CN107071911B - Virtual cell carrier allocation method based on maximum SNR - Google Patents

Virtual cell carrier allocation method based on maximum SNR Download PDF

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CN107071911B
CN107071911B CN201710231174.2A CN201710231174A CN107071911B CN 107071911 B CN107071911 B CN 107071911B CN 201710231174 A CN201710231174 A CN 201710231174A CN 107071911 B CN107071911 B CN 107071911B
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virtual cell
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omega
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CN107071911A (en
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谭国平
郗文胜
王凯
李岳衡
居美艳
李旭杰
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Hohai University HHU
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/52—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/53—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on regulatory allocation policies

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a virtual cell carrier allocation method based on maximum SNR, which comprises the steps of determining an initial service virtual cell, judging whether the initial service virtual cell belongs to the existing virtual cell, if not, determining a target carrier, calculating a cell base station set which uses the target carrier to serve the existing virtual cell, judging the signal to noise ratio, and selecting the target carrier. The method of the invention enables the small base station with better service quality to quit some original virtual cells through mutual cooperation among the virtual cells, and uses the corresponding component carrier to serve the user in the newly added virtual cell. The invention can improve the signal receiving quality of the edge user and the average spectrum efficiency of the system, and increases the capacity of the system.

Description

Virtual cell carrier allocation method based on maximum SNR
Technical Field
The invention relates to a virtual cell carrier allocation method based on maximum SNR, belonging to the technical field of mobile communication.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid popularization of intelligent terminals, the data usage of mobile networks has been in an explosive growth situation. The rapid growth of mobile data traffic has made the conflict between the inherently limited wireless network resources and the rapidly expanding user demand increasingly prominent. Obviously, the third generation mobile communication network is difficult to meet the requirements of people today due to its limitations in system capacity, transmission rate, etc., so that various measures need to be taken to adjust and improve to cope with the impact of large data traffic.
With the continuous evolution of LTE-Advanced, the deployment of small base stations is very dense, and the distance between the small base stations can reach 10 meters or even less, so that an ultra-dense network is formed. In an ultra-dense network, the distance between small base stations becomes very small, interference signals are comparable to useful signal strength, and interference on users is very serious. In addition, in a very dense network, since the number of small base stations is large and the radius of a cell is small, handover between cells caused by user movement becomes very frequent. A large amount of handover signaling will cause congestion of messages in the network, and data transmission of users will be greatly affected, resulting in reduced network performance. To solve these problems in the ultra-dense network, virtual cell technology has been proposed. A user selects a plurality of small base stations meeting the conditions to form a cell cluster according to the own requirements, the cell cluster is a virtual cell providing services for the user, and the virtual cell adopts a hierarchical structure with a control plane and a user plane separated. When a user moves in a network, new small base stations are continuously added into the virtual cell, and meanwhile, some small base stations are withdrawn from the virtual cell, so that the user is ensured to be always positioned in the center of the virtual cell, and the optimal service is obtained. In an ultra-dense network using a virtual cell technology, since reduction of inter-site distances brings about problems different from those of the conventional system, the conventional technologies such as interference management and resource allocation cannot be directly applied to such a network. Therefore, the technical problem of resource allocation for UDN scenarios will be one of the important contents of future wireless network research.
The LTE-Advanced system adopts a carrier aggregation technology, and can meet the requirement of the transmission bandwidth of maximum 100 MHz. Carrier aggregation is the aggregation of 2 or more Component Carriers (CCs) together to form a larger bandwidth to support a higher data transmission rate. An LTE-Advanced system supports aggregation of at most 5 CCs, each base station selects one CC as a Primary Component Carrier (PCC), and the PCC carries signaling interaction when User Equipment (UE) is initially accessed, and is used for establishing Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection between the base station and the UE and providing full coverage of a cell; when the user terminal has a large demand for data traffic and cannot meet the current traffic demand only by means of PCC, the small cell selects an additional Component Carrier, called a Secondary Component Carrier (SCC), according to the interference condition, where the SCC is mainly used for data transmission. The selection of the CC directly influences the overall performance of the system, and the small base station can select the CC for working by itself according to the interference relationship with the neighbor base station so as to reduce the interference. In a network with densely deployed small base stations, a centralized control resource allocation algorithm causes larger signaling overhead and execution complexity along with the increase of the number of base stations, so that it is necessary to research a resource allocation algorithm suitable for an ultra-dense network to improve the overall performance of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide a virtual cell carrier allocation method based on the maximum SNR, which solves the problems of low signal receiving quality of edge users and low average spectrum efficiency of the system.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a virtual cell carrier allocation method based on maximum SNR, which comprises the following steps:
1) user n determines its own initial serving virtual cell omegan；
2) Check omeganWhether it is omega of a certain existing virtual cellsIf a subset ofThen the angle omegasVirtual cell Ω as user nnThen entering the step 3), or entering the next step;
3) selecting omeganThe CC with the least number of uses is taken as the target CC, which is marked as CC, and if CC is NULL and NULL refers to CC that does not meet the condition, the user n selects ΩnOne virtual cell with the least users in the virtual cell in which the small base station with the largest signal-to-noise ratio is located is used as the own virtual cell, and omega is usedmRepresenting, then reselecting CC, otherwise, entering the next step;
4) calculate ΩnSet of small base stations C serving other virtual cells using CCsn＝{m1,m2,...mt}，miI is 1,2 … t represents a small base station in the set, and t represents ΩnThe number of small base stations using CC to serve other virtual cells; if it isThe user virtual cell is omeganEnding the program, otherwise, entering the step 5);
5) determining SNRi,n-SNRi,jIf > delta is true or not, then,
if yes, the small base station miExit from the virtual cell omegajUsing CC of omeganServing, otherwise small base station miExit from omeganAnd continuously stay in the original virtual cell omegajPerforming the following steps;
wherein the SNRi,nRepresents omeganUser n receives small base station miSignal to noise ratio, SNRi,jRepresents a virtual cell omegajSmall base station m received by user j iniSignal to noise ratio of omegajIs divided by omega served by small base station using CCnDelta is a fixed constant for the outer virtual cells;
6) update omeganIs a virtual cell of the user.
Step 1) above, the user n determines its own initial serving virtual cell ΩnThe method comprises the following steps:
by SNRm,nRepresenting the signal-to-noise ratio, SNR, received by user n from small base station m0,nIndicating the maximum value therein, i.e. SNR0,n＝max{SNRm,nThen all the small base stations satisfying the formula (1) form the initial serving virtual cell Ω of the user nn：
Ωn＝{m|SNR0,n－SNRm,n≤SNRThr} (1)
Wherein the SNRThrIs a set threshold value of the signal-to-noise ratio.
In the foregoing step 3), when the number of CCs with the smallest number of times of use is greater than 1, the CC with the smallest uplink interference is selected as the CC.
The foregoing is in the virtual cell ΩnAfter the carrier selection is completed, the CC use condition and the resource allocation information are updated and the surrounding virtual cells are informed.
The aforesaid assumes that user n has selected PCC, the set of small base stations that need cooperation can be selected by means of the user measurement report, constituting the initial serving virtual cell of user n.
If there is a small cell in the initial serving virtual cell of the user n that already uses the target CC to serve other virtual cells, the corresponding virtual cell may be requested to release the small cell, so that the small cell uses the target CC to serve the user n.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention enables the small base station with better service quality to quit some original virtual cells through the mutual cooperation among the virtual cells, and uses the corresponding CC to serve the user in the newly added virtual cell. Simulation shows that the method can improve the signal receiving quality of the edge user and the average spectrum efficiency of the system, and increase the capacity of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a maximum SNR based virtual cell carrier allocation method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a virtual cell CC allocation;
fig. 3 is a list of subscriber serving base stations.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The Maximum SNR based virtual cell Carrier Allocation (CAMS) standard is now described as follows:
(1) the user r selects the initial serving small base station according to equation (1), if the set of small base stations is the virtual cell Ω of the user ssThen r and s are located in the same virtual cell omegas。
(2) Each small base station in one virtual cell uses the same CC to provide service for users in the virtual cell.
(3) If the small base station m is to serve users of different virtual cells, for a certain CC, the small base station always uses the CC to serve the user with the strongest signal. For example, assume that the small base station m is simultaneously located in the virtual cell ΩpAnd ΩqIn, note virtual cell omegapThe signal-to-noise ratio of the user p in the middle to the small base station m is SNRm,pVirtual cell omegaqThe signal-to-noise ratio of the user q in the middle to the small base station m is SNRm,qIf SNRm,p-SNRm,qIf delta is greater than delta (delta is a fixed constant), the small base station m exits the virtual cell omegaqUser p is served using the corresponding CC.
Assuming that user n has selected PCC, it is able to select the set of small base stations that need to cooperate, i.e. the initial serving virtual cell of user n, by means of the user measurement report, and then determine an additional CC, referred to as a target CC in the present algorithm, for data transmission of this virtual cell. If there is a cell i in the initial virtual cell of the user n that has already served other virtual cells using the target CC, the corresponding virtual cell may be requested to release the cell i according to the condition, so that the base station uses the target CC to serve the user n.
As shown in fig. 1, the virtual cell carrier allocation method based on maximum SNR of the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1, user n determines own initial service virtual cell omeganThe method comprises the following steps:
in an LTE-Advanced network, it is assumed that the number of available CCs is K, the set of all small base stations is Φ, the total number of small base stations M ═ Φ |, the set of users is Ψ, the total number of users N ═ Ψ |, and the positions of the small base stations M (M ∈ Φ) and the users N (N ∈ Ψ) in the network are randomly distributed. Initial serving virtual cell Ω for user nnIs determined from its measured signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the surrounding small base stations.
If SNR is usedm,nRepresenting the signal-to-noise ratio, SNR, received by user n from small base station m0,nIndicating the maximum value therein, i.e. SNR0,n＝max{SNRm,nThen all the small base stations satisfying the formula (1) form a service for usersn virtual cell omegan，
Ωn＝{m|SNR0,n－SNRm,n≤SNRThr} (1)
Wherein the SNRThrIs a set threshold value of the signal-to-noise ratio.
Step 2. checking omeganWhether it is omega of a certain existing virtual cellsA subset of (a). If it is notThen the angle omegasServing virtual cell Ω as user nnThen step 3 is carried out, otherwise, the next step is carried out;
step 3. select ΩnThe CC with the least number of uses is designated as CC. If CC is NULL, NULL refers to no eligible CC, then user n selects ΩnOne virtual cell with the least users in the virtual cell in which the small base station with the largest signal-to-noise ratio is located serves as the own serving virtual cell, and the virtual cell uses omegamRepresenting, then reselecting CC, otherwise, entering the next step; in this step, when the number of CCs with the smallest number of usage times is greater than 1, the CC with the smallest uplink interference is selected as the CC.
Step 4. calculate ΩnSet of small base stations C serving other virtual cells using CCsn＝{m1,m2,...mt}，miI is 1,2 … t represents a small base station in the set, and t represents ΩnThe number of small base stations serving other virtual cells using CC. If it isThe user virtual cell is omeganIf the program is finished, otherwise, entering step 5;
step 5, judging SNRi,n-SNRi,jIf > delta is true or not, then,
wherein the SNRi,nRepresents omeganUser n receives small base station mi(mi∈Cn) Signal to noise ratio, SNRi,jRepresents a virtual cell omegajReceived by user j in (1)Small base station miSignal to noise ratio of omegajIs divided by omega served by small base station using CCnAnd delta is a fixed constant in other virtual cells.
If yes, the small base station miExit from the virtual cell omegajUsing CC of omeganServing, otherwise small base station miExit from omeganAnd continuously stay in the original virtual cell omegajIn (1).
Step 6, updating omeganIs a virtual cell of the user.
In the virtual cell omeganAfter the carrier selection is completed, the CC usage and other resource allocation information are updated and the surrounding virtual cells are informed.
Fig. 2 depicts a scenario model of virtual cell carrier allocation, and a user selects several surrounding small base stations to form its own serving virtual cell, and generates a serving small base station list, as shown in fig. 3, where the serving virtual cell of user 1 includes base station 1, base station 2, and base station 4, and the serving virtual cell of user 2 includes base station 2 and base station 5, so that it can be seen that base station 2 serves two users in different serving virtual cells at the same time. With the change of the user position or the service volume, some small base stations continuously exit the original virtual cell, or new small base stations are added into the virtual cell of the user, and at this time, the user needs to update the service small base station list maintained by the user and notify the network of the information. Each small base station in the network also maintains a list of the virtual cells to which the small base station belongs, records the service user condition and the CC use condition, and exchanges information with the surrounding base stations through air interface communication or return links between the base stations.
The evaluation scene of the invention is the indoor downlink coverage of the small base station intensive deployment model. In the simulation scenario, 25 rooms are considered, 1 small base station is placed in each room, and the positions are randomly distributed in the rooms. In order to reduce complexity, downlink power control is not involved in the simulation, the transmission power of all small base stations on each CC is the same, and the difference between different CCs is not considered. The data packet scheduling mode used in the simulation is Round Robin (Round Robin), and the service model is a full buffer model (FullBuffer). Some key parameters in the simulation are listed in table 1.
TABLE 1 Primary simulation parameters
A total of 2 CCs, 25 users, one in each room, were considered in the simulation, with locations randomly distributed within the room. And, when a certain small cell station cannot obtain an available CC using a corresponding algorithm, at least one CC is selected to serve its user.
In the CAMS algorithm, a plurality of base stations are combined to provide service for users together, so that the received signal strength of the users is enhanced, the small base stations with better service quality exit some original virtual cells through mutual cooperation among the virtual cells, and the corresponding CCs are used for serving the users in the newly added virtual cells, so that the base stations always provide higher signal quality for the users, and the receiving SNR of the users is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A virtual cell carrier allocation method based on maximum SNR is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) user n determines its own initial serving virtual cell omegan；
2) Check omeganWhether it is omega of a certain existing virtual cellsIf a subset ofThen the angle omegasVirtual cell Ω as user nnThen entering the step 3), or entering the next step;
3) selecting omeganThe component carrier CC with the least number of uses is taken as the target CC, which is denoted as CC, and if CC is equal to NULL, NULL refers to no eligible CC, then user n selects ΩnOne virtual cell with the least users in the virtual cell in which the small base station with the largest signal-to-noise ratio is located is used as the own virtual cell, and omega is usedmRepresenting, then reselecting CC, otherwise, entering the next step;
4) calculate ΩnSet of small base stations C serving other virtual cells using CCsn＝{m1,m2,...mt}，miI is 1,2 … t represents a small base station in the set, and t represents ΩnThe number of small base stations using CC to serve other virtual cells; if it isThe user virtual cell is omeganEnding the program, otherwise, entering the step 5);
5) determining SNRi,n-SNRi,jIf > delta is true or not, then,
if yes, the small base station miExit from the virtual cell omegajUsing CC of omeganServing, otherwise small base station miExit from omeganAnd continuously stay in the original virtual cell omegajPerforming the following steps;
wherein the SNRi,nRepresents omeganUser n receives small base station miSignal to noise ratio, SNRi,jRepresents a virtual cell omegajSmall base station m received by user j iniSignal to noise ratio of omegajIs divided by omega served by small base station using CCnDelta is a fixed constant for the outer virtual cells;
6) update omeganIs a virtual cell of the user.
2. The method for allocating virtual cell carrier based on maximum SNR as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1), user n determines its initial serving virtual cell ΩnThe method comprises the following steps:
by SNRm,nRepresenting the signal-to-noise ratio, SNR, received by user n from small base station m0,nIndicating the maximum value therein, i.e. SNR0,n＝max{SNRm,nThen all the small base stations satisfying the formula (1) form the initial serving virtual cell Ω of the user nn：
Ωn＝{m|SNR0,n－SNRm,n≤SNRThr} (1)
Wherein the SNRThrIs a set threshold value of the signal-to-noise ratio.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3), when the number of CCs of the component carrier with the least number of usage times is greater than 1, the CC of the component carrier with the least uplink interference is selected as the CC.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein Ω is a virtual cellnAfter the carrier selection is completed, the component carrier CC use situation and the resource allocation information are updated and the surrounding virtual cells are informed.
5. The maximum SNR-based virtual cell carrier allocation method according to claim 1, wherein assuming user n has selected a Primary Component Carrier (PCC), a set of small base stations needing cooperation can be selected by means of a user measurement report to constitute an initial serving virtual cell of user n.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein if there is a cell in the initial serving virtual cell of user n that has already served other virtual cells with the target CC, the corresponding virtual cell is requested to release the cell, so that the cell can serve user n with the target CC.
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