CN107454559A - Sleep scheduling carrys out the method for meet demand in a kind of chargeable sensor network - Google Patents
Sleep scheduling carrys out the method for meet demand in a kind of chargeable sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN107454559A CN107454559A CN201710669693.7A CN201710669693A CN107454559A CN 107454559 A CN107454559 A CN 107454559A CN 201710669693 A CN201710669693 A CN 201710669693A CN 107454559 A CN107454559 A CN 107454559A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
- H04W52/0248—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal dependent on the time of the day, e.g. according to expected transmission activity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
- H04W52/34—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses the method that sleep scheduling in a kind of chargeable sensor network carrys out meet demand, network includes wireless charging point and wireless sensor node, wireless sensor node of the random arrangement with activation or sleep in network area, network is divided into equal square net, grid vertex arrangement wireless charging point.Each wireless charging point obtains energy simultaneous transmission to the sensor node in the grid of place, and each sensor node can select to enter activation or sleep state according to energy situation, and activation node is collected and uploads data to base station.This pattern is due to the lasting supply of energy, regenerative resource such as solar energy, wind energy and geothermal energy can be converted into available energy and be used for autophage or storage in the battery, on the premise of the continuous throughput demand of user is met, consider that the service efficiency of network energy adheres to the theory of energy-conservation, the throughput demand that user changes can be met within the continuous cycle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that sleep scheduling in a kind of chargeable sensor network carrys out meet demand, belong to communication equipment
Sleep scheduling technical field.
Background technology
Industrial wireless sensor network (IWSNs) is based under the overall background of Internet of Things (IoT), is just gradually used in recent years
All trades and professions, because sensor node is cheap, profile is small, convenient arrangement, for those due to dangerous building and environment
Barrier shelter is too many and can not dispose for the complex environment of Conventional wireline sensor network, undoubtedly optimal choosing
Select.Communication network, the state of detection of complex environment are formed using wireless device self-organizing.The appearance of wireless sensor technology and hair
Exhibition causes mondial concern, therefore is referred to as one of 21st century most influential technology.
However, the energy deficiency of wireless sensor devices, which turns into, limits an important factor for its development is possible, wireless senser
Node is once disposed under complex environment, and because its own energy content of battery is limited, and the cost for changing battery is expensive
It is unpractical.Therefore, in order to ensure to meet sensor node normal work, the life cycle of prolonging wireless sensor network
It is increasingly becoming the research topic of current hot topic.
The it is proposed of wireless energy transfer (WET) technology is exactly to solve such problem, utilizes renewable resource, such as sun
Can cell panel, wind-power electricity generation etc., change into available resources and store, then by available energy be transferred to ambient intelligence equipment with
For using.And emerging wireless energy communication network (WPCN), can then it be used in downlink broadcasting wireless energy bag
TDMA returns to mixing intervention point in uplink transmission information.This method can distribute wireless power and letter by combined optimization
Energy transmission time is ceased, studies the maximization of network throughput.
The content of the invention
Purpose：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of chargeable sensor network
The method that middle sleep scheduling carrys out meet demand.
Technical scheme：In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
Sleep scheduling carrys out the method for meet demand in a kind of chargeable sensor network, it is characterised in that：Including step such as
Under：
Step 1：Netinit；
Step 2：Calculating network energy harvesting and handling capacity；
Step 3：Perform improved sleep scheduling algorithm；
Step 4：User is provided rationally to recommend.
The step 1 includes：Wireless charging electric layer and wireless sensor node layer；Wireless charging electric layer is divided into equal big
Small square net, wireless charging point are disposed in the summit of each grid, to the wireless sensor node in grid around
Transmit wireless energy；Wireless sensor node layer arranges some wireless sensor nodes at random, and wireless sensor node, which has, to swash
Living and two kinds of states of sleep；Wireless sensor node in grid receives the wireless charging point hair from four summits of place grid
The energy gone out.
The step 2 includes：The energy that wireless sensor node obtains in grid is wireless for four summits of place grid
Charge point is wirelessly transferred energy sum, and wireless charging point utilizes regenerative resource, available resources is converted into, for autophage
And the equipment for being transferred to surrounding；The node of activation can transmit the data being collected into by routing tree and be held to base station, all nodes
Row CSMA/CA strategies.
The energy harvesting formula is as follows：Wireless sensor node obtains and comes from four, place grid vertex wireless charging point
The energy sum Q sent, the energy Q from some summit that node obtainsi, i=1,2,3,4, calculation formula is as follows：
Qi=α × Pr=α × Pt×D-α×GA, wherein, α is energy conversion efficiency, PrFor the energy of wireless charging point transmitting
Power, PtThe energy work rate received for wireless sensor node, D are wireless sensor node apart from the distance of wireless charging point, GA
The binding signal intensity received for transmitting；
Therefore, the energy sum that some wireless sensor node obtains is Q, and formula is as follows：
Wherein Q1, Q2, Q3And Q4In the case of other specification identical, depending on node from each grid vertex away from
From.
The throughput equation is as follows：
Wherein, Ps represents the probability of node Successful transmissions packet, and St represents the handling capacity of network, and n is activated in network
Nodes, p is that probability of the packet from a website to another website is sent in slot, and λ is constraint fraction λ ＜ 1, C
It is the average number of continuous Free Slots.
The step 3 includes：In view of the equilibrium of energy in network and the changes in demand of handling capacity, and extend network
Life cycle, the wireless sensor node in network carries out sleep scheduling according to improved CKN algorithms, for those itself energy
Amount and acquisition energy sum are all not enough to support the node of current period work, can be directly entered sleep state；Remaining energy
Sufficient node, enter activation and sleep state according to CKN sleep rule selection；, it is necessary to update after the completion of a cycle
The state of all wireless sensor nodes is battery self-energy.
The step 4 obtains network in different shapes by changing the energy transmission time rate τ of the network and k of sleep scheduling
Handling capacity and capacity usage ratio under state；Formation independent variable is k, τ, n, T；Dependent variable is St, μ the results list, when user carries
When going out current handling capacity or capacity usage ratio demand, recommendation is provided according to obtained the results list.
In one cycle T, the energy transmission time rate and data message transmission time rate of network are respectively τ and (1-
τ), wireless sensor node capacity usage ratio μ computational methods are as follows：
Wherein, EuFor the energy effectively utilized in wireless sensor node a cycle,
EhFor the wireless energy obtained in wireless sensor node a cycle, PcEnergy expenditure work(when being worked for wireless sensor node
Rate, EsFor storage to the energy in wireless sensor node battery, Q is to obtain the gross energy sent from wireless charging point, and τ is
Energy transmission time rate, by calculating wireless sensor node capacity usage ratio μ maximums, obtain energy transmission time rate τ's
Optimal value.
Beneficial effect：Sleep scheduling carrys out the method for meet demand in a kind of chargeable sensor network provided by the invention,
Energy supply source using renewable resource as sensor node, effectively avoid node from frequently changing battery, increase network
Life cycle, sensor network is possessed long-time communication capacity.Propose the rechargeable wireless sensor network of a layering
Network model, more effectively using the renewable resource obtained, while application sleep scheduling algorithm ensures nodes energy
Balance.Meets the needs of user continuous for network throughput and change, by adjusting k and τ according to historical data to reach
Quantitative throughput demands, while focus on the utilization rate of higher energy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system flow chart of the inventive method；
Fig. 2 is the hierarchical mode inserting knot and energy datum flow diagram of network；
Fig. 3 is wireless charging point operating diagram；
Fig. 4 is a cycle T self-energys, data transmission period distribution schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is simulated experiment network state schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is simulated experiment result schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As Figure 1-4, sleep scheduling comes the method for meet demand, including following step in a kind of chargeable sensor network
Suddenly：
Step 1：Netinit：
Network includes：Wireless charging electric layer and wireless sensor node layer.Wireless charging electric layer is being divided into equal size just
Square net, wireless charging point are disposed in the summit of each grid, and nothing is transmitted to the wireless sensor node in grid around
Heat input.Wireless sensor node layer arranges some wireless sensor nodes at random, and wireless sensor node has activation and slept
Two kinds of states of dormancy.Wireless sensor node in grid receives the energy that the wireless charging point from four summits of place grid is sent
Amount, for itself consumption or be stored in the battery of node, further according to energy relationship selection current period activation or sleep
Sleep.The node activated in network can be connected with self-organizing, and base station is upload the data to by routing tree mode.
Step 2：Calculating network energy harvesting and handling capacity：
The energy that wireless sensor node obtains in grid is wirelessly transferred for the wireless charging point on four summits of place grid
Energy sum, wireless charging point obtain regenerative resource using solar panels etc., available resources are converted into, for autophage
And the equipment for being transferred to surrounding.
In a cycle T, the energy transmission time rate and data transmission period rate of network are respectively τ and (1- τ), network
Handling capacity is related to the nodes and data transmission period that are activated in network.It is worth noting that, data transmission in network by
The limitation of bandwidth, when data packet number is excessive, data collision loss of data can be caused, that is, after reaching some threshold value, network
Reduction phenomenon occurs in handling capacity.
Step 3：Perform improved sleep scheduling algorithm
In view of the equilibrium of energy in network and the changes in demand of handling capacity, and extend Network morals, network
In wireless sensor node according to improved CKN algorithms carry out sleep scheduling.For those self-energies and obtain energy it
All it is not enough to support the node of current period work, sleep state can be directly entered.The sufficient node of remaining energy, according to
CKN sleep rule selection enters activation and sleep state., it is necessary to update all wireless sensor nodes after the completion of a cycle
The state of point is battery self-energy.
Step 4：User is provided rationally to recommend
By changing the energy transmission time rate τ of the network and k of sleep scheduling, network can be obtained under different conditions
Handling capacity and capacity usage ratio.Correlated results list is obtained after test different parameters and multi-group data.When user proposes currently
When handling capacity or capacity usage ratio demand, rational recommendation can be provided according to obtained the results list.
Energy harvesting：Wireless sensor node obtain the energy that sends from four, place grid vertex wireless charging point it
And Q, the energy Q from some summit that node obtainsi, i=1,2,3,4, calculation formula is as follows：
Qi=α × Pr=α × Pt×D-α×GA, wherein, α is energy conversion efficiency, PrFor the energy of wireless charging point transmitting
Power, PtThe energy work rate received for wireless sensor node, D are wireless sensor node apart from the distance of wireless charging point, GA
The binding signal intensity received for transmitting.
Therefore, the energy sum that some wireless sensor node obtains is Q, and formula is as follows：
Wherein Q1, Q2, Q3And Q4In the case of other specification identical, depending on node from each grid vertex away from
From.
In a cycle T, the energy transmission time rate and data message transmission time rate of network are respectively τ and (1- τ), nothing
Line sensor node capacity usage ratio μ computational methods are as follows：
Wherein, EuFor the energy effectively utilized in wireless sensor node a cycle,
EhFor the wireless energy obtained in wireless sensor node a cycle, PcEnergy expenditure work(when being worked for wireless sensor node
Rate, EsFor storage to the energy in wireless sensor node battery, Q is to obtain the gross energy sent from wireless charging point, and τ is
Energy transmission time rate.By calculating wireless sensor node capacity usage ratio μ maximums, obtain energy transmission time rate τ's
Optimal value.
Wireless sensor node is slept：Wireless sensor node its cells can store dump energy, while be come from
The wireless energy of four wireless charging points of surrounding, if these energy sums are not yet sufficient to support that the energy needed for node activation,
The node will initially enter sleep state, store more energy in case the next cycle uses.It is sufficient for remaining energy
Node can apply CKN algorithms, allow part of nodes to likewise enter sleep state, to meet the needs of heterogeneous networks handling capacity, simultaneously
Energy is saved to ensure the work in next cycle.Current period can update all wireless sensor nodes state after terminating is i.e. electric
Pond self-energy, sleeping nodes receive charging, and activation node completes data transfer task.Subsequently enter next loop cycle.
It is defined as follows in CKN algorithms on k neighbor node connection situation being applied：
(i) each node is at least communicated with the k neighbor nodes being active.
(ii) all nodes being active all are connections in network.
In CKN algorithms, the general sensor nodes S of any state of activationuThe random one numerical value rank of selection of meetingu, extensively
Broadcast rankuAnd collect the rank of neighbor nodeuIt is put into set RuIn.Then node SuWill set RuBroadcasted, received simultaneously
Collect the set from other neighbor nodes.
If node SuAnd its neighbor node number that neighbor node is possessed is both greater than k, then node SuBy its neighbor node
Middle rank ＜ rankuIt is put into set C.If node connection and each node at least k neighbours' section in set C
Point, then node SuCan be with into sleep state.Therefore, when k values are smaller, more activation node is in network
Working condition；More nodes, which are had, conversely when the change of k values is big, in network enters sleep state.
Handling capacity：The node of activation can transmit the data being collected into base station by routing tree, due to the biography of each node
Defeated competition window is fixed, and too many data will clash when reaching simultaneously.In order to avoid this conflict, to all nodes
Perform CSMA/CA strategies.The probability P s of node Successful transmissions packet and the handling capacity St calculations of network are as follows：
Wherein, n is the nodes activated in network, and p is that packet is sent in slot from a website to another station
The probability of point, λ are constraint fraction λ ＜ 1, and C is the average number of continuous Free Slots.
Meet demand：Under the current configuration of network, the attribute for influenceing network throughput and capacity usage ratio is adjusted for sleep
K and energy transmission time rate τ in degree, can obtain corresponding handling capacity and capacity usage ratio list according to different k and τ.
When user proposes the throughput demand of current slot, it is possible to the satisfactory k recommended according to list above,
The τ of higher energy utilization rate is selected under the premise of k is suitable again.So, that is, requirement of the user for network throughput is met,
Allow network to possess higher energy utilization simultaneously, meet the theory of environmental protection.
As seen in figs. 5-6, specific embodiment is as follows：
Sleep scheduling carrys out the method for meet demand in a kind of chargeable sensor network of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
1) netinit：
Network is broadly divided into wireless charging electric layer and wireless sensor node layer.Charged layer is divided into the pros of equal size
Shape grid, energy receiver and wireless energy transmission device are disposed in the summit of each grid, such as rectangular block in Fig. 5.Sensing
Device node layer arranges some wireless sensor nodes at random, and node has the two kinds of states that activate and sleep.Sensor in grid
Node can receive the energy that the charge point from place grid vertex is sent, further according to energy relationship selection current period activation
Or sleep.The node activated in network can be connected with self-organizing, and base station is upload the data to by routing tree mode.
2) energy harvesting and handling capacity：
The energy that grid interior nodes obtain is wirelessly transferred energy sum for four summits of place grid, and charge point is using too
Positive energy plate etc. obtains regenerative resource, available resources is converted into, for autophage and the equipment for being transferred to surrounding.One
In cycle, the energy transmission time rate and data transmission period rate of network are respectively τ and (1- τ), the handling capacity and network of network
The nodes and data transmission period of middle activation are related, and specific calculation is in technical scheme.It is worth noting that, network
Middle data transfer is limited by bandwidth, when data packet number is excessive, can be caused data collision loss of data, that is, be reached some threshold
After value, reduction phenomenon occurs in the handling capacity of network.
3) sleep scheduling：
In view of the equilibrium of energy in network and the changes in demand of handling capacity, and extend Network morals, network
In node according to improved CKN algorithms carry out sleep scheduling.All it is not enough to for those self-energies and acquisition energy sum
The node of current period work is supported, sleep state can be directly entered.The sufficient node of remaining energy, according to CKN sleep
Rule selection enters activation and sleep state., it is necessary to update the states of all nodes energy i.e. in battery after the completion of a cycle
Amount.Shown in Fig. 5, grey square is fills an electricity, and dark color point is activation node, and light color point is sleeping nodes.
4) user's request is met：
Network state can show different conditions due to k and τ change, after other parameters determine, change network respectively
In this two value, the handling capacity and capacity usage ratio of calculating network.As shown in fig. 6, when user requires that network throughput is not low
When 60, understand that k value have to be larger than 1, and τ necessarily be between A and C according to (a).Understood in conjunction with (b), if be concerned about
Higher capacity usage ratio, τ value should be taken between A and C.On the premise of user's request is met, the more preferable energy of network is considered
Measure utilization rate.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. sleep scheduling carrys out the method for meet demand in a kind of chargeable sensor network, it is characterised in that：It is as follows including step：
Step 1：Netinit；
Step 2：Calculating network energy harvesting and handling capacity；
Step 3：Perform improved sleep scheduling algorithm；
Step 4：User is provided rationally to recommend.
2. sleep scheduling carrys out the method for meet demand in a kind of chargeable sensor network according to claim 1, it is special
Sign is：The step 1 includes：Wireless charging electric layer and wireless sensor node layer；Wireless charging electric layer is divided into equal size
Square net, wireless charging point is disposed in the summit of each grid, is passed to the wireless sensor node in grid around
Defeated wireless energy；Wireless sensor node layer arranges some wireless sensor nodes at random, and wireless sensor node has activation
With two kinds of states of sleep；Wireless sensor node in grid receives the wireless charging point from four summits of place grid and sent
Energy.
3. sleep scheduling carrys out the method for meet demand in a kind of chargeable sensor network according to claim 1, it is special
Sign is：The step 2 includes：The energy that wireless sensor node obtains in grid is wireless for four summits of place grid
Charge point is wirelessly transferred energy sum, and wireless charging point utilizes regenerative resource, available resources is converted into, for autophage
And the equipment for being transferred to surrounding；The node of activation can transmit the data being collected into by routing tree and be held to base station, all nodes
Row CSMA/CA strategies.
4. sleep scheduling carrys out the method for meet demand in a kind of chargeable sensor network according to claim 3, it is special
Sign is：The energy harvesting formula is as follows：Wireless sensor node obtains and comes from four, place grid vertex wireless charging point
The energy sum Q sent, the energy Q from some summit that node obtainsi, i=1,2,3,4, calculation formula is as follows：
Qi=α × Pr=α × Pt×D-α×GA, wherein, α is energy conversion efficiency, PrThe energy work rate launched for wireless charging point,
PtThe energy work rate received for wireless sensor node, D are wireless sensor node apart from the distance of wireless charging point, GAFor hair
Penetrate the binding signal intensity of reception；
Therefore, the energy sum that some wireless sensor node obtains is Q, and formula is as follows：
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Wherein Q1, Q2, Q3And Q4In the case of other specification identical, depending on node from each grid vertex with a distance from.
5. sleep scheduling carrys out the method for meet demand in a kind of chargeable sensor network according to claim 3, it is special
Sign is：The throughput equation is as follows：
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Wherein, Ps represents the probability of node Successful transmissions packet, and St represents the handling capacity of network, and n is the section activated in network
Points, p are that probability of the packet from a website to another website is sent in slot, and λ is constraint fraction λ ＜ 1, and C is to connect
The average number of continuous Free Slots.
6. sleep scheduling carrys out the method for meet demand in a kind of chargeable sensor network according to claim 1, it is special
Sign is：The step 3 includes：In view of the equilibrium of energy in network and the changes in demand of handling capacity, and extend network
Life cycle, the wireless sensor node in network carries out sleep scheduling according to improved CKN algorithms, for those self-energies
All it is not enough to support the node that current period works with energy sum is obtained, sleep state can be directly entered；Remaining energy fills
The node of foot, enter activation and sleep state according to CKN sleep rule selection；, it is necessary to update institute after the completion of a cycle
There is the state i.e. battery self-energy of wireless sensor node.
7. sleep scheduling carrys out the method for meet demand in a kind of chargeable sensor network according to claim 1, it is special
Sign is：The step 4 obtains network in different shapes by changing the energy transmission time rate τ of the network and k of sleep scheduling
Handling capacity and capacity usage ratio under state；Formation independent variable is k, τ, n, T；Dependent variable is St, μ the results list, when user carries
When going out current handling capacity or capacity usage ratio demand, recommendation is provided according to obtained the results list.
8. sleep scheduling carrys out the method for meet demand in a kind of chargeable sensor network according to claim 7, it is special
Sign is：In one cycle T, the energy transmission time rate and data message transmission time rate of network are respectively τ and (1-
τ), wireless sensor node capacity usage ratio μ computational methods are as follows：
Wherein, EuFor the energy effectively utilized in wireless sensor node a cycle, EhFor
The wireless energy obtained in wireless sensor node a cycle, PcEnergy expenditure power, E when being worked for wireless sensor nodes
For storage to the energy in wireless sensor node battery, Q is to obtain the gross energy sent from wireless charging point, and τ is energy
Transmission time rate, by calculating wireless sensor node capacity usage ratio μ maximums, obtain the optimal of energy transmission time rate τ
Value.
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| CN108738118A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-02 | 广东石油化工学院 | Power exchange method in wireless chargeable sensor network |
| CN110012526A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-07-12 | 浙江工业大学 | It is a kind of that the node sleep dispatching method that can be communicated wirelessly is taken based on time slot switching |
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Application publication date: 20171208 |