CN107155070A - The Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind for the LED illumination modulated based on psycho-visual - Google Patents
The Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind for the LED illumination modulated based on psycho-visual Download PDFInfo
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- CN107155070A CN107155070A CN201710371651.5A CN201710371651A CN107155070A CN 107155070 A CN107155070 A CN 107155070A CN 201710371651 A CN201710371651 A CN 201710371651A CN 107155070 A CN107155070 A CN 107155070A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
- H04N23/71—Circuitry for evaluating the brightness variation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
- H04N23/73—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by influencing the exposure time
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
- H04N23/74—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by influencing the scene brightness using illuminating means
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind for the LED illumination modulated based on psycho-visual, including：LED light group, its light projection sent to the anti-body surface taken on the sly；Controller, the input signal for controlling LED light group carries out frequency modulation(PFM) in time domain to the different colours of LED light group, and the shadow for sending the LED light group rings the normal work for equipment of taking on the sly but do not influence the visual experience of human eye.The input signal by controlling LED light group of the invention main, makes it project body surface, on the one hand as the illuminations of object, on the other hand to prevent camera from taking on the sly offer instrument.The present invention can have influence on the normal work of digital camera Rolling shutter, while the visual experience of General Visitors is not influenceed, so as to protect individual privacy or intellectual property by carrying out frequency modulation(PFM) to the different colours of LED in time domain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to media display field, in particular it relates to a kind of material object for the LED illumination modulated based on psycho-visual
Anti-sneak-shooting system, i.e., prevent material object from being taken on the sly by camera using LED light group.
Background technology
In the big data epoch of today, digital camera has turned into a part indispensable during people live, and people utilize
It records the drop in life, shares happy, retains memory.However, when the popularization of digital camera is taken just for the life of people
When victory, some safety problems triggered by digital camera are also increasingly becoming emphasis of concern.With the development of science and technology, number
The size of code-phase machine is less and less, it might even be possible to merge one with other equipment to form a kind of camouflage.Therefore, these are utilized
Camera shoots that some are related to individual privacy or the content of shielded intellectual property has become in the case of unauthorized
May.
For example, global museum all has a headache endlessly how to prevent people from shooting cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution now.
Feel instinct of curiosity for all nouveauts for the mankind, in face of exquisite beyond compare historical relic, many people can be subconsciously
Take out camera or mobile phone records jewellery at the moment, and forget the requirement of " no photo " that shop side is drummed in.Therefore,
In this case, go how research could prevent mankind's instinct of curiosity with it, shooting image is lost not as finding one kind
The method of reserve value.
Also do not prevent relevant technology of taking on the sly with material object in the market, it is close with this, prevent taking on the sly aspect but in video display
There are many researchs and invention, these researchs are handled mainly for film source.Such as Kodak, Technicolor, winged profit
Pu company print encryption technology (CAP) all afraid of water to anti-theft makes larger contribution.This technology mainly adds water in film source
Print, when being taken on the sly using camera, this watermark can be apparent on pirated film, so as to help production company and movie theatre final
The source of pirated film, but for the spectators in movie theatre, their viewing experience is not affected.In addition,
The method for preventing camera to shoot by projecting the sightless infrared light of human eye is also employed, but Jia one before camera lens
Individual filter just can solve this problem.
The process described above can not be applicable for anti-take on the sly of material object, be applicable accordingly, it would be desirable to change thinking there is provided one kind
Property wide Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind.
The content of the invention
For the blank of prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of LED illumination modulated based on psycho-visual
Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind, the emphasis of concern has been transferred to by the system illuminates these illuminators in kind, luminous by changing
Pattern, can effectively protect individual privacy and/or intellectual property.
The present invention passes through certain technological means and changes LED illumination light-emitting mode so that camera shoot these it is in kind when
The artifact of making us uncomfortable can be left in picture, without influence people normally watch these it is in kind when view and admire experience.Solve this
The key for planting conflict is to find the difference of human visual system and digital camera in terms of imaging：On the one hand, for the former
For, it is continuous sampling in time domain, and the latter intermittent must then sample and be completed with reserving certain time interval
The reading link of data, so as to show discreteness；On the other hand, the whole retina of human eye is all continuously receiving light
Bright signal, and for the digital camera (most cameras use such a pattern) using Rolling shutter, it is photosensitive line by line
, there is a small delay time for exposure between row and row.Based on this characteristic, mesh proposed by the present invention just can be realized
's.
According to the purpose of the present invention, there is provided a kind of Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind for the LED illumination modulated based on psycho-visual, bag
Include：
LED light group, its light projection sent to the anti-body surface taken on the sly；
The different colours of LED light group are entered line frequency by controller, the input signal for controlling LED light group in time domain
Modulation, the shadow for sending the LED light group rings the normal work for equipment of taking on the sly but does not influence the visual experience of human eye.
Preferably, the light that the controller controls the LED light group to send carries out intensity cyclically-varying, if LED light group
Input signal cycle be T, with I (i, j) come the photosensitive intensity of representation space each point,For averagely photosensitive intensity, phase is defined
It is the difference divided by average photosensitive intensity of the photosensitive maximum of intensity of spatial points and minimum value to intensity difference D, i.e.,
Obviously, D is bigger, and in the picture being photographed, visual effect is poorer, namely occurs in picture more obvious
Noise image, covers original due content；D value and the equipment time for exposure T that takes on the slye, the cycle T of input signal, with
And dutycycle d is relevant；When the equipment time for exposure of taking on the sly is input signal cycle T integral multiple, D=0, what equipment of taking on the sly was shot
There is no any noise pattern on picture.
Preferably, the LED light group uses high-capacity LED lamp group, such as described high power is not less than 0.5W, can be fine
The instantaneous variation in ground matched signal source, also makes common capture apparatus be difficult to the length of the Frequency Estimation time for exposure according to input signal
It is short, so that T can not be utilizedeIntegral multiple relation can eliminate the method for noise picture to eliminate noise to picture quality between T
Influence.
It is highly preferred that the LED light group selects RGB LED light groups, stronger noise picture can be produced, i.e., except striped
Outside shape noise, also vitta noise can further reduce the mass effect for picture of taking on the sly.
Preferably, the LED light group, its input signal is pulse train, D numerical value can be further increased, so as to produce
Raw more obvious noise pattern.
It is highly preferred that to using pulse train as the LED light group of input signal, equation below is obtained by calculating：
In formulaE [D] is the mathematic expectaion of relative intensity difference, and T is the input signal cycle of LED light group, it is seen that accounted for
Empty more smaller than d, p is smaller, and the degree for occurring noise in the picture that equipment of taking on the sly is obtained is bigger；When d reduces, LED light group
The light intensity sent will weaken, and cause the equipment time for exposure T that takes on the slyeAutomatic enhancing, so that p becomes big.Therefore, actually should
In, d reasonable value scope need to be determined by experiment.
Preferably, the LED light group, its input signal cycle T values are less than 1/60s, make General Visitors in viewing object
When be not felt by the flicker of light.
Preferably, the LED light group, its input signal is pulse train, and its impulse amplitude is A, and dutycycle is d, human eye
The brightness of light that the LED light group perceived is sent is directly proportional to the product Ad of the dutycycle in pulse train and amplitude, because
This, in order to ensure that the object effect that human eye is seen is constant, allows Ad to be a certain constant.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following effects that：
The present invention can be had influence on to take on the sly and be set by carrying out frequency modulation(PFM) to the different colours of LED in time domain
The normal work of standby such as digital camera Rolling shutter, while the visual experience of General Visitors is not influenceed, so as to protect personal hidden
Private or intellectual property.
Used it is pointed out that this technology is not limited only to museum, it can apply to any need and material object is entered
The indoor place of capable protection of taking pictures, including interior are performed, court judgment or other places for needing to protect intellectual property.
Brief description of the drawings
By reading the detailed description made with reference to the following drawings to non-limiting example, further feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon：
Fig. 1 is that one embodiment of the invention digital camera shoots schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is one embodiment of the invention function Fb(x) function relation figure；
Fig. 3 is the horizontal disturbance stripe effect figure that one embodiment of the invention is caused by flash lamp；
Fig. 4 is one embodiment of the invention correlation function figure；
Fig. 5 is the period-density functional arrangement that one embodiment of the invention has multiple color impulse function；
Fig. 6 is the f of three kinds of colors of one embodiment of the inventioncDefinite integral result figure；
Fig. 7 is one embodiment of the invention white lumination system Detection results figure；
Fig. 8 is one embodiment of the invention RGB illuminator Detection results figures；
Fig. 9 is one embodiment of the invention Detection results figure.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will be helpful to the technology of this area
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that to the ordinary skill of this area
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection domain.
The present invention provides a kind of Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind for the LED illumination modulated based on psycho-visual, including：
LED light group, its light projection sent to the anti-body surface taken on the sly；
The different colours of LED light group are entered line frequency by controller, the input signal for controlling LED light group in time domain
Modulation, the shadow for sending the LED light group rings the normal work for equipment of taking on the sly but does not influence the visual experience of human eye.
As described in the content of the invention, the image captured by equipment of taking on the sly such as digital camera can be by a lighting source
(such as the incandescent lamp or LED stroboscopic lamps of a simple Alternating Current Power Supply) is disturbed so that have a series of levels in the image of shooting
Pattern.Maximum difficult point is to ensure that transmitting light is natural and for General Visitors and common in system of the present invention
On the premise of lamp is not different completely, how make it that interference picture is more effective and is more difficult to remove.In addition, because can not
It can know that the Correct exposure parameter for equipment of taking on the sly may not even be aware that whether be that a unwarranted equipment of taking on the sly is being used, prevent
The system of taking on the sly can only be according to very limited amount of information work.Therefore, in the case where similarly configuring, system should be stablized as far as possible
And it may operate in a variety of different scenes.
To achieve the above object, it is necessary to which the input signal to stroboscopic light source is controlled.For purpose of this discussion, it is to be assumed that being clapped
The object taken the photograph is a stifled white wall.For the imaging system of camera, in of short duration time for exposure TeIn, in spatial domain difference
Photosensitive intensity is only dependent upon light source.If making the intensity cyclically-varying of light source, the cycle is T, then due to Rolling shutter be by
Row exposure, the exposure existence time between row and row is poor, therefore, at any time, and the photosensitive intensity do not gone together in space will
Understand difference.With I (i, j) come the photosensitive intensity of representation space each point, it is the photosensitive intensity of spatial points to define relative intensity difference D
The difference of maxima and minima divided by average photosensitive intensity, i.e.,
Obviously, D is bigger, and in the photograph being photographed, visual effect is poorer, namely occurs in picture more obvious
Noise image, covers original due content.
D value and camera exposure time Te, the cycle T of input signal, and dutycycle d are relevant.It is noted that
When the camera exposure time is the integral multiple of input signal cycle, it will be made an uproar just without any on the picture that D=0, i.e. machine are shot
Sound pattern.
The stroboscopic light source that present system is used is high-capacity LED lamp group, and it can in a short period of time realize and light
With extinguish two states switching, so as to be well matched with the instantaneous variation of signal source.On the other hand, due to LED light group
Frequency input signal be adjustable, be fixed (alternating current rather than the flicker frequency of electrically driven (operated) incandescent lamp is commonly exchanged
2 times of frequency), therefore general camera is difficult to the length of the Frequency Estimation time for exposure according to input signal, so as to can not utilize
TeIntegral multiple relation can eliminate the method for noise picture to eliminate influence of the noise to picture quality between T.Further, select
Stronger noise picture can be produced with RGB LED light groups, i.e., in addition to striated noise, also vitta noise can enter one
Step reduces the mass effect for picture of taking on the sly.
The input signal of present system LED light group uses pulse train, and compared to sinusoidal signal, it is in each cycle
Energy more concentrate, so as to further increase D numerical value, so as to produce more obvious noise pattern.To using pulse
Sequence as input signal LED light group, by necessarily can be calculated equation below：
In formulaE [D] is the mathematic expectaion of relative intensity difference.It can be seen that d is smaller, p is smaller, and camera takes what is obtained on the sly
The degree for occurring noise in picture is bigger.However, when d reduces, the light intensity sent of light source will weaken, and cause phase
The time for exposure T of machineeAutomatic enhancing, so that p becomes big.Therefore, in actual applications, d reasonable value scope need to pass through reality
Test determination.
The brightness for the stroboscopic light source that human eye is perceived is directly proportional to the product Ad of the dutycycle in pulse train and amplitude, because
This, in order to ensure that the effect in kind that human eye is seen is constant, it is necessary to allow Ad to be a certain constant.
For the control parameter design aspect of system, there is provided specific embodiment：
The present embodiment drives high-power LED lamp group to need picture to be protected to illuminate by using pulse signal.Due to
The light on and off moment of LED light group occurs, so the intensity of LED light group transmitting light is enough accurately to match drive signal.In order to realize
Desired interference effect, it is usually required mainly for utilize following three control parameter：Impulse amplitude A, cycle T, dutycycle d.
For the pulse period T of the present embodiment, its design is limited to following factor：
Firstly, since in the case of normal brightness, the critical fusion frequency of human visual system (HVS) is about 60Hz, only
Have when flicker frequency exceedes human eye flicker fusion threshold value i.e. about 60Hz, human eye just can not discover the flicker of light source.Cause
This does not make General Visitors experience the flicker of light, the cycle T of pulse when watching in kind in order that light source seems complete stability
It has to be lower than 1/60s.
Secondly, in order to damage the image being taken with interference stripes as much as possible, the pulse period, T should be as far as possible
It is small.It is limited to the readout time T of camerarAnd picture element density, there is T on each impaired imager/ T striped.Therefore,
The flicker cycle T for providing light source and one have the image of interference stripes, just can estimate photograph by counting interference stripes number
The readout time that machine takes a picture.The readout time that can calculate iPhone 6s and 7 by the above method is about 1/
51s and 1/60s.Again because pulse period T be necessarily less than 1/60s could be so that the flicker of lamp can not be identified in human eye, by upper
State at least one complete interference stripes of image that two class iPhone take.
Further, as most of digital single-lens reflex cameras, it is equipped with the camera Rolling shutter of mechanical focal plane shutter
Effect is weaker, and they have identical readout time, but their time for exposure is than the general few 1/400s of camera.If pulse
Cycle T is longer than this time, then as shown in figure 3, the image shot by digital single-lens reflex camera may only have the flat of interference stripes
Smooth part, causes interference with effect undesirable.Therefore in order to prevent digital single-lens reflex camera from taking on the sly, the pulse period, T was necessarily less than 1/
400s。
The 3rd factor of influence pulse period T is the time for exposure T of camerae.As shown in figure 4, on dutycycle and TrWith
Most bright and most dark pixel point the relative expectation produced by light-pulse generator of the ratio of cycle T is poor, relative intensity D expectation E
[Db] it is in TeThe function on dutycycle d with T's under different ratios, as p=0 or Te<Have very big during T, between pixel
E[Db], show interference pattern excellent in this case.If in fact, p+d<1, there are some pixels to be taken
Effect afterwards is complete darkness so that expendable damage is caused to final image, as shown in Figure 2.However, general
Under indoor environment, the time for exposure of camera is generally more than 1/60s.Therefore, the T in application scenarioseProbably exceed pulse week
Phase T.As p >=1, if it is desired to E [Db] exceed threshold value M, then dutycycle d can be tried to achieve by following relationship.
1-M(p+1/2)>d
The present embodiment for stability lifting in terms of, with the popularization of the LED driven by pulse width modulation, some
Camera, such as iPhone7, possess the flicker detection sensor for reducing the interference produced by the LED flashed.If preceding
The pulse period T for stating Anti-sneak-shooting system keeps constant, then camera can detect its frequency easily.As previously discussed, once T
It is known, then camera just can simply adjust time for exposure TeT multiple is become to eliminate interference effect.On solving
Problem is stated, the system changes the pulse period to prevent T from being accurately detected at random by each second in given scope.Due to dodging
The unexpected big change of bright frequency can be received, therefore the amplitude of each mechanical periodicity is restricted to the 20% of original T.It is logical
This method is crossed, human eye can not just tell the transition between different cycles.
Preferably, another improvement mode is to replace white lamp with the LED of RGB color.By using same period but
It is the pulse signal of out of phase to drive each color in three primary colors.As shown in figure 5, RGB illuminators are opened successively
With closing light.Assuming that for any one color, the pulse period is T, dutycycle is d, then overall for whole lamps
Flicker cycle is T/3, and dutycycle is 3d, therefore system light intensity is 3Ad.In order to the light intensity for having phase same level using Bai Dengshi,
More powerful LED or power supply are needed come so that impulse amplitude reaches that 3A or dutycycle reach 3d.But dutycycle reaches 3d
It is poorer for d interference effect than dutycycle.Therefore, the lighting system of many colors can reach preferably relative to white light systems
Interference effect, puts into without extra hardware.
Further, as it was previously stated, pulse period T needs enough short to prevent digital single-lens reflex camera very short reading
Time Tr, but on the other hand, as shown in figure 4, short T also reduces interference effect.RGB illuminators can effectively slow down
This predicament.Because total flicker cycle only has T/3, RGB illuminators compared to the white lumination system that flicker cycle is T,
More interference stripes are generated on the image taken on the sly, therefore with short readout time TrCamera also can be by this kind of dry
Disturb the influence of picture.In addition, except the change of light intensity, RGB illuminators can also produce discoloration effect, as shown in Figure 6.
For the design of the present embodiment, by using the smart mobile phone of several different brands, to test having for the present embodiment
Effect property, Detection results such as Fig. 7.Finally found that, as long as the pulse period is less than 1/70s, the dutycycle d of system can for 30%-
Any value in the range of 70%.
As shown in Figure 8,9, be application present system carry out Detection results, by time domain to the difference of LED
Color carries out frequency modulation(PFM), the normal work of digital camera Rolling shutter can be had influence on, while not influenceing General Visitors
Visual experience, so as to protect individual privacy or intellectual property.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring the substantive content of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind for the LED illumination modulated based on psycho-visual, it is characterised in that：Including：
LED light group, its light projection sent to the anti-body surface taken on the sly；
Controller, the input signal for controlling LED light group carries out frequency modulation(PFM) in time domain to the different colours of LED light group,
The shadow for sending the LED light group rings the normal work for equipment of taking on the sly but does not influence the visual experience of human eye.
2. the Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind of the LED illumination according to claim 1 modulated based on psycho-visual, its feature is existed
In：The light that the controller controls the LED light group to send carries out intensity cyclically-varying, if the input signal week of LED light group
Phase is T, with I (i, j) come the photosensitive intensity of representation space each point,For averagely photosensitive intensity, defining relative intensity difference D is
The difference divided by average photosensitive intensity of the photosensitive maximum of intensity of spatial points and minimum value, i.e.,
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Obviously, D is bigger, and in the picture being photographed, visual effect is poorer, i.e., more obvious noise pattern occurs in picture
Picture, covers original content；D value and the equipment time for exposure T that takes on the slye, the cycle T of input signal, and dutycycle d have
Close；When the equipment time for exposure of taking on the sly is input signal cycle T integral multiple, D=0, equipment of taking on the sly shoot picture on do not have
Any noise pattern.
3. the Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind of the LED illumination according to claim 2 modulated based on psycho-visual, its feature is existed
In：The LED light group, its input signal cycle T values are less than 1/60s.
4. the Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind of the LED illumination according to claim 1 modulated based on psycho-visual, its feature is existed
In：The LED light group uses high-capacity LED lamp group, and the high power is not less than 0.5W.
5. the Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind of the LED illumination according to claim 1 modulated based on psycho-visual, its feature is existed
In：The LED light group selects RGB LED light groups.
6. the Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind of the LED illumination according to claim 1 modulated based on psycho-visual, its feature is existed
In：The LED light group, its input signal is pulse train.
7. the Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind of the LED illumination according to claim 6 modulated based on psycho-visual, its feature is existed
In：To using pulse train as the LED light group of input signal, equation below is obtained by calculating：
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In formulaE [D] is the mathematic expectaion of relative intensity difference, and T is the input signal cycle of LED light group, it is seen that dutycycle
D is smaller, and p is smaller, and the degree for occurring noise in the picture that equipment of taking on the sly is obtained is bigger；When d reduces, LED light group is sent
Light intensity will weaken, cause the equipment time for exposure T that takes on the slyeAutomatic enhancing, so that p becomes big.
8. the Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind of the LED illumination modulated based on psycho-visual according to claim any one of 1-7, its
It is characterised by：The LED light group, its input signal is pulse train, and its impulse amplitude is A, and dutycycle is d, and human eye is perceived
The brightness of light that sends of the LED light group be directly proportional to the product Ad of the dutycycle in pulse train and amplitude.
9. the Anti-sneak-shooting system in kind of the LED illumination according to claim 8 modulated based on psycho-visual, its feature is existed
In：The pulse train, its pulse period is less than 1/70s, and the dutycycle d of system is any value in the range of 30% -70%.
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| CN110277070A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-09-24 | 明基智能科技（上海）有限公司 | Display device and display methods |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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