CN107138706A - Metal liquid filling, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique - Google Patents

Metal liquid filling, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107138706A
CN107138706A CN201710311845.6A CN201710311845A CN107138706A CN 107138706 A CN107138706 A CN 107138706A CN 201710311845 A CN201710311845 A CN 201710311845A CN 107138706 A CN107138706 A CN 107138706A
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China
Prior art keywords
pressure
forging
mould
sliding block
plastic flow
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CN201710311845.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐宏
张新
毛红奎
任霁萍
石阳
张国伟
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North University of China
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North University of China
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/02Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/08Controlling, supervising, e.g. for safety reasons

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of filling of metal liquid, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique, the technique is completed using forging die system, the technique includes:In a Die, liquid or semi-solid-state metal complete to fill type, solidification first under first pressure effect, obtain the blank with formation of parts shape;Applying formed metal after second pressure can force some active modules to produce movement, some die spaces are discharged, while making pre- section of blank realize plastic deformation truly under pressure, formation of parts are finally obtained, wherein, first pressure value is less than second pressure value.

Description

Metal liquid filling, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of filling of metal liquid, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique.
Background technology
Although liquid forging combines conventional cast, the advantage of forging, but still is the shaping based on solidification, therefore with The forging that solid die forging is produced in performance compared to a certain distance is remained, and main cause is that amount of plastic deformation is small, Structural state is not the fine grained texture through deformation.In order to improve the performance of two kinds of forming technique products, some scholars carry in recent years Go out using base is first cast, then carry out common hot forging, this method is only applicable to simple shape part, and main purpose is section About material.
In view of above-mentioned defect, the design people is actively subject to research and innovation, to found a kind of metal liquid filling, modeling Property flowing compound Die Forging technique, make it with more the value in industry.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, being improved it is an object of the invention to provide one kind and accurate control liquid forging product group Knit metal liquid filling, the Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique of performance.
Metal liquid filling of the present invention, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique, for preparing T-shaped part, described technique need to be adopted Completed with T-shaped part formation system, wherein described T-shaped part formation system includes:Forging die mould, pressure control device, the forging Mould mould at least include it is T-shaped into component, it is described T-shaped to include into component:Punch-pin, left cavity plate, right cavity plate and left slider, right cunning Block, presses the hydraulic piston being provided with respectively on described left slider, right sliding block;The described left cunning of the pressure control device control The movement of block, right sliding block, and realize different speed by adjusting the pressure size of pressure control device;
Described technique at least comprises the following steps:
Forging die mould is preheated, and preheating temperature is 250 DEG C ± 10 DEG C;
Placing temperature is determined according to the liquidus temperature of 6061 aluminium alloys, the metal for being melt into liquid phase is poured into accommodating liquid In the cavity of 6061 aluminium alloys, liquid metal liquid fills the vertical cylinder of T-shaped part axis, and liquid is carried out at the first pressure and is filled out Fill, punch pressure, which is less than or equal to, is pressed in left slider, the hydraulic piston on right sliding block, and drift loading velocity is 15mm/s, drift Continue loading drift after pressurize 20s after the completion of loading, 6061 aluminum alloy solidifications under second pressure, make the metal part solidified Described left slider, right sliding block is promoted to be displaced outwardly, described left slider, right sliding block are reached behind setting position, are stopped drift and are added Carry, by be plastically deformed complete two axis horizontals it is not isometrical column part shaping;Wherein, first pressure is less than the second pressure Power.
Further, the forging die mould includes the backing plate that lower template is fixed on by plug screw in lower template, opposed in institute The cavity plate fixed cover on backing plate is stated, the left cavity plate, right cavity plate are connected to the cavity plate and fixed by left flange, right flange respectively Put, the left slider is arranged on the left cavity plate, the right sliding block is arranged on the right sliding block, in described left cunning Press the hydraulic piston being provided with block, right sliding block respectively, described punch-pin and left cavity plate, right female die single-side gap be 0.06 to 0.1mm;
Also include the punch retainer that cope plate is bolted on cope plate, the punch retainer and cope plate Between be provided with convex mould pad.
Further, gradient is provided between cavity plate and cavity plate die sleeve.
Further, pressure control device includes:Fuel tank, hydraulic pump, overflow valve, choke valve, reversal valve and hydraulic cylinder;Open After dynamic, by the pressure of throttle valve adjustment oil pressure, oil cylinder piston movement is driven with differently speed, continued until meeting forcing press Untill stroke after pressure, pressure control device is controlled left and right two sliding blocks by two oil cylinders.
Further, in addition to fixed connection apparatus, the fixed connection apparatus includes:The retainer ring that parallel spacing is set And shift(ing) ring, described retainer ring, shift(ing) ring be connected with two guide pillars, and the guide pillar is provided with screw thread, the shift(ing) ring The guide pillar below the screw thread for being provided with and coordinating in screw thread on the guide pillar in guide pin bushing, the guide pin bushing, the guide pin bushing is arranged with to be provided with Nut, described shift(ing) ring is got up by two threaded guide pillars and nut support, the hydraulic cylinder of the pressure control device It is arranged on the shift(ing) ring, the shift(ing) ring by threaded adjusting height, can control center and the forging die mould of hydraulic cylinder The center of left and right sliding block is in same level height.
Further, T-shaped part formation system also includes:Hydraulic press, heating furnace, temperature controller, temperature of silicon controlled rectifier instrument;Using can Controlling temperature instrument and open type heating furnace are as heating fusing metal, and the power of open type heating furnace is 10kw, and temperature sensor material is Nickel chromium triangle-nickel silicon alloy, using 4 Resistant heating moulds;Install porcelain tube, and the parcel fire resisting in heating additional inside and outside resistance wire Asbestos material reduces the heat exchange of mould and environment;Using the temperature of XMT-101 temperature digital display controller unit Measurement dies, temperature The measurement range for spending control device is 1-1300 degrees Celsius, and error is less than or equal to 1 degree Celsius;Coil voltage 380V, it is possible to achieve Overvoltage and overcurrent protection;The hydraulic press is 2000KN liquid-state die forging hydraulic press.
Further, the forging die mould is lubricated using machine oil graphitic lubricant, is 5% by mass fraction Graphite powder is added in the machine oil that mass fraction is 95%, with spray gun spraying on mold cavity surface, its thickness after uniform stirring For 0.05-0.1mm.
Further, the first pressure is 10MPa, 20MPa or 30MPa;The T-shaped material into component is 5CrNiMo。
Further, in addition to T-shaped part is solid-solubilized in 525 DEG C of temperature and has been incubated 2 hours, quenched after taking-up, then 175 DEG C timeliness 8 hours, hardness test is carried out to the T-shaped part.
By such scheme, metal liquid filling of the present invention, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique at least have advantages below:
In a Die, liquid metal completes to fill type, solidification first under the effect of lower pressure, obtain with The close blank of formation of parts shape;Continuing to increase formed metal after pressure can force some active modules to produce movement, release Some die spaces are released, while making pre- section of blank realize plastic deformation truly under pressure, are finally obtained Obtain formation of parts.This technology, to improving and accurately controlling liquid and semisolid die forging product structure property significant, is vapour Car lightweight and heavy-duty machinery, weaponry provide efficient, energy-conservation a near-net-shape using the articles made of aluminium alloy of lightweight 6061 Technology based theoretical.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention, And can be practiced according to the content of specification, below with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and coordinate accompanying drawing describe in detail as after.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of stamp forging mould of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of pressure control device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of fixed connection apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is hardness-position curve of the invention not under homonymy cylinder pressure;
1- cope plates;2- convex mould pads;3- punch-pin;4- punch retainers;5th, 10,17- bolts;6th, the left and right cavity plates of 9-; 7th, the left and right sliding blocks of 13-;8th, 11- left and right flanges;12- hydraulic pistons;14- cavity plate fixed covers;15- backing plates;16- lower templates;21- Fuel tank;22- hydraulic pumps;23- overflow valves;24- choke valves;25- reversal valves;26- hydraulic cylinders;31- shift(ing) rings;32- guide pillars;33- Guide pin bushing;35- retainer rings;36- nuts;37- rotation stops pin is determined.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the embodiment to the present invention is described in further detail.Implement below Example is used to illustrate the present invention, but is not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, a kind of metal liquid filling described in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Plastic Flow compound die Forging process, technique includes:In a Die, liquid or semi-solid-state metal complete to fill under first pressure effect first Type, solidification, obtain the blank with formation of parts shape;Applying formed metal after second pressure can force some active modules to produce Raw movement, discharges some die spaces, while the plasticity for making pre- section of blank and realizing under pressure truly becomes Shape, finally obtains formation of parts, wherein, first pressure value is less than second pressure value.
The simple T-piece of the present embodiment selected shape is as the typical parts of integrated die forging, and liquid or semisolid fill axle The vertical cylinder of line, two waney column parts of axis horizontal are by plastic deformation after added metal solidification Into.Liquid is completed during integral forming or semisolid filling completes plastic deformation again, so will to building mortion Ask higher, it is more complicated.
The present embodiment integration die forging system, including three major parts:Mould part, pressure control device, fixed company Connection device.Mould part is the main body of building mortion;Pressure control device controls the movement of movable slider, and is pressed by adjusting it Power size realizes different speed;Fixed connection apparatus is to connect mould and pressure control device and make mould active type Core is matched properly with hydraulic cylinder.
The main points of mold design are as follows:
(1) in the mold materials liquid and semisolid die forging forming process of formation of parts, formation of parts connects with molten metal Touch, to absorb substantial amounts of heat, it is thus possible to because temperature is too high and causes intensity decreases, this material for requiring to select has Certain intensity, heat resistance and corrosion resistance.Appropriate heat treatment is carried out to mould steel to improve hardness, if hardness is not enough, mould Tool may be damaged.This experiment formation of parts selects 5CrNiMo.
(2) convex, recessed clearance of touching will be suitably.Concave, convex gap is too small, can be because of punch-pin and the rigging error of cavity plate generation Collide or bite;Excessive, 6061 molten aluminium alloy can then be sprayed by die clearance, 1. cause danger, 2. produce longitudinal overlap, Reduce pressure effect, 3. hinder moving down for drift, build-up of pressure loss makes forging's block dimension not enough, and aggravates mould damage, makes Gap is bigger, causes vicious circle.It is that 0.06-0.1mm is more suitable according to the unilateral gap of practical production experience.
(3) demolding structure can not directly eject product because the shape of part is limited using push rod, but need first to eject Combined die, then combined die is opened take out forging part.Cavity plate is taken out for convenience simultaneously, in cavity plate and cavity plate die sleeve Between need to design certain gradient.
(4) exhaust molten metal in itself and pours into during die cavity and will carry some gases secretly, if these gases are not arranged Die cavity, can hinder metal to fill type, and causing to wrap up in gas, outer surface inside forging has bubble depression, has a strong impact on the quality mould of product.One As under situation, mould will set steam vent.This experiment is no but sets steam vent, but utilizes and pass through clearance between matrix and punch by gas Discharge.
T-piece shaping dies operation principle:In shaping, molten metal is poured into combined die first, less Liquid underfill is carried out under the pressure of drift 3, metal gradually solidifies in filling.Now, hydraulic press is less than or equal to the power of drift Control pressure outside movable slider, so sliding block is remained stationary as, black region is applied in die cavity holding figure.Continue intensified pressure, metal Blank increases the pressure of movable slider, gradually more than control pressure outside movable slider, and the metal of formed part will be promoted Sliding block 6,13 is displaced outwardly, and cavity shape produces change, and cavity space becomes big, and the cylinder (φ 50) for now filling formation is produced Compressive plastic deformation, two horizontal columns (φ 20, φ 30) squeeze sub- shearing large plastometric set by variable diameter angle and formed.
In the present embodiment, (1) changes the control mode of moving core.Original design realizes control using spring, operationally, One it is possible that failure and pressure increase with core displacement;Two be that control pressure is small;Three are spring element and install annex Space-consuming is big, and can not obtain big core amount of movement, to realize die size can be made to become very big, therefore can design A set of hydraulic system replaces original spring.
(2) increase gradient is to reduce the contact area of cavity plate and die sleeve on the outside of cavity plate, and with positioning finger setting, to control The formation of overlap, and play a part of reducing the ejection resistance after shaping.
Pressure control device is made up of fuel tank, hydraulic pump, overflow valve, choke valve, six parts of reversal valve and hydraulic cylinder, figure 2 be its schematic diagram.After hydraulic system starts, by the pressure of throttle valve adjustment oil pressure, oil cylinder piston is driven with differently speed It is mobile, untill meeting the stroke after forcing press continues to press.This set system is controlled left and right two cunnings by two oil cylinders Block, because the right and left face of cylinder diameter is different, suffered pressure is also different, and we can be increased by this set system More experimental condition changes, so as to more fully be studied integrated swaging technique.
In order to fixed and connection take over a job movable slider control oil hydraulic cylinder with die design auxiliary equipment, as shown in Fig. 3 's.This set auxiliary equipment is made up of two inner and outer diameter identical large circles, by two threaded guide pillars and nut support Get up.Annulus above can highly make the center of the center of control cylinder and mould movable slider same by threaded adjusting One level height.Oil hydraulic cylinder is secured on the annulus that this can be moved up and down.
The checking of the T-shaped part structure property of the present invention is carried out by taking 6061 aluminium alloys as an example.
Density and hardness test is carried out to it in T-shaped 5 point interception 10mm × 10mm × 15mm of part sample.1 point is straight The contact jaw of footpath 30mm sliding blocks, 2 points are the end face with diameter 20mm shoe contacts, and 3 points and 4 points are respectively two various sizes of Corner, 5 points are the upper surface with punch. contact.
Microstructure conclusion:The influence that the pattern and size of crystal grain are under pressure with deformation direction, near crystal boundary and portion Divide the pointing object that some black are occurred in that at crystal grain, these pointing object are some precipitated phases, due to Mg in 6061 aluminium alloys Content is higher, so containing more Mg2Si phases.
Liquid fills forging part density measurement result and analysis
The density of forging is substantially uniform, but there are still certain regularity of distribution:1st, 5 points are and shoe contact position density It is relatively low, because being the fore-end of extrusion φ 30mm and φ 20mm cylinders, plastic deformation is not participated in during extrusion, is Solidified structure in the case of pressure is smaller in filling, so tissue is more loose;2nd, 4 points take part in positioned at corner metal and cut Plastic deformation is cut, density is larger;With main punch. contact position 3, the pressure being subject to is big, similar Upsetting, so material is relatively caused It is close;Corner is the pressure for having upper metal to transmit, and by the pressure of the both sides obstruction of frozen metal and oil cylinder, density value It is larger.The change of side cylinder pressure is to 1,3,5 points of affecting laws it is unobvious, but can see the real density of corner and be in pressure The trend now increased.
The not real density (g/cm3) of homonymy cylinder pressure
Hardness test
First by forging part carry out solid solution+artificial aging T6 be heat-treated, be solid-solubilized in 525 DEG C of temperature be incubated it is 2 small When, quenched after taking-up, then in 175 DEG C of timeliness 8 hours.
(1) liquid filling forging part hardness test result following table is test force 100N, pressurize 15s Hardness Measurement Results. From the point of view of the result of measurement, hardness is similar to Density Distribution variation tendency, and it is to influence the weight of material mechanical performance to illustrate consistency Want one of factor.Side cylinder pressure is nearly free from influence on the position with punch. contact, and the hardness number of 1,2,4,5 positions with Increased trend is presented in the increase for surveying cylinder pressure.Because corner generates certain plastic deformation, so this is in whole system Part takes hardness number in a position maximum, particularly smaller diameter end corner, is to understand plastic deformation degree here by metallograph It is maximum, is coincide substantially with hardness test result.1st, 3,5 points of hardness number is relatively low, because several places of this in shaping are actual On be that solidification under certain pressure is formed, the result of this and density measure is also consistent.
Hardness test result
The mechanical property of integrated forging part:Liquid filling method forging part mechanical property is obtained to see the table below.
Liquid fills the mechanical property of forging part
Compared with 6061 typical mechanical properties, it is seen that the performance of forging part has all reached the effect of plastic deformation, and liquid is filled The mechanical property of mold filling forging is suitable with traditional performance.
There is plasticity in forging part in density, the hardness distribution uniform of integrated forging part, forging part microstructure observation Deformation structure, the mechanical property of liquid filling respectively reaches and exceeded the performance indications of conventional 6061 forging, it was demonstrated that integration Die forging is feasible, there is application value.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is noted that for this skill For the those of ordinary skill in art field, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, can also make it is some improvement and Modification, these improvement and modification also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of metal liquid filling, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique, for preparing T-shaped part, it is characterised in that described work Skill need to be completed using T-shaped part formation system, wherein described T-shaped part formation system includes:Forging die mould, pressure control device, The forging die mould at least include it is T-shaped into component, it is described T-shaped to include into component:Punch-pin, left cavity plate, right cavity plate and left slider, Right sliding block, presses the hydraulic piston being provided with respectively on described left slider, right sliding block;Described in the pressure control device control The movement of left slider, right sliding block, and realize different speed by adjusting the pressure size of pressure control device;
Described technique at least comprises the following steps:
Forging die mould is preheated, and preheating temperature is 250 DEG C ± 10 DEG C;
Placing temperature is determined according to the liquidus temperature of 6061 aluminium alloys, the metal for being melt into liquid phase is poured into the accommodating aluminium of liquid 6061 In the cavity of alloy, liquid metal liquid fills the vertical cylinder of T-shaped part axis, and liquid underfill is carried out at the first pressure, rushes Head pressure, which is less than or equal to, is pressed in left slider, the hydraulic piston on right sliding block, and drift loading velocity is 15mm/s, and drift has been loaded Into rear pressurize 20s, continue loading drift after 6061 aluminum alloy solidifications under second pressure, the metal part solidified is promoted institute Left slider, the right sliding block stated are displaced outwardly, and described left slider, right sliding block are reached behind setting position, are stopped drift loading, are passed through Plastic deformation completes the shaping of two axis horizontals column part not isometrically;Wherein, first pressure is less than second pressure.
2. metal liquid filling according to claim 1, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique, it is characterised in that the forging Mould mould includes the backing plate that lower template is fixed on by plug screw in lower template, the opposed cavity plate fixed cover on the backing plate, institute State left cavity plate, right cavity plate to be connected on the cavity plate fixed cover by left flange, right flange respectively, the left slider is arranged on institute State on left cavity plate, the right sliding block is arranged on the right sliding block, press the liquid being provided with respectively on described left slider, right sliding block Piston is pressed, described punch-pin and left cavity plate, right female die single-side gap is 0.06 to 0.1mm;
Also include the punch retainer that cope plate is bolted on cope plate, between the punch retainer and cope plate Provided with convex mould pad.
3. metal liquid filling according to claim 2, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique, it is characterised in that in cavity plate Gradient is provided between cavity plate die sleeve.
4. metal liquid filling according to claim 1, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique, it is characterised in that pressure control Device processed includes:Fuel tank, hydraulic pump, overflow valve, choke valve, reversal valve and hydraulic cylinder;After startup, pass through throttle valve adjustment oil pressure Pressure, with differently speed drive oil cylinder piston movement, until meet forcing press continue press after stroke untill, pressure control Device processed is controlled left and right two sliding blocks by two oil cylinders.
5. metal liquid filling according to claim 4, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique, it is characterised in that also include Fixed connection apparatus, the fixed connection apparatus includes:Retainer ring and shift(ing) ring that parallel spacing is set, described retainer ring, Shift(ing) ring is connected with two guide pillars, and the guide pillar is provided with to be arranged with guide pin bushing, the guide pin bushing on screw thread, the shift(ing) ring and set There is the guide pillar below the screw thread coordinated in screw thread on the guide pillar, the guide pin bushing to be provided with nut, described shift(ing) ring passes through two The threaded guide pillar of root and nut support are got up, and the hydraulic cylinder of the pressure control device is arranged on the shift(ing) ring, described Shift(ing) ring can control the center of hydraulic cylinder and the center of the left and right sliding block of forging die mould in same water by threaded adjusting height Flat height.
6. metal liquid according to claim 5 filling, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique, it is characterised in that T-shaped part into Type system also includes:Hydraulic press, heating furnace, temperature controller, temperature of silicon controlled rectifier instrument;Using controllable temperature instrument and open type heating furnace as Fusing metal is heated, the power of open type heating furnace is 10kw, and temperature sensor material is nickel chromium triangle-nickel silicon alloy, using 4 resistance Silk heating mould;Install porcelain tube additional inside and outside resistance wire, and wrap up the asbestos material of fire resisting to reduce mould and environment in heating Heat exchange;Using the temperature of XMT-101 temperature digital display controller unit Measurement dies, the measurement range of temperature control equipment is 1- 1300 degrees Celsius, error is less than or equal to 1 degree Celsius;Coil voltage 380V, it is possible to achieve overvoltage and overcurrent protection;The liquid Press is 2000KN liquid-state die forging hydraulic press.
7. metal liquid filling according to claim 1, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique, it is characterised in that use machine Oily graphitic lubricant is lubricated to the forging die mould, and the graphite powder for being 5% by mass fraction is added to mass fraction and is In 95% machine oil, with spray gun spraying on mold cavity surface after uniform stirring, its thickness is 0.05-0.1mm.
8. metal liquid according to claim 1 filling, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique, it is characterised in that described the One pressure is 10MPa, 20MPa or 30MPa;The T-shaped material into component is 5CrNiMo.
9. metal liquid filling according to claim 1, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique, it is characterised in that also include T-shaped part is solid-solubilized in 525 DEG C of temperature and has been incubated 2 hours, is quenched after taking-up, then in 175 DEG C of timeliness 8 hours, to the T-shaped part Carry out hardness test.
CN201710311845.6A 2017-04-13 2017-05-05 Metal liquid filling, Plastic Flow compound Die Forging technique Pending CN107138706A (en)

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CN201710239826 2017-04-13

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Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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JP3167854B2 (en) * 1993-12-28 2001-05-21 株式会社豊田中央研究所 Pressure casting method and pressure casting apparatus for aluminum alloy
CN101693291A (en) * 2009-10-15 2010-04-14 重庆工商大学 Metal material forming die
CN103990775A (en) * 2014-06-06 2014-08-20 支前明 Metal extruding, casting and forging forming method and products of method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS51126330A (en) * 1975-04-28 1976-11-04 Kobe Steel Ltd Direct forging method
JPH02229660A (en) * 1989-03-02 1990-09-12 Toshiba Mach Co Ltd Method and device for pressure casting
JP3167854B2 (en) * 1993-12-28 2001-05-21 株式会社豊田中央研究所 Pressure casting method and pressure casting apparatus for aluminum alloy
CN101693291A (en) * 2009-10-15 2010-04-14 重庆工商大学 Metal material forming die
CN103990775A (en) * 2014-06-06 2014-08-20 支前明 Metal extruding, casting and forging forming method and products of method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
厉声树: "《精密铸造》", 30 September 1962 *
秦晋: "铝合金T型件半固态填充-塑性流动一体化模锻研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 *

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