CN107333643A - A kind of resisting drought saving water strong gluten wheat directed cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of resisting drought saving water strong gluten wheat directed cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
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Abstract
The present invention relates to field of wheat breeding, and in particular to a kind of resisting drought saving water strong gluten wheat directed cultivation method.Not only resisting drought saving water protrudes the New Winter Wheat Variety that the method for the invention selects, and quality reaches high-quality strong gluten, and subtracting this upgrading synergy for China's wheat large-scale planting provides new varieties support.The method of the invention is combined by being screened to Quality parents water saving ability, by different water saving classification preparing hybrids, early height is identified for floods and droughts, screens major clique according to weighted score, obtains the strong gluten wheat new varieties of resisting drought saving water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of wheat breeding, and in particular to a kind of resisting drought saving water strong gluten wheat directed cultivation method.
Background technology
Wheat in China plantation develops to scale direction, but cost is high at present, the low China's wheat that turns into of benefit is given birth to
Produce the most prominent obstacle sex chromosome mosaicism of sustainable development.No.1 Central File in 2017《Promote agriculture supply side structural on deep
Reform is accelerated to cultivate some opinions of the agriculture new kinetic energy of rural development》In emphasize to put forth effort to promote agriculture upgrading synergy, enhancing agricultural
The capability of sustainable development, to adapt to national conditions needs, propose to subtract the wheat breeding target of this upgrading synergy.
China is water shortage big country, and as population is continuously increased, economic development and Global climate change, drought and water shortage is increasingly
Seriously, water resource seems precious, and cone of groundwater serious threat our living environment that groundwater mining is formed,
Therefore economize on water extremely urgent.In various water resource utilization ways, agricultural irrigation accounts for total amount 62% or so, and Wheat in Northern is irrigated
Account for agricultural water 50% or so, therefore wheat water saving is particularly critical, the good wheat breed of resisting drought saving water can water, fertilizer, work etc.
Four aspects reduce large-scale planting cost.Wheat water saving not only reduces cost, increases the benefit, and can improve the product of wheat breed
Matter.Not only resisting drought saving water protrudes the New Winter Wheat Variety selected by the inventive method, and quality reaches high-quality strong gluten, both
Large-scale planting cost is reduced, improves planting benefit again, breed breeding theory is provided for China's wheat large-scale planting
With reference to, with reference to winter wheat-summer maize system store moisture in the soil dry farming efficiency cultivation technology for high, realize annual plots whose yield is as high as one ton of grain per, subtract this upgrading synergy.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of resisting drought saving water strong gluten wheat directed cultivation method.The method of the invention passes through
Sieved to the screening of Quality parents water saving ability, by different water saving classification preparing hybrid combinations, early height for floods and droughts identification, according to weighted score
The New Winter Wheat Variety weighing apparatus excellent 18 that major clique selects is selected, not only resisting drought saving water protrudes, and quality reaches high-quality strong gluten, is China
Wheat large-scale planting subtracts this upgrading synergy and provides new varieties support.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of resisting drought saving water strong gluten wheat directed cultivation method, it comprises the following steps：With the strong good quality wheat of water saving ability
The combination of parent's preparing hybrid is done, its water saving ability is identified for floods and droughts by early height, its product is identified by Physiology and biochemistry and molecular indexes
Matter, major clique is screened according to weighted score, screening obtains purpose wheat weighing apparatus excellent 18, and yield is higher than Handan 4589, and the spring pours 1 water per mu yield and reached
More than 400 kilograms, quality is quite or better than ligusticumic excellent 8901；
S1, strong gluten wheat variety germplasm parental line selection：Under the conditions of three kinds of 0 water, 1 water and 2 water different drought stress levels
Plant good quality wheat parent material, emphasis selects that strong drought resistance, yield potentiality be big, the wheat breed germplasm of strengthening tendons, chooses 0 water, 1
The high parent of yield is respectively divided into a classes, b classes, c classes as next step hybrid strain under water and 2 water different drought stress conditions；Its
In under 2 water conditions yield highest material be Puyang 3665, be designated as a classes；Yield highest material is Taiyuan 136 under 1 water condition,
It is designated as b classes；Yield highest material is western Arnold under 0 water condition, is designated as c classes, and 0 water is moisture creating before sowing, and 1 water is to stand up
Water, 2 water are water and the grouting water of standing up；
S2, excellent complementary parent material apolegamy and hybridization：Choose the high strong gluten wheat material a of yield under 0 water drought stress
The class parent c class high with yield under 2 water planting conditions is hybridized, i.e. a × c；Choose the strengthening tendons that yield is high under 0 water drought stress
The wheat lines a classes strong gluten wheat material b class high with yield under 1 water drought stress is hybridized, i.e. a × b；Choose 1 water arid
The high strong gluten wheat material b classes of the lower yield of the stress parent c class high with yield under 2 water planting conditions is hybridized, i.e. b × c；It is logical
Cross step classification and prepare combination, the new good quality wheat progeny material for not only having yielding ability but also having water saving ability can be obtained；By S2
The F1 generation wheat that stage obtained after the hybridization is selfed to obtain F2 for wheat；F2 is selfed to obtain F3 for wheat for wheat lines
Material, into the next step S3 stages；
S3, early water plantation sufficient from generation to generation and advanced lines are restricted water supply to plant and cultivated, and are oriented cultivation, it is high-quality strong to select resisting drought saving water
Muscle new strain of wheat, concrete operations are as follows：
S3.1, it is early planted for F1-F3 for material under high liquid manure, low density condition, emphasis carries out quality to morning for material
Index, yield potentiality detection, and Preliminary Identification is carried out to cold-resistant, resisting drought saving water, the index of quality includes：Protein content >=
13%, gluten index >=80, high-quality molecular labeling focuses on detection 5+10 subunits, and HMW Mai Gu is detected using SDS-PAGE methods
Protein protomer 5+10；Yield potentiality emphasis is that stooling is good, mu spike number >=270,000；Grain number per spike is steady, grain number per spike >=40；Winter resistance
Mainly embodied by winter and the early spring blade situation of enduring cold, blade is 1 grade without freeze injury, and blade tip jaundice of enduring cold is 2 grades, and blade freezes to death one
Half is 3 grades, and it is 4 grades that blade is entirely withered, and plant or most of tiller are freezed to death for 5 grades；This stage resisting drought saving water is by period of earing
Isolated chloroplasts be RWL sizes embody, RWL values are smaller, and drought resistance is better, filter out the index of quality it is up to standard, tool get bumper crops
Property, degeneration-resistant anti-fall material；The stage contributes weight：Protein content >=13% is designated as 5, and protein content ＜ 13% is designated as 1；
Gluten index >=80 are designated as 8, and gluten index ＜ 80 is designated as 1；0.7 is designated as with 5+10 subunits, is designated as without 5+10 subunits
0.4；Mu spike number >=270,000 are designated as 8, and mu spike number ＜ 270,000 is designated as 4；Grain number per spike >=40 are designated as 6, and grain number per spike ＜ 40 is designated as 5；Cold-resistant
Property 1 grade, 2 grades or 3 grades can be selected in next year experiment, it is directly superseded if winter resistance is 4 or 5 grades；Remember drought resistance RWL≤4
0.1 is designated as 0.7, RWL ＞ 4；
S3.2, F4-F7 carried out for wheat lines under two kinds of drought stress conditions of 0 water and 1 water corresponding to Midst density plantation
Identification, under 0 water drought stress conditions, emphasis is selected fecundity, the drought resistance of material；In 1 water drought stress conditions
Under, emphasis is selected material fecundity, water saving ability, grain weight, disease resistance and quality, and wherein the index of quality contains comprising protein
Amount and gluten etc.；The fecundity is embodied by infertile small ear, and the fringe of infertile spikelet number≤10/hundred is preferably；Drought resisting described in this stage
Property water saving ability lower grain yield coerced by different in moisture embodied, grain yield is more than the yield 3% of check variety Handan 4589 preferably；
The stage contributes weight：Under 0 water drought stress conditions, fecundity is good, i.e., the fringe of infertile spikelet number≤10/hundred is designated as 0.8,
Solid sex expression difference, i.e., the infertile fringes of spikelet number ＞ 10/hundred are designated as 0.5；Drought resistance is good, i.e., grain yield exceedes control Handan
4589 yield 3% are designated as 0.8, drought resistance difference, i.e., compared with compareing the yield of Handan 4589, do not increase production or increase production not less than 3% note
For 0.5；Under 1 water drought stress conditions, fecundity is good, i.e., the fringe of infertile spikelet number≤10/hundred is designated as 0.8, fecundity table
Existing poor, i.e., the infertile fringes of spikelet number ＞ 10/hundred are designated as 0.5；Water saving ability is good, i.e., grain yield exceedes the control yield of Handan 4589
3% is designated as 0.8, water saving ability difference, i.e., compared with compareing the yield of Handan 4589, does not increase production or increase production and be designated as 0.5 not less than 3%；Grain
Weight, disease resistance are good, i.e., material, which resists or even is immunized to leaf rust and powdery mildew performance moderate resistance, height, is preferably designated as 0.8, and disease resistance is poor
, i.e., material is designated as 0.5 to sense, high sense in leaf rust and powdery mildew performance for difference；Protein content >=13% is designated as 0.5, egg
White matter content ＜ 13% is designated as 0.1；Gluten index >=80 are designated as 0.8, and gluten index ＜ 80 is designated as 0.1；
S4, ore grade indexes experiment：Under 1 water drought stress conditions, S3 stage field characters and indoor species test performance are chosen
Excellent, the high material of weighted score carries out high density identification, and emphasis is to the resisting drought saving water of material, disease resistance, fecundity, grain
Weight, yield stability are selected, and continue to detect material quality and quality stability；Pay close attention to S3 stage weight indexs product >=
120 material.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1st, resisting drought saving water and high-quality strong gluten breeding objective are made overall plans, and are that wheat large-scale production subtracts from breed breeding angle
This synergy provides new varieties and supported：The wheat breed weighing apparatus excellent 18 selected with this method, the spring pours 1 water, and its maturity period is more conventional than crop field
The generation kind of plantation is compared 2-3 days in advance, is provided more growth times for C4 plant Zea mays, is promoted corn yield increasing, realizes
Anniversary plots whose yield is as high as one ton of grain per, reach grain entirety stable yields；50 sides of saving water resource/mu every year on average, ecological environment was not only safeguarded but also had saved water
The cost such as fertile and artificial；Seed selection is high-quality to improve wheat quality quality, and benefit is added on specific yield.
2nd, it is small to be alternately orientated cultivation resisting drought saving water high-quality strong gluten for early (F1-F3 generations) and advanced lines (F4-F7 generations) floods and droughts from generation to generation
Wheat new varieties：Early water and fertilizer condition high from generation to generation makes the yield potentiality of wheat lines fully be showed, and is easy to the unification of progeny material
Management；Two Water Stress Conditions of advanced lines make the saving water, resisting drought of wheat lines fully be identified.
3rd, parent material apolegamy hybridizing method innovation：Conventional method is exactly that the high-quality strain of shaping is carried out into water saving identification,
It is less efficient；And this parent material apolegamy hybridizing method improves breeding efficiency：Because since parental apolegamy, i.e., according to different
Yield under drought stress processing divides parent material to the class of a, b, c tri-, chooses the good parent's preparing hybrid combination of water saving ability, so as to
So that progeny material saving water, resisting drought begetting power is big, also with high-quality potentiality, it brings out the probability of water saving good quality wheat new varieties and increased
Greatly, breeding efficiency is improved.
4th, breeding introduces points-scoring system, and according to our unit, experience in breeding and experimental studies results, quantization determine wheat for many years
The important selective goal in different generations stage (S3 stages) is to finally realizing the contribution weight of breeding objective：Obtained by final weight
Divide and compare, showed with reference to field character and indoor species test, breeder is more intuitively determined that screening meets breeding objective
Progenies of Wheat material.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of excellent 18 directed cultivation method of resisting drought saving water strong gluten wheat variety weighing apparatus, it comprises the following steps：
S1, high-quality wheat variety germplasm parental line selection：1994, in Hengshui academy of agricultural sciences experimental plot, 37 ° of N, 115 ° of 72 ', E
73 ', height above sea level 20m, if three kinds of 0 water, 1 water and 2 water different drought stress level condition plantation good quality wheat parent materials are Puyang
3665th, western Arnold, excellent 8116,910029-30, Taiyuan 136 amount to 5.Wherein Puyang 3665 is large-grain germplasm, and yield is dived
Power is big, and sufficient storage capacity is provided for offspring's seed；Western Arnold is that the precocious short bar of Mexico is economized on water high-quality wheat variety, baking properties
It is good；Taiyuan 136 is Quality in Bread Wheat Varieties, and protein 12.5%-15.5%, wet gluten content 36%-37%, the Jun Da world are marked
Standard, its drought resistance, yield potentiality, quality are screened, wherein yield highest material is Puyang 3665 under 2 water conditions, note
For a classes；Yield highest material is Taiyuan 136 under 1 water condition, is designated as b classes；Under 0 water condition yield highest material for western Ah
Promise, it is designated as c classes.0 water is moisture creating before sowing, and 1 water is water of standing up, and 2 water are water and the grouting water of standing up；Every 1 water pours
50m3Water/mu.
S2, excellent complementary parent material apolegamy and hybridization：In June, 1994, in the controlled environment chamber, above-mentioned different drought is coerced
Compel the yield highest quality material under processing and press a, b, c classification plantation, and combined by water saving ability classification difference preparing hybrid, such as
Under：A (Puyang 3665) × b (Taiyuan 136), a (Puyang 3665) × c (western Arnold), b (Taiyuan 136) × c (western Arnold).1994
In October in year, F1 generation wheat is combined in the specific cross that phjytotron is prepared, and planted in crop field, obtained June nineteen ninety-five
F2 is for wheat；Above-mentioned F2 is selfed for wheat, F3 is obtained for wheat in June, 1996；F1-F3 refers to S3 ranks for screening wheat
Section.
S3, early generation and advanced lines floods and droughts are alternately orientated cultivation, select resisting drought saving water High gluten wheat new lines, specifically
Operation is as follows：
S3.1,1994 to 1996, by water saving ability classification, specific to prepare obtained cross combination offspring early for F1-F3 generations
Material is in high liquid manure, and the spring pours 2 water, i.e. 100 sides/mu, apply fertilizer purity nitrogen 243.5kg/hm altogether2、P2O5 172.5kg/hm2；It is low close
Degree：I.e. 4 meters rows are grown, 3 cun of program requests, 25cm line-spacings, are planted under conditions of 2.8 ten thousand Basic Seedlings/mu, and emphasis carries out product to morning for material
Matter index and yield potentiality detection, the index of quality include：Protein content >=13%, gluten index >=80, high-quality molecular labeling
Focus on detection 5+10 subunits, hmw glutenin subunit 5+10 is detected using SDS-PAGE methods；Yield potentiality emphasis is point
Tiller is good, mu spike number >=270,000；Grain number per spike is steady, grain number per spike >=40, and winter resistance is mainly endured cold situation by winter and early spring blade
Embody, blade is 1 grade without freeze injury, and blade tip jaundice of enduring cold is 2 grades, and blade freezes to death half for 3 grades, blade it is complete it is withered be 4 grades, plant or
Most of tiller is freezed to death for 5 grades；This stage resisting drought saving water is the big corpusculums of RWL by the isolated chloroplasts in period of earing
Existing, RWL values are smaller, and drought resistance is better.To F3 generations, field character and room are filtered out in 300 offspring's strains of three combinations
Interior species test shows excellent strain 10, efficiency of selection 30：1, specific data and weighted score see the table below 1, table 2 and table 3.Institute
Stating field character includes：Seeding stage, jointing stage, heading stage, florescence, maturity period, the time of infertility, maturity, plant type, fringe shape, awns
Shape, plant height, tiller number, available tillering, spike length, every fringe spikelet number, grain number per spike, lodging resistance；Indoor species test includes：Grain color,
Grain matter, grain size, plumpness, Seed uniformity, mass of 1000 kernel, hardness, gross protein value, wet gluten content, gluten index.Field
Between character and indoor species test with reference to national wheat breed regional testing Recording criteria.Stage weighing apparatus excellent 18 is early to be referred to for material selection
Weight is contributed in target breeding：Protein content >=13% is designated as 5, and protein content ＜ 13% is designated as 1；Gluten index >=80 are designated as
8, gluten index ＜ 80 is designated as 1；0.7 is designated as with 5+10 subunits, 0.4 is designated as without 5+10 subunits；Remember mu spike number >=270,000
For 8, mu spike number ＜ 270,000 is designated as 4；Grain number per spike >=40 are designated as 6, and grain number per spike ＜ 40 is designated as 5；1 grade, 2 grades or 3 grades of winter resistance can
Tested with selected next year, directly eliminated if winter resistance is 4 or 5 grades；Drought resistance RWL≤4 are designated as 0.7, RWL ＞ 4 and are designated as
0.1。
RWL detection methods：8：00-10：00, often processing takes 3-5 pieces topmost to deploy leaf, is quickly charged with plastic closures
Bag, and sack is sealed, it is placed in curling stone and takes back in the laboratory away from experimental plot about 2km.Laboratory keeps constant temperature, wind sheltering, without sun
Light direct beam, testing stand holding are stablized motionless.Leaf sample is taken out out of polybag, dries the moisture that may be speckled with blade rapidly,
Initial (time to) Fresh Yuxincao (IWt) of leaf sample is weighed with 1/1000 electronic balance, after weighing initial weight, leaf sample is placed in experimental bench
Natural dehydration 3h (time t), weighs the weight of the leaf after dehydration (FWt) on gauze.Leaf sample after weighing 80 DEG C of bars in baking oven
Constant weight is dried under part, weighs dry mass (DWt).Isolated chloroplasts RWL=(IWt-FWt)/DWt/ (t1-t0)。
Table 1, S3.1 are early to be showed for material quality index
Table 2, S3.1 are early for material yield index shape and drought resisting sex expression
Table 3, S3.1 are early for material weighted score
S3.2,1997 to 2000, prepare obtained cross combination offspring's Gao Dai F4-F7 materials by water saving ability classification is specific
Material generation is spring watering 0 side/mu and spring watering 50 sides/mu in two kinds of drought stress conditions of 0 water and 1 water, and apply fertilizer purity nitrogen altogether
171kg/hm2、P2O5 172.5kg/hm2, Midst density be 2 cun of program requests, 25cm line-spacings, plant mirror under conditions of 40,000 Basic Seedlings/mu
Fixed, under 0 water drought stress conditions, emphasis is selected fecundity, the drought resistance of material；Under 1 water drought stress conditions,
Emphasis is selected material fecundity, water saving ability, grain weight, disease resistance and quality, wherein the index of quality include protein content,
Gluten and dough silty etc..The fecundity is embodied by infertile small ear, and the fringe of infertile spikelet number≤10/hundred is preferably；This in stage institute
The grain yield stated under drought resistance water saving ability is coerced by different in moisture embodies, and grain yield exceedes the yield of check variety Handan 4589
3% preferably.The stage contributes weight：Under 0 water drought stress conditions, fecundity is good, i.e., the fringe of infertile spikelet number≤10/hundred
0.8 is designated as, solid sex expression difference, i.e., the infertile fringes of spikelet number ＞ 10/hundred are designated as 0.5；Drought resistance is good, i.e., grain yield surpasses
Cross the yield of control Handan 4,589 3% and be designated as 0.8, drought resistance difference, i.e., compared with compareing the yield of Handan 4589, do not increase production or increase production and do not surpass
Cross 3% and be designated as 0.5；Under 1 water drought stress conditions, fecundity is good, i.e., the fringe of infertile spikelet number≤10/hundred is designated as 0.8, knot
Real sex expression difference, i.e., the infertile fringes of spikelet number ＞ 10/hundred are designated as 0.5；Water saving ability is good, i.e., grain yield exceedes control Handan
4589 yield 3% are designated as 0.8, water saving ability difference, i.e., compared with compareing the yield of Handan 4589, do not increase production or increase production not less than 3% note
For 0.5；Grain weight, disease resistance are good, i.e., material leaf rust and powdery mildew are showed moderate resistance, it is high anti-in addition it is immune is preferably designated as 0.8,
Disease resistance difference, i.e., material is designated as 0.5 to sense, high sense in leaf rust and powdery mildew performance for difference；Protein content >=13% is remembered
For 0.5, protein content ＜ 13% is designated as 0.1；Gluten index >=80 are designated as 0.8, and gluten index ＜ 80 is designated as 0.1.2000
F7 is selected in 10 excellent strains that S3.1 is selected for wheat and is met S3.2 requirements, field character and indoor species test performance are excellent
It is different, the excellent strain 2 (9618 and 9620) of weight index product score >=28, efficiency of selection 5：1, advanced clones character table
Now 4, table 5 and table 6 are see the table below with the specific data of weighted score.
Table 4, S3.2 advanced clones spring pour the trait expression of 0 water
Table 5, S3.2 advanced clones spring pour 1 water-based shape and disease-resistant sex expression
The infertile spikelet number, it is to take 100 wheat tassels at random, counts total infertile spikelet number, utilize formula：It is infertile
Spikelet number=total infertile spikelet number/100 are calculated.
Table 6, S3.2 advanced clones weighted scores
S4, ore grade indexes experiment：In 2001 years, under 1 water drought stress conditions, choose S3 stage field characters and interior
Species test performance is excellent, and the field character includes：It is seeding stage, the jointing stage, heading stage, florescence, the maturity period, the time of infertility, ripe
Property, plant type, fringe shape, awns shape, plant height, tiller number, available tillering, spike length, per fringe spikelet number, grain number per spike, lodging resistance；It is indoor
Species test includes：Grain color, grain matter, grain size, plumpness, Seed uniformity, mass of 1000 kernel, hardness, gross protein value, sedimentation value,
Wet gluten content, gluten index, stabilization time.Field character and indoor species test are recorded with reference to national wheat breed regional testing
Standard.The high material of weight index (9618 in table 4 and 9620) carries out producing high density identification, i.e. 220,000 Basic Seedlings/mu, weight
Point is selected the resisting drought saving water of material, disease resistance, fecundity, grain weight, yield stability, and continues to detect material quality and product
Matter stability；Pay close attention to the material (i.e. 9618) of S3 stage weight indexs product=122.304；The weight index product is
Refer to the numerical value that the weighted score multiplication of each stage selective goal is drawn, the product size discloses water saving and is combined most with high-quality
Good Progenies of Wheat strain material.
S5, variety test of lines：Ore grade indexes in step S4 are showed excellent material further carry out resisting drought saving water,
Yield stability and Quality Identification, while carry out economize on water Super quality physiology Indexs measure, Disease Resistance Identification, heat tolerance, winter resistance mirror
It is fixed；AntiG valves DI (Lan Jusheng, Hu Fushun, the Zhang Jingrui that Drought-resistance is proposed using my unit.Drought Resistance Index in Crops
Concept and statistical method.North China agronomy report, 1990,5：20-25), its formula is as follows:
DI=GYS.T 2·GYS.W -1·GYCK.W·(GYCK.T 2)-1In formula：
DI--- antiG valves
GYS.T--- detected materials Stress treatment grain yield (kg)
GYS.W--- detected materials control treatment grain yield (kg)
GYCK.W--- check variety control treatment grain yield (kg)
GYCK.T--- check variety Stress treatment grain yield (kg)
Nowadays the index has included national standard drought resistance of wheat characterization and evaluation technical specification (GB/T21127-2007)
S6, participate in province and the identification of national region adaptability；It is the yielding ability of the regional testing major diagnostic kind, degeneration-resistant
Property, adaptability and quality, and identify yield stability and adaptation of the kind under different cultivation techniques and ecological condition under different year
Property, select and increase production the excellent resisting drought saving water high-quality strong gluten kind of more than 3%, Comprehensive Traits than check variety.
Dry Farming Agriculture Inst., Hebei Prov. Academy of Agriculture and Forestry S is bred as using the technology and has the water saving of certain popularizing area excellent
Matter winter wheat variety weighing apparatus excellent 18 i.e. 9618, through Heilonggang basin water saving group regional testing, authorization number：Wheat is examined in Ji
No. 2004010.Its fringe spindle-type, long awns, white shell, Bai Li, hard, grain number per spike 31, mass of 1000 kernel 37g, 808 g/l of unit weight, resist
It is cold preferable, ripe mutually preferable, 2003,2004 Liang Nian Inst. of Plant Protection, Hebei-Prov. Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Scie anti-disease enzyme results：Bar
3 grades of rust, leaf become rusty 3 grades, 3 grades of white powder.Grain protein 14.6%, sedimentation value 42.5ml, wet gluten 32.3%, water absorption rate
59.8%, the formation time 6.8 divides, and stabilization time 9.6 divides.The kind is the special new type of drought resisting, high yield, a bread with high quality
Kind, there is the characteristics of obvious resisting drought saving water high yield and high quality, 400 kilograms of per mu yield in wheat regional testing of being economized on water in Hebei province；
Production demonstration is with popularization, pouring 400 kilograms or so, up to 450 kilograms of the general per mu yield of 1 water.Weigh excellent 18, the spring pours 1 water, and it is ripe
Phase is compared 2-3 days in advance than the generation kind of crop field general planting, and more growth times are provided for C4 plant Zea mays, is promoted beautiful
Rice volume increase, realizes anniversary plots whose yield is as high as one ton of grain per, reaches grain entirety stable yields.
Weigh excellent 18 estimated benefits：More than 450-500 kgs/acre of 1 water (50 sides/mu) is poured, Wat er benefit improves more than 5%,
Quality reaches strengthening tendons.Accumulative 80,000 mu of popularizing area, 40-50 side/mu of economizing on water, volume increase water-saving and synergistic 60-70 members/mu, increase society's warp newly
More than 5,000,000 yuan of benefit of helping.
Embodiment described above only expresses one or more embodiments of the present invention, and it describes more specific and detailed
Carefully, but the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention therefore can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that the common skill for this area
For art personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to this hair
Bright protection domain.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of resisting drought saving water strong gluten wheat directed cultivation method, it comprises the following steps：Done with the good quality wheat that water saving ability is strong
Parent's preparing hybrid combines, and identifies its water saving ability for floods and droughts by early height, its quality is identified by Physiology and biochemistry and molecular indexes,
Major clique is screened according to weighted score, screening obtains purpose wheat weighing apparatus excellent 18, and yield is higher than Handan 4589, and it is public up to 400 that the spring pours 1 water per mu yield
More than jin, quality is quite or better than ligusticumic excellent 8901；
S1, strong gluten wheat variety germplasm parental line selection：Planted under three kinds of 0 water, 1 water and 2 water different drought stress conditions high-quality
Wheat parent material, emphasis select that strong drought resistance, yield potentiality be big, the wheat breed germplasm of strengthening tendons, choose 0 water, 1 water and 2 water
The high parent of yield is respectively divided into a classes, b classes, c classes as next step hybrid strain under different drought stress conditions；Wherein 2 water bars
Yield highest material is Puyang 3665 under part, is designated as a classes；Yield highest material is Taiyuan 136 under 1 water condition, is designated as b
Class；Yield highest material is western Arnold under 0 water condition, is designated as c classes, and 0 water is moisture creating before sowing, and 1 water is water of standing up, 2
Water is water and the grouting water of standing up；
S2, excellent complementary parent material apolegamy and hybridization：Choose the high strong gluten wheat material a classes and 2 of yield under 0 water drought stress
The high parent's c classes of yield are hybridized under water planting conditions, i.e. a × c；Choose the strong gluten wheat that yield is high under 0 water drought stress
The material a classes strong gluten wheat material b class high with yield under 1 water drought stress is hybridized, i.e. a × b；Choose 1 water drought stress
The high strong gluten wheat material b classes of the lower yield parent c class high with yield under 2 water planting conditions is hybridized, i.e. b × c；By this
Combination is prepared in step classification, can obtain the new good quality wheat progeny material for not only having yielding ability but also having water saving ability；By the S2 stages
The F1 generation wheat obtained after the hybridization is selfed to obtain F2 for wheat；F2 is selfed to obtain F3 for wheat material for wheat lines
Material, into the next step S3 stages；
S3, early water plantation sufficient from generation to generation and advanced lines are restricted water supply and plant alternating, are oriented cultivation, it is small to select resisting drought saving water high-quality strong gluten
Wheat new lines, concrete operations are as follows：
S3.1, it is early planted for F1-F3 for material under high liquid manure, low density condition, emphasis to morning for material carry out the index of quality,
Yield potentiality detects, and carries out Preliminary Identification to cold-resistant, resisting drought saving water, and the index of quality includes：Protein content >=13%, face
Muscle index >=80, high-quality molecular labeling focus on detection 5+10 subunits；Yield potentiality emphasis is that stooling is good, mu spike number >=270,000；
Grain number per spike is steady, grain number per spike >=40；Winter resistance mainly by winter and early spring blade endure cold situation embody, blade without freeze injury be 1 grade,
Blade tip endures cold jaundice as 2 grades, and blade freezes to death half for 3 grades, and it is 4 grades that blade is entirely withered, and plant or most of tiller are freezed to death for 5 grades；
This stage resisting drought saving water is that RWL sizes embody by the isolated chloroplasts in period of earing, and RWL values are smaller, and drought resistance is got over
It is good；The stage contributes weight：Protein content >=13% is designated as 5, and protein content ＜ 13% is designated as 1；Remember gluten index >=80
For 8, gluten index ＜ 80 is designated as 1；0.7 is designated as with 5+10 subunits, 0.4 is designated as without 5+10 subunits；Mu spike number >=270,000
8 are designated as, mu spike number ＜ 270,000 is designated as 4；Grain number per spike >=40 are designated as 6, and grain number per spike ＜ 40 is designated as 5；1 grade, 2 grades or 3 grades of winter resistance can
Tested with selected next year, directly eliminated if winter resistance is 4 or 5 grades；Drought resistance RWL≤4 are designated as 0.7, RWL ＞ 4 and are designated as
0.1；
S3.2, F4-F7 carried out for wheat lines under two kinds of drought stress conditions of 0 water and 1 water corresponding to Midst density field plot test,
Under 0 water drought stress conditions, emphasis is selected fecundity, the drought resistance of material；Under 1 water drought stress conditions, weight
Point is selected material fecundity, water saving ability, grain weight, disease resistance and quality, wherein the index of quality include protein content and
Gluten etc.；The fecundity is embodied by infertile small ear, and the fringe of infertile spikelet number≤10/hundred is preferably；Drought resistance section described in this stage
Grain yield under the water-based stress by different in moisture embodies, and grain yield exceedes check variety yield 3% preferably；The stage contributes
Weight：Under 0 water drought stress conditions, fecundity is good, i.e., the fringe of infertile spikelet number≤10/hundred is designated as 0.8, solid sex expression
Difference, i.e., the infertile fringes of spikelet number ＞ 10/hundred are designated as 0.5；Drought resistance is good, i.e., grain yield exceedes the control yield of Handan 4589
3% is designated as 0.8, drought resistance difference, i.e., compared with compareing the yield of Handan 4589, does not increase production or increase production and be designated as 0.5 not less than 3%；1
Under water drought stress conditions, fecundity is good, i.e., the fringe of infertile spikelet number≤10/hundred is designated as 0.8, solid sex expression difference, i.e.,
The infertile fringes of spikelet number ＞ 10/hundred are designated as 0.5；Water saving ability is good, i.e., grain yield exceedes the control yield of Handan 4,589 3% and is designated as
0.8, water saving ability difference, i.e., compared with compareing the yield of Handan 4589, do not increase production or increase production and be designated as 0.5 not less than 3%；Grain is heavy, disease-resistant
Property it is good, i.e., material leaf rust and powdery mildew are showed moderate resistance, it is high anti-in addition it is immune is preferably designated as 0.8, disease resistance difference, i.e. material
Material is designated as 0.5 to sense, high sense in leaf rust and powdery mildew performance for difference；Protein content >=13% is designated as 0.5, protein content
＜ 13% is designated as 0.1；Gluten index >=80 are designated as 0.8, and gluten index ＜ 80 is designated as 0.1；
S4, ore grade indexes experiment：Under 1 water drought stress conditions, choose S3 stage field characters and indoor species test performance be excellent,
The high material of weighted score carries out high density production identification, emphasis to the resisting drought saving water of material, disease resistance, fecundity, grain weight,
Yield stability is selected, and continues to detect material quality and quality stability；Pay close attention to S3 stage weight indexs product >=120
Material.
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