CN107356943A - Digital beam froming and phase-fitting method - Google Patents
Digital beam froming and phase-fitting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107356943A CN107356943A CN201710405696.XA CN201710405696A CN107356943A CN 107356943 A CN107356943 A CN 107356943A CN 201710405696 A CN201710405696 A CN 201710405696A CN 107356943 A CN107356943 A CN 107356943A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/21—Interference related issues ; Issues related to cross-correlation, spoofing or other methods of denial of service
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/23—Testing, monitoring, correcting or calibrating of receiver elements
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of digital beam froming proposed by the present invention and phase-fitting method, it is desirable to provide a kind of method that can suppress to disturb, lift Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio and accurate control Wave beam forming signal phase.The technical scheme is that：Steering vector model is oppositely oriented vector using what on-line calibration obtained, respond to obtain the absolute steering vector of accurate array with reference to the absolute phase that reference array element darkroom measures, the model parameter that existing definitely steering vector fits steering vector is combined, the accurate standby steering vector of any direction aerial array is obtained with this.The second-order statistic of array signal is iterated to calculate by array signal statistic hardware computing module, algoritic module at array signal is sent into together with aerial array steering vector and channel response, calculates optimal beam weights；Optimal beam weights are inserted digital beam froming module by last array signal processing algoritic module, carry out real-time digital Wave beam forming and phase-fitting, handle multichannel array data and wave beam output in real time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is in radar, radio astronomy, sonar, communication, navigation, direction finding, seismology, medical diagnosis and treatment
The digital beam forming method in Signal separator and fine phase control application is needed Deng field.More particularly to a kind of aerial array
The digital beam froming and phase-fitting method of steering vector model.
Background technology
Array signal process technique is widely used in many signal processing systems in the past few decades.It passes through
Diverse location in space places multiple sensors, so as to form so-called sensor array, is connect using sensor array
Receive spacing wave and then the signal to reception is specifically handled, strengthen useful signal interested, suppress useless interference
With noise or uninterested information, and useful signal characteristic is extracted, solve the information included in read signal.Array antenna is
Improve the important means of receiving system interference free performance and Survival properties.In actual applications, the site error of array element, logical
The sensor gain and phase uncertainties and array element mutual coupling effect error factors in road be present in sensor and it is electric in, cause actual battle array
Row steering vector and preferable array steering vector are inconsistent, have a strong impact on the performance of Wave beam forming processing, meeting under worst case
Cause to be upwardly formed null in desired signal side, i.e., desired signal is mistakened as making interference signal and by very big suppression.
For array error factors such as array element error, passage consistency, array element mutual coupling, domestic and international experts and scholars have done largely
Research, can be largely classified into following two research directions：Array correcting method and robust adaptive beamforming algorithm.Array
Bearing calibration is mainly that the method for the source signal known by oneself or array self-correcting obtains array error, then according to acquisition
Array error aerial array is corrected.This method can improve the performance of system, but this side to a certain extent
Method is not real time correction after all, over time, the change of aerial array and ultimate failure.And robust adaptive wave beam into
Shape algorithm is insensitive to the error in array system, even if can still obtain preferable system in the case of antenna array error being present
Export Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio.But the signal phase response after the uncontrollable Wave beam forming of robust adaptive beamforming algorithm so that
It can not be used in the crucial application of phase.
The multichannel array signal processing system of antenna array receiver navigation satellite signal, it is that one kind filters by Space-time domain
Lift the multichannel array signal processing system of navigation satellite signal signal to noise ratio and antijamming capability.Traditional processing method is main
It is to use conventional beamformer method.For limited array aperture, the resolution capability of conventional beamformer method is by Rayleigh limit
Limitation：The array formed for the limited array element of a determination, its minimum beam angle is certain, and at multiple signals
When same beam angle, conventional beamformer method can not differentiate these signals.When interference and incident direction of the signal in space
When in same beam angle, the reception of signal can not be realized.Adaptive beamformer technology energy in array signal processing
The limitation of Rayleigh limit is enough broken through, effective suppression to interference signal is realized, effectively improves the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio of signal.Their base
Present principles are all that the weights that multi-channel data is synthesized to a circuit-switched data design, and are described as an optimization problem, minimum is combined to
The energy of signal afterwards, realize the adaptive attenuation to interference signal.Different places is the constraint of optimization problem, such as minimum side
Difference is undistorted, and response (Minimum Variance Distortion-less Response, MVDR) constrains signal incidence side
To signal it is undistorted by linear constraint minimal variance (Linear Constrained Minimum Variance, LCMV)
One group of linear response constraint is added, power inversion (Power Inversion, PI) minimizes merely the output after Wave beam forming
Power.Different from the adaptive beam-forming algorithm of robust, in order to obtain optimal weight vector, these adaptive algorithms need standard
True array steering vector.There is navigation satellite signal the power reached at antenna to be less than thermal noise power, phase information and position
The features such as putting close relation correlation, non-omnidirectional's characteristic of antenna and the inconsistency of passage can cause to navigation satellite signal phase
The destruction of position information, inaccurate antenna-array response vector will lead to not obtain optimal weighted vector and signal to noise ratio；Separately
On the one hand, the differential satellite navigation relative localization algorithm failure based on carrier phase measurement will more seriously be caused.At present
Antenna array receiver processing system based on traditional adaptive beamforming can obtain certain antijamming capability, but destroy
Navigation satellite signal reaches the relative phase relation at antenna so that have the landing of high-precision relative positioning demand/warship/
Operation direct application can not benefit.
When realizing array beamses formation algorithm, it is related to array signal second-order statistic covariance matrix and its is inverse
The real-time estimation of matrix, when port number is more, when signal bandwidth is big, have to the processing capability in real time of digital signal processing module it is very big will
Ask.The processing of conventionally employed piecemeal, one piece of continuous sampled data is sent in microprocessor carry out covariance matrix calculate with
Invert, such to handle the real-time for reducing ARRAY PROCESSING, the weight vector of Wave beam forming, which can not rapidly converge to, most excellent power
Vector.
The content of the invention
The present invention task be in view of the shortcomings of the prior art part, there is provided one kind can suppress to disturb, lift letter
It is dry to make an uproar than controlling beam forming signal phase with accurate, and the real-time of array processing system can be improved, realize aerial array etc.
Imitate the digital beam froming and phase-fitting method of the stable aerial array steering vector model of phase center.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be reached by following measures, a kind of digital beam froming phase-fitting method,
It is characterized in that comprise the following steps：It is humorous using multinomial or ball in multichannel array signal transacting Beam Forming System
Function series Expansion Theory builds steering vector model, and steering vector model is oppositely oriented vector using what on-line calibration obtained,
Respond to obtain accurate absolute array steering vector with reference to the absolute phase that reference array element darkroom measures, combination is existing definitely to be led
Go out the model parameter of steering vector to vector fitting, obtain aerial array with this accurately leads in the standby of any incident direction in space
To vector.Array signal statistic hardware computing module calculates the inverse square of the sample covariance matrix of current array signal in real time
Battle array or equivalence array signal second-order statistic be sent into array signal processing algoritic module, array signal processing algoritic module according to
Target satellite posture relative position and the incident direction for receiving satellite-signal, extract the absolute steering vector of aerial array, and carry
Channel response is taken, calculates the optimal weight vector of incident direction satellite-signal；Beamforming algorithm module is finally used by beam weight
Value inserts digital beam-forming module DBF, carries out digital beam froming and phase-fitting, handle in real time multichannel array data and
Wave beam exports.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that：
1st, can suppress to disturb.The present invention utilizes multinomial or spheric harmonic function series expansion the Theory Construction steering vector mould
Type, according to posture input and the estimation in present satellites direction, application model calculates the steering vector of sense；Utilize online school
What will definitely be arrived is oppositely oriented vector, the absolute phase response measured with reference to reference array element darkroom, with reference to obtaining accurate array
Absolute steering vector, the model parameter that existing definitely steering vector fits steering vector is combined, by collimation technique, is obtained
Aerial array by the method for iterative calculation, effectively calculates current incident letter in the steering vector of any incident direction in space
Number second order statistics, i.e. the inverse matrix of covariance matrix or equivalent second-order statistic, plus the pact that phase center is constant
Beam, best initial weights are calculated, and the Beam synthesis for carrying out array signal is set to hardware digital Wave beam forming module；It is multigroup when existing
During steering vector model, steering vector model is merged, suppresses interference, lifting Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio, realization is based on aeronautical satellite
The precision differential relative positioning of signal and jamproof target.The standard of present satellites echo signal is obtained using steering vector model
True steering vector, after being compensated by channel response, the phase of signal after beam forming can be controlled exactly, realizes antenna array
The stabilization of the displaced phase center of row.
2nd, Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio and accurate control beam forming signal phase are lifted.The present invention is according to posture and relative position relation
After the incident direction for obtaining target satellite signal, substitute into the model of array steering vector, calculate the guiding arrow of the incident direction
Amount, after channel response compensates, used for beamforming algorithm, array signal counts gauge hardware computing module in real time by battle array
Column signal second-order statistic is supplied to beamforming algorithm module, according to calibration provide channel response, dark room calibration it is absolute
The relative antenna of antenna response and on-line calibration response structure antenna steering vector model, beamforming algorithm module carry in real time
For the accurate steering vector needed for beamforming algorithm, maintain the phase response of multiple wave beams equal, control aerial array etc.
Imitate phase center and keep stable, beam forming signal phase is accurately controlled while Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio is lifted.
3rd, the adaptive ability of array processing system is improved.The present invention is right when progress beamforming algorithm is realized
Multigroup antenna steering vector model carries out selecting use or carries out fusion use, adapts to the application of several scenes, array signal two
Rank statistic is unrelated with incoming signal, calculates signal statistics information by iterative algorithm, avoids and directly calculate covariance matrix
With the computing inverted of covariance matrix, it can be multiplexed when multiple wave beam weights calculate, the part calculates can also be
Real-time implementation is carried out on hardware, is greatly enhanced the adaptive ability of array processing system.
4th, it is stable to realize aerial array displaced phase center.The present invention obtains according to the attitude of satellite and relative position relation
After the incident direction of target satellite, substitute into the model of array steering vector, the incidence side is calculated for beamforming algorithm module
To steering vector, after channel response compensates, it is stable to realize aerial array displaced phase center.Ensure navigation satellite signal
The availability of carrier phase measurement after antenna array receiver is handled.
The aerial array steering vector model and statistics computational methods that the present invention includes are particularly suitable for needs
Accurate corresponding use of carrier phase measurement is believed with the aeronautical satellite on very strong antijamming capability and altitude maneuver carrier platform
Number antenna array receiver processing system.
Present invention can apply to using array received and handle in the system of navigation satellite signal, be it is a kind of suppress interference,
Lifting Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio and the Beamforming Method for stablizing array phase center.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of multichannel array signal transacting Beam Forming System.
Fig. 2 is the Wave beam forming of Fig. 1 aerial array steering vector models and the flow chart of data processing figure of fine phase fitting.
The present invention is further illustrated with implementation below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but does not therefore limit the present invention to described example
Among scope.
Embodiment
Refering to Fig. 1.According to the present invention, digital beam froming and the fine phase fitting of antenna steering vector model, which are divided into, to be led
Mould is calculated to vector model, array signal processing algoritic module, digital beam froming module DBF and array signal statistic hardware
Block, form four multichannel array signal transacting Beam Forming Systems being cross-linked with each other.In multichannel array signal transacting wave beam
In formation system, steering vector model module receives the response of absolute reference antenna phase and the training of relative antenna steering vector is oriented to
Vector model, array signal processing algoritic module is according to multigroup array antenna posture of input and satellite-signal output satellite signal
Incident direction is into steering vector model, the absolute steering vector output of satellite-signal corresponding to acquisition.Array signal statistic is hard
Part computing module iterates to calculate array signal statistic according to the multichannel array complex baseband signal of input.Array signal processing
The absolute steering vector in algoritic module combination satellite-signal direction, the channel response of input and array signal statistic, are calculated
Multigroup wave beam weight, input digital beam froming module DBF.Digital beam froming module DBF is answered the multichannel array of input
Baseband signal carries out real time beam synthesis, completes multigroup wave beam output.
It is theoretical using multinomial or spheric harmonic function series expansion in multichannel array signal transacting Beam Forming System
Steering vector model is built, steering vector model is oppositely oriented vector using what on-line calibration obtained, with reference to reference array element darkroom
The absolute phase of measurement responds and obtained the absolute steering vector of accurate array, combines existing definitely steering vector and fits
The model parameter of steering vector, standby accurate steering vector of the aerial array in any incident direction in space is obtained with this.Using
Array signal statistic hardware computing module calculates the inverse matrix or equivalent of the covariance matrix of current array signal in real time
Second-order statistic；Array signal second-order statistic is sent into by digital beam-forming by array signal statistic hardware computing module
Module DBF, digital beam-forming module DBF export more according to algoritic module array antenna posture at array signal and satellite number
Road wave beam weight, and the satellite-signal that target satellite posture relative position receives with incident direction, extract leading for aerial array
To the inverse covariance matrix of the above-mentioned array signal statistic hardware computing module current array signal of vector, and extract passage sound
Should, the optimal weight vector of calculating incident direction satellite-signal；Wave beam weight is finally inserted by number using beamforming algorithm module
Word beamforming block DBF, carries out digital beam froming, handles multichannel array data and wave beam output in real time.Below to each
The specific processing mode and principle of individual module are described in detail.
1. response model of the array to incoming signal is established in antenna steering vector model, it is first when establishing response model
First establish antenna coordinate system and the reference array element positioned at the origin of coordinates, and the centre frequency of reference array element and normal incidence letter
Number, and using the response of centre frequency and normal incidence signal as the reference of whole array steering vector model, normalize to list
Position gain and zero phase, particular azimuth θ and the signal of angle of pitch φ directions incidence, connect through aerial array under antenna coordinate system
After receipts, the vector of amplitude and phase gain composition at each array element, as array steering vector model.Wherein, steering vector
Model is mathematically represented as：
In formula, ai(θ, φ) is amplitude gain of i-th of the array element in sense,It is i-th of array element in signal side
Upward phase gain, N are array number.Assuming that array element 1 is reference array element, in the present invention, the input of steering vector model is
The absolute phase response ψ of array element 11(θ, φ) (it is reference array element without loss of generality, to select array element 1 here), and part are led relatively
To vector ar(θi,φi)：
In formulaRepresent the set that all incident directions for being oppositely oriented vector are formed.
It is directed to that vector is split as the absolute phase response directional diagram of reference array element and array is oppositely oriented vector in the present invention
Two parts, wherein, the absolute phase response directional diagram of reference array element is measured in darkroom, and facing arrays steering vector both may be used
To measure in darkroom, can also measure to obtain under open environment.Latter of which can in the work environment the cycle enter
OK, such processing method, the Integral correction data that traditional array bearing calibration obtains in darkroom is solved and do not meet actual rings
Border and the problem of changing over time and failing.
In order to from one group of discrete steering vector measured value, obtain the steering vector of any incident direction, the present invention uses
Series expansion is theoretical, such as multinomial or spheric harmonic function series expansion, constructs complete array steering vector model.
The array steering vector model that the array steering vector model of polynomial repressentation is expressed as polynomial repressentation is expressed as：
In formula, g (θ, φ) represents single array element, to the amplitude-phase response of specific incident direction signal, αikFor model coefficient,
It is the array steering vector expression under multinomial model, when the known coefficient, can be calculated according to above-mentioned model any
The array steering vector in direction, θ and φ represent the angle of pitch and the azimuth of incoming signal respectively, and m is the exponent number of multinomial model.
Use the steering vector model of spheric harmonic function for：
In formula, g (θ, φ) represents single array element, to the amplitude-phase response of specific incident direction signal,For model coefficient,
It is exactly the array steering vector expression under spheric harmonic function series expansion model,It is humorous to justify the orthogonal ball of upper integral for unit
Function, l and m represent the exponent number of spheric harmonic function, when the known coefficient, can calculate any direction according to above-mentioned model
Array steering vector.When given incident angle parameter θ and φ, can be defined according to the spheric harmonic function in the theory of complex functions,
Calculate the function value of arbitrary order
In order to train to obtain the steering vector model of array antenna, aeronautical satellite array antenna received system can be passed through
What calibration or darkroom measurement obtained is oppositely oriented set of vectorsIn incident direction, number consecutively be 1 to m, according toIn it is relative
Value g (the θ of steering vectori,φi), i=1 ..., m, build following system of linear equations：
By means of least square method, the steering vector model coefficient of estimation is：
In formula ,+represent pseudoinverse, T representing matrix transposition.Steering vector models fitting principle based on spheric harmonic function is identical.
There is model coefficient, inputted according to the signal incident direction of array signal processing algoritic module, there is provided specified satellite
Incident direction angle θ, φ, can calculate corresponding to absolute steering vector.When realizing, calculated according to above-mentioned embodiment
The Grid data of two dimensions in orientation and the angle of pitch of incident direction is possible in three dimensions, makes steering vector model table
Lattice, extract under specific antenna posture, particular satellite signal incident direction angle θ, during the steering vector in φ directions, can be entered according to this
The steering vector linear interpolation penetrated near direction obtains, the real-time of lifting implementation.
Aeronautical satellite array antenna received system measures being oppositely oriented for acquisition by calibration or darkroom under different scenes
Set of vectors is different, and steering vector model module can train different steering vector models.In different steering vector moulds
In type, aeronautical satellite array antenna received system can select one to use, or be melted different model-weights according to scene
It is combined use.Under same scene, by preserving vector, when the present invention supports to add new measurement, re -training is whole
Individual model.
It is lifting digital beam shape 2. array signal statistic hardware computing module is second core of the present invention
Into the key of self-adaptive processing real-time.Array signal sample covariance matrix is one of array signal second-order statistic good
Estimation, the adaptive ability of ARRAY PROCESSING are all from real-time covariance estimation.In order to avoid directly calculate covariance matrix and
Covariance matrix is inverted, and the present invention proposes the second-order statistic of two methods computing array signal, for array process algorithms portion
Divide and use：
The first is the computational methods for being adapted to microprocessor hardware, including counts the matrix P (K) as the first intermediate variable data
With the calculating as the second intermediate variable data vector g (K)：
In formula,HComplex vector or the conjugate transposition of matrix are represented, X (K) is that the array at K moment samples complex base band sampled data, μ
For forgetting factor, and 0 ＜ μ ＜ 1, wherein, both vectorial g (K) and matrix P (K) they are comprising in incoming signal statistical information
Between variable, update optimal weight vector for beamforming algorithm.
Second is the computational methods for being adapted to on-site programmable gate array FPGA to realize, iterates to calculate array signal according to the following formula
Covariance matrix inverse matrix Rinv(K)：
In formula, b=(1- μ)/μ, μ is forgetting factor, Rinv(K) it is the sample for beamforming algorithm calculating best initial weights vector
The inverse matrix of covariance matrix.
3. array signal processing algoritic module is Part III, the steering vector and array provided according to above two parts
The incident direction of satellite-signal, calculates digital beam under signal statistics amount, and the antenna attitude of outside (such as inertial navigation) offer
The best initial weights vector of formation.
When array signal statistic is vectorial g (K) and matrix P (K), for optimal power corresponding to iteration renewal satellite m
Vector operation formula：
In formula, a is steering vector corresponding to the satellite m calculated through steering vector model, and h is channel response vector, and .* is corresponding
The computing of element multiplication, w ' (K) are optimal beam weight vector corresponding to the K moment.Final step is holding ARRAY PROCESSING in above formula
The constant key in signal phase center afterwards.
When array signal statistic is Rinv(K) when, for optimal weight vector calculation formula corresponding to iteration renewal satellite m：
The definition of wherein each variable is identical with first method.
4. Part IV is Wave beam forming module, there are each wave beam corresponding best initial weights to input, according to the weights to defeated
The array data signal entered is weighted synthesis:
yi,n=wi(K)HX(n), (14)
In formula, yi,nFor i-th of wave beam, exported in the digital bea mforming at n moment, wi(K) updated for i-th of wave beam at K times
Best initial weights, X (n) are that the array at n moment samples, and wherein K is not necessarily equal to n, and the renewal rate of generally weight vector is less than battle array
The digital sampling rate of column signal.
Refering to Fig. 2.In flow chart of data processing, processing procedure and the sub-module above of all steps under upper describe
In processing procedure correspond.
The first step is fitted in steering vector model in calibration data, and calibration data is that absolute reference antenna phase responds direction
Figure and relative antenna steering vector, approximating method are the processing of antenna steering vector model part in Fig. 1.
Second step extracts satellite under current array antenna attitude by the input data (such as inertial navigation module) of external module
The azimuth of signal incident direction and the angle of pitch.
3rd step steering vector model module calculates signal guide vector, high-ranking officers according to steering vector model and incident direction
The azimuth of satellite-signal and the angle of pitch bring steering vector in Fig. 1 under quasi- data fitting steering vector model extraction current pose
Entered in the multinomial model or spheric harmonic function model of model, or steering vector model Grid data form according to neighbouring value
Row interpolation, calculate the incident steering vector of the satellite-signal.
4th step array signal processing algoritic module calculates true steering vector according to channel response, is formula (12) and (13)
The first step, be directed to steering vector that vector model is calculated and channel response vector to multiplying.
5th step array signal processing algoritic module associative array signal statistics intermediate variable iterative calculation present satellites letter
Weight vector corresponding to number, it is the third portion in Fig. 1.
6th step phase center is stable to be compensated, and is the final step in formula (12) and (X13), is obtained using steering vector model
Present satellites echo signal accurate steering vector, according to steering vector and weight vector, correct the phase pair of weight vector
Channel response compensates, the phase of signal after accurate control beam forming, realizes the stabilization of the displaced phase center of aerial array, root
According to steering vector and weight vector, the phase of weight vector is corrected.
Wave beam weight is placed in digital beam froming module and carries out Beam synthesis by the 7th step array signal processing algoritic module,
For the 4th part in Fig. 1, into next update cycle, so circulate.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. digital beam froming phase-fitting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：At multichannel array signal Manage in Beam Forming System, utilize multinomial or spheric harmonic function series expansion the Theory Construction steering vector model, steering vector Model is oppositely oriented vector using what on-line calibration obtained, responds to obtain accurately with reference to the absolute phase that reference array element darkroom measures Absolute array steering vector, combine existing definitely steering vector and fit the model parameter of steering vector, day is obtained with this Standby accurate steering vector of the linear array in any incident direction；Array signal statistic hardware computing module calculates in real time works as The inverse matrix of the sample covariance matrix of preceding array signal or the array signal second-order statistic of equivalence are sent into array signal processing Algoritic module, array signal processing algoritic module is according to target satellite posture relative position and the incidence side for receiving satellite-signal To, the absolute steering vector of aerial array is extracted, and channel response is extracted, calculate the optimal power arrow of incident direction satellite-signal Amount；Wave beam weight is finally inserted by digital beam-forming module DBF using beamforming algorithm module, carries out digital beam froming And phase-fitting, multichannel array data and wave beam output are handled in real time.
- 2. digital beam froming phase-fitting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Antenna steering vector model leads to Cross digital beam froming and fine phase fitting is divided into steering vector model, array signal processing algoritic module, digital beam shape Into module DBF and array signal statistic hardware computing module, so as to form at four multichannel array being cross-linked with each other signals Manage Beam Forming System.
- 3. digital beam froming phase-fitting method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：At multichannel array signal Manage in Beam Forming System, steering vector model module receives the response of absolute reference antenna phase and relative antenna steering vector instruction Practice steering vector model；Array signal processing algoritic module will be defended according to the multigroup array antenna posture and satellite number of input The angle of pitch and azimuth are exported into steering vector model corresponding to star signal incident direction, and satellite-signal is absolute corresponding to acquisition Steering vector exports.
- 4. digital beam froming phase-fitting method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Array signal statistic hardware Data signal after computing module samples according to multichannel array signal transacting Beam Forming System prime AD enters the lower change of numeral The multichannel array complex baseband signal of frequency DDC input, iterate to calculate array signal statistic, array signal processing algoritic module With reference to the absolute steering vector in satellite-signal direction and the channel response and array signal statistic of input, multigroup beam weight is calculated Value, wave beam weight input digital beam froming module DBF, digital beam froming module DBF are inputted to above-mentioned prime more logical Channel array complex baseband signal carries out real time beam synthesis, completes multigroup wave beam output.
- 5. digital beam froming phase-fitting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In antenna steering vector model Steering vector model of the array to incoming signal is established in module, when establishing steering vector model, initially sets up antenna coordinate system With the reference array element positioned at the origin of coordinates and the centre frequency of reference array element and normal incidence signal, and by centre frequency and method Reference of the response as whole array steering vector model to incoming signal, normalizes to unit gain and zero phase；In day Particular azimuth and the signal of pitching angular direction incidence under line coordinates system, after antenna array receiver, the amplitude at each array element The vector formed with phase gain, as array steering vector.
- 6. digital beam froming phase-fitting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Steering vector model module will Steering vector is split as the absolute phase response directional diagram of reference array element and array is oppositely oriented vector two parts, wherein, ginseng The absolute phase response directional diagram for examining array element is measured in darkroom, and facing arrays steering vector is measured or opened in darkroom Put and measure to obtain under environment.
- 7. digital beam froming as claimed in claim 1 and phase-fitting method, it is characterised in that：Array signal processing algorithm Module according to steering vector and array signal statistic, and under the antenna attitude that provides of outside inertial navigation satellite-signal incidence side To calculating the best initial weights vector of digital beam froming.
- 8. digital beam froming phase-fitting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Steering vector pattern die root tuber Calculated according to the steering vector model of training gained and the navigation satellite signal incident direction of array signal processing algoritic module input The array steering vector of satellite-signal；Specifically, array signal processing algoritic module extracts the side of satellite-signal under current pose Parallactic angle and the angle of pitch, and the multinomial model or spheric harmonic function model brought into steering vector model, calculate satellite letter Number array steering vector, or bring the azimuth of satellite-signal and the angle of pitch into precalculated according to steering vector model In steering vector form, the array of the satellite-signal is obtained according to the array steering vector interpolation near satellite-signal incident direction Steering vector.
- 9. digital beam froming phase-fitting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Array signal processing algorithm mould Root tuber calculates true steering vector according to channel response, is directed to steering vector and channel response vector that vector model is calculated It is multiplied.
- 10. digital beam froming phase-fitting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Steering vector model obtains The accurate steering vector of current goal satellite-signal, according to steering vector and weight vector, the phase of weight vector is corrected, is realized The phase error introduced to channel response and array process algorithms compensates, the phase of signal after accurate control beam forming, Realize the stabilization of the displaced phase center of aerial array.
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| CN201710405696.XA CN107356943B (en) | 2017-06-01 | 2017-06-01 | Digital beam forming and phase fitting method |
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| CN109239741A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-18 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | The automatic calibration test system of the more array-element antennas of navigation satellite |
| CN109283555A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-29 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | It defends and leads Wave beam forming ways for inference prohibition |
| CN109507698A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-03-22 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | The anti-interference steering vector automatic correction system of satellite navigation |
| CN109633692A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-04-16 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | GNSS navigation satellite signal anti-interference processing method |
| CN110031811A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-07-19 | 成都天奥技术发展有限公司 | The quickly calibrated system of multi-channel wide band signal coherent characteristic |
| CN110034813A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-19 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of directional diagram figuration integration algorithm based on distributed satellites cluster |
| CN111030748A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Digital beam forming terminal device for satellite communication |
| CN111381112A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Phase center far-field calibration method of satellite navigation array antenna |
| CN111464228A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-07-28 | 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 | Multichannel VDES receiving and dispatching preprocessing system based on satellite-borne DBF |
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| CN112887001A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-06-01 | 西北工业大学 | Phase center compensation method based on signal incoming direction |
| CN113176571A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-27 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Satellite-borne SAR real-time digital beam forming method |
| CN113366770A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2021-09-07 | 高通股份有限公司 | Codebook design with differential phase feedback in the frequency domain |
| CN114785426A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-22 | 西安宇飞电子技术有限公司 | Multi-antenna anti-interference method, device, equipment and computer readable storage medium |
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| CN109283555A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-29 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | It defends and leads Wave beam forming ways for inference prohibition |
| CN109507698A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-03-22 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | The anti-interference steering vector automatic correction system of satellite navigation |
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| CN109633692B (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2022-07-08 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | GNSS navigation satellite signal anti-interference processing method |
| CN113366770A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2021-09-07 | 高通股份有限公司 | Codebook design with differential phase feedback in the frequency domain |
| CN113366770B (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2024-01-16 | 高通股份有限公司 | Codebook design with differential phase feedback in the frequency domain |
| CN110034813A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-19 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of directional diagram figuration integration algorithm based on distributed satellites cluster |
| CN110034813B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2021-06-29 | 南京邮电大学 | Pattern shaping comprehensive method based on distributed satellite cluster |
| CN110031811A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-07-19 | 成都天奥技术发展有限公司 | The quickly calibrated system of multi-channel wide band signal coherent characteristic |
| CN111030748A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Digital beam forming terminal device for satellite communication |
| CN111030748B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2021-10-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Digital beam forming terminal device for satellite communication |
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| CN111381112A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Phase center far-field calibration method of satellite navigation array antenna |
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| CN111817766A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-23 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Beam forming method of combined array antenna unit directional diagram |
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| CN114840052A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-08-02 | 西安电子科技大学 | IP core of generalized two-dimensional digital beam forming technology and generation method |
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| CN116086586B (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-06-20 | 中船重工海目测试技术(海南)有限公司 | Ship radiation noise measurement method based on particle swarm optimization array processing |
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