powder is diluted 500 times.

Example 5 Effect of Natural plant growth regulators on wheat yield and composition

1) Summary of the test: the test field is arranged in Zhongning wheat test field of Ningxia academy of agricultural sciences, the total area is 5 mu, and the test field area is 405m²And the field management of the test field is conventional management.

2) Grouping design: this experiment was performed in 3 treatments, 3 replicates. Treatment 1: the natural plant growth regulator A prepared in the example 1 is used, 100 g/mu is used, and the natural plant growth regulator A is diluted by 400 times; and (3) treatment 2: the natural plant growth regulator B prepared in the example 2 is used, 100 g/mu is used, and the natural plant growth regulator B is diluted by 400 times; and (3) treatment: and (4) clear water.

3) Cell division: dividing each processing cell according to the requirement of grouping design, setting 3 repeated random block arrangement, each cell area being 45m²The test site was surrounded by 1m guard rows.

4) The administration period is as follows: the application is carried out for 2 times in the wheat turning green and jointing stage.

5) And (4) counting results: and (5-10 days after wheat blossoms, randomly selecting 25 single stems in each cell, and measuring the plant height, the stem thickness, the ear length and the like indoors. Before harvesting, taking 1m sample sections in each cell, pulling back the sample sections with roots, cutting the roots, counting ears, bagging, airing, weighing the dry weight (biological yield of the sample sections), and calculating the biological yield in unit area; weighing seed weight after threshing the sample, and calculating the number of ears per hectare and the number of grains per ear. Thousand kernel weight is obtained by sampling and weighing grains in a cell.

6) Results and analysis:

compared with treatment 3 without using a growth regulator, the treatment 1 and the treatment 2 with the natural plant production regulator increase the ear number per mu, the grain weight per plant, the grain number per plant per ear, the thousand grain weight and the yield; whereas the use of the natural plant production regulator resulted in a slight increase in wheat plant height and ear length without significant difference from the control. As can be seen from the comprehensive analysis of FIGS. 4-10, the natural plant growth regulators A and B of the invention significantly increase the wheat yield and can be used as natural plant production regulators in agriculture.

Compared with clear water Control (CK), the wheat plants sprayed with the natural plant growth regulators (treatments 1 and 2) had heights 0.3cm and 0.1cm higher than CK respectively (see fig. 4); the spike length is 0.09 cm and 0.11cm longer than CK respectively (see FIG. 5). The natural plant growth regulators A and B have the effects of improving the growth height of plants and increasing the ear length, and the natural plant growth regulators have the effect of promoting the growth of wheat.

The number of ears per mu of wheat sprayed with the natural plant growth regulators A and B is 1.7 and 2.0 ten thousand ears per mu (see figure 6) more than that of the wheat sprayed with the clear water control; the ear grain weight of the wheat single plant is 0.16 g and 0.18g more than that of CK (see figure 7); the number of grains per spike of wheat is 0.3 and 0.7 more than CK (please see FIG. 8); the thousand kernel weight of the natural plant growth regulator a and B treated wheat was 48.58 and 49.64, respectively, while the thousand kernel weight of the clear water control treated wheat was 42.87. The heaviest thousand kernel weight of wheat was treated with natural plant growth regulator B, followed by natural plant growth regulator A, which were increased by 15.79% and 13.32% respectively over CK (see FIG. 9). The number of ears per mu, the grain weight of ears per plant, the number of grains per ear and the thousand grain weight of the wheat treated by the natural plant growth regulator are obviously increased compared with CK, which shows that the natural plant growth regulator has the effect of improving the yield of the wheat.

As can be seen from FIG. 10, the highest yield of wheat was obtained by spraying natural plant growth regulator B at 458kg/667m²The yield is increased by 76kg/667m compared with CK²The yield is increased by 19.90%; spraying natural plant growth regulator A of 448kg/667m²The yield is increased by 66kg/667m compared with CK²The yield increase was 17.28%. From the view of the yield increasing effect, the yield increasing effect of the wheat is obvious by spraying the natural plant growth regulator in the wheat production, wherein the effect of the natural plant growth regulator B is more prominent, so that the embodiment proves that the natural plant growth regulator sprayed in the embodiments 1 and 2 has an obvious effect of promoting the plant growth, and can be applied to agriculture as the natural plant production regulator.

Example 6 Effect of Natural plant growth regulators on Rice growth

1) Summary of the test: the test field is arranged at Yinchuan rice test base of Ningxia academy of agricultural sciences, the total area is 3 mu, and the area of the test field is 180m²And the field management of the test field is conventional management.

3) Cell division: dividing each processing cell according to the requirement of grouping design, setting 3 repeated random block arrangement, each cell area is 20m²The test site was surrounded by 1m guard rows.

4) The administration period is as follows: the medicines are respectively applied once in the rice green turning stage, the jointing stage and the tillering stage, and the application is carried out for 2 times in total.

5) Results and analysis:

compared with the treatment 1 without using a growth regulator, the treatment 2 and the treatment 3 have the advantages that the effective spike number, the total spike number, the thousand kernel weight and the yield of the rice using the natural plant production regulator are obviously increased; the natural plant production regulator reduces the blighted grain number and the blighted rate of the rice ears, slightly increases the plant height, the ear length and the tiller number of the rice and has no obvious difference with the control. As can be seen from the comprehensive analysis of FIGS. 11-18, the yield of rice is significantly increased by the natural plant growth regulators A and B.

Compared with clear water Control (CK), the sprayed natural plant growth regulators (treatments 1 and 2) have deep and thick leaves, and the heights of rice plants using the natural plant growth regulators a and B are 0.1cm and 0.3cm higher than CK, respectively (see fig. 11); the ear length is 0.1cm and 0.3cm longer than CK respectively (please see FIG. 12); the tillering number is 0.1 and 0.2 more than CK respectively (see figure 13). The natural plant growth regulators A and B have the effects of improving the growth height of plants, increasing the thickness of leaves and increasing the length of spikes. The tillering capacity of the rice is an important agronomic shape, the strength of the tillering capacity is directly related to the number and the quality of effective spikes, so that the yield of the rice is influenced, the tillering capacity of the rice is improved by using the natural plant growth regulator, and the natural plant growth regulator has an effect of improving the yield of the rice.

Grain number per ear of rice: the effective spike numbers of the sprayed natural plant growth regulators A and B are 24 to 27 per meter more than those of the sprayed natural plant growth regulators A and B in a clear water control²(see fig. 14); the total number of grains per ear was 4 and 5 more than CK per ear (see fig. 15); the natural plant growth regulators a and B treated the blighted rate of 6.72% and 6.32%, respectively, while the clear water control treated the blighted rate of 7.62%. The least of which was treated with natural plant growth regulator B and then with natural plant growth regulator A, which were 1.30% and 0.90% less than CK, respectively (see FIG. 16). The effective spike number and the total spike number of the rice treated by the natural plant growth regulator are obviously increased by CK, and the blight rate is obviously reduced compared with CK, which shows that the natural plant growth regulator has the effect of improving the yield of the rice.

Thousand seed weight of rice: as can be seen from FIG. 17, spraying of the natural plant growth regulator can significantly increase the thousand kernel weight of rice. The thousand grain weight of the sprayed natural plant growth regulator A is 25.9g, which is 1.7g higher than CK; the thousand grain weight of the sprayed natural plant growth regulator B is 26.3g, which is 2.1g higher than CK. The natural plant growth regulator is shown to have the effect of improving the yield of rice.

The rice yield is as follows: as can be seen from FIG. 18, the rice yield was the highest when the natural plant growth regulator B was sprayed, which was 593kg/667m²The yield is increased by 83kg/667m compared with CK²The yield increase rate is 16.27%; spraying a natural plant growth regulator A of 585kg/667m²The yield is increased by 75kg/667m compared with CK²The yield increase is 14.71%. From the effect of increasing the yield, the effect of increasing the yield of rice is remarkable by spraying the natural plant growth regulator in rice production, wherein the effect of the natural plant growth regulator B is more prominent, so the embodiment proves that the natural plant growth regulator prepared by spraying the natural plant growth regulators prepared in the embodiments 1 and 2 has an obvious effect of promoting the growth of plants and can be applied to agriculture as the natural plant production regulator.

Appropriate changes and modifications to the embodiments described above will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure and teachings of the foregoing description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a natural plant growth regulator A is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(2) carrying out reduced pressure concentration on the combined filtrate obtained in the step (1) to obtain a crude extract, wherein the pressure of the reduced pressure concentration is 7-10 kpa, and the temperature is 50-60 ℃;

2. The method for preparing a natural plant growth regulator a according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the drying is spray drying, provided that: the air inlet temperature is 170-190 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the air inlet pressure is 40 MPa.

3. A preparation method of a natural plant growth regulator B is characterized by comprising the following steps:

4. The method for preparing natural plant growth regulator B according to claim 3, wherein in the step (5), the drying is freeze-drying, provided that: pre-freezing at-20 to-50 ℃ for 15 to 30 hours, supplying heat under the reduced pressure of 4 to 107Pa, and performing freeze drying to obtain the natural plant growth regulator B at the temperature of below 30 ℃.

5. A natural plant growth regulator comprising a natural plant growth regulator A obtained by the production method according to claim 1 or 2 or a natural plant growth regulator B obtained by the production method according to claim 3 or 4.

6. The natural plant growth regulator according to claim 5, wherein the water content of the natural plant growth regulator A and the natural plant growth regulator B is 5% or less.

7. The natural plant growth regulator according to claim 5, wherein the trace elements per gram of the natural plant growth regulator A are as follows: 6.185 mug iron, 4.097 mug manganese, 68.2 mug magnesium, 482 mug potassium, 64.2 mug sodium, 89.05 mug calcium, 5.081 mug zinc and 25 mug phosphorus;

8. Use of the natural plant growth regulator of claim 5 for promoting plant growth and/or yield increase.

9. The application of the natural plant growth regulator according to claim 8, wherein the natural plant growth regulator A is diluted by 1: 300-500 times of water and then sprayed on plants;

or