CN107430377A - Illuminated holograms can be weighed - Google Patents

Abstract

Generation comprises at least the illumination information of the reflectivity data in each region of subject surface, and is printed as a series of illuminated holograms that weigh.Each printed holograms include the reflectivity data of the corresponding region of object.Generate the model of object so that model also includes some in each region corresponding to subject surface.A series of holograms are attached in a part for model respectively so that the specific hologram that the reflectivity data of the specific region to object of the series is encoded is attached in the appropriate section of model.In one embodiment, the model of object is generated by metal.A series of holograms are by direct engraving on metal pattern so that the specific hologram that the reflectivity data of the specific region to object of the series is encoded is carved in the appropriate section of metal pattern.

Description

Illuminated holograms can be weighed

The cross reference of related application

The application is related to entitled " the RECORDING HOLOGRAPHIC DATA ON actually submitted together with this REFLECTIVE SURFACES (holographic data is recorded on reflecting surface) " Application U.S. Serial No (file number 139703- 011800) and actually submitted together with this entitled " APPLYING HOLOGRAPHIC EFFECTS TO PRINTS (will be complete Breath effect is applied to printout) " US application serial No. (file number 139703-011700).The complete disclosure of these applications It is incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

This disclosure relates to holographic effect is applied to two and three dimensions printout.

Background technology

Conventional two-dimentional printer prints data line by line on paper used in computer.When this Method of printing is expanded When connecing one layer of ground multilayer printing to one layer, it can print threedimensional model.Three-dimensional (3D) printing is to transfer computer model Into the process of physical object.Process different from rejecting material by mainly subtracting creates the conventional process of model, and 3D printing is A kind of additive process, wherein physical object are combined by multilayer material.Therefore, except need not be given birth under conventional subtractive process Produce outside the expensive replacing instrument needed for different models, the waste of material is also less.Additive process by 3D printer including for Perform and carried out under the control of the computing device of the module of print routine.So can it is quick before plant produced practical object and Economically obtain model.With the maturation of technology, 3D printer is not only increasingly being used for printing simple model, Er Qieyong In printing various products, even such as precision mechanical part, tablet or the model for the corona that dentist uses.

The content of the invention

This disclosure relates to the system and method for the model for generating object, the model not only includes the depth of subject surface Spend information and including illumination information.The method for disclosing the model of generation object in certain embodiments.This method can be by Equipment including one or more processors performs.This method, which is included at the equipment including processor, receives a series of printings entirely Breath figure, each printed holograms include at least one holographic pixel, and the holographic pixel is to one of multiple regions of subject surface Illumination information is encoded.Object can be real object or virtual objects.The physical model of equipment print object, wherein physics The surface of model includes some, the corresponding region that each part corresponds in multiple regions of object.In some realities Apply in example, the model of object is two dimensional model.In certain embodiments, the model of object is threedimensional model.In some embodiments In, the physical model of print object also includes receiving the 3-D view of object and according to the three of 3-D view print object by equipment Dimension module.

In certain embodiments, the serial printed holograms are attached to physical model so that each printed holograms quilt The part of the respective regions corresponding to subject surface of physical model is attached to, the illumination information of the respective regions is coded in In the printed holograms of attachment.In certain embodiments, the hologram sheet of at least one subset of the serial printed holograms is included It is wrapped on model.In certain embodiments, each in multiple printed holograms is attached to model during printing The appropriate section on surface.In certain embodiments, a series of holograms of printing are can to illuminate (relightable) holography again Figure.In certain embodiments, the area of each part of printed holograms is at 0.000001 square millimeter to 0.25 square millimeter Between.

In certain embodiments, disclosing includes a series of hologram sheet of printed holograms.Hologram sheet is divided into multiple beat Hologram is printed, wherein each printed holograms include at least one hologram of the series.It is each in multiple printed holograms The part of the individual respective regions corresponding to subject surface for being attached to physical model, the illumination of the respective regions are coded in In the printed holograms of attachment.

In certain embodiments, a kind of device including processor and storage medium is disclosed, the storage medium is used for The programmed logic for generating the model of object by computing device is visibly stored thereon.Programmed logic is included by processor The reception logic of execution, for receiving a series of printed holograms at equipment, each printed holograms include at least one complete Pixel is ceased, the holographic pixel encodes to the illumination information in one of multiple regions of subject surface.In certain embodiments, Programmed logic includes the print logic by computing device, the surface for the physical model of print object, wherein physical model Including some, each part is corresponding to the corresponding region in multiple subject areas.Programmed logic also includes by handling The attachment logic that device performs, for a series of printed holograms to be attached into physical model, each printed holograms are attached to The part of the respective regions corresponding to subject surface of physical model, the illumination information of the respective regions are coded in attachment In printed holograms.In certain embodiments, adhering to logic includes the logic by computing device, for that will include a series of beat At least two hologram sheet in print hologram is wrapped on model.

In certain embodiments, processor further performs division logic, for by including a series of printed holograms Hologram sheet is divided into multiple printed holograms, wherein each printed holograms include at least one hologram of the series.Processing Device is also performed using logic, for each in multiple printed holograms to be corresponded into subject surface applied to physical model Respective regions part, the illumination of the respective regions is coded in the printed holograms of attachment.In certain embodiments, Computing device image-receptive logic, for receiving the 3-D view of object, and by computing device logic, with according to three-dimensional The threedimensional model of image print object.

It in one embodiment there is disclosed a kind of non-transitory computer-readable medium including processor-executable instruction. Instruction includes being used for a series of instruction for receiving printed holograms, and each printed holograms include at least one holographic pixel, institute Holographic pixel is stated to encode the illumination information in one of multiple regions of subject surface.Instruction also includes：For print object Physical model instruction, the wherein surface of physical model includes some, the phase that each part corresponds in multiple regions Answer a region；And for a series of printed holograms to be attached to the instruction of physical model.These, which are instructed, each to beat Print hologram is attached to the part of the respective regions corresponding to subject surface of physical model, the illumination letter of the respective regions Breath is coded in the printed holograms of attachment.

In certain embodiments, the instruction for a series of holograms of printing to be attached to model also includes being used to wrap The hologram sheet for including a series of at least one subset of printed holograms is wrapped in processor-executable instruction on model.At some In embodiment, the instruction for a series of holograms of printing to be attached to model also includes being used to that a series of printings will to be included entirely The hologram sheet of breath figure is divided into the processor-executable instruction of multiple printed holograms, wherein each printed holograms are including this At least one hologram of row and instruction, it is described to instruct for each in multiple printed holograms to be applied into physical model The respective regions corresponding to subject surface part, the illumination of the respective regions is coded in the printed holograms of attachment In.

In certain embodiments, a kind of model of object is disclosed.The model includes some, and wherein model is each The corresponding region that part corresponds in multiple regions of object.The model also includes attaching to the multiple of multiple model parts Hologram type part, wherein each hologram type part piece includes the illumination information in the corresponding region in multiple regions of object. Corresponding one at least one multiple regions to object being attached in multiple model parts in multiple hologram type parts A model part corresponding to individual region, the illumination information in a corresponding region are included at least one hologram type part In.In certain embodiments, it is corresponding in multiple subject areas to be included in the illumination information at least one hologram type part The bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) of one subject area.The areal extent of each hologram type part is in 0.000001 square of milli Rice is between 0.25 square millimeter.The model of object can be two dimensional model or threedimensional model.In certain embodiments, from model The property of the light of surface reflection is similar to the property of the light from subject surface reflection.

In one embodiment, a kind of method for the 3D models for generating object is disclosed.This method includes obtaining the gold of object Belong to model.The object includes multiple regions.Model is made of metal, and also includes some so that each portion of model Divide the corresponding region corresponded in subject area.In one embodiment, first processor receives the illumination information of object, its Middle illumination information includes the reflectivity data of subject area.The illumination information of object prints to a series of holographies by first processor Figure, each hologram of the series include encoding at least the reflectivity data in the corresponding region in subject area One holographic pixel.Each hologram is printed on a part of corresponding to a region corresponding in subject area for model On.In certain embodiments, the model of object is by that can use the three-dimensional printer of gold or the metallic print metal pattern such as silver To print.

In one embodiment, a kind of method of the metal pattern for the reflectivity data for generating and including object is disclosed.The party Method includes：The illumination information for the object for including multiple regions is received by the equipment including processor, the illumination information includes each portion The reflectivity data divided.The model of object is printed by equipment, and wherein model is made of metal, and the surface of model is including multiple Part, each part of model surface is corresponding to the corresponding region in subject area.The illumination information of object is set by this Standby to be used as a series of holograms to be sent to model, each hologram of the series includes at least one holographic pixel, the holography Pixel encodes to the reflectivity data in the corresponding region in each region, and each hologram is printed on model On part corresponding with the respective regions.

In certain embodiments, equipment receives the 3-D view of object and according to the three-dimensional mould of 3-D view print object Type.Similarly, if equipment receives the two dimensional image of object, from the two dimensional model of two dimensional image print object.

In one embodiment, a kind of method of the hologram for the object for making and including multiple regions is disclosed.This method bag Include multiple reflectivity data collection that the subject surface for corresponding multiple light sources is obtained from single fixed view.This method also includes Following steps：Subject surface is illuminated using the light source for being located at ad-hoc location relative to object in multiple light sources；And note Record the corresponding reflectivity data in ad-hoc location with light source of subject surface.Between light source movement such as 0.5mm-1.0mm Distance arrives the new position neighbouring with ad-hoc location, and for each light source in multiple light sources, will illuminate, records and move step It is rapid to repeat pre-determined number.

By being carried out to the reflectivity data obtained from multiple reflectivity data collection in each region for subject surface Superposition, the reflectivity data collected in each region for subject surface is generated by computing device.Utilize the more of subject surface The reflectivity data collected the irradiation photosensitive medium at least one region in individual region, and make at least one by photosensitive medium The hologram in individual region.In certain embodiments, hologram, which is included in, has 0.000001 square millimeter to 0.25 square millimeter Between region substrate on.

In certain embodiments, object is the object of real world, and is obtained using light stage setting multiple anti- Penetrate rate data set.In certain embodiments, object is virtual objects, and multiple reflectivity datas are obtained using computing device Collection.

In one embodiment, a kind of substrate of the diffraction structure including as hologram is disclosed.Hologram is included each other Superposition virtual or real object multiple images, and each image in multiple images under corresponding lighting condition from list The reflectivity data in the region of the subject surface of individual viewpoint record is encoded.In certain embodiments, substrate is 0.000001 Square millimeter is to extending between 0.25 square millimeter.In certain embodiments, corresponding lighting condition is comprised at least relative to object It is located at the light source of corresponding position with viewpoint.By hologram from light source incidence to hologram on light produce reflection light, by complete Reflection light caused by breath figure with when being irradiated as light source the reflection light as caused by the region of subject surface there is identical Matter.

With reference to features as discussed above, these and other embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art will be it is aobvious and It is clear to.

Brief description of the drawings

It is that accompanying drawing is not drawn to scale and in several views identical reference represent identical element, attached In figure：

Fig. 1 is the flow chart for showing to generate the method for the model of object according to some embodiments.

Fig. 2 is the flow chart according to the method for the model of the detailed description generation object of some embodiments.

Fig. 3 is the flow chart according to the method for the model of the detailed description generation object of some embodiments.

Fig. 4 shows what can be used together according to the detailed description generation of some embodiments with the 3D printing model of object The flow chart of the method for the illumination information of illuminated holograms can be weighed.

The method that can weigh illuminated holograms according to the generation of some embodiments is described in detail in Fig. 5.

Fig. 6 is showing for the illumination information for a series of images for including obtaining for individual according to the description of some embodiments Figure.

Fig. 7 shows the model of the object generated according to the embodiment being described in detail herein.

Fig. 8 shows the inside structure of the computing device according to some embodiments.

Fig. 9 shows the 3D printer device for being used to print 3D models according to some embodiments.

Embodiment

Theme is described more fully with below with reference to the accompanying drawings, accompanying drawing forms a part for exemplary embodiment and passed through Bright mode shows specific illustrative embodiment.However, theme can be embodied in the form of a variety of, and therefore, The theme for being included or being claimed is intended to be construed to be not restricted to any example embodiment set forth herein；Exemplary reality is provided Example is applied to be merely to illustrate that.Similarly it is desired to the scope for the theme protected or covered is quite extensive.In addition, for example, theme can be with It is embodied as method, equipment, part or system.Therefore, embodiment can for example take hardware, software, firmware or its any group The form of conjunction.Therefore, it is considered as restricted that detailed description below, which is not intended as,.

In the accompanying drawings, some features can be exaggerated to show particular elements details it is (and any shown in accompanying drawing Size, material and similar details are intended to illustrative and not restrictive).Therefore, specific structure disclosed herein Details and function detail be not necessarily to be construed as it is restricted, it is but only public as the many-sided application institute of teaching those skilled in the art The representative basis for the embodiment opened.

The disclosure is described below with reference to the operating instruction of block diagram and method and apparatus, to select and present and specific master Inscribe related media.It should be appreciated that the combination of block diagram or each frame in each frame and block diagram or operating instruction of operating instruction It can be realized by analog or digital hardware and computer program instructions.These computer program instructions can be supplied to logical With the processor of computer, special-purpose computer, ASIC or other programmable data processing units so that via the processing of computer Function/the action specified in block diagram or operation box is realized in the instruction that device or other programmable data processing units perform.

In some alternate embodiments, function/action for being pointed out in each frame can not be by pointing out in operational manual Sequentially.For example, two frames shown successively can essentially be performed substantially simultaneously, or each frame sometimes can be with opposite suitable Sequence performs, and this depends on involved function/action.In addition, in order to provide the more complete understanding to technology, pass through the side of example Formula provides the embodiment for each method for presenting and describing as the flow chart in the disclosure.Disclosed method is not limited to herein The operation of presentation and logic flow.It is contemplated that alternate embodiment, wherein the order of each operation changes, and is wherein described Child-operation for a part for larger operation independently performs.

Computing device such as can be sent via wired or wireless network or reception signal, or such as can be deposited in physics Signal is handled or stored in the memory of reservoir state, and therefore server can be used as to operate.Thus, for example, can As server operation equipment can include special machine rack server, desktop computer, laptop computer, set top box, Combine integrated equipment of each feature (two or more features of aforementioned device) etc..Server is in configuration or ability It can change very greatly, but generally server can include one or more CPU and memory.Server may be used also With including one or more mass-memory units, one or more power supplys, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces, one Individual or multiple input/output interfaces or one or more operating systems (such as Windows servers, Mac OS X, Unix, Linux, FreeBSD etc.).

In entire disclosure and claims, term can have outside the implication being expressly recited within a context The delicate implication for implying or implying.Similarly, as used herein phrase " in one embodiment " not necessarily represents identical Embodiment, and not necessarily represent different embodiments in phrase used herein " in another embodiment ".Such as, it is desirable to The theme of protection includes the combination of all or part of exemplary embodiment.Generally, term can be at least in part from context In usage understand.For example, it is as used herein such as " and ", the term of "or" or "and/or" can include can be with Based in part on the various implications of the context using these terms.Generally, if "or" be used for linked list (such as A, B or C), it is intended to represent A, B and the C used here with inclusive meaning, and A, B or the C used here with exclusiveness meaning. In addition, the term " one or more " used here based in part on context can be used for describing appointing in odd number meaning What feature, structure or feature, or can be used for describing the combination of feature on plural references, structure or feature.Similarly, extremely Partially based on context, it is also understood that such as " one (a, an) " or "the" etc term passes on odd number usage or biography Up to plural usage.In addition, term "based" can be understood as being not necessarily intended to pass on one group of exclusive factor, and can substitute Ground allows the additive factor being not necessarily expressly recited be present based in part on context again.

The two dimension printing of data on paper is converted into for from the picture number for being fed to computer by the improvement of printing technique According to the additive process of printing threedimensional model.The three-dimensional printer used at present is (such as one micro- every time by the way that printed material is layered Rice) build threedimensional model.The model created by 3 D-printing can include firm internal structure, and this is with traditional dies It is impossible.Using different materials (such as the plastics of different colours, metal or resin) mould can be built via 3 D-printing Type.Although can use a variety of colors and material for the usage of 3 D-printing, current three-dimensional printing technology is only limitted to Major print surface shows the model of simple reflex rate, such as lambert (Lambertian) surface, its can not express by The true reflex behavior of the practical object of modeling.

Although three-dimensional printer can be modeled to the detailed construction of Eiffel Tower, it can not catch in a model Obtain the true reflection characteristic for the metal for forming actual Eiffel Tower.What reflection characteristic can not correctly be captured by three-dimensional printer answers Another example of miscellaneous structure is the face of people's (or other species).The complex set that the face of live body includes tone and light and shade merge with Complicated mode reflected light, can not also be captured even with best high-resolution three-dimension (3D) printer.For example, resolution ratio is smart What the thin three-dimensional printer up to 16-30 microns was currently available.Therefore, when printing facial, such as hair and hair can be printed The feature in hole.However, the model printed even with the three-dimensional printer of optimum resolution is although accurately replicate object Structure, it can not seem true.Because the reflective character of object determines that these factors are not by the sets of factors of complexity Only include the physical property (such as microcosmic surface details and color) of object, and the chemical property including object in itself.If There is no improvement set forth herein, then 3D printing model can not capture exactly object how with light interaction as details.

The multiple parasitic reflection for currently existing to capture and record in detail object (such as biological face or skin) is special The technology of property.The light stage that will be described in detail further below is an example.Similarly, also exist and set by calculating The technology of the standby reflection characteristic for producing object.For example, produced using the lighting engineering again based on image under any lighting condition The photorealism of object.The application of this technology, which is especially included in the scene of film, inserts character.

Using the device of such as dome-shaped light stage or portable lamp optical stage etc, for by irradiating from different directions Object captures the reflectivity data of object.The multiple images of object are captured, wherein the object in each image is come from and it The illumination in the different direction of his image is bright.Therefore, can be directed to light of each pixel capture from all directions intensity, this It can be rebuild pair by using mathematical modeling under any other lighting condition not captured by the device of such as light stage etc The image of elephant.This can be by being fitted to the albedo measurement obtained from the light stage for subject surface by Reflectivity Model Value is realized.In addition it is possible to use such as model of Lambertian, Phong or Ward model etc is extrapolated for specific One group of reflectance measurement that direction obtains, to obtain the intensity for the incidence angle being not included in measurement group.

The interaction of each surface and light can be described with bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF).Generally, light is anti- The degree for penetrating (or transmission) depends on observer and relative to surface normal and the optical position of tangent line.Due to BRDF instructions just How to be reflected, therefore it must capture the visual angle of reflected light and light pauper character.Therefore, BRDF is at light interaction point It is the function in incident (light) direction and outgoing (visual angle) direction relative to local orientation.However, beaten there presently does not exist 3D is assigned Stamp type is with the technology of various reflective characters (such as those characteristics expressed by the BRDF of subject surface).

Embodiment disclosed herein can provide the reflective character of object for the model of object so that model is also with similar In the mode reflected light of object, so as to appear more like practical object compared with the model printed from conventional 3D printer.More Body, the mould of object is applied to embodiment described herein the light interaction property for being able to record object and by these characteristics Type.This assigns model with the reflective character of object, so that model seems essentially identical with object.In one embodiment In, can be by 3D printer printer model so that the depth information of subject surface is trapped in the data of 3D printer reception, Model of the data transfer to printing.In one embodiment, the reflectivity data captured can via what is be described in detail herein The holographic technique illuminated again is sent to 3D printing model.The 3D of depth and both light interaction attributes including practical object Printer model will seem truer than the model obtained from 3D printer.

In certain embodiments, the reflectivity data for object can illuminate holography again as be attached at 3D printing model Figure is printed.Holographic be it is a kind of be used for record object illumination information and afterwards in the case of no object again Show it so as to produce the technology for the illusion that object be present.In order to generate the hologram of object, with such as coherent source (such as laser) Or the light source irradiation object of spectral filtering light source etc.Combined from the light of object reflection with reference beam, the reference beam can be with It is the direct light from light source.The pattern as caused by the interference of the reflected beams and reference beam is trapped in such as photo etc In recording medium.However, by using simple focusedimage bag of the recording figure forming that holographic captures than such as photo etc Containing more information.This makes it possible to the 3-D view of reproduced objects, causes the illusion that object be present.

Fig. 1 is the flow chart 100 for showing to generate the method for the model of object according to some embodiments.This method is from 102 Start, wherein obtaining the model of object.In certain embodiments, object can be real object, such as, but not limited to people, animal Or other real worlds has life/abiotic object.In certain embodiments, object can be can be with real world In the presence of or can be not present it is virtual/fabricate object, it can include but is not limited to have life or abiotic entity.These are empty Intend object attribute (such as, but not limited to outward appearance, can include shape, size, color, texture, reflection characteristic and other can See and invisible characteristic) it can be determined by their creator/designer.Subtraction as described herein or additive process can be passed through True or virtual objects models are obtained at 102.The image of object is input into 3D printer.Again, it is true based on object Real object or virtual objects, the image for being input to 3D printer can be the figures of photo or processor generation from camera Picture.By repeating to be layered to material (such as powdery resin), given birth in additive process by 3D printer from the image received Into model.Because 3D printer can be with the detailed construction of reproduced objects, it is possible to accurately represent Object table by 3D models The depth information in face.In one embodiment, model includes coloured surface, and it is included in red, green, blueness, cyan, yellow etc. One or more.In one embodiment, model is made into identical with the size of object.

At 104, the illumination information of object is obtained.The illumination information obtained at 104 can not only represent to reflect, and Other complicated phenomenons occurred when light interacts with subject surface can be represented.This can include other phenomenons, such as but not It is limited to light absorbs and/or transmission, it includes but is not limited to diffraction and scattering effect.In one embodiment, the illumination letter at 104 Breath can obtain from the imaging device of such as light stage.In one embodiment, among other components, light stage also wraps Include camera and its intensity being capable of controlled light source.Light stage is arranged to produce gradient lighting pattern.Light source is configured With the surface for being arranged to use gradient lighting pattern irradiation object.The light reflected from illuminated subject surface is received by camera, phase Machine produces the data for representing reflected light.In certain embodiments, data can include the hologram for producing subject surface Interference figure.In certain embodiments, the data from camera are handled by computing system, to estimate the surface method of subject surface Line chart.

Polarizer can be by being placed on light source by the mirror-reflection normal map and diffusion normal map of subject surface respectively Produced with front of camera, to utilize the surface of the sphere gradient lighting pattern irradiation object of polarization.In one embodiment, come Other attributes of subject surface can be used for estimating from the data of light stage.It is for instance possible to use for by mirror-reflection The technology of the layering face reflection modeling of rate, single scattering and shallow-layer and deep layer Subsurface Scattering composition.For in these layers Each layer, the parameter of appropriate reflection model can be estimated using model as described above, for example, from single viewpoint at several seconds Only 20 photos recorded in clock by light stage.

In one embodiment, illumination information can be obtained from computing device at 104.For example, it can utilize two-way anti- Distribution function (" BRDF ") is penetrated to model subject surface outward appearance.As described herein, can be from using mathematics derived from analysis model Function assesses the BRDF on surface.The reflection characteristic of different kind of material can be determined using different models.In fact, Measured BRDF databases can be accessed from multiple sources.In one embodiment, path trace can be used in computer In with mathematical way calculate subject surface light interaction property.Path trace is a kind of to be used for rendering three-dimensional scenes image Computer graphical Monte Carlo (Monte Carlo) method.In fact, technology be present in CG (computer graphical) is rendered to count Calculate the dispersion and scattering of even complicated light interaction property, such as sub-millimeter resolution (such as 1 pixel).Therefore, can be with The illumination information in multiple regions of subject surface is obtained by one or more physics or mathematical routine at 104.

For multiple regions of subject surface, illumination information is obtained at 104.In certain embodiments, for Object table Each region in face, illumination information can be collected at 104.Each area can be determined based on the expectation resolution ratio of obtained image The area in domain.It is expected that resolution ratio is bigger, the area in each region is with regard to smaller.Therefore, subject surface is divided into more in which can be supposed to Individual region is to obtain illumination information.

According to the method for obtaining illumination information, the illumination information for multiple subject areas obtained at 104 can To be encoded to multiple visual angles or multiple lighting conditions.For example, each pixel of digital hologram is for giving light source to more Individual visual angle is encoded.Captured for the illumination information of this digital hologram by incremental camera motion, while will be right As being maintained at fixed position with light source.

In certain embodiments, for subject surface each region illumination information can to available for printing can again according to Multiple lighting conditions of bright hologram are encoded.This can be according to the embodiment being further detailed below by by camera Fixed position is maintained at object while changes the region clustering of light source and illumination information to realize.

At 106, the illumination information in each region of the subject surface obtained at 104 is printed as a series of holograms Out.Each hologram of the series includes the illumination information in one of the region of subject surface or it is encoded.Pass through Bright rather than limitation mode, each hologram of the series can include illumination information, such as one of region of subject surface Reflectivity data.Therefore, the reflectivity data in each region of the subject surface obtained at 104 is at 106 as holographic Figure prints.In one embodiment, the reflectivity data for each region of subject surface is represented by BRDF.Therefore, exist A series of holograms printed at 106 encode to the BRDF in each region of subject surface.Therefore, printed at 106 Hologram is configured to produce correct wavefront so that all different lighting conditions that hologram can expose to object are carried out Coding.In one embodiment, including individual pieces of holograms a series of is printed at 106.It can use various known Method (such as those methods used by ZEBRA IMAGING) obtain a series of holograms.

In certain embodiments, this method moves directly to step 110, for identify 3D printing model and subject surface Each region corresponding to each several part so that appropriate illumination information can apply to 3D printing model.The table of the 3D models of printing Face can be divided into some with being supposed in a manner of similar to subject surface.By way of illustrating and noting limit, The quantity in the region of subject surface can be equal to the quantity of the imaginary part of 3D model surfaces.Therefore, each vacation of subject surface Think that region corresponds to the appropriate section of model surface.

Then, this method proceeds to step 112, for hologram sheet to be attached into model, therefore can save step 108. At 112, hologram sheet caused by 106 is attached to 3D printing model so that specific with model including subject surface Each hologram of the illumination data of a specific region corresponding to part is positioned and attaches to the specific part of model.Example Such as, hologram sheet can position and shrink wrapped is on model so that the spy of the illumination data of the specific region including subject surface Determine the appropriate section that hologram is attached to model.

In certain embodiments, this method is moved to step 108, is cut or draws including a series of piece of holograms It is divided into multiple fragments or multiple holographic small pieces.In one embodiment, piece is divided into so that each fragment or small pieces include printing A hologram in a series of holograms gone out.As the result of this separation, multiple printed holograms are obtained at 108, Wherein each printed holograms include the reflectivity data in one of the region of subject surface.Again, it is to be understood that in step The printed holograms of 108 generations or the quantity of holographic small pieces can be equal to the quantity or correspondingly equal to mould in subject surface region The quantity of type surface portion.By way of illustrating and noting limit, the area of the printed holograms obtained at 108 can be Extended between 0.000001 square millimeter to 0.25 square millimeter.In one embodiment, piece can be divided into so that a piece Include two or more holograms.It is understood, therefore, that the hologram sheet generated at 108 can include one or more Individual hologram, each hologram encode to the reflectivity data of the regional of subject surface.

In certain embodiments, this method is moved to 110 from step 108, wherein identification 3D models with subject surface Each several part corresponding to each region.The small pieces of the hologram sheet generated at 108 are attached to or are attached at the corresponding portion of model at 112 Point.Because 3D printing process is additive process, therefore 3D printer can be programmed, to be printed in the end layer of model When the small pieces of hologram sheet are attached to the appropriate sections of 3D models.For example, when building the appropriate section of 3D models, can be to 3D The mechanical ink-jet of printer is programmed to spray multiple small pieces of hologram sheet.

As the result for the process being described in detail in Fig. 1, obtain the depth information that not only transmits subject surface and also by Further assign the 3D printing model of the reflection characteristic of subject surface.When light is incided in such 3D printing model, its To be reflected with practical object substantially similar way.Because the hologram sheet on model is encoded to practical object surface Reflection characteristic, therefore simulate the reflection characteristic of subject surface.

It is understood that hologram sheet by the overall process wrapped up or be separated in flow chart 100 only by explanation and It is not that the mode limited individually describes.In fact, when generating 3D models, these steps are not necessarily mutually exclusive, but can be It is used together when generating single 3D models.The hologram sheet comprising multiple holograms is attached or is wrapped in 3D for example, there may be Part in a part for model, and the fragment of the hologram sheet comprising each hologram or small pieces are attached at its of same 3D models His part.

Fig. 2 is the flow chart 200 according to the method for the model of the detailed description generation object of some embodiments.This method from 202 start, wherein obtaining the model made of the reflecting material of such as metal etc.The model can be by such as gold or silver etc Metal be made.In certain embodiments, the model have with object identical size, and can be by 3D printer by adding Method process is obtained by etching or chiseling metal derby/piece.At 204, the reflectivity in each region for including object is obtained The illumination information of data.In one embodiment, the reflectivity data obtained at 204 is similar in the 104 reflectivity numbers obtained According to.In one embodiment, if recording the reflectivity data of object at 104, such data can be reused, so as to Make step 204 redundancy.At 206, the various pieces corresponding with the respective regions of object on identification model surface.In an embodiment In, model surface can be of the same size with subject area, therefore, some identified on model can with right As each region identified on surface is of the same size.At 210, the illumination obtained for each region of subject surface is believed Breath is coded in the appropriate section of model surface.

In one embodiment, illumination information includes being used for the area for incident light on the area from different directions The reflectivity data in domain.Therefore, the reflectivity data for multiple lighting conditions is coded for the model table in each region On face.In one embodiment, the model can be printed by 3D printer, and the illumination information including reflectivity data can example Such as it is etched in thereon by holographic printer.

In one embodiment, reflectivity data can include the BRDF in each region of subject surface, and hologram type Machine can on the surface of metal pattern etched diffraction grating, its change model surface refractive index.When metal pattern is used as During the light source irradiation of reference beam, by operable to produce hologram, the hologram is reflected diffraction grating with the light of model Mode reflected light.This eliminates printing, division and attachment holographic film as described in Figure 1 to the needs of model surface.It is real one Apply in example, metal pattern as described herein can be used for metal object modeling.

It is understood that the different piece of subject surface can have different attributes.Although some of subject surface Region is probably diffusive, but the other parts of subject surface may be more glossy.Therefore, Fig. 3 is according to some implementations The flow chart 300 of the method for the model of the detailed description generation object of example.This method is since 302, including such as object The illumination information of the reflectivity data in the region on surface is obtained by being attached to the computing device of 3D printer.In an embodiment In, obtain the reflectivity data of object using the device of such as light stage etc.In one embodiment, existed by computing device Reflectivity data is analyzed at 304, to determine the property of subject surface.At 306, based on the analysis at 304, subject surface is determined Whether with lacklustre finish or subject surface whether with more glossiness finish.If for example, reflectivity number According to Lambertian models are met, then it can determine that subject surface has lacklustre finish, otherwise can determine at 306 Subject surface has glossiness finish.If subject surface has lacklustre finish, appropriate color can be sprayed Ink is to produce the layer of 3D models, as indicated generally at 308.If it is determined that the part of the subject surface of object is more glossy, then By spraying ink print or building the specific part of subject surface at 310, and then for example pass through adhering root at 312 Holographic data is applied according to the small pieces of the holographic film of embodiment described herein.It is understood, therefore, that according to as described herein Embodiment, whole model need not be covered by hologram type part.On the contrary, model surface is corresponding with the more glossy surface of object The hologram type part that part can be generated according to the embodiment that be further detailed below covers, and model with more diffusing Part corresponding to sex object surface can receive lacklustre finish via conventional 3D printing.

In certain embodiments, the surface that illuminated holograms are used for more gloss can be weighed, as being described in detail in Fig. 3.Generally, Hologram encodes under fixed lighting condition to the viewpoint of change.For example, when given fixed object and light source, camera is compiled Journey is used for microcosmic incremental motion to produce the data for printing digital hologram.Therefore, when beholder prints in viewing When changing viewing location during hologram, hologram seems to be moved into beholder.Fig. 4 shows the stream according to some embodiments Journey Figure 40 0, the illumination for weighing illuminated holograms that produces and can be used together with the 3D printing model of object is described in detail in it The method of information.Multiple lighting conditions are encoded from single viewpoint according to the illuminated holograms that weigh of some embodiments.Root According to some embodiments, by the way that real-world objects and camera are maintained at into fixed position while light source is moved around object, Reflectivity data is physically collected to be used to that illuminated holograms can be weighed.The device known in the art for being used to collect reflectivity data can To include but is not limited to the light stage or portable lamp optical stage that can be used to perform the method being described in detail in such as Fig. 4. In some embodiments, reflectivity data can be completely by being used for real-world objects or virtual objects for multiple lighting conditions Computing device generation.In certain embodiments, reflectivity data can also be by being programmed come partly to computing device Generation, to be used for real-world objects using known mathematical modeling come infer the acquisition of the subset for multiple lighting conditions Data.

The reflectivity data that real-world objects are collected using physical process starts from 402, wherein utilizing one or more Light source illuminates its illumination information object to be collected from one or more directions.In certain embodiments, light source is fixed on lamp The individual dome-like structures of optical stage, and object is placed on the centre of dome.In other embodiments, light source is independently to move 's.At 404, the area information of subject surface is obtained.For example, region can include the microcosmos area in subject surface, wherein Such as it is included in the quantity of the pixel in the image of region or microcosmos area by computing device estimation.At 406, for illuminating pair The light source of elephant is programmed to move based on the area information obtained at 404.In one embodiment, light source is programmed to Minute movement in the range of 0.5mm-1.0mm, and the number of light source movement can be depending on the number in the region in subject surface Amount.For example, if the expectation resolution ratio of the image of subject surface is 300PPI (pixel of per inch), when collection subject surface Reflectivity data when, light source can with per inch move 300 times.At 408, the illumination information in the region of subject surface is captured. In one embodiment, illumination information can include and from multiple light sources and be incident on a plurality of light on the region of subject surface The associated data of reflectivity.

When obtaining the illumination information in region at 408, being determined whether there is at 410 needs to collect illumination information more Multizone.If it is, the mobile light source as shown in 412, and process returns to 408, wherein obtaining the photograph in next region Bright information.The circulation for including step 408,410 and 412 can be repeated, until all areas of subject surface are imaged.414 Place, it is determined whether existing needs to be applied to object to collect more lighting conditions of reflectivity data.If it is, this method 416 are moved to, wherein selecting new lighting condition.The new lighting condition selected at 416 can include but is not limited to difference Light source, wherein RGB various values can apply to object to obtain further reflectivity data.When the selection at 416 During new lighting condition, this method is circulated back to step 402, wherein object is illuminated with the lighting condition newly selected, and by such as The mobile light source is gone up to obtain reflectivity data.

Imaging process described in Fig. 4 generates the great amount of images of object for each lighting condition.For example, Fig. 4 process exists When performing single lighting condition, about 8000 images can be generated.Figure.The life according to some embodiments is described in detail in Fig. 5 The method of Cheng Kechong illuminated holograms.This method starts at 502, wherein obtaining multiple areas of object under multiple illumination conditions The illumination information in domain, as being described in detail in Fig. 4.In one embodiment, region reflectivity data can be obtained at 502, as The a series of images of the object illuminated by one or more light sources from diverse location.At 504, to the subject surface so obtained The illumination information in multiple regions collected.In certain embodiments, by the every of the object collected under multiple illumination conditions The image in individual region is superposed on one another to collect illumination information.Because image is to be shot from single camera viewpoint (although different Lighting condition), so when object seems to be illuminated by white light when superposed on one another.This and from multiple viewpoints collect illumination information use Control is formed in the conventional method of generation digital hologram, this illumination information is collected in conventional method to cause fuzzy mistake Burnt image.It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that for the Microcell or region of subject surface as described herein, visual angle There may not be significant contribution to the outward appearance of model as correct reflectivity.

The hologram type part for collecting illumination information in each region for object is obtained at 506.In some embodiments In, will for each region in multiple regions collect illumination information record across a photosensitive medium, using known method from Photosensitive medium generates hologram type part.Example available for the photosensitive medium of generation hologram can include but is not limited to breast of taking a picture Agent, photosensitive polymer, photoresist and similar substance.The hologram type part obtained at 506 includes multiple can illuminate again entirely Breath figure, each hologram encode for each region of object to multiple lighting conditions, with being compiled in normal holographic pixel Multiple visual angles of code are opposite.Therefore, when normal hologram can provide view data from different visual angles, according to described herein The illuminated holograms that weigh of embodiment provide reflectivity data when being illuminated by appropriate lighting condition.

In certain embodiments, if what is generated at 506 weighs illuminated holograms by light source from collecting reflectivity number According to when the substantially similar direction in existing direction light, then light with 502 recording light interact object it is substantially similar Mode reflected.Therefore, when the 3D models of object can be weighed illuminated holograms covering as described herein, depth and light phase Interaction data are all captured, so as to generate the more real object replica than only being generated by 3D printer.

Fig. 6 is showing for the illumination information of a series of images 602 for the object for including obtaining according to the description of some embodiments Figure 60 0.When camera and object are maintained at fixed position, one or more light sources can be programmed for small movement.Can be with Understand, only show and discuss herein the image sequence 602 with 25 images by way of illustrating and noting limit.Can Any amount of image is generated as image sequence 602 using each position based on light source.Each image in multiple images 602 604 region of given position capture object or the illumination information of microcosmos area for light source.Multiple images 602 are by by light Source is for example sequentially moved to its right side from the left side of object while object and camera is maintained at into fixed position and generated.Cause This, it is contemplated that as the image sequence 602 of 5x5 matrixes, the image at the 5x5 of position is the mirror image of the image at the lx1 of position.Can be with Multiple such image sequences 606 are generated by using multiple lighting conditions.Can use has different attribute (such as but not Be limited to the intensity, color/wavelength, type of light) light source generate multiple images sequence 606.

According to some embodiments, for given image pixel by from each serial the 602 of multiple serial 606 it is each right The illumination information of independent image 604 is answered to be overlapped, and using resulting image as including multiple small holograms 610 One can weight illuminated holograms 608 print.For example, it is assumed that when light source and object are in ad-hoc location multiple serial 606 In position 1x1 at the imaging of each graphical representation subject surface illumination information, then by stacked or superposition from multiple Each 1x1 images of image sequence 606 and generate subject surface weigh illuminated holograms.Therefore, by the way that specific light will be represented Each NxN images of source/object's position are given birth to representing other imaging importings of the same position from each image sequence 606 Cheng Kechong illuminated holograms.

Due to can weight illuminated holograms 608 each hologram 610 to multiple photographs of the single corresponding region of subject surface The illumination information of bright condition is encoded, so a lighting condition in multiple lighting conditions, which is applied, can illuminate holography again As causing view substantially to replicate and seem when subject surface illuminates under the lighting condition on Figure 60 8 photo.It is logical Holographic pixel can will again be illuminated applied in the 3D printing model of subject surface by crossing, and can further enhance effect so as to seem It is truer.Process as summarized in embodiment hereof can aid in the more real object replica of generation, such as, but not limited to Therefore the face for the people that can be generated from 3D printing model, it is not only endowed depth information, and the face for being endowed people is anti- Penetrate rate data.

Fig. 7 shows the model 700 of the object generated according to the embodiment being described in detail herein.In certain embodiments, The depth and illumination information of object can perform physical data collection process by using the instrument of such as light stage etc and come Obtain.The physical arrangement of the model of display depth information is made by 3D printer.Illumination information passes through including such as retouching in detail herein The hologram sheet for weighing illuminated holograms stated is sent to model.Object-based illumination information, there may be can have tarnish Finish and some parts (for example, tire 702 of model 700) for not needing hologram, and the other parts (car of such as car Body 704 and windshield 706) there is the holographic small pieces/piece attached thereon.

Fig. 8 shows the inside structure of the computing device 800 according to some embodiments.Computing device 800 or substantially therewith Similar another equipment can include being used for the module by artist's generation model and the attribute of virtual objects, so as to according to herein The embodiment of description further models.Computing device 800 is also configured as including being used to generate virtual objects or real object Reflectivity data programmed logic.In certain embodiments, can by perform physical process as described in detail herein come Some reflectivity informations of acquisition real object, and the programmed logic that other reflectivity informations can be performed by computing device 800 Generation.In certain embodiments, computing device 800 can also be used to operation data harvester, all as described in detail herein Light stage.In addition, computing device 800 can include being used for the module for driving printer and by the hologram sheet including illumination information Printer model is attached to, printer can include but is not limited to 3D printer with the 3D models of print object.

The inside structure of computing device includes the one or more processing units being connected with least one computer bus 802 (herein also referred to as CPU) 812.What is be also connected with computer bus 802 is persistent storage medium/medium 806, any audio frequency apparatus 808th, network interface 814, memory 804 (such as random access memory (RAM), operation when transient storage, read-only storage (ROM) etc.), for driver, (it, which can be read and/or writes, includes removable media (floppy disk, CD-ROM, DVD etc.) Medium) medium disk drive interface 820, as monitor or the display interface at the interface of other display equipment 810, be used for The input equipment interface 818 of input equipment (such as keyboard) and pointing device (such as mouse), and it is not separately shown various Other interfaces 822, parallel and serial port interface, USB (USB) interface etc..

Memory 804 is connected with computer bus 802, so as to execution be combined with functionality described herein (such as this One or more handling processes described in text) software program (such as operating system, application program, device driver, and bag The software module of processing step is can perform containing program code and/or computer) during provided to CPU 812 and be stored in memory Information in 804.CPU 812 first from memory (such as memory 804, storage medium/medium 806, removable medium driving Device and/or other storage devices) load the software module that processing step is can perform for computer.Then CPU 812 can be held Row software module can perform processing step to perform computer.During performing computer and can perform processing step, CPU 812 Stored data, such as the data stored by storage device can be accessed.

Lasting, non-transitory storage medium/medium 806 can be used for storing software and data (such as operating system And one or more application programs) computer-readable recording medium.Persistent storage medium/medium 806 can be also used for depositing Store up device driver (such as digital camera driver, monitor driver, printer driver, scanner drive or other One or more in device driver), content and alternative document.Persistent storage medium/medium 806 can also include being used in fact The program module and data file of existing one or more other embodiments of the present disclosure.

Fig. 9 is the 3D printer being used for using holographic data printing 3D models according to some embodiments as described herein 900.As described above, 3D printer 900 may be coupled to controller, such as provide for generating and/or selecting mould to be printed The computing device 900 of the software of type.Special 3D printing software kit can be obtained, can be generated on the display screen of computing device 900 Model.Based on the model of user's generation/selection, computing device 900 can control 3D printer 900 with making or printer model. Although shown herein as different units, it will be appreciated that according to some embodiments, computing device 800 can also be beaten with 3D Print machine is integrated to form individual unit.

The electronic equipment 912 of 3D printer 900 comprises at least processor 914 and non-transitory processor or computer-readable Non-transitory storage medium 916.Various pieces of the processor 914 based on programmed logic control 3D printer 900, programmed logic It is stored on non-transitory storage medium 916 to make 3D printing model using holographic data attached to it.It will include treating The illumination information of the subject surface of printing it is multiple can the photos of weight illuminated holograms be fed to hologram sheet cutter 904, so as to Multiple printed holograms are separated into, so as to be attached to 3D printing model in printing.In certain embodiments, can be from for dividing From the hologram that the self-contained unit for weighing illuminated holograms into multiple printings externally obtains multiple printings.

According to embodiment as described herein, the multiple printings obtained from cutter 904 or outside weigh illuminated holograms It is fed to extruder 906.Extruder 904 is made up of the extrusion mechanism including tank and nozzle, and tank, which is used for receiving, can be included such as The 3D printing ink of the plastics of colouring resin, nozzle are used to extrude 3D printing ink to make 3D printing model.Work as printer model Corresponding part when, extrusion mechanism, which can be adapted to launch or export each of the series, weighs illuminated holograms.In some realities Apply in example, the electronic equipment 912 of 3D printer 900 is programmed to, when the outer surface of the corresponding part of 3D models is printed, make Extruder 904 can be launched and can specifically weigh illuminated holograms.

The adjustable printing lathe 908 combined with extruder travel mechanism 902 makes it possible to carry out by extruder 2004 3D printing.Extruder travel mechanism 902 can include one or more adjustable frameworks 922 and X-Y-Z motors 924.Extruder 902 are equipped with the framework 922 of X-Y-Z motors, and X-Y-Z motors can make extruder 904 along the X- on framework 922 One or more of Y-Z axles axle moves.Furthermore it is possible to adjusting extruder 906 launches ink to adjustable printer thereon Bed 908, so as to which the flexibility of another dimension is added into 3D printer 900.Also include such as fan etc in 3D printer 900 Cooling body 910 so that printing when, 3D models are cooled.Therefore, according to embodiment as described herein, 3D printer 900 The true model with depth information and illumination information can be printed.

For purposes of this disclosure, computer-readable medium storage computer data, the data can including machine The computer program code that can be performed by computer of reading form.Unrestricted as example, computer-readable medium can wrap Tangible or fixed storage the computer-readable recording medium for data is included, or it is logical containing code signal for temporarily explaining Believe medium.As it is used herein, computer-readable recording medium refers to physics or tangible storage (opposite with signal), and wrap Include but be not limited in any method or technology realize be used for information (such as computer-readable instruction, data structure, program module Or other data) the volatibility of tangible storage and non-volatile, may move and immovable medium.Computer-readable storage Medium include but is not limited to RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other solid-state memory technologies, CD-ROM, DVD or other optical memory, cassette, tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage apparatus, or available for visibly depositing Any other physics or material medium that stores up information needed or data or instruction and can be accessed by computer or processor.

For purposes of this disclosure, module is to perform or (have or do not have beneficial to process described herein, feature and/or function The interaction or extension of someone) software, hardware or firmware (or combinations thereof) system, process or function or its part.Module Submodule can be included.The software section of module can store on a computer-readable medium.Module can be one or more The part of server, or loaded and performed by one or more servers.One or more modules can assemble engine or Using.

It would be recognized by those skilled in the art that disclosed method and system can be realized in many ways, and therefore Do not limited by foregoing example embodiment and example.In other words, by single or multiple parts (with hardware and software or firmware Various combinations and various functions) perform function element software can be distributed in client or server or both In application program.Thus, any amount of feature of various embodiments be described herein can be combined into single or multiple Embodiment, and the alternate embodiment having less than or more than all features described herein is possible.Function can also It is distributed in whole or in part in a manner of known to currently known or future in multiple parts.Therefore, Gu myriad software/hardware/ The combination of part is possible in terms of functions described herein, feature, interface and preference is realized.In addition, the scope of the present disclosure is contained Covered for performing described feature and the usual known manner of function and interface, and can to hardware described herein or Software or firmware component carry out those change and modifications, such as those skilled in the art now and later it will be appreciated that.

Although describe system and method according to one or more embodiments, but it is to be understood that the disclosure need not It is limited to the disclosed embodiments.It is intended to include various modifications and similar cloth in the spirit and scope of the claims Put, its scope should be endowed broadest interpretation, to include all such modifications and similar structure.The disclosure includes institute Any and all embodiment of attached claim.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of substrate, including：

Diffraction structure including hologram,

The hologram includes multiple images superposed on one another,

Each image in the multiple image under corresponding lighting condition from the micro- of the subject surface of single viewpoint record The reflectivity data for seeing region is encoded.

2. substrate according to claim 1, it extends between 0.000001 square millimeter to 0.25 square millimeter.

3. substrate according to claim 1, the corresponding lighting condition is comprised at least relative to the object and described regarded Light source of the point positioned at corresponding position.

4. substrate according to claim 3, wherein, passed through by the light on the hologram that incides from the light source The hologram produces reflection light, by described when the reflection light by the light source with being illuminated as caused by the hologram Reflection light caused by the microcosmos area of subject surface has identical characteristic.

5. substrate according to claim 1, wherein, the object is the object of real world.

6. substrate according to claim 1, wherein, the object is virtual objects.

7. a kind of method for making hologram, comprises the following steps：

Being obtained in the following manner for corresponding multiple light sources from single fixed view includes the Object table of multiple microcosmos areas Multiple reflectivity data collection in face：

The subject surface is illuminated using a light source being located at relative to the object in the multiple light source of ad-hoc location；

The corresponding reflectivity data of the subject surface is recorded using the light source in the ad-hoc location；

The light source is moved to new position relative to the ad-hoc location；

For each in the multiple light source, by it is described illuminate, the record and the moving step repeat pre-determined number；

By being superimposed the reflection obtained from the multiple reflectivity data collection of each microcosmos area for the subject surface Data, generate the reflectivity data collected of each microcosmos area of the subject surface；

Utilize the reflectivity data collected of at least one microcosmos area in the multiple microcosmos area of the subject surface Irradiate photosensitive medium；And

The hologram of at least one microcosmos area is made from the photosensitive medium.

8. according to the method for claim 5, the object is the object of real world, and is come using light stage setting Obtain the multiple reflectivity data collection.

9. according to the method for claim 5, the object is virtual objects, and is obtained using computing device described Multiple reflectivity data collection.

10. according to the method for claim 5, wherein, generate using the computing device including processor described collect Reflectivity data.

11. according to the method for claim 5, wherein, the light source is moved from the ad-hoc location between 0.5mm-1.0mm Distance to the new position.

12. according to the method for claim 8, the hologram, which is included in, has 0.000001 square millimeter to 0.25 square In the substrate of area between millimeter.